What Was Earth Like 3 Billion Years Ago?

Written & Researched by Leila Battison. Check out her channel:-
/ @somethingincredible
Script & video edited & by Pete Kelly. Check out his channel:-
/ @petekellyhistory
Narrated by David Kelly. Check out his channel:-
/ @voicesofthepast
Thumbnail Art by Ettore Mazza
Artwork by Khail Kupsky
Image Credits:-
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
SIMS analysis of Primaevifilum amoenum, an Apex chert microfossil found in Western Australia, is interpreted to be a methane-consuming γ-Proteobacterium. Source: J.W. Schopf, UCLA.
astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/art...
link.springer.com/referencewo...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Hi...
theconversation.com/how-we-di...

[@_moonlight_fox4798]

I really enjoy watching documentaries like this at night

[@rrsuda740]

Me too. this has a good narrator, perfect for relax time👍

[@lordhinton3394]

At night? Where are you? Its the afternoon

[@charlisparkles]

@@lordhinton3394 evening/ night time over in Europe and even later round Australia way

[@uoppsdnsu4266]

Same, saved this one for tonight, it’s 11 pm where I am, perfect time for a video like this

[@vonhummie]

soothing

[@jamesrussell7760]

My sincere compliments to Leila Battison. Her prose is not only scientifically rich, but it is also poetically beautiful. This entire series is a treasure. Thank you so much.

[@Leftatalbuquerque]

This is the first time that any program I've seen discusses the concept of a "faint, young sun". Thank you for bringing it to my awareness.

[@Carahan]

The Sun gets hotter over billions of years as it uses up its core of hydrogen fusing into helium. Since the core doesn't exchange much of its mass with the higher level layers the amount of matter remains the same minus the energy of fusion. The sun is kept at a point of mediation. Enough fusion to prevent collapse under its own gravity. When the fuel is used up, the core shrinks under the force of gravity. Gravity compresses the core each time the amount of fuel decreases again and again to produce the necessary energy to keep the core from collapsing, faster and faster. As the core compresses, fusion happens ever faster, increasing the total energy output of the sun. After 10 billion years the core will collapse entirely, out of hydrogen, gravity will compress the core until a new core emerges. This core will fuse helium instead of hydrogen. The increase in the energy released will cause the Sun to expand until it is a red giant. The outer layers of hydrogen many many times less dense with a relatively tiny, super hot, helium fusion core. Only a billion years later and fusion will cease altogether as this repeats. Eventually, the sun cannot compress its own core enough to get hot enough to fuse the remaining elements. The outer layers fall back onto the core because of gravity, fueling the last surge of energy as the entire thing shrinks. What remains is a tiny, super hot, white dwarf that will slowly cool for the rest of eternity till protons and electrons themselves fail.

[@JamesonNichols]

It really brightened your day, huh?

[@boxelderinitiative3897]

@@JamesonNichols sounds peaceful

[@Antuan444]

@@Carahan Nice! I've heard about "the death of the sun" dozens of times before, but this is the first time I get a clear explanation of it.

[@ahronthegreat]

@@Carahanlmao copy and paste

[@GeneralSulla]

I've had covid for the last 14 days. I can do nothing but lay here and listen to your documentaries. You have brought me some relief from my suffering. Thank you!

[@yvellebradley2502]

Get well sooner🫖

[@tauronicodemus362]

Qapla'!

[@masterb5683]

CREOLE DADDY I whispered a prayer for you. I trust you'll get well sooner that you think.

[@idw9159]

good luck to you

[@tricia2897]

@@idw9159 I hope you will be better soon

[@Ardunafeth]

The effort and research is really appreciated. Because of the time in between episodes I keep fearing that the show has been discontinued...

[@HistoryoftheEarth]

Haha still here!

[@sarysa]

There were what...20somethingK subscribers maybe 2m ago, and now it's 47k? The algorithm must be doing something...it's a great channel.

[@filonin2]

That dude broke his slide @ 15:54

[@mudemmeonick]

@@HistoryoftheEarth You really need a more professional approach regarding social media interactions. The quality presented on the videos is tarnished by such an imbecile attitude shown on most comments.

