How are Viruses Classified?

- Main chart & narration by Matt Baker. Chart available here:
usefulcharts.com/products/evo...
- Video editing by @Jack Rackam
- Photo of Dr. David Baltimore by Bob Paz
- Handwashing clip by World Health Organization:
• WHO: How to handwash? ...
- Hand chart by Taylor, L. in Nursing Times 74, 54 (1978)
- Symptoms chart by Toby Morris & Siouxsie Wiles:
thespinoff.co.nz/science/18-0...
- Intro animation by @AlMuqaddimahYT
- Intro music "Lord of the Land" by Kevin MacLeod and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution license 4.0. Available from:
incompetech.com

[@UsefulCharts]

This video, like most Covid-19 videos, is demonetized (ad-free) and therefore won't be promoted as much by the KZbin algorithm. If you found it useful, please share via social media so that others can see it too. Liking and commenting helps too.

[@drswag0076]

the algorithm is wrong and it's a complete dumbass.

[@luvanime680]

Can you do the whole chart?

[@gorankoilic6571]

KZbin has a bad algorithm.

[@narobii9815]

It got promoted to me.

[@gonzothegreat1317]

What are retroviruses? Is Covid 19 virus a retrovirus?

[@Sakkura1]

6:15 The positive and negative has nothing to do with attachment. It's about how the RNA is copied and translated to protein. When you copy it, you get double-stranded RNA. Then one of those strands could be translated to protein. The difference between positive and negative is whether the strand that gets translated is the original one (positive) or the newly copied one (negative).

[@andrewcorrie8936]

I scrolled down to see if someone had picked this up. Good job!

[@GlasgowCelticBhoy]

Very interesting Sakkura. Thank you for that bit of information.

[@thevoidlookspretty7079]

I found something hilarious about viruses being a “spinoff” of life.

[@fionafiona1146]

The premordial soup/RNA-World hypothesis suggest Viruses are likely more to arise than live but without contact with live to replicate them disappear again.

[@fionafiona1146]

@Sperup AD Admittedly pre human primates had some resistance against many viruses. On the other hand Antibiotics aren't the best treatment chance since viruses have surprisingly little in common with bacteria, except for the parts inserted in bacteria genomes (serving similar to immune memory)

[@skinnygumbo2700]

@Sperup AD "They might be older than life itself". Doubtful. Viruses need a living cell to replicate. They had to appear AFTER the life itself appeared.

[@skinnygumbo2700]

@@fionafiona1146 "Antibiotics aren't the best treatment chance since viruses have surprisingly little in common with bacteria". Antibiotics have absolutely no effect on viruses.

[@apegrasshoplizard]

@@skinnygumbo2700 mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell

[@MatthewBaka]

"viruses aren't living" "viruses die" *confused noises*

[@DDKKAY]

They mean by saying they die ( that they be destroyed)

[@janskacel9480]

@@DDKKAY By death is meant loss of ability to infect.

[@HenryMcGuinnessGuitar]

Soap "kills" viruses in that it destroys the protein shell (capsid) containing the virus genetic info (which is on strand(s) of RNA/DNA inside). ON the Capsid are little spikes that stick to a living cell & interact with it to allow the DNA/RNA genetic "payload" to be sort of "injected" into the cell, where it can replicate. Destroy the protein shell and you've just got a bit of RNA floating around, with no way of getting into cells and replicating. Edit: I don't know how long the solitary strand of RNA or DNA lasts on its own in the body. I suspect not long, and a quick look at Google appears to confirm that. In any case it won't build a capsid shell unless inside a cell

[@sonofthelocustall-green9085]

Virus DON'T die because they are NOT living. Depending the type of surface they fell (coming from the source) they have X amount of time to find a host, if there is no host and the period of time expires, its components separate (dissolve), a type of disintegration, and cease to exist.

[@zakattack8624]

Irraticated is a more proper term than to die.

[@sofieneubert7324]

He’s so dissing everyone not believing in vaccinations and I love that

[@sarahlouise7163]

not all vaccines are equal 😏

[@eh5182]

@Sour Liberty I know right it's almost like the the government who survives on our taxes would want us to not die. Whats next are they going to make murder illegal.

[@michaelbalfour3170]

@Sour Liberty Look everyone, we found a troll! If your going to pretend to be stupid, you can do better.

[@Zeldarw104]

Too much science for certain people to even care.🤔 But. But. But. God!!

[@sdrawkcabUK]

How’s the heart inflammation going? Was it worth it to guard against a V with a 99%+ survival rate?

[@stevetennispro]

Very interesting and informative. How has this not gone VIRAL? ;)

[@Ar-fy5nc]

Can you make: A visual history of pandemics | World Economic Forum? How they're related one of the another or how the impact

[@fionafiona1146]

Most pandemics are pandemic because they aren't (closely) related to anything commonly experienced by the people effected. However seeing closer/further relations between different strands commonly in circulation /mutation rate depicted would be awesome.

