What is a proximity switch and how does it operate?

Proximity sensors are commonly used in industrial applications, from manufacturing and food production to recycling. They are also used in vehicles for detecting the proximity of other vehicles relative to one's own car, as well as for parking-assist functions. In mobile devices, especially phones, the proximity sensor is used to detect whether the user's face is close to the phone during a phone call, prompting the screen to turn off to prevent false touches on the touchscreen.

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Many thanks

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Wiring Connection of PNP/NPN type Sensor to Proximity Switch and How to troubleshoot it if fault occurs

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How the Proximity Switch is sensing (i) Beer Bottle (ii) Valve