[@11matt555]

@@mudemmeonick Chill bro

[@eririel]

The quality of the videos The History of the Earth posts actually deserves a lot more attention that its getting, it is so underrated:(

[@flo_ridaa7074]

So do you

[@SH-kn7ut]

This video is presenting theory as if it were fact. Nobody knows how much energy the sun was producing early in it's development - yet this video pretends otherwise. It's climate change propaganda designed to sell you on the idea of climate change. They have no evidence to support the claims made about the Earth and the Sun's early development. The facts (the only actual facts known today) do not support the claims put forth in this video.

[@eririel]

So you think climate change isn't real?

[@SH-kn7ut]

@Ian Finlayson The scientific community once beleived the world was flat...but it wasn't. There are many problems with climate change theory - big ones. For starters, it turns out the antarctic ice is melting because there's a super volcano underneath it - it's not melting because of man made climate change. There goes 2/3rds of the entire premise for the theory... And it's also a fact that the Earth is spinning down...a day today is 24 hours...just 1500 years ago, a day was only 22 hours....this is a fact...and a slowing Earth is causing the planet to warm up...even so, the temperature increase is minimal because energy loss if a function of the 4th power of temperature...this fact ensures that the Earth will never be much warmer than it is... And there was a time when the Earth's atmosphere contained 20% C02 (the entire atmosphere!)....that is more than 500 times more C02 than it contains today - and yet the Earth's climate was little different than it is today. The above is just the tip of the iceburg in terms of problems with climate change theory...These facts can not be explained away...C02 is not a pollutant...it is a necessary gas for life on this planet.

[@SH-kn7ut]

@@eririel I think man made climate change is not real. The political leftists are the primary promoters of this flawed theory. Their motives are purely driven by politics and their own desire for power over the rest of the human race - they seek to impose their own vision of civilization - where people live a collective existence. Socialism and Communism (Marxism) only works for ants and bee's.

[@Quinnbaby]

This is amazing,. I never paid attention in school and being almost 30, i enjoy seeing how everything was created. We are so lucky to be living . Just thinking about what evolution earth went through for us go be breathing and living today is mind blowing

[@davidsheckler8417]

This is amazing bcs you're indoctrinated & asleep 🤦‍♂️👍

[@brianjensen5661]

Take your meds dude

[@pezvonpez]

@@davidsheckler8417 asleep? Aren't you in the same crowd that hates "woke" people?

[@charlethemagne5466]

@@davidsheckler8417 go back to school

[@yumyum723]

@@charlethemagne5466 i know right, he's one to talk about indoctrination

[@mogensschultzruhoff6770]

This made me think about how little I really knew about Earth's early days. I think most people have an image of Earth 3 billion years ago as pretty much what it looks like today, maybe minus the greenery on land. But there you have it: A faint Sun, an orange tinted sky, electric blue auroras all over the place at night, and greenish oceans. And nothing BUT oceans! So different from what you would expect. I am SO fascinated by your marvelous work. Thank you and keep it up!

[@mrgalaxy396]

Yeah I knew Earth started out as a bunch of molten rock, a volcano hell. But I never knew there was a period where the Earth was entirely an ocean world. That blew my mind. Then the dimmer sun, the green oceans and so on. It makes you wonder how other planets in our solar system used to look like or how they will look in the future.

[@Johnsmith-hp6tw]

Most of us under the age of 70 took something equal to a modern science class at some point between kindergarten and college graduation And for those that haven't.. science channel exists

[@daleowens7695]

everything about this channel evokes a sense of childlike wonder I haven't felt since I was... a child. One of my favorite channels and easily as good as any old school science documentary you don't see on TV anymore, being replaced by mainstream garbage like "Pawn Stars" and such.

[@YogiMcCaw]

Agreed! "pwn-ed stars" is trash.

[@unsubme2157]

Who tf watches tv when you have internet

[@GenesisTheKitty]

​@@unsubme2157i think that this was literally the point

[@tdyerwestfield]

It's crazy to think that at this time, Mars would've been a habitable planet similar to modern-day Earth.

[@theobserver9131]

This series is top shelf quality material! What a delightful reprieve from our petty and depressing contemporary reality. Thank you so much for reviving my sense of wonder!

