What is Temperature?

"What is temperature?" is a surprisingly tricky question. In this video we approach it in three levels of difficulty. Going from our every day notion of temperature all the way to its fundamental roots in statistical thermodynamics.
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Chapters:
00:00 What is temperature?
00:50 Felt Temperature
02:18 Atomistic View
05:33 Temperature in Statistical Thermodynamics
19:16 Wrap up

[@mattellis4111]

This video, along with your entropy one, is the best explanation of Entropy and Temperature I've seen. I've never considered becoming a Patreon before, but I know that this sort of content would have changed how I thought about and understood stat mech/thermodynamics in a fundamental way when carrying out my undergrad (and even my comp. chem. PhD) and the world needs more of it.

[@MarbleScience]

Wow, thanks! Also thanks a lot for your support on Patreon! This means a lot to me.

[@geojose2886]

Mark my words, this is the best video on temperature and even about entropy. All I have seen in textbooks about entropy is " Rate of Disorder " . I was like mostly C'mon.😂

[@agustincabrera414]

Incredible video, hope to see more. Fantastic explanation and visual representations!

[@prasasti23]

This is my first time hearing Gordon Freeman speak. Thank you for the explanation, Mr. Freeman

[@MarbleScience]

You're welcome :D

[@the_infinite_lagrangian]

finally, some youtube channel that does science and is not 1.5x speed. Thank you so much for this!

[@korniyenkomaximify]

Great video! Clearly explained and amazing visualizations as always. Nice that you are back!

[@MarbleScience]

Thanks Maxim! Also, thank you for your support on Patreon!

[@coobit]

@@MarbleScience Now do the Shannon entropy with marbles :)

[@lorenzosiena91]

Thank you because you open up a world to me, these are the kind of videos I look for on youtube and they really make me understand the concepts I study! The visual approach to these topics is the best! Keep it up!

[@sabrinahossain1421]

Nice explaination. Very glad that you are back. Keep it up. We want to see more videos.

[@MarbleScience]

Thanks! I will

[@Tom-iv5pw]

So many things I'd like to share, but I'm happy to see that much of what I had to say has already been said in other comments. However that may be, I'll still chip in and thank you, from the bottom of my heart, for making such an instructive and frighteningly clear video on this subject. I'm a physics PhD student, and I have a class to prepare for tomorrow precisely on entropy and temperature. They have absolutely no idea what's coming for them now that I have seen this video. Peace man, wish you long-living, and much earned success.

[@Dennis-hb8tw]

Hey @MarbleScience ! Again, a tremendeous video! Thank you and looking forward to the next!

[@anotherartfulwhippersnapper]

Sehr schöne und anschauliche Erklärung!

[@Louis-ml1zr]

Awesome! Great to See you back !

[@LF1780]

Great video again! I really like the visualisations and the intuitive connection with statistical thermodynamics!

[@FruityKoala]

Thank you so much! I’ve been trying to wrap my head around this for years now, watching multiple videos and my teacher explaining it couldn’t help. It’s so easy to understand and now I know what causes heat damage. I knew temperature had something to do with atoms moving but not how it caused damage/brain recognition.

[@MarbleScience]

Great! Thank you :)

[@buraianmath]

It's amazing how much quality the next generation of students have:)

[@hanknew9685]

Incredibly underrated channel-- keep doing what you do!! 💛

[@WWld]

fantastic video: clear, explicative and yet rigorous! great job!

[@arkheavyindutries]

Loving your videos! I´m eager to see what you explain next.

[@MarbleScience]

Glad to hear it!

[@kuching11]

Amazing content, thanks for sharing this precious knowledge ❤

[@taktsing4969]

The way you explain is awesome.

[@RapidWolf15]

Best video on temperature, I learned so much from this. Great Job!

[@donfalcon1495]

Brilliant work! Really amazing!

[@jfmhunter375]

Genius video! Welcome back :)

[@MarbleScience]

Thanks :)

[@muchachonechvile5078]

Amazing, great video!

[@ridethree]

Perfect video as always!

[@trainsaregoated]

Beautiful explanation!

[@kulahciomer]

Great. Thanks for video and effort.

