Using Basic Logic Gates - With & Without Arduino

[@Dronebotworkshop]

So sorry for the delay since the last video was released, finally I have one for you. This is a long video, even for me, so if you want to skip to a specific section you can use the Table of Contents in the description. I actually have this is ALL my videos, not sure if everyone realizes that as some viewers never read the descriptions! I promise that I won't make you wait as long for the next video. Hope everyone is well and staying safe!

[@riemanndiy6693]

I will watch this video asap. Which hardware (IC buttons etc.) do I need for replicate your circuits before I start the video? Thank You in advance

[@D4N50M3]

You should be a Khan Academy contributor! Great content.

[@stevemacbr]

TOO MANY EMBEDDED ADVERTS - THUMBS DOWN. .

[@Decco6306]

You put way too much effort into this. I don't think I'm going to skip any of it.

[@oqibidipo]

Hint: if you put the time first in the table of contents, KZbin will create chapters that are easy to navigate (at least in the web interface).

[@andrewhollenbach7330]

Out of all the tutorial channels I sub to, you speak at the best pace to comprehend new terms / ideas. Thank you for your hard work!

[@danrohler1329]

Bill, you're a great teacher, video editor, communicator and technical knowledge source and you keep getting better. You're an international treasure. Thank you.

[@vishwanmachar6956]

Hi kzbin.info/www/bejne/ioqQYYBjr5efeLM

[@banban8481]

This channel is more than a diy arduino channel which is a common thing. This channel actually teach me something and not just following an instruction.

[@bertbrecht7540]

I am never confused during or after your presentations. Amazing precision of language and explanation. Thank you!

[@vishwanmachar6956]

Hi kzbin.info/www/bejne/ioqQYYBjr5efeLM

[@jamesreddy2188]

Fantastic video Bill, I am 72 years old and learning electronics to keep the brain cells moving. Your video’s are really helping.😊

[@aviandragon1390]

Anyone unfamiliar with the subject may not understand just how wide your search would have to be to gather all this information individually. There's nothing necessarily revolutionary about the info itself, but packaging it all together here and pre-chewing it for viewers new to electronics definitely earns a thumbs-up.

[@yasirrakhurrafat1142]

Yep! Honestly I was very disappointed that these will require "shmitts" and "buffers" to even use in a variety of projects. I thought these would be great cheaper replacements for the simpler functions of arduino. But the hassle doesn't seem even remotely worth anything for the potentially lower cost. What this was good for though, that I now have a better understanding of the lower level construction and design of semiconductors. Although I had a somewhat different assumption of how these worked, I'm gonna move onto learning what instruction sets are. I have a feeling that they work exactly oppositely to how these "logic gates" work. But I guess I'll have to see.. Very precious information though, this more than deserves a like. Our Drone Bot Guy is precious 🥰

[@aviandragon1390]

Don't despair. Most modern versions of basic logic ICs already have Schmitt trigger outputs and/or inputs and are cheaper and simpler to use than microcontrollers in certain instances. They can also be used to augment your microcontroller circuit design with hardware. For instance, you might want to use an AND gate to attach 2 or more incoming signals into a single pin on your Arduino so that you can check all are true with a single read. Or maybe you want to create a safety circuit that doesn't require an interrupt in your program. In cases where you require a buffer, you will probably already want to be using a buffer or transistor to prevent your Arduino from having to drive an excessive load.

[@yasirrakhurrafat1142]

@@aviandragon1390 yeah.. true. These will save me quite a bit of i/o. BTW, would you happen to know how I can get multiple analog inputs in one analog pin. I'm thinking, scheduling and using another analog pin to vary voltage and switching some circuits on and off, mechanically by using diodes or logic gates with resistors and mechanical relays that switch sources of inputs and let one single pin read and cycle reading different incoming analog signals. Or is there a simpler shift register solution that'd let me do the same with less hassle? I really don't need quite that high of a sample rate, just that I can switch between reading voltages from different sources, and cycle between them, log them. Automated by the microcontroller of course. Think temp sensors on multiple motors/battery of a RC plane/motors.