[@ajcaleb28]

“Top drawer”? “Top shelf” is something else… 😳

[@dehumanatlas9197]

I found this channel 2 days ago, & already I've caught up & watched everything. Ive learned more about the Earth in 2 days than in my 20 years of existence. Excellent channel, literally as professional as a fully fledged documentary. Cant wait for the next billion years, keep up the good work!!!!!

[@lukestrawwalker]

Spoiler alert-- not much happens til the great oxygenation crisis LOL:) Later! OL J R :)

[@the2econd606]

This channels deserves far more growth than it receives. The story telling style of writing and real inflection of the narration. Hits the mark I think many similar channels are missing

[@Moordirocks]

It's like poetry. I find it incredibly refreshing,

[@nealsterling8151]

Such a wonderful Series!

[@kiksforge]

Such a great channel, it's like the David Attenborough of history, thanks for all the hard work and research that goes into making each episode.

[@MattJohno2]

This is honestly the best documentary series I've ever watched about the history of the Earth. Even better than the ones on TV. And thousands of times better than what Nat Geo or Discovery put on nowadays.

[@AverageAlien]

BBC better than those merican channels

[@Kotka67]

@@AverageAlien I've gone off BBC docs esp the Attenborough ones. They've got far too preachy and push the doom mongering too much. I just want the facts not politics....

[@lukestrawwalker]

Venus and Mars also were similar during this time frame, problem was they were "stuck" there... As the faint young sun turned into the "bright hot middle aged sun", Earth would undergo the "Great Oxygenation Event" which would fundamentally change the atmosphere forever-- the methane and carbon dioxide that had kept the planet from freezing over during the faint young sun episode was replaced by the oxygen-rich atmosphere more similar to today, and the planet stayed warm until SO MUCH carbon dioxide was scoured from the atmosphere by the hungry photosynthesizers that the planet froze over into the "snowball Earth" period of the Cryogenian glaciation, from pole to pole. It would take millions of years for carbon dioxide to build up from volcanism sufficient to warm the planet and "throw the switch" on a great global meltdown that would break the icy lock the planet had been trapped in. Meanwhile, Venus, being closer to the Sun and receiving more energy from it, soon began to roast as the Sun brightened from its faint young sun phase into its hot bright middle age phase, and the continuous volcanism just kept enriching the atmosphere with more and more carbon dioxide... as the planet got hotter the oceans started to evaporate, putting HUGE amounts of water vapor into the atmosphere, thickening it and making it even steamier and hotter at the surface due to adiabatic heating (heating due to increased atmospheric pressure) in a fatal feedback loop, and with water vapor also being a potent greenhouse gas, soon the planet's temperature irreversibly ran away. The oceans boiled away and with it any mechanism for locking away carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, along with any nascent life that might have been present. The atmosphere puffed up to 90 times the current pressure at Earth's surface, and the harsher solar UV of the steadily brightening sun started breaking apart water molecules in the atmosphere, where the lighter hydrogen rose up to the upper levels of the atmosphere and were stripped off into space by the constant barrage of the solar wind, forever lost, permanently drying out the planet. Venus turned into the hell it is today. Mars, on the other hand, being about half Earth's size, cooled much quicker due to the disproportionately larger surface area compared to the mass, a simple geometric law relating the volume of a sphere and thus the mass it contains to its surface area, which means smaller objects lose heat faster than larger ones because of their increased surface area compared to their mass. The water present on Mars had probably been sufficient to keep Mars from freezing as well, due to the powerful greenhouse reaction of water vapor in the atmosphere, along with carbon dioxide and methane, and the replenishment of those gases via the rampant volcanism testified to by Olympus Mons and the other gigantic volcanic features on Mars. A young Mars with a hot core probably had some magnetic field as well, protecting the fragile atmosphere from the vicious inexorable solar wind, but even as the Sun heated up and the solar wind became stronger, Mars' feeble core quickly cooled and solidified, and its magnetic field died with it. Volcanism would have slowly ground to a halt and without plate tectonics and volcanoes to replenish the carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere, Mars slowly froze. Mars, being smaller with less gravity, couldn't hold onto an atmosphere as easily as its larger cousins Earth and Venus, so even at a greater distance from the hotter sun, with no magnetic field any longer to protect the fragile atmosphere, the solar wind started inexorably stripping it away until only the thin wisp of atmosphere, 1/100th as thick as Earth's atmosphere, remained... as the atmosphere inexorably blew away year after year eon after eon, molecule by molecule, the air pressure at the surface got less and less, and the water either evaporated away and its hydrogen broken off and blown away with the solar wind, or it gradually froze solid and sublimed away into the thin, bitterly cold and dry Martian atmosphere, either way the water was gradually lost to being broken down by solar UV molecule by molecule in the upper atmosphere of Mars and the hydrogen being lost forever to the solar wind, dooming the planet to a dried-out husk of its former self. What little water remained either persists underground or frozen along with carbon dioxide in the planet's polar caps, or miniscule wisps in the atmosphere that form a few gauzy wisps of cloud once in awhile. The oxygen released by the broken water molecules in the atmosphere inexorably combined with the iron rich compounds of the planet, tinting the entire planet a salmon pink to blood red, but with no oceans remaining to wash these iron rust compounds into to form the banded iron formation rocks like we see on Earth, the compounds remained as rocks on the surface or perpetually blow around the planet as dust and dunes... With the cooling of the core and death of the magnetic field, Mars fate was sealed, and it slowly froze to death as all but the last gasps of its atmosphere and most of its water was forever lost into space. Later! OL J R :)