[@Ar-fy5nc]

@@fionafiona1146 yeah that's must be awesome

[@randomsandwichian]

Omg yes, the chronology of viruses (well, unfortunately there will be many gaps, I assume) in human and recorded history.

[@GeographyPal]

I learned more in this video than I will on my crusty nasty online school. Also wow this is the smartest KZbin comment section lol. There are actually people who are being respectful and civil when making critiques and the creator responding respectfully to those suggestions.

[@randomsandwichian]

The good part about being in a "safe" community, I guess? I've had this thought from observing many different social media and communities for a good while now (since probably 2010 during my degree days), when everyone is following a right frame of mind, that tends to filter out various vices from the mainstream, though that may lead to biases if left unattended for long periods of time. The same could be said for how nastier ideologies spread, since they all fall under the same methods of word of mouth and choice of references. Then it depends entirely on how those ideas are refined and passed down, or debunked and reformed. Seems like it's the latter we're seeing, to a certain degree, at this point of time.

[@d.m.collins1501]

It is nice, isn't it? But don't go telling the rest of the internet about how respectful and civil we are, or we'll slit your face.

[@GeographyPal]

Wow even the replies are intelligent. Thats usually where things really spiral.

[@floraposteschild4184]

It got a little dicey in the original Evolution video (that word is a bat signal for crazies) but otherwise I find the comments civil, and for a wonder, knowledgeable.

[@101personal]

Matt. Congratulations for your great videos. We live in Mexico City and are waiting on FEDEX to go back to normal to buy two of these : “classification and evolution of Life” and “world History”. Thanks again for the humongous effort in achieving this clarity and assertiveness 👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻💯💯💯🏆🏆🏆

[@flyingkeyframes]

Neat format. Just a note from my Wikipedia reading - colds can be caused by over 200 types of virus, yes mainly rhinoviruses but also coronaviruses, influenza viruses and others.

[@kimberlyj4538]

I appreciate the speed of presentation that you use. I digest so much more.

[@southdakotanshealingracism814]

*Thank you for making this! Please consider doing a useful chart of the outbreak worldwide. Great content, awesome channel! We are new subscribers!*

[@paulvillavicencio6194]

I could listen to your voice all day! It's so calming and relaxing.

[@-johnny-deep-]

This was great. And these "useful charts" are AMAZING!

[@weldin]

Yay! The life tree is one of my favorite videos of yours.

[@susavet]

Actually, all viruses and living things can be classified into one big group: Zoamorpha. True life and viruses also have their own group:Euzoamorpha(True life) and Parazoamorpha or Vireamorphies(Viruses). :]

[@joelmorin99]

This is the first time I have ever seen your videos. Great video, great channel, fantastic content! You have a new subscriber.

[@marssvs7570]

Nc video man. I found it very informative. Keep up the great work. Happy to have found your channel.

[@HenryMcGuinnessGuitar]

Exactly what I was look for :) I remembered about some viruses and had found about 5 ways of classifying them - Baltimore system looked the simplest/most logical to a beginner-ish

[@Darryl_Frost]

Excellent, one of the best presentations I have seen.. Thanks.

[@sagichdirdochnicht4653]

For the Symptoms don't forget the (sudden) loss of taste and smell. That is a STRONG sign you got Covid-19. It doesn't really happen with the Flu and only occurs with the Cold when you got a runny nose and stuff - so easy to differentiate. Defenetly get checked if you got that symptom without the runny nose.

[@FelipeMartins14]

I can't believe this channel exists! amazing!

[@Lizzy43645]

As usual - another fantastic video!!!

[@Eza_yuta]

Thank you. This is what I requested. (Maybe other people also requested it tho)

[@mr51406]

14:14 Best, ultimate, most useful chart ever! ⭐️⭐️⭐️☮️❤️

[@fionaswan2823]

It would be wonderful if these charts could be purchased as puzzles.

[@praaht18]

Excellent. Pure joy to listen.

[@Babbajune]

Thanks for the video. Good information and I have shared with others who may get confused between viruses and bacteria. 💖

[@andironaldomarbun2336]

7:54 It's not COVID-19, but it's SARS-COV-2. COVID-19 is not the name of virus.

[@canman5060]

Terminator II !

[@geraldfrost4710]

@@canman5060 Call it Bat Flu, because of the host it was using before humans.

[@-haclong2366]

¿Did you even watch þe video? It's not a flu.

[@keirfarnum6811]

gerald frost How about “Fat blu” instead? Sorry, I love spoonerisms.