[@aviandragon1390]

So, likely what you're looking for is an analog multiplexer. You'll need a few extra digital output pins to use as selectors, but of course you know you can use registers (or a demux) for that. The caveat is that an analog mux will usually degrade your incoming signal somewhat, depending on the quality of the chip. If you're not too picky about exact readings that shouldn't bother you much. Otherwise you will need to read the spec sheets until you find a suitable match.

[@yasirrakhurrafat1142]

@@aviandragon1390 no way to use one digital pin to switch between the inputs? Bummer.. I'll look into the analog multiplexer though, still seems interesting. I'm trying to completely understand this stuff such that I can whip something up with minimal commercial equipment. This stuff is soo geeky though, I'm finally getting a grasp of how embedded hardware and devices might work. I'm trying to beat ardupilot, and commercial products with diy stuff that'd potentially perform better! I've designed some stuff that already might be quite better than existing products! I just need more literacy on the electrical and mechanical side of things to finalise my designs. They could be somewhat revolutionary. I'm talking stuff, kinda unrelated to arduino side of things. Sorry for getting sidetracked. Appreciate your help! Thank you very much!

[@trego9584]

Hello Bill great to see your back hope all is well with you, This takes me back 35 years

[@mikeearls126]

This guy is just gold. So solid in his delivery of these really complex topics.

[@j.walterdiebold4999]

This takes me back to 1962 and my first Navy school where I learned Basic Transistor Theory. We have come a long way in 58 years! Has it really been that long? Wow!

[@gfodale]

I wish you were around in '79 when I was going thru my 'A' school for electronics. Far better explained than what the Navy gave us and expected us to learn. Thought this might be a fun refresher, but is much more. Thank you. Regarding your concern for the wait, it's well worth the wait. Well done.

[@chazbarclay]

If there is one YT channel I will support and I will, it's this one. Thank you for what you do.

[@aidanyoussef]

Was just scrolling through some of the comments, and unsurprisingly many of them echo my own thoughts. You really are an amazing teacher presenter and maker. Your knowledge, skill and passion are as admirable as they are inspirational. Ive no doubt that youve got countless minds, of no doubt all ages progressing in their tinkering, projects and general knowledge. Cheers bloke, good luck to you. I hope u get as much from it as we all do.

[@zerotogive56]

I went to Devry didn’t learn much. Watched three or five of your videos and now im almost an engineer!! Very comprehensible material, thank you!!

[@zueistpriest]

I learned/taught myself most of this using Minecraft a few years ago because I was trying to figure out a way to build a portcullis that would raise and lower in either direction with the push of a button. I wish I had your video back then as it would have saved me a ridiculous amount of frustration trying to map it all out in my head. The few things that I didn’t see were a delaying capability or a toggle between states but I’m sure those are already listed in a different video. If anyone is interested in testing out a “physical” representation in a digital format, play Minecraft and use red stone to build your circuits. Thanks for putting out content that people can learn from, it’s amazing what an imagination and learning can accomplish.

[@davelewis3963]

Learned all of this back in the late 70's, and then promptly spent a career not using any of it. Just recently acquired a Uno and then your channel. Great material, and you are a great instructor. Thanks for putting the time and effort into these videos.

[@MrMorgan316]

Wow! Right when I looked for this it was uploaded a week before. I'm tire of people showing stuff with an Arduino, I was trying to do it without an Arduino so thank you!

[@sbsarkar5659]

This is an absolutely well thoughtout demo video for making the seemingly incomprehensible logic circuits easily understandable. Like all videos made by Bill, I am saving this one too for reference when needed. Thank you Bill for your hard work and making such educational videos freely available on youtube..