[@Kotka67]

@@lukestrawwalker . Phew ! Quite a read but worth it, thanks. There's certainly evidence of water action on Mars; river valleys, erosion, etc. It might have been quite temperate long ago....

[@lukestrawwalker]

@@Kotka67 Yep thanks. From everything I've read that's what they think has happened. OL J R

[@Saukko31]

27 minute video but it felt a lot shorter. Excellent episode once again.

[@jamiee172]

3 billion years? No human mind can truly comprehend how long that is.

[@hkguitar1984]

15:47, Good grief, in the B-Roll footage of the microscope the operator changes the magnifier lens and breaks the glass specimen slide! Great Content and Thank You very much. It is very evident this is no small undertaking, the end product/documentary is both fascinating and very enjoyable to watch.

[@davevann9795]

Leila Battison paints poetic images with words. David Kelly delivers those words with serene flowing voice that lets those words create their own images, without the need for pushing an emotional oration onto the audience. The entire series gives a beautiful feeling for what it was like to experience those distant times. I find it more immersive and more truly telling of what the distant past was like. Most talks of the past, whether written, spoken, or video, are simply a recitation of facts. This channel provides some experience of the past.

[@gaslitworldf.melissab2897]

Your narratives elicit from me ever greater fascination and love for our microbial grandcestors. If we truly appreciate the stroke of luck that set these things in motion, we'd guard it all with body and spirit.

[@GinaJMlbrn]

"Stroke of luck"? You and the majority of mankind have fell for the stupidest lie on earth, by you own choice. Why are you such a herd follower? Only Satan himself could convince anyone of such absurdity.

[@Lutetium176]

You capture that feeling from the classic BBC documentaries perfectly. It's calming and interesting to watch your videos. Have you considered to make a collab with the Ben G Thomas channel? Because you deserve more subscribers!

[@jenniferfoster9235]

1' that's what I was thinking! I thought that is who this was!

[@cormac6771]

Love the videos. It would be really interesting if you did a podcast corresponding with each episode, talking about your sources, how these things were discovered, and any things you couldn't fit.

[@luciferangelica]

no it wouldn't

[@gregoryvasilyev9675]

Oh it's super interesting! I listened to a geologist lecture about primordial atmospheric pressure and composition and it was fascinating! They found out that atmospheric pressure then was much lower than now by comparing the impressions made by raindrops on cooling lava/ash from that time and now. It appears that the thinner the atmosphere the smaller droplets can dorm before falling as rain. And then they checked which gasses match. It appears that at the time the Earth was full of methanogenic bacteria, which created their own atmosphere out of their waste just like plants do now.

[@luciferangelica]

@@gregoryvasilyev9675 that does sound interesting

[@awesomemccoolname7111]

This is like if an old school documentary collided with a late 90s Jim Henson project like the story teller. Absolutely fantastic. You mu friend have earned a new subscriber.

