What Were the 1st and 2nd Reichs?

We've all heard of the third, but what were the first and second reichs in German history? In this video, we explain that, and more.
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Music by Kevin MacLeod. Available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.
Songs:
"Angevin"
"Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 in G, Movement I (Allegro), BWV 1049 [orig. by JS Bach]"
Picture sources:
By Bundesarchiv, Bild 183-L05487 / CC-BY-SA 3.0, CC BY-SA 3.0 de, commons.wikime...
By en:User:52 Pickup - Based on map data of the IEG-Maps project (Andreas Kunz, B. Johnen and Joachim Robert Moeschl: University of Mainz) - www.ieg-maps.uni-mainz.de., CC BY-SA 2.5, commons.wikime...
By Pedelecs by Wikivoyage and Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikime...
By Drrcs15 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikime...
By David Liuzzo, eagle by N3MO - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikime...
By Robert Alfers, kgberger - Source of Information: Putzger - Historischer Weltatlas, 89. Auflage, 1965; Westermanns Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte, 1969; Haacks geographischer Atlas. VEB Hermann Haack Geographisch-Kartographische Anstalt, Gotha/Leipzig, 1. Auflage, 1979; dtv-Atlas zur Weltgeschichte Band 1: Von den Anfängen bis zur Französischen Revolution; 23. Aufl. 1989, ISBN 3-423-03002-X, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikime...
By ziegelbrenner (talk • contribs) - Own work, source of Information: Putzger - Historischer Weltatlas, 89. Auflage, 1965, CC BY 2.5, commons.wikime...
By Alexander Altenhof - Own work. Source of Information:- Map "L'apogée de l'Empire Français (avant la campagne de Russie)" (Author unknown)(Link)- Dr. Walter Leiserung (ed.): Historischer Weltatlas, Marix Verlag, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 978-3-937715-59-9- Zentralinstitut für Geschichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR (ed.): Atlas zur Geschichte, Band 1, VEB Hermann Haack, Gotha 1989, ISBN 3-7301-0040-8- Prof. Dr. Vadim Oswalt, Prof. Dr. Hans Ulrich Rudolf (ed.): Klett-Perthes Atlas zur Weltgeschichte, Ernst Klett Verlag, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-12-828194-0- Ferenc Majoros u. Bernd Rill: Das Osmanische Reich 1300-1922. Die Geschichte einer Großmacht, Lzenzausgabe für Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 2000, ISBN 3-8289-0336-3, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikime...
By ziegelbrenner - Own work drawing/Source of Information: Putzger - Historischer Weltatlas, 89. Auflage, 1965; Westermanns Großer Atlas zuur Weltgeschichte, 1969; Haacks geographischer Atlas. VEB Hermann Haack Geographisch-Kartographische Anstalt, Gotha/Leipzig, 1. Auflage, 1979., CC BY 2.5, commons.wikime...
By Blank_map_of_Europe.svg: maix¿?derivative work: Alphathon /'æɫfə.θɒn/ (talk) - This file was derived from: Blank map of Europe.svg:, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikime...
By Ziegelbrenner - own drawing/Source of Information: Putzger - Historischer Weltatlas, 89. Auflage, 1965; Westermanns Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte, 1969; Haacks geographischer Atlas. VEB Hermann Haack Geographisch-Kartographische Anstalt, Gotha/Leipzig, 1. Auflage, 1979; dtv-Atlas zur Weltgeschichte Band 1: Von den Anfängen bis zur Französischen Revolution; 23. Aufl. 1989, ISBN 3-423-03002-X, CC BY 2.5, commons.wikime...
By Elevatorrailfan - This vector image includes elements that have been taken or adapted from this: Location European nation states.svg., CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...

[@Fireoflearning]

First: I apologize for the quiet audio, it's generally better, but I discovered some microphone issues I am now fixing. Second: It is a common misconception that the First Reich was the Roman Empire, and that the Second Reich was, as I've heard, anything from Napoleon to The Ottomans. Here are some sources for further reading on the subject. 1. www.britannica.com/story/why-was-nazi-germany-called-the-third-reich 2. www.axishistory.com/various/125-germany-unsorted/germany-unsorted/4865-the-first-a-second-reich 3. thirdreichhitler.weebly.com/1st-and-2nd-reich.html

[@LamiNalchor]

​@Verydog gaming It still doesn't make much sense to call the Franks Proto-French.