[@vishwanmachar6956]

Hi kzbin.info/www/bejne/ioqQYYBjr5efeLM

[@realayer]

Just read this article and have now been watching your video, as with all of your videos- easy to understand and well put together. Always impressed by them,

[@ministeriomundialliberando8403]

Before ending watching this video, I wanted to thank you for it. It is a school class but in a better and simple way. My deep appreciation.

[@sebastiank686]

man this is so precise and understandable i love this

[@ainnovation6967]

For the channel about tech, your channel is the most informative. The way you arrange your lectures, animations, your clear narration, and your english as well is superb. Thanks for your time to teach us. I really appreciate it.

[@neilcorbett5057]

I recently discovered your videos and am eagerly working through them. Some of the best I've seen, well paced, thoroughly explained and comprehensive. I take my hat off to you. Keep up the good work. From a 74 year old, always enjoying learning.

[@change_your_oil_regularly4287]

Where have you been all my life?! Speak clearly and at the right speed to let the information sink in. Great clip! Subscribed with full notifications. Thank you keep them coming.

[@macdaddyns]

Incredibly thorough tutorial! Thank you for taking the time to share your knowledge and interesting trivia with us!

[@vishwanmachar6956]

Hi kzbin.info/www/bejne/ioqQYYBjr5efeLM

[@uvtube2008]

A great class that let me re-tour and refresh all my 41 years of living with digital electronics and computers, right from the original vacuum tubes till the latest Arduino age! Thanks. I will use this video post as a quick way to show kids and newbies around me and get them acquainted with the rather old-fashioned deep down fundamentals of plug and play digital gadgets.

[@RolopIsHere]

What a time to be alive, a couple of decades ago, a class like this was very expensive, now we get it for free.

[@Decco6306]

holy wow you went all out on this video. its an hour of content. You cant think how much i appreciate someone doing stuff like this. Honestly i always thought your work was underappreciated. Thanks a million for contributing content like this in the way you do.

[@robertgitta6404]

I have enjoyed the entire presentation thanks a lot. Am a Laboratory tutor at college of engineering makerere university.this has very much enriched my skills in digital laboratory experiments using an arduino

[@robhoward5222]

You have made electronics accessible to me in ways I never thought possible. Addicted to your videos. THANK YOU!

[@valentinkovshik]

This is the best channel to learn electronics on KZbin! Thank you for your work!

[@MrArif009]

It's awesome.👌 I'm not going skip anything because it's interesting and educational too.

[@mbrad2669]

I can now complete a project that I've had on the back burner because now I have a better understanding of logic chips! Thanks for clearing things up! Your explanations are always so thorough and understandable. Very enjoyable content

[@raycarlson1342]

You are not only an excellent teacher but a master class in making perfect videos. Thank you so much.

[@mufaddalrangwala2906]

I work in a company doing PVD (Physical vapor depositions) coatings. The machines generate a glow plasma to sputter the target material on a substrate. The glow plasma is very susceptible to decaying into an arc, which is not desirable, however when arcing does occur, the arc event has to be recognised and extinguished within 500 nanoseconds. We use logic gates and 555 timers with cumulative gate propagation delays within 200-300 ns to detect and handle this. Any solution with a microprocessor would be impossible with interrupt execution latency of about 4 - 10 microseconds, 8 to 20 times the response time of the design requirement. This is one very good reason why discrete logic gates are still relevant.

[@michaelzajac5284]

Dear Dronebot, I taught the hard way, used my XOD with Digital Gates. It was worked!

[@carlgradolph9676]

Excellent presentation of both the 'why' and the 'how' of digital electronics basics for non-engineering types (like me). Clears up a lot of my confusion after reading (and re-reading) educational material aimed at the mathematically able... Answers the question of why CMOS and TTL chips are still in wide industry use in the age of microcomputing, and ties them into a nifty Arduino-based logic trainer! Another well-crafted tutorial from a truly gifted educator.