[@AldrinAlbano]

These docus are so well produced that it makes me think I am watching NOVA from PBS. Thank you so much!

[@SpaceCadet2569]

I have just found your channel today. I am hooked. I am 51 years old and you have made me wish I was back in school again. You guys make science sexy. It is nice to exercise my brain cells again. I’m now going back to your first video and am binge watching all of them. Thank you for making me feel like a knowledge hungry kid again.

[@alduslummus6380]

So happy to see another upload. Hope you can keep doing these, I think in time this channel could be one of the most popular of its type on KZbin

[@topgazza]

A quite exquisite series of programs. Superbly made. Thank you

[@fumfig3262]

I can't believe I'm watching this for free and I haven't done anything illegal to access it

[@gtamadness100]

Virgin vent dweller vs Chad faint light consumer

[@sammic974]

I love the descriptive narrative of this channel and so wish I could write this well! It is measured and informative, and not presented as "sound bites" which prevail in so many other productions. Thank you for all your effort.

[@brothermaleuspraetor9505]

Leila, truly amazing. Thank you and thank you Mr. David Kelly for reading it out! Amazing video. It was so relaxing and a brilliant form of intake for me. I learn so much when it's presented like this.

[@lizzzzzzzz]

thank you SO much for this series. it is FANTASTIC, especially for a nerd like me. i know all of us are rooting for y'all

[@thomfiel]

This is why I think that primitive life forms, such as those described here, are the most common in our universe. More advanced organisms are probably far less common. There are probably many planets where this is as far as life is able to evolve.

[@daos3300]

why would that be true? there are literally billions of star systems at least as old as ours just in our galaxy, and orders of magnitude more in far older galaxies than ours. more like civilisations we'll never know about have already come and gone, millions of times over.

[@angrychipmunkonfire3]

For NOW at least. Who knows what these planets will look like several billion years from now.

[@mm-zn5hh]

The cameraman did a great job going back in time to film this for us.

[@CallMePaine]

RIDICULOUSLY GOOD! From the narration to the script to the video itself...WOW! Never knew 27 minutes could flew by that easily!!

[@loricarter2394]

I’m so glad that I’ve found this channel, it’s so informative and beautifully presented and put together. Everything I’ve seen on this channel is really right up my alley lol. Everything you do is very much appreciated. Sending you love from Tennessee ❤️❤️❤️

[@uoppsdnsu4266]

This channel is so underrated, within a year I bet there will be 1 million subscribers

[@charlesseymour1482]

Yes 2 000 000 subscribe to your channel. I will do all I can.

[@Steve-eq8iz]

It ain't looking good,upside down man.

[@Creatiff777]

Pure perfection! I enjoy all your videos and feel so happy when you release a new one! Thank you!

[@michaelmacdonald2907]

Love your treatment of early cell's ECM -- been reading Lodish et al. for years now -- and my appreciation of the ECM continues to grow. Your videos remind me that those who are not busy being born -- are busy dying.

[@MrBucidart]

To Pete and the whole crew, outstanding job!

[@singularity___]

I've started watching these twice; the first time only listening to the audio; and it's really interesting to compare the images that my mind has created during the listen with the actual visuals in the video. The descriptions are so beautifully informative and detailed.

[@TheLineCutter]

The artist outdid himself with the amazing atmospheric drawings of the early earth!

[@red_nikolai]

Great episode, glad you guys are still making these.

[@sonyacowles8597]

Thank you for these videos. The production is better than some shows on big networks. Please know that your depth of research, and presentation is greatly appreciated. And please continue. 😊

[@antoniomaglione4101]

Should mention that the radiative equilibrium of Earth stands at - 20 C. The greenhouse gases keeps the Earth temperature at + 20 C. No greenhouse gases = Snowball Earth.

[@frankmacskasy881]

Very well produced. High standard of information, delivered in an easy to understand manner. This deserves wider showing...

[@hwh1946]

Just found this channel. Former chef who is now super interested in Geology. Excellent visuals and script. Thank you.

[@McBeeHomeVideos]

This has been one of my favorite KZbin channels. I love your guys’ work, I’ve learned so much. Can’t wait for the next upload!

[@PrintOfLife]

They lied about 3 billions years. 3 billions of years will not and can not form a rock into mountains and moving creators who swim, walk and talk.