[@LamiNalchor]

@Michael Anthony There can be no founding in reality here. The 3rd Reich were refering to the thousand year Reich just like they were planing to create another. Thus it began with Charlemane. Although realisticly it began later with the Saxon Otto.

[@LamiNalchor]

@Michael Anthony Alright, I understand. Although the 2nd Reich technically was still only formed in 1871. However, I haven't heard the specific propaganda about this.

[@LamiNalchor]

@Michael Anthony That is true.

[@gg_rider]

Around 4 min, mini states, this is Kraut's description of the past and current problem of the state of India and somewhat on the conglomeration of Pakistan.

[@MikaelNevear]

FIrst reich: "Haha nOt evEn a rEal eMpiRe" *Lasts 1000 years* Second reich: doesn't hit 50 years Third reich: doesn't even last 25

[@Raddyk12]

The fifth is now the European union

[@danielevans5286]

jarrad thompson oooo so edgy...

[@collincaperton6718]

thompsonThompson ah yes the scary 5th teich so scary it skipped the 4th

[@joellaz9836]

Mikael Nevear The third Reich only lasted 12 years actually.

[@sbevebren1642]

@@joellaz9836 it said it didnt even LAST TWENTY FIVE YEARS not SURVIVED TWENTY FIVE YEARS

[@Хајдук1]

I think i Got a stroke when i saw how the 2nd German empire was drawn

[@PrussianJaeger]

same

[@Fireoflearning]

Yknow it didnt look that bad at first for some reason lol

[@hcrdfju4954]

?

[@hcrdfju4954]

8:35 lol

[@Tappettava]

Well if you would draw it without any references its pretty good. Then again would have been better to check out some accurate map online and do it properly for the video.

[@jojothermidor]

List of German Reichs: *This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.*

[@Gr3nadgr3gory]

California Über Alles!

[@jeremyrich123]

Ouch.

[@FabFunty]

@@Gr3nadgr3gory Über Alles Caahaalifornia ✊🏼

[@not-a-theist8251]

@@Gr3nadgr3gory wenn es stehts zum Schutz und Trutze

[@Gr3nadgr3gory]

@@not-a-theist8251 my German Is a little rusty, could you please translate? (God I wish my teacher wasnt a year from retirement when she taught me jack shit)

[@kiddankula5480]

1st, holy roman empire. 2nd, Deutsche Reich of 1871-1918 3rd, idk what happened to them. They must be having fun in south america

[@hansgrueber8169]

Yes, they started the first Brazilian wax booth in Rio back in the day...

[@ciaranryan8194]

The 4th Reich is the EU

[@gamermapper]

@@ciaranryan8194 no it's murica look at all nazi groups

[@johnnywalker1333]

@@ciaranryan8194 well except it is not serving the german, nor european interests.

[@ciaranryan8194]

@@johnnywalker1333 satire

[@ralphwallace2223]

This guy understands how to do a historical presentation and includes a summarization at the end putting an excellent recap to the whole historical presentation. Great job.

[@silas__3994]

You're the first other person I've seen who actually addresses the fact that Voltaires quote was in the 18th century. That meaning that his quote was relevant only in the later half of the HREs existence.

[@SimoLInk1698]

Ikr, it's kinda dumb when people use a quote from the 18th century to describe something that lasted...well it lasted a lot.

[@herrwagnerianer1739]

And he didn't elaborate extensively about the thought. This sentence is only a short sidenote in a paragraph where he talks about the degradation of both medieval French and German power. Another Frenchman, Montesquieu, had called the Empire "la République fédérative d'Allemagne", and he meant that as a compliment, thus praising the decentralised nature of imperial government. This is never quoted, though.

[@theworldoverheavan560]

yep

[@alonzoaguilar-vazquez5218]

However that being said it still wasn't holy or roman and barely an empire

[@Apokalypse456]

@@alonzoaguilar-vazquez5218 being crowned by the pope made it holy, the lands of Northern italy made it roman.

[@azardocarvalho3447]

This is a bit out of mein kampfort zone

[@EduardoHernandez-ob5bz]

The Mein doesn't really work, but I'll take it.