[@Lord-Black__]

3 weeks of class umderstood in one night thank you very much sir!!!

[@bramble444]

This Video basically summed up most of the things my class and I learned over the last month, added some interesting information about the Chip Standards and compressed it in to an hour. It was easy to understand and also kept me watching far longer than I usually would. Thanks a lot and keep up the good work.

[@LoopBooost]

What are u learning?

[@markc9871]

Another gem. So informative. It took me back to a Digital Logic class in 1971.

[@stevenfinken5835]

the entire lesson was both great review for me as well as new ideas. The most gratifying part was the transistor trivia and numbers at the closing. I love real nerd stuff, and the mechanics of the lesson was great, but the real nerd stuff at the end was priceless. Thank you, and well demonstrated.

[@sammyk7024]

why? why on earth would someone hit the dislike button on this video. seriously. why?

[@abpccpba]

Not what they expected to hear.

[@startobytes]

Don't know why, I mean it is a long Video, but with interesting topics!

[@jaa93997]

Mid way ads. What an annoyance.

[@bollie9752]

mid way adds (I did not vote)

[@sammyk7024]

so, let me check if I'm getting this right: A person (Bill, in this case) takes his precious time, knowledge, and effort to put up a massive video teaching some digital electronics, and shares it with the world, to whomever wants to learn. For FREE. And people complains about some freaking ads? I mean... to totally disrespect a quality content creator's work, just because of some ads that could provide some revenue to keep going on? I'm trying my best to be polite, here. Seriously. This total lack of empathy is just... appalling. THANK YOU, Bill and DroneBot Workshop. You ARE appreciated. Your work IS appreciated.

[@jj74qformerlyjailbreak3]

Thanks for adding a Truth Table in the Description. Adding Logic to your output description was a nice touch. You rarely see that nowadays. Like someone will reverse engineer it Xor something. Not having it IS equivalent to sanding the part numbers on Cheap Chinese Products. Only thing they accomplish is buying time. God Bless.

[@OsoPolarClone]

I am only 20 minutes into your video and am enjoying it a lot and learning a lot. Thank you.

[@billnopoles1934]

As an old Electronics I want to add one remark. An open TTL input has usually a High signal. Pulling it down with a resistor increases the power consumption while doing nothing. That's why I always pulled it down with the contact (switch). It saved me acquiring a bigger power supply on big projects.

[@electrucs219]

Great video, Bill. I think knowing about all these logical gates is a 'must' for everyone dealing with electronics since they are the core of all our favourite microcontrolers. Thank you for this Educational video!

[@haroldfinz4863]

Incredibly enjoyable to watch. Your intruder alarm was brilliantly well-thought-out and instructive. Glad you're back.

[@tapestapes0]

You Sir are Awesome! Thank you for putting into words what was to me uncomprehensible a couple of years ago. This information is priceless.

[@eebaker699]

This is a great video for beginners like myself to understand. Thank you.

[@frazier283]

Great tutorial. I have always been inspired by the work you put into your tutorials. The graphics and visual aids are fantastic and as previously mentioned you're easy to follow because you don't rush the information however I was greatly disappointed in being interrupted by commercials.

[@W1RMD]

I've subscribed to your channel a long time ago and I'm just now watching your videos. I didn't know that they would be this AWESOME! Your content and presentations are vivid and easy to follow. Thank you!

[@luimobiletech]

Nice. . . kzbin.info/door/opohSuuZ44TLjn4E-c2sJw

[@waelabdulla]

where was this video when I was student , I am so old , thank you very much

[@NewAgeDIY]

I’m Happy camper now that you’re back in the shop making videos Today’s video is a much needed refresher and for newcomers a big eye opener. I’m going to take my time and take some noted. After I finish watching I’ll come back and finish off this comment.

[@joestyles4639]

Brilliant video! Your basic circuit helped me test my 4 year-old chips which I thought I'd manage to break years ago. Thank you and very helpful.