[@brianjensen5661]

Word salad.

[@KhanCrete]

amazing production as always, man. looking forward to seeing how multicellular life evolves

[@JMDinOKC]

I corresponded with a paleogeologist, because I was skeptical that the Late Heavy Bombardment was a constant rain of comets as is usually shown. After all, one comet per year for a billion years equals a billion comets. This man estimated that during the Late Heavy Bombardment, comets were hitting at the rate of about once a week.

[@fredsmith-kingofthelunatic7810]

Marble bar, the hottest town on average in Australia. So hot even the bloody flies go looking for shade.

[@harrietharlow9929]

Love this series. Images and narration blend seamlessly into a wonderful whole. Great job!

[@sikeftw]

Truely remarkable. I wish I could go back and see glances of it. Thank you for the effort here - brilliant.

[@Richardj410]

Thanks again, I'm working my way through your videos and they are great.

[@sykens587]

23:23 "make anywhere the light touches, its home" haha, putting in some Lion King references. Very nice and beautifully written as always, keep up the great work :)

[@jaakkooksa5374]

The bedrock here in Finland (or at least a large part of it) is also something like three billion years old. It does not contain any fossils, because organisms big enough to become fossils did not yet exist.

[@IngratoDespina]

Wonderful content, thank you so much. The quality is outstanding. Very informative. Thank you kindly, I’m so glad I’ve found this channel. I wish you all the success which you certainly deserve.

[@71avalon36]

History of the Earth you guys are great! Thank you so much for these. You are definitely the best!

[@rosiebanks5618]

Another fantastic video! Thanks so much for all your hard work.

[@johnn.3887]

With the possible exception of the works of David Attenborough, these are the best written and best narrated natural history documentaries of all time. Absolutely brilliant.

[@markfox1545]

Attenborough is a moron. He's forgotten all his knowledge and sold out to the manmade climate change mob.

[@CarlosRodriguez-hr3ke]

Subscribed!!! This is the type of content I love KZbin for!

[@bvthebalkananarchistmapper5642]

What a nice coincidence. Y'see, my family and I have been slowly going through listening to all the previous episodes on the occasions when we all have lunch together, starting mere days after the previous episode was released, and we finally finished today. Then, mere hours later, you guys upload this episode.

[@cesarmurillo2042]

Wow great work man! I just discovered you today. This is an amazingly ejoyable documentary, the research and quality are just astounding!. Keep it going!

[@mikeh5431]

Really really superb! I try to keep informed on stuff like this, but this is a fantastic summary.

[@agathor86]

As always the narration is excellent and the content spot on!

[@eggbirdtherooster]

Beautiful documentary, and eccelent music selection! Top notch 👌🏼 and btw. Thank you for not fully spam this video with ads.

[@wildalentejo750]

Such well done documentaries, TV shows should learn with you!!!Thank you

[@tyberfen5009]

Hello there. It's been a while. Glad to see another episode is online. Sort of, it feels like seeing an old friend after a long time (I know, 1 Month is not long, but you know what I'm talking about:)

[@jedaaa]

When you're done with these you should do a series on the projected future of Earth and what changes it will undergo :)))

[@robinchesterfield42]

Oooh! I, for one, would totally watch that. :)

[@vocka3]

I love these soothing documentary voices.

[@solidStalemate]

Youre back!!! Happy to have waited

[@kevinrooney6348]

Some people understand how much we can learn from the rocks of the Australian outback, but sadly, many just take it for granite.

[@harrietharlow9929]

I love this series and I eagerly await each new episodes. Good job!

[@sethfroman7044]

I’m loving your videos!! You speak and tell it in plan English for the average guy like myself, and it just amazing to see and watch our earths 4.5 billion year history. It’s hard to comprehend such a long period of time. So glad I stumbled upon your channel. 👏🏼👏🏼👍🏻👍🏻❤️❤️

[@tonycampos9143]

Shoutout to the cameraman that took the time to go back in time a record baby earth

[@andrewheffel3565]

Electric blue auroras lighting midnight skies of an ancient earth, completely covered with green water. That would be a sight to see.