[@Zettabyte420]

No the virus is called 2019-nCoV

[@Toastwig]

Wow your Channel is great. Glad youtube recommended this to me.

[@robertschlesinger1342]

Very informative and worthwhile video.

[@seeingeye8368]

This is amazing. Thank you very much

[@carlospiso]

As professional as usual. Thanks ! 🙏

[@johnphillips7144]

I love instructional material that is also a work of art.

[@JohnnyAngel8]

Thank you. Nice video and charts. Just one correction: SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 enters the body through the mouth, nose, and EYES, not ears. I also assume it can enter the body through an open cut or sore, but maybe not if it needs a mucous membrane environment.

[@hikoseijuro9291]

Great information, thanks!

[@stickykeys2795]

Very helpful video. Thanks so much and stay safe (everybody)!

[@TheRealGuywithoutaMustache]

So they are not part of the living, they are non living? So you can kill the undead

[@cv4809]

They're like white walkers,neither dead or alive

[@luizsa8300]

Just Some Guy without a Mustache “What Is Dead May Never Die” -House Greyjoy’s alternative motto

[@fionafiona1146]

@Typed Scroll replicants

[@randomsandwichian]

*cue mass undead hysteria*

[@Delgen1951]

yes, but destroyed is the better term as undead are not unalive to be killed.

[@maitisumitranjan]

Very well explained...thank you for the video.

[@alexifuiify]

Wow, thanks! I learned something although I am quarantine on my house. :D

[@mesonparticle]

Great video, really appreciate this!

[@Nooticus]

Great video! Entertaining and educational!

[@ISwimByHeart]

This is very well done and useful indeed.

[@CardinalConky]

a very useful chart indeed!

[@raahgeer7840]

Thanks for the video, Very well explained

[@1981stonemonkey]

This is the Chart-picking Lawyer, and what I have for you today is the matter of viruses, and if they meet the requirements to be classified as living creatures. It is a difficult matter to pick, since there are between 4 and 12 criteria to be met. Viruses usually get clicks out of half of them, the rest remain binding or you get nothing.

[@Kim_Miller]

But can you do it with a spoon?

[@petpurrveyor895]

Nice video for quarintine. Very Interesting!

[@arupsarkar6114]

Very good one, I liked it very much.

[@Ullmannite]

I really like your videos! Do you have something similiar about rocks and minerals?

[@johnchardine1886]

Excellent! Just to say, mortality rates for the Covid-19 virus may be much lower than current estimates (and more in line with influenza), depending on the extent to which we underestimate Covid-19 infection rates.

[@soufian2733]

2:47 you don't need two bacteria to get a third bacteria either lol ! they self-replicate (asexually) like many other single-celled organisms

[@declaniii6324]

Soufian 27 I think the idea is that with 2 other forms of life they could definitely reproduce, even animals

[@KateeAngel]

They can also exchange DNA between 2 cells, and it helps maintain genetic diversity

[@geraldfrost4710]

Can one virus particle infect a human? The answer is likely YES! But, if one person gets an infection from one viral invader, the response will kill the invading virus (giving the host an immunity) but also the fight will happen so efficiently that no one else will catch the disease. The problem is when you catch a million viral particles at the same cough, which infects a hundred thousand cells, which overwhelms the defenses. You know, inhaling a cough, or kissing someone infected...

[@ishrathuda7801]

Very good informations thank u

[@roxstix]

Great video. Very informative.

[@technowey]

Great video! This should go viral! ;)

[@manikanthaarunpaturi368]

Wow!Wonderful video.Keep it up.

[@diane8885]

Thank you very informative.

[@geraldn.6871]

You're amazing !

[@HandyMan657]

Thanks much.

[@metro6468]

Excellent video

[@user-ul5pt1yb8z]

Thanks a lot

[@LM-bj5cr]

Brilliant video, thank you! Leaving a comment for the KZbin algorithm

[@FXThug]

subbed excellent quality thx u

[@EliasDaoud]

Thanks, valuable

[@glactixspasmata]

Awesom Video!

[@dmc2107]

If you sold shower curtain versions of your charts, I would absolutely buy them. It's the only way I'll memorize them.

[@SoulDelSol]

Great idea

[@SSMBukhari]

Greattttt job👍👍👍👍👍🌷🌷

[@anagvalia871]

Good work as alwys.

[@bennettbodin9687]

On your website, is there a possibility that you could let people get newer versions of the same charts as they come out?

[@petersmythe6462]

My family had a respiratory virus in December that had breathlessness as a symptom. It caused pretty noticeable lung problems and shortness of breath.

[@sunnymoondog]

Where are they located?

[@danilooliveira6580]

it could have been SARS or something else entirely.