[@johnhoyle6390]

Great explanation of Logics gates ( and, nor etc) with great graphics. Thank You.

[@bobjacobs8643]

This video was well worth the wait!!

[@warrenscorner]

Great to have you back Bill! Wow! That’s a lot of gates to comprehend. Looking forward to seeing more of DB1. Stay well.

[@alfonsmr]

Sir, your videos are so well explained and so professional that I would like to say thanks, thank you very much for your work

[@MrBobWareham]

That was a logical approach to gates very good refresher we all forget about logic now with so many SBC's that are available thanks Bill for another very good video. Please stay safe Bob

[@marksunic]

wow. around 1982-1989 I work as a teacher in digital, I teach algebra and other stuff and Motorola 68HC11 and Zilog Z80... So many memories...

[@bille1136]

Like several others have commented, this video took me back to my college days (EE) . I really got into truth tables back then and would then construct circuits to emulate the outputs. Thanks Bill.

[@kagunaratna5141]

A great lesson. I was not able to understand some facts until I watched this video. It make so easy to understand. Thank you.

[@daveb7999]

Excellent video Bill! Prior to this week, I knew next to nothing about logic gates. After watching this and a couple of your other videos, I feel as though I am close to understanding how logic gates can be used in a circuit to perform various tasks. My only complaint is that after watching this, I ordered over a hundred bucks of assorted sets of IC's, logic chips, N channel power mosfets, L7805's and more ...! Thanks for making learning fun!!

[@jjmcrosbie]

YES, BUT At 21:00 the narrator says that DTL uses more current than TTL. That wasn't true of standard TTL, but it is true of low-power TTL which is now used. It's also true that every time a TTL gate changes state it produces a near short-circuit for a nanosecond or two, which requires power supply lines to TTL to have HF decoupling capacitors distributed all around the circuit card.

[@Enigma758]

53:58, not a big deal, but it is good practice to use "const int" for definitions such as the pin numbers, ir makes them immutable.

[@rcavicchioni]

Awesome video Bill. Well worth the wait. Thanks for all the hard work and effort that you put into this channel.

[@chrisconner1269]

Your videos, ESPECIALLY the logic video(s) are OUTSTANDING!!! Thank you!

[@glennstasse5698]

Man! That’s one fine video. Info packed and usable. This really satisfied many curiosities of mine. Thanks for putting it together! Fantastic!

[@gerardstrik2555]

This was a nice brief and even practical introduction for a electronics newbee like myself. Thank you.

[@beerkekjoer8642]

Dear Sir, thank you! Very helpfull and sooooooo well explained. I wished my kids had tutors like you.

[@jelvinqueddeng2833]

Thank you for the unselfish teaching👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼

[@diegohmiranda100]

Finaly here, with the master. Thank you.

[@josemanuelalogoadjomo7863]

I really like the quote before every video, the one for this video was quite fun. ''It is a logical thing to do'' haha haha great learning experience

[@marufhasan9365]

Great video! love the long-formate videos you produce. Different from any other content found on youtube.

[@gerryabbott]

Really Detailed refresher on on of the most fundamental aspects of electronics. Many thanks

[@amuesli5358]

Excellent topic. Just what I wanted. :)

[@MasterTv_777]

Where are you from?

[@electronic7979]

Very helpful video. I liked it

[@Toolever]

Yeah! it is possible to build circuits without slapping a microcontroller in the design. Great stuff sir!

[@ايفونستور-ق1ه]

Thank you for a fun lecture on the components of the interior ic

[@TR3A]

Really appreciated the info about buffers, tri-state, and Schmitt triggers. Would like to learn more about what high impedence is used for, and how it differs from floating.

[@AI_Image_Master]

An example for high impedance is on a data bus. You will have multiple things connected to your data bus. Registers, memory data etc. You only want 1 device putting data on the bus at a time. All other devices need to be in a high impedance state. If they are left floating they could end up changing the bits on the bus high or low.