[@Aussie00]

Thanks this was very interesting and easy to grasp by the way you delivered it. Interesting little side note is that the Australian Geologist Abigail Allwood's work around Marble Bar was key to understanding the organic composition of Mars.

[@dankendra5093]

This channel deserves an award. So good

[@BumKnuckle]

I like the more soothing voice in this offering. Really great work!

[@marcus8036]

This show and this channel will be massive. 2M subs this time next year 💯

[@lizzzzzzzz]

YESSSS

[@charlesseymour1482]

Yes I have shared with my followers.

[@charlesseymour1482]

Absolutely!

[@petergianarakos5698]

There should be a hundred million people watching this show. For some reason many Americans are abandoning science.

[@rodrigorosatoalves]

These videos are very very well made and screenwriting is exemplary. Pro level, really. No teacher I ever had taught the history of the Earth •this• well and in such interesting manner. Storytelling shines in these videos.

[@user-nf9xc7ww7m]

The teachers can't. Logistically, it would be a nightmare making one every day. Then, on top of that, needing to pause and ask questions for understanding and proofs of learning (eg worksheets, exit tickets), then to be observed and asked why they are watching a video instead of [insert whatever here]. Administratively, one can get fired for not doing things the "right" way. Personally, I would prefer watching this, replacing elementary and middle school with daycares of open play and learning video rooms (ages 4-14), with older students helping younger. High school (ages 15-18) would be the actual university where students choose the degree that interests them.

[@stevetyrell8721]

This made me cry. I realize now I don't matter in the slightest.

[@Numbahz]

I really enjoy watching documentaries like this during the daytime

[@DavidFMayerPhD]

"Faint, young Sun paradox" ignores the outward migration of Earth's orbit due to several causes. 1. Sun loses mass over time because of 1.1 As mass is converted into energy in the Sun's core, the Sun becomes lighter, and therefore holds Earth (and the other planets) less strongly. 1.2 This mass is transferred to deep space by light and solar wind of particles. 2. Light pressure on Earth pushes it slowly outward. 3. Mass ejection from the Sun is intercepted by Earth's magnetosphere whose colossal size acts to greatly increase the Earth's effective cross section to solar wind. 4. Venus transfers some of its orbital angular momentum and energy to Earth by gravitational interaction. This outward migration of Earth acts to counteract the gradually increasing luminosity of the Sun, keeping influx of solar energy close to constant.

[@alexpearson8481]

Thank you. What a wealth of understanding you packed into just a few words. I’m a science nut, loads of aptitude but only a little ‘official’ education. The big question for me is what supports a black holes structure? Matter is converted to the warped space time, so the singularly is just a terminus. (As far as we know but it seems reasonable). Spacetime settles down after a gravitational wave disturbance, and a black hole is a soliton. But why doesn’t the warped space time just snap back into place......? What’s the structure? I can never seem to find an answer.

[@SH-kn7ut]

Our sun is in what is known as the "main sequence." It is currently fusing hydrogen into helium and it's output is constant. There was no "ramping up" of the sun when it was already 2 billion years old. The suns' output remains for all practical purposes, absolutely constant. And it will remain constant until it leaves its main sequence...which is still not for billions of years yet. The author of this video clearly knows nothing about elementary Astrophysics. Most Climate Change so-called, scientists don't know the science either...

[@53Aquilae]

I digress. The mass loss from fusion is infinitesimal as less than a percent of the mass is lost, and most of that energy is reabsorbed by the star itself. Solar wind is not strong enough to counteract earth's inertia. If it was, the earth's orbit would be perfectly spherical, wouldn't it. It's density of 7 particles/cm3 is telling. Planets don't generally migrate once they hit resonance or stable orbits. The jovian moons are an example I recommend the nice model. Seems that the gas giants have had a big hand in shaping the solar system.

[@53Aquilae]

@@SH-kn7ut Actually the sun is getting hotter. As helium gets accumulated in the core, the core shrinks and temperature rises.

[@SH-kn7ut]

@@53Aquilae No, it's not getting hotter. It's still in its main sequence. There will be small variations in the Sun's output, but these are far too brief (merely thousands of years at a time) to support the absurd beliefs of the Climate Change Loons. The Climate Change Faithful are forced to make absurd claims in an attempt to preserve their anti-capitalist/freedom, Climate Change Religion. They will do and say anything to impose their world view on the rest of humanity...it's not really about the Earth's Climate nor the environment...it's about controlling everyone and forcing them to live by the Progressive-Marxist world view...Unfortunately, Communism and Socialism only works for Bees and Ants...it doesn't work for people, and it never will.