[@suelane3628]

My Dad had all of the symptoms of Covid 19 (SARS 2) last December, possibly leading to a stroke. ( The medics couldn't agree on anything.) The main difference was food tasted vile rather than tasteless.

[@gilbertramirezpt]

Around 13:50 you said the virus will enter through mouth, nose, and ears. Did you mean eyes? I have not heard anything about the virus entering through the ears.

[@tombouie]

Well-Done

[@mgk284]

Best of the video: you took the time to put good health advise too. Thank you!

[@edwardmacnab354]

So now we are left wondering about Virus Classifications 2 , 3 , and 7 ?

[@chaimataifi8799]

very useful .

[@cgleck780]

Excellent video! Logically approaching the chicken and egg of whether viruses were created before living cells is mind boggling. This question won't be solved until one of two things happen. 1) Man takes to space with drones that can duplicate themselves and test every meteor it finds for viruses/life or 2) A quantum supercomputer is able to simulate a solar system like ours while scanning the chemical composition of all objects for traces of amino acids, RNA, DNA. The computer would most likely be the size of a planet and make deep thought look like child's toy. Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything

[@endxofxeternity]

awesome

[@mgk284]

This is an OC guilty pleasure ,from royalty to viruses.Anything goes!

[@Popoill1]

I liked the video, it showed the simplified model and introduced it very well. But it feels a bit outdated. If you'd like to know the current classification system, look for the one proposed by ICTV. If you look up that taxonomy proposal, you will notice it has many unclassified viruses and somewhat wierd classes like "Subviral Agents". It is because viruses are pretty diverse (just like everything...). ICTV uses genome similarity to distinguish each virus. But it still is not enough when you think of a one mutation that dramaticly changes the behaviour of one virus.

[@lulubelle0bresil]

I know this is from March, but I think it needs to be updated to recommend mask wearing, and we now know that diarrhea, body pain and tiredness are way more common symptoms of covid-19 than previouly thought (for some people they are the only symptoms) In many countries N95 masks (the kind without a valve) with PFF2 protection (will filter most viruses) can be obtained from hardware stores and DIY supplies stores online. Safety glasses, the wraparound, clear kind can also be worn to protect the eyes.

[@thevoidlookspretty7079]

Thank you for losing your monetization to give us this knowledge,

[@carlosvelazquez3107]

Thank you for this video it helped me a lot in school so kids pls listen and also STAY SAFE! >:)

[@LucaVespa99]

Baltimore....born in NY NY, professor in Caltech, College in Pennsylvania. Never once made it to Baltimore :(

[@michelkegels8270]

What about a pressing feeling on the chest? I don't see that listed as a symptom, but I have heard a lot of people around me with that symptom, and I myself had it for about 4 days. Seems related to the trouble breathing, but it is quite different.

[@slobo1987]

Thanks for a great and interesting video. I noticed a spelling error on the bacteria branch: Genus Yersinia (not Yesrina) ;)

[@jfhow]

What I want to see is a chart and timeline showing the origin and spread of the corona virus.

[@kratsatlu]

About the retroviruses... HIV codes its genetic information in RNA during the portion of the “life” cycle where it is virus particles with a complete viral genome. However, the “backwards” aspect is that they transcribe back to DNA which can then be inserted into the host cells genome. Hepatitis viruses also operate in this manner, but they have DNA genomes, so they have to transcribe into RNA first and then reverse transcribe back to DNA.

[@M500VYN]

KZbin bug - 18 likes, 7 views. 🤔. Fantastic upload. Thank you

[@alexifuiify]

Hmm.. That's nature

[@johnyankee6999]

Everybody lies, so does KZbin.

[@louf7178]

3:26 starts virus classification

[@benschofield1361]

Good video

[@gzpo]

Why did you not show the bottom of your chart? I can see that there is more to see. 💖💖

[@oscarmarin92]

Super

[@maxzweistein8951]

11:39 There's a typo, the plague bacterium ist called Yersinia pestis, not Yesrina. Also, in scientific notation the name of the species (e.g. "pestis") is written in lower case.

[@101personal]

Have you considered make one chart on the history of music that includes classical music periods and main composers ? Thanks again 🙏🏻

[@nevenasuknovic176]

Can you do the same charts about insects, i need it for my school. 😀

[@kennyw871]

Great video with one minor correction. I'm reasonably sure the SARS-COVID-19 virus cannot be transmitted through a healthy eardrum, which is to say a non-perforated eardrum.

[@RKZX2]

i actually learned quite a bit playing Plague, Inc.

[@jeffstewart1189]

Years ago, Mythbusters did a segment on the reach of snot and spit from a sneeze. The results were shocking and disgusting.

[@icreatedanaccountforthis1852]

I like charts.

[@cracer2354]

They want to be part of tree of life. That's why they're so angry right now

[@fireflame9871]

Its was great