[@onkarkhadke6016]

Amazingly explained

[@DrKleMENGIR]

great video! I kind of believe that temperature represents how chaotic a system is. just like in your video, low temperature means that the particles have an untapped potential: their movement is confined due to many physical interactions. then you heat up the system and they start depleting their potential and can fill up a wider space due to random motion. what we feel as "heat" is exactly this unordered motion - if it were the average kinetic energy of the particles, then you would be able to just heat up anything by simply blowing air at it 😃

[@MarbleScience]

Thank you! I would rather say that temperature measures how the chaos changes with increasing energy. At low temperature the chaos grows a lot when you add a given portion of energy. At high temperatures the chaos only increases a little when the same portion of energy is added. Though actually I don't like the word chaos in the context of entropy. I would replace in with "number of possibilities". Energy is most likely to flow where it leads to the highest number of possibilities. States with more possibilities how they can occur are simply more likely compared to states with fewer possibilities. Just like you are probably not going to win the lottery because there is more possibilities (combinations of numbers) how you are not winning the lottery, compared to the number of possibilities how you win the lottery.

[@tyrexgame1359]

Thanks bro, you helped me do my homework, how great 😀👍🏻

[@Source1987]

Absolutely amazing explanation and illustration!

[@MarbleScience]

Glad you liked it!

[@konradrimmele2965]

Great video. Finally I know what tempreture REALLY is. Thanks

[@afvallejos]

Impressive work, keep it up!

[@MarbleScience]

Thanks, will do!

[@srijantiwari8152]

Awesome video.

[@pranavvalvaikar2170]

That Explaination was 🔥🔥🔥

[@youbg9378]

Great job thank you so much bro

[@stickinthemud101]

Incredibly high production value. Have a feeling you're gonna blow up soon!

[@denissediaz3640]

This video is fantastic!! Thank you!!

[@MarbleScience]

Glad you liked it!

[@joepeetz4674]

Excellent video, thank you!

[@MarbleScience]

Glad you enjoyed it!

[@srivatsajoshi4028]

you're back

[@MarbleScience]

yes :)

[@John-re2iq]

I will say nothing but thank you! Such a great video.

[@MarbleScience]

Thank you too!

[@felicee]

this video is amazing

[@MoreInformation1923]

👍👍👍 Great video and very easy to understand

[@MarbleScience]

Thanks!

[@rafmirzakhanyan8706]

I wish my school teachers could explain stuff like this... Thanks for the great video. Keep them coming!

[@MarbleScience]

Thanks, will do!

[@squirrelsaregreat9826]

Those visuals are soooo pretty (and of course very informative). Keep up the great work! Any plans on becoming a full time KZbinr/science communicator?

[@MarbleScience]

Thanks! Actually I kind of am now. I have some initial funding for a few month, a start-up grant of the German state. Then we will see 😄

[@shubhankarkarn3747]

Very interesting

[@MarbleScience]

Thanks!

[@tejeshkinariwala]

Amazing your videos and meditative and enlightening. What else do we need 😊 my next stop is your patreon page 🏃‍♂️

[@reytr0]

Your channel is going places 👍 Grüße aus der Pfalz!

[@iw9cpl]

You are great! Congratulation!!!!

[@MarbleScience]

Wow, thank you!

[@profalqulaiaa]

Amazing tutorial! I hope to see more. Thanks a lot! What software do you use to create the animations?

[@MarbleScience]

Thanks! I use Blender for all my animations.

[@georginachapa]

Great video! 👏🏻👏🏻 Now if temperature is the kinetic energy and in a hot day I turn on my air conditioner, what happens there with the energy in the room? How can it be removed? Sorry if this is a silly question but the concept of temperature is fascinating

[@MarbleScience]

Thank you! An air conditioner has always two parts. Usually one in the room and one outside of the building. It transports the energy from your room the outside of the building. Actually I'm thinking about making a video about air conditioners / heat pumps. Stay tuned for that :)

[@littlelamp-ky7tk]

this video is very inspiring🤩

[@MarbleScience]

Thank you!!

[@user-pb4jg2dh4w]

Bbrroo , i swear , if i finde one day , i would b happy to give you a gift , you made such an amazing video , in all perspectives broo 💥🤜💥🤛💥

[@nickklavohn4854]

This is the best explanation I've heard of temperature as described by statistical mechanics. I would love to see your explanations of other key terms: entropy, enthalpy, energy, etc. Physics education is terrible about circular definitions... "Energy is the ability to do work". "Work is a measure of the amount of energy transferred by a force." "Entropy is lost work." I had a professor who described entropy as regret. 'You could have used a pressurized gas to push a piston, but you didn't, and that work is lost forever.' Conflating entropy with regret has always struck me as poetic, and hilariously engineer-esque. Beautiful animations as always! EDIT: Look likes you already have an entropy video out! Gonna go watch that right away

[@MarbleScience]

I was gonna point you to my entropy video but it seems you have found it already :D Yes, There is a lot of (confusing) explanations of entropy out there, but I have not heard of it being described as regret. Interesting! Thanks for sharing!