[@gabor7524]

Emmanueeelote why does it not work....

[@theworldoverheavan560]

@@ChrisMathers3501 lol

[@1973Washu]

I did Nazi that pun coming...

[@dukethekiddjr.russell8831]

Why I Otto

[@historyrhymes1701]

Thank you for the generous shoutout :D. Many people do get confused with ,which were the 1st and 2nd reichs. Aaaand then even more confused after learning what a feudal mess the H.R.E was.

[@beastieman4207]

omg didn't expect u here great content u have👍

[@edgargarred4319]

haven't heard of you before but thx bulgarian empire mapping!

[@thehellyousay]

Only if they're not students of both human history and human stupidity.

[@thehellyousay]

@@StimulusShortsYT how could you be fucking anything, eunuch?

[@topman8565]

I thought it was the German empires or the Roman empire

[@OhUiginn]

The H.R.E existed almost 1000 years. A very long time for something that was allegedly a complete mess.

[@gingataisen]

Well at the very least, it was complete.

[@bilguunsuvargakhairkhan5533]

It was a mess, however it was a largely powerful mess. Inner wars happened frequently, with the most famous being the 30 years war. The only reason why it didn't break apart or have a civil war is kind of Because it was a mess. There were too many small states, where they to break out, they would be at risk of being annexed by another state in which they would have less autonomy. The larger nations stayed because they wanted more power in the empire. However, that is not to say that there were no seperations. East Frisia broke out pretty early on, almost the entirety of Northern Italy broke out in the late 1400s. Netherlands broke out after the 30 years war. and many, many others. It had Emperors that were Kings of foreign nations, the Emperor himself fought his own subjects on multiple occasions, even in the 1700s, such as the seven years war that was mentioned. The Princes within the Empire had the power to declare their own wars Outside of the State, such as Prussia, even though an Elector of the Empire, annexed large parts of Poland on its own. The only reason why it survived was because there was not much of a reason to dismantle it until Napoleon came and overpowered all of the HRE.

[@smithsmitherson]

@@bilguunsuvargakhairkhan5533 The main reason it didn't break, was the balance of power between high nobility like dukes and arch bishops against free Reichsstädte (Reichstown) and free Reichsritter (Reichsknight) on the other side. When the nobility didn't like the emperor he got backup by the free Reichselements of HRE, same when the towns tried to revolt, the high nobility would support the emperor. So it was much better balanced, then most people think.

[@fisebilillah4406]

It was a mess, it's age has nothing to do with it's administration. It was just powerful, because the greedy nobles would forget their feuds every time someone attacked them.

[@Siegbert85]

It wasn't a mess. It just wasn't a unitary state. By the end of the empire it was a union of states that was meant to bring stability within and could defend itself. And it did on various occasions.

[@TonyAA33]

Finally a good KZbin recommendation 👌

[@ChrisHolman]

I'll be Reich back, gotta eat.

[@tombkings6279]

Nice

[@tombkings6279]

What were you eating thought?

[@panzerofthelake506]

@@tombkings6279 Grape Jews Plushie

[@ducklinguini6029]

*slow clap*

[@jannikmuller5195]

*gotta go east

[@AlexS-oj8qf]

The positive side of Holy Roman Empire is that the development of Central Europe is very well distributed. There is no one big capital city but many moderate sized towns and cities. Look at France, Britain, Italy, Russia, Scandinavia or Spain, they have a very centralized urban centre and farms and forrest inbetween large cities. Germany is more like a Urban sprawl developing together which makes a lot of German city well developed and there is little to none advantage of living in Berlin compared to smaller city such as Hanover.

[@fakshen1973]

Reich One: We made it 1,000 years. Reich Two: We really didn't do so well. Reich Three: Hold My Beer.

[@visionop8]

Reich Four: Rise of...Rising? Is Michael Bay behind this?

[@sriharshacv7760]

That is why they probably stopped calling it 'Reich'

[@francesrude3007]

@@sriharshacv7760 *ASCHENAZI

[@AzraelAngel945]

Reich Four: “Ha I don’t exist yet lol.”

[@miguelcastaneda7236]

@@visionop8 well technically our last adminstration was all of german decent so would have been fourth.hmm four years

[@sriharshacv7760]

Confederation of Rhine: exists Germans: We like it

[@jbcheema9883]

That was a puppet state of napolean's occupied german states.