[@TR3A]

@@AI_Image_Master Thanks for the explanation about high impedance. Your example makes the need and use for it very clear. I'm wondering how high impedance relates to logic levels (e.g., 0-.8v = low; 2.8-5v = high). Can high impedance be used with any voltage?

[@AI_Image_Master]

@@TR3A The high impedance will have no effect on the circuit that it is connected to. It will be pulled to the voltage of the active input so it can be used with any voltage. I am currently building (or trying to build) a 4 bit computer from nothing but transistors, and one of the problems I have is buffering my registers and memory on the bus. Can't do it in an easy circuit I am sort of stuck in the mid sixties, with some sort of Schmitt triggers.. Yes I can get a chip ala the 1970's to easily do it, but that would be defeat. I can do it with a large multiplexer, logic not too bad, just a whole log of transistors..

[@TR3A]

@@AI_Image_Master Thank-you. And good luck with your project.

[@M-Dash]

Awesome!! I wish you were teaching my college Electrical Engineering class! I mean it! 😃

[@horsthotzenplotz3321]

The Mosfets in my device are always extremely exited, when they realize they shall play one of the Workshop Videos. They are then so motivated - I think they would do it even without electricity. 😃

[@jeraldgooch6438]

Good to see you back. Something a bit off track but connected. Some of the single board computers, the Jetson Nano in particular, can not source enough current to drive an LED. Several videos detail how to use a transistor create a circuit to drive an LED. However, could one use a buffer chip to perform this function? If so, what might be a good choice? 74LS08, perhaps? Thanks

[@JLCPCB]

Great explanation to the topic! 🙂

[@imardreckmeyr882]

Brilliant video! Looking forward to watching more of your videos

[@RaptorRotorHead]

Digital logic is a lot of fun I used to build quite a few different types of circuits 36 years ago I now prefer to use arduino. I once designed a circuit that had a sensor and it connected to a door lock you would carry around this little teeny black package with another eye on it and when you brought the two eyes in front of each other it would unlock the door. I still have the little black package right now but I don't have the schematic how I wired it up and I forgot I may have to reverse-engineer my own stuff but 25 years after I made this little infrared lock I seen something that people were selling that you could buy and put on your door same thing. And I never told anyone what I had created way back then in 84 so who ever discovered that did that on their own

[@msinaki61]

Simply ,Thank you. Nicely explaining and articulated.

[@hojen321]

Well done. thank you very much. Having never done any of this before, that was PERFECTLY clear.

[@splyit]

I'm happy to see new video from you. Hope the best for you

[@teerthraj_verma]

But i really appreciate your hardwork for making a detailed video

[@Banana-ox9ur]

thankyou sir! this really heps me understanding all logic gates and aurduino explanation is also so clear.

[@ranaimran5387]

Sir your video is most informative and easy to learn logic gates working .your all videos most informative.thanks to provide information about new arduino projects

[@ashiqurrahmanadit6240]

You had me at “the logical thing to do” :)

[@davidamselemb.eng.3326]

"It's the logical thing to do." Lol. Luv this.

[@mannhansen9337]

This takes me back to 1974 when I purchased my first 7400.Later I designed and built a 6 digit frequency counter. This was in 1977.

[@philippeversailles2170]

This is a fantastic video. Thanks a lot Bill

[@cwebs1000]

GREAT INFO! Thanks, Carl

[@jeffschroeder4805]

at 26:26 the schematic seems to show a pull-down resistor but the explanation says "requires pull-up resistor". It would seem to require a pull-down resistor as shown in the schematic.

[@cryzz0n]

Bill, you're a great teacher, video editor, communicator and technical knowledge source and you keep getting better. You're an international treasure. Thank you.

[@allanminers1662]

What power supply are you using please to power the gates when operating without the arduino. (I.e 5v battery or whatever.) Great videos Thank you