[@holgerjrgensen2166]

Heat and Freeze, is the Basics in All Stuff, all Stuff is a composition of Heat and Freeze, our well being, is in a fine balance of Heat and Freeze.

[@playitback-os7mh]

Great video! Could you please make a video about Gibbs Energy's Relations to Entropy and lost opportunity to perform work. Liebe Grüße aus Österreich ;)

[@MarbleScience]

That is certainly on my list! Liebe Grüße :)

[@linleybaruch8368]

I shall follow your career with great interest

[@MarbleScience]

Welcome to the channel!

[@nickthepostpunk5766]

Great video. Although I still have a few questions actually 🙂. How does the dS/dE picture of temperature relate to the idea that temperature is always a measure of the average KE of the particles of the system? And what if the system has some PE too: does that PE contribute to temperature? Another thing I have often wondered about is whether all KE modes contribute to temperature eg rotation and vibration, as well as translation?

[@newrlan]

Hi, can you explain how fire looks from microscopy?

[@ahmedhass146]

Nice video Tobias. But I am wondering about Boltzmann distribution and why u didn't include explicitly in ur video. Still it's a video with elite knowledge. Best regards,

[@MarbleScience]

Thanks! The video was getting pretty long already...

[@audr]

Nice. What software do you use to create these videos?

[@TobiasLemke]

Thanks! I use Blender in combination with some python scripting.

[@mehmetsahin9276]

With which program do you make the animations at 19:00?

[@mehmetsahin9276]

In fact, it would be very useful if you make a separate video on how these animations about physics are prepared. Because I haven't seen anyone making a video on this subject yet.

[@50secs]

Wonderful video, next up what is energy?

[@MarbleScience]

Not sure yet, but that's indeed also a tricky question.

[@tombouie]

Hmmmm myoptia perhaps, Historically temperature seems to be the degree of change in state of liquid water between frozen ice & boiled steam under 1 atmospheric pressure. Note as temperature changes water atoms (ex: atomistically) do change in their state although holistically water remains a liquid. Heat density seems to be the crux of temperature.

[@keith.anthony.infinity.h]

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy per entropy (micro-states needed to reach thermal equilibrium) of a set of particles or particle in a space.

[@sherkki9006]

How do you calculate that probability? When you have 30 atoms and lets say, 19 of them can only shake at a time

[@B1NT0N]

Great video Next time try explaining Energy

[@MarbleScience]

That's indeed also a tricky task. Don't know yet.

[@Neptoid]

9:49 Redefining E is not intuitive, E - 1 would have been better, but if E always represents the current state then I guess it makes sense

[@musicarroll]

Fantastic! NB: 5-year-olds don't do logarithms or derivatives.

[@MarbleScience]

True :D

[@wynnrtaylor]

so then, what's energy?

[@psikeyhackr6914]

So where are the scientists and engineers talking about the temperature of HOW MUCH Steel in the North Tower in order for it to collapse? You guys do not discuss the distribution of steel down the structure. A cubic foot of air is < 1/10th lb. A cubic foot of water is 62 lb. A cubic foot of steel is 499 lb. So there is a vast difference in the amount of heat energy required to just to raise the temperatures 50 degrees.

[@grantfink8883]

you look like Vector from Despicable Me

[@pmrMountaineer]

22 minutes to explain temp

[@user-fc6bq1go8g]

No mames está en inglés

[@SUMITKUMAR-ox5gg]

1.why the system at higher mean energy will have higher temperature or vice versa. in your video you explain temperature tells us that how energy flow , it decides the direction of flow of the energy between two interacting systems. here you have explained why energy will flow from high mean energy system to lower energy system. but again why we consider higher mean energy system at a higher temperature. it is defined conventionally or there is some logic behing that. but in stat mech we read about beta parameter of a system it also tells us that the rate of change of states wrt energy and when two systems interact then energy distribute themselves in such a way that the beta parameter of both the system are equal . Then by considering beta parameter we can explain the energy flow phenomenon but then why we use the concept of temperature. 2.What do we mean by absolute temperature of any system. 3.Can we explain the concept of temperature for a single system without taking account of interaction of two systems or what do we mean by the temperature of a single system. please explain these questions please ignore the grammar mistake because i dont know how to properly ask question in english. Thank you if the answer to these questions will take time to explain and cannot be explained in comments you can help me by contacting me gmail :[e-mail]

[@geojose2886]

Mark my words, this is the best video on temperature and even about entropy. All I have seen in textbooks about entropy is " Rate of Disorder " . I was like mostly C'mon.😂