[@Mokujo]

Watching this before KZbin takes it down for having historical facts in it

[@Mokujo]

@@justintyler4693 this aint it chief

[@hellokittybebop]

This whole post ain't it chief

[@Bienenwolff]

Are you referring to Crowder spouting unscientific nonsense and KZbin removing the reaction videos,which are getting the facts straight?

[@odw32]

@@justintyler4693 I don't think KZbin should do too much about anything. Of course take down illegal content like terrorist calls to violence, child abuse, etc -- but all other things? I think it's ridiculous to take down anything educational or opinionated. Give viewers more flagging options, if a history video is overly biased, just add a 5-second screen to the start of the video explaining that the video might not be factual. A chemistry video which involves a dangerous procedure? Add a warning, mark it as 18+, but don't demonitize or remove it.

[@gunzmith29r]

@Carmicha3l hitler difinately hated the communists worse then jews or gypsies since he got rid of them(commies) first. and then wasted his army invading the soviet union.....instead of taking england first.....

[@o-kay368]

Another great video. The music was a nice touch :)

[@gard86]

Bach

[@kevinalvarado1000]

Awesome video! I watched your documentary on Germany a few months ago, and it was great. Germany and it's history are so intriguing.

[@Appl3Kid]

Pinkie pie

[@kevinalvarado1000]

@@Appl3Kid Hi there. 😁

[@FlosBlog]

Those little states were called "Kleinstaaten" - meining small states. "Kleinstaaterei" means the praxis of having them.

[@rudolfkraffzick642]

Kleinstaaterei means an extremely limited political horizon, except Prussia and Austria-Hungary. Kleinstaaterei allowed the European powers to fight on central European land for superiority - until Bismarck united Germany. This second empire became too fast too powerful. If the USA hadn't enter World War I the Reich would have won. So after World War ll it was completely destroyed by the allies and divided into West Germany, East Germany and Austria. Additionally loss of all territories east of the Oder River.

[@SimplyLimbo]

Im dutch, and you did a great job. Loved the illustrations, and you chose the right maps. Even the first one "germania", is the right one ( they often take the wrong one, which dont include certain borderareas)

[@sambaseck73]

8:37 Ow that drawing hurts!

[@ianjohnson171]

Excellent video. That's a question I never really thought of, and you explained it very well.

[@noahjohnson935]

I'm happy to see a video explaining the Reichs very well. Whenever I try to explain it ny friends look at me like I'm nuts

[@not-a-theist8251]

Why do they look at you like that though haha?

[@TSmith-yy3cc]

Great, succinct video with a great presentation; thanks for your work!

[@erenyeager3829]

HRE: First Reich German Empire: Second Reich There simple answer

[@Raddyk12]

Yes

[@bubbykins4864]

I'd actually call the first the North German Confederation, because a German anything didn't exist in HRE days. The German identity didn't exist back in HRE times.

[@Shifty_]

Bubby Kins I mean yea sure but nationalists were revising history left and right in the Third Reich. Never let facts get in the way of some good propaganda.

[@bubbykins4864]

@@Shifty_ It's not holy, nor Roman, nor an empire, so it can't really be called a Reich, unless you count the Federal Republic as the Fourth Reich.

[@danieljeong7357]

@@bubbykins4864 first of all it was most certainly Holy, originally for the first couple emperors the coronation was conducted by the Pope himself and was officially the guarantor of the western catholic church and the papal state(according to the diploma ottonianum). Secondly it was not only an empire but 'the empire'. Empire didn't simply mean a title for any powerful state or kingdom(with which many countries fashioned themselves much later) but was seen as the official lineage from the Roman Empire(the Empire) approved by the pope of the roman catholic church. That's why in most official documents the HRE(like the Roman empire) is referred simply to as 'Imperium' without prefixes in an overwhelming majority of cases and only very rarely as 'Sacrum Imperium Romanum'. The political system or its organization(or rather the lack there of) plays no rule in its title 'imperium'. Infact, by the original definition of the imperium, the HRE was the last legitimate empire. Lastly, although it's probably redundant the 'Roman' portion of the title was not meant as an indication of an ethnicity(which would be absurd to begin with) but again of it being recognized as the successor of the Roman empire. I know it's easy to just quote a cheap one liner from an 18th century pro-prussian liberal instead of doing any real research but that's really just lazy.