[@victorcontreras9138]

Very, very interesting! It's good to know what this world was like very long ago. Am enthusiastically watching the rest of these series and learning a lot. Where I usually liked to watch car videos, now I'm glued these factual videos of planet history.

[@robertwhite1810]

You do such amazing work. Thank you!

[@NicWalker627]

Dinner and a History of the Earth video. Every night this week. I love this channel!

[@relaxforest-realmiraclesan8644]

Thank you for this wonderful video! I find that heavy rain and loud thunder coupled with flashes of lightning can evoke a certain romantic and soothing feeling in me. I have also been recording rain videos to help people to relax and sleep as well as producing videos to bring wealth to the listeners. I find such activities very meaningful even though they are very time-consuming as well as costly. I had to buy a good sound recorder and also a good video recorder. But at the end, when my supporters tell me they like my productions, it’s all worth it!

[@shadowsamboyo1355]

Thunder and rain is scary af why y'all girls think that is peaceful

[@duneydan7993]

15:50 Ouch! Breaking the slide with the microscope lense😰

[@bgaona]

Good catch!

[@duneydan7993]

@@bgaona when I saw it I remembered My lab teacher taking a slide in front of the class and breaking it in 2 with his hands. *Tak* "If I hear that sound once! You better run fast!" That guy was build like a bear. The best teacher I ever had

[@bgaona]

@@duneydan7993 I like this bear guy. Thanks for the anecdote! 🙂🙂

[@migranthawker2952]

You mean lens!!! (there's no "e" on the end)

[@r1christian308]

I knew someone made this comment!

[@mariomillon]

This documentary along with this channel are simply top shelf! I love it!

[@piersnightingale]

Fascinating, this is a cut above. Great soundtrack too!

[@robertjennings7282]

I have two issues with this video: *(1) No mention of the moon.* The moon was much closer to the Earth, so much so that tides would have been measured in miles instead of feet. *(2) The Earth was spinning much faster.* Days were 12 hours instead of 24, causing hurricane-force winds to constantly blow everywhere for billions of years. It would have been a white knuckle ride, to put it mildly. Otherwise, a very well-done and informative video.

[@shaynefowley5689]

That’s the solution to answer the young, faint sun paradox. The long-wave infrared radiation does escape into the cold, infinite space. You answered the reason why the Earth remained warmer then - shorter days. This program ignore the adiabatic process as well.

[@UteChewb]

Do you have a link for those values. I calculate that roughly the extra acceleration due to the moon at 52 Earth radii (based on a paper I found for the distance 2.5 gya) means that due to the dependence on the cube of the distance then the average pull would be about 1.5 times stronger, ie 50%. Higher yes, but not 'miles'. As for length of day, yes, that seems right, as for the effects, well it would depend on the temperature differences, but the Coriolis effect would be very nasty for any storms that got going.

[@VehementGrim]

15:53 the slide breaks on the microscope when the change the magnification.

[@BILLYLTD1408]

Very improper technique lol

[@paulpower5028]

i searched for this comment.

[@JB-db4gf]

Phenomenal. A succinct examination of the origins of life on Earth. Well done!

[@xzero96]

This really helped with my school Research and was also very relaxing ty!

[@Alexa-pt7fv]

How tf do they know all these things I can't even remember what I had for breakfast two days ago.

[@Dimitri88888888]

Science

[@mosquitobight]

Things like the oxygenation of the oceans leave behind more evidence than your breakfast

[@Alexa-pt7fv]

@@mosquitobight okurrt.

[@reichfuhrer1942]

All the evidence and information are in the rocks.

[@MrJBK99]

Great book where Bill Bryson asks that exact same question: A Short History of Nearly Everything

[@enobuu4638]

Nice

[@charlesseymour1482]

What a great video. Edge of my seat waiting for the next story line all throughout the video.

[@deanbuss1678]

Well worth the wait Pete Kelly. Thanks 😊👍