[@williamsherman2374]

Hey thank you very much for the informative video, I've wondered this question many times in my life but to lazy to do the research myself. Thanks again.

[@shua_the_great]

"Yea, kind of confusing" Politics is always confusing.

[@herrwagnerianer1739]

While it's still a good video, I'd like to once again point out that the Holy Roman Empire is unfairly treated. You just repeat history as it was taught in the 19th and early 20th century where the Empire was belittled because of its political nature. Newer research, however, actually sees it in a much more positive light. The Empire was regarded as a state by its contemporaries, and it had several institutions that worked fairly well, such as the imperial courts where every German had the right to even sue their own princes. The fact that the Empire wasn't ruled in a dictatorial fashion by the emperor all on his own, but by the Imperial Diet, an assembly of all the estates that made up the Empire, wasn't and isn't a negative thing. The 18th-century author Johann Jakob Moser, who wrote intensively about the constitutional nature of the Empire, is famous for saying: "Germany is governed the German way."

[@chase55431]

Was it like a medieval European Union? both practically a state and also made up of states with a lot of autonomy?

[@bernjoernvanhoeck5883]

@@chase55431 quite right, but the HRE wasn´t effecitve in defense of its territory and was dominated over centuries by the Habsburg (Austrian rulers and Emperors from the early modern periode), which lead to constant rivaliers with the other nations, but still good comparison.

[@herrwagnerianer1739]

@@chase55431 Some people do compare it to the EU, and to a certain degree, this may be right, but I personally don't like the comparison. For once, the power dynamics between the EU and its member states on the one side and the Empire and its estates on the other is different in origin. The EU still is a federation of sovereign states. It has assembled a lot of power, but this power stems from the states, which existed before the Union, created it in the first place and then voluntarily gave some rights to it. As for the HRE, it was the Empire itself that was sovereign and that created its states and bestowed power upon them. And the states never questioned the fact that they themselves were not sovereign but only drew their power from the Empire. (In short: The EU was created by its member states, which voluntarily give power to it. The Empire created its states and (more or less voluntarily) gave power to them.) To a certain degree, you can compare both, though, if it helps you understand the political nature of the HRE.

[@metal87power]

Germany flourished at the time of its decentralization and fell under following dictatorships.

[@metal87power]

@@herrwagnerianer1739 The empire created nothing. Those sovereign states came up spontaneously after the empire's political structures got weakened.

[@Spitfire515O]

Interesting topic and well conveyed. I found using the term Protestant was slightly curious [in reference to the tenth century] but fair enough in the context. Thanks for taking the time.

[@not-a-theist8251]

Did he use it in the context of the 10th century though?

[@chuckcalkins5546]

Amazing video!

[@Reason1717]

What a sound and crafted video. Loved it. I am on board.

[@untruelie2640]

Fun Fact: Since the german word "Reich" doesn't necessarily refer to a monarchy (It can also mean "realm" in a more general sense), the name "Deutsches Reich" (German Empire/Reich) was still used after the abolition of the monarchies in 1918. The "Weimar Republic" is an anachronistic term coined by historians, much like the "Byzantine Empire" (which it's inhabitants only knew as the Roman Empire). In 1919, the constitutional assembly was held in the small town of Weimar since Berlin (the capital) was considered to be too unsafe - there was a communist uprising, with street fighting an everything. So the government chose the city of Goethe and Schiller, the home of "Weimar Classicism" as the place for the meeting.

[@Wallyworld30]

Great video! I loved seeing the 1st Reich map directly compared to the 2nd. Great info.

[@stevenmetzger3385]

Thanks!!! I am Swiss/German, & always like to know more history!

[@taraevasophea7743]

Was the history taught in your country, matches w what u know now? 🤔🤔🤔🤔😊😊😊

[@VulgarMenace96]

5:16 "Our Blade's are Sharp"

[@INXSFan33]

Where my Civ 4 players at?

[@Evangeline-V1]

I like how you told the important periods and explained what they were like.

[@powdermonkey7697]

When you destroy the roman empire only to pretend you were the Roman empire all along. HOHOHOHOHOHO.

[@Astuga]

Ok, nice Joke... But actually they neither destroyed the Roman Empire nor did they pretend to be THE Roman Empire (hence the different name btw.). It`s a complex matter, but look at it that way - even the actual Roman Empire often times consisted of different parts and had different ruling authorities (this was already true fe. with the early Triumvirat to which Ceasar belonged). And with Christianity as an aspect of official state hegemony it even did get more complicated. There certainly was a continuity regarding that the Bishop of Rome (the Latin or Catholic Pope) was the one that gave the Kaiser or Emperor its legitimacy. And before that it was the Byzantine Emperor who gave to some degree the German Kings their legitimacy. Sometimes they even intermarried.

[@wolfsoldner9029]

@Basil II of Macedon the Vardaskan slayer hahahaha no

[@wolfsoldner9029]

@Basil II of Macedon the Vardaskan slayer You know nothing. You are just a frustrated ultranationalistic Greek.

[@chaowingchinghongfingshong3109]

@Basil II of Macedon the Vardaskan slayer For a british person, your english sucks Also, just for shits and giggles. The FYROM is the only true greek state and Alexander the great was a slav

[@Astuga]

@Basil II of Macedon the Vardaskan slayer Do Greeks actually exist today? I mean as an ethnic group, some say they are just a mixture of Slavic and Turkish peoples.

[@juanfp12]

Love your channel man! I would really like to see one of your hour-long videos about the history of Spain. It has a very rich and interesting history in my opinion.

[@at1god1]

Gonna make a generic comment, but this was genuinely interesting! Thanks for this vid

[@cwinowich]

Germany has such a great history. And the HRE was very powerful

[@Siegbert85]

At times it certainly was. People like to look at the HRE post 30 years war when it was just a shell of its former self. Look at it during the 11th century when the Salians ruled. There wasn't a single European power aside from the Byzantine Empire who could rival it.

[@whailingwhale6352]

The next episode: The 4th Reich

[@MinesomeMC]

Some consider modern Germany and its grasp on the European Union as the fourth Reich but eh

[@immaculatesquid]

@@MinesomeMC I mean Munich governs the european economy and many other laws.

[@MinesomeMC]

@@immaculatesquid and Berlin in other areas. Which shows how influential Germany is

[@SedatKPunkt]

Sehr gut erzählt, Zusammenhänge prägnant erklärt und ein kompletes Bild geschaffen, das auch Österreich und seine Rolle klargemacht hat. I like it a lot. Interesting to hear it from a voice and perspective outside of Germany.

[@ChrisHolman]

I've asked this question many times

[@Vincent-396]

Very thorough, educational, and interesting. Thank you. 👍🏻

[@marafolse8347]

Fascinating look at this! Thanks for teaching

[@nafrelussonofthelion4972]

I love your pronounciation of German words. It's so great :).

[@st4ne4rmthevill63]

The H.R.E is my favorite faction from vanilla Medieval Total War II.

[@aydrianna22]

I love that 10 hour track of medieval music video on KZbin. It's so serene and calming, perfect for reading. I love hearing it in the background of videos like these.

[@LegItLouis]

Couldn't tell you how many times I've wondered about this! I never would have thought it goes back millennia. Have you ever thought about looking into and making a video on the Reconquista?

[@nsk370]

I thought it was quite obvious actually.

[@FelipeMartins14]

AMAAAAAAZING VIDEO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! The content is great, you explain very well and, man, music in the background is perfect, you give rythm in the videos doing that. A silence video, only with talking become boring easily. Congratulations for the channel, you're awesome!

[@veruspatri]

Thank you, it was a very informative video.

[@TheSomsom3]

Great little documentary. Clear and straightforward. Thank you!

[@OneGeekStudios]

"It's really just Germany, don't worry about it" 3:22

[@canyounot2102]

ItsThiefy // history of the world... I guess??

[@plusxz821]

My favorite german state: Milan

[@101325]

Thank you. Informative and educational and also entertaining.

[@patriotsrebelsrogues7332]

thank you i have been asking this question of people since i was 9.

[@not-a-theist8251]

How old are you now and why did you never googled it? I mean don't get me wrong that absolutely a good question

[@patriotsrebelsrogues7332]

@@not-a-theist8251 39 and it honestly wasn't a nagging question i needed answered right now ya know. kinda like why are millennials all crazy commie brats.

[@lordishimura5203]

Well explained and presented,just Subscribed!

[@apoth90]

"Fire of Learning" *first have to turn up volume to hear orator

[@jefftube58]

Great video. There aren't that many sources for understanding what the first and second reichs were, so I very much appreciate this video.

[@idk1848]

Interesting video, nice job

[@44hawk28]

You forgot the 4th Reich, we call that the European union now.

[@soundofeighthooves]

dude the EU is communist

[@44hawk28]

@@soundofeighthooves are you trying to say that they're not Nazis. Nazis are socialists Communists and socialists is two different words for the same thing. Nazis were left-wing socialist. There was nothing right-wing about them. The word is even in their name, the national socialists.

[@soundofeighthooves]

@@44hawk28 get the thump out of your ass

[@paul8158]

Reich!? HOW DARE YOU! :-) We Germans starting to get pretty much fed up with this communist bureaucrats bastards-assembly called the EU.

[@JerseyDevilBM]

Thanks for this informative presentation. It was a question I had never asked but frankly should have!

[@ghola82]

I knew what the first one was but wondering about the 2nd. Just like last night! Get out of my head!

[@robertharris6092]

Ya gotta learn about the best reich.

[@matthewbennett8964]

Terrific work. Thank you

[@not-a-theist8251]

I think it's important to know that the HRE and the German Empire have neither historically nor currently been called 1st and 2nd Reich.

[@stirbjoernwesterhever6223]

I think only the Nazis called the 1st and 2nd to gain historical credibility

[@-blackspell-2062]

But on the other hand the HRE was and still is called „das alte Reich“ (the old empire), so the term 1st Reich isn’t that far fetched

[@bingo1232]

THANKS for the clarity.

[@senatuspopulusqueromanus9496]

8:36 I feel kinda sick

[@HVLLOWS1999]

Its beautiful

[@senatuspopulusqueromanus9496]

Ye but the map of Germany is kinda weird

[@HVLLOWS1999]

@@senatuspopulusqueromanus9496 i know i could tell it's Germany though so at least their that, and I've seen worse.

[@Mr2at]

I never knew that. Great vid. Thank you.

[@lothara.schmal5092]

I do hope the German Empire comes back in some form one day

[@Donovan_Berserk]

What do you think?

[@amandeepv]

Thank you for this great learning opportunity

[@tonyhawk94]

Thanks finaly people can get how much French and German history is intertwined. :)

[@RobotDCLXVI]

Yeah, people that aren't French or German are always surprised. My Grandma is from eastern France I'm sure her father being at least part German saved her family during the war.

[@t6amygdala]

Found this video in my recommended. Subbed.

[@madchessLeviathan]

bugger thought the 1st was under charles martel, the second the HRE well learned something

[@blackwidowsm]

madchessLeviathan charlamagne was Charles martels son who had a greater vision of uniting what today is Spain Italy France Germany into the Holy Roman Empire. He took a lot of Roman laws and civilization back into the HRE and it was a force in the first 1/3 of its life. 2/3 still hitting but not so feared. Last third it was dying like all civilizations eventually do when not infused with new innovations in their economy, moral was low, they were quite easily defeated by napoleons forces. As such. As accurate as I remember when I wrote my term paper on the hre.

[@robertschlesinger1342]

Excellent overview of the first two Reichs.

[@jhk6558]

the holy roman really wasn't an empire, not in the sense that we traditionally think of empires anyway. it was always a collection of kingdoms and free cities with their rulers and forms of government. The emperor had limited power over the empire's constituent states which were highly autonomous.

[@Siegbert85]

Depends on the time. During much of the middle ages it was a feudal kingdom not unlike France. The king/emperor had traditional royal rights going back to the days of the Franks and theoretically held power over all of the empire's territory which can be seen in the fact that each time a king was crowned he would confirm the lord of a specific fief as legitimate and under certain circumstances could strip the fiefs of their vassals and assign them to other more loyal lords. That's more powerful than can be said for the French kings during the 10th and 11th century for instance.

[@InvertedGigachad]

Loved this video, it basically retells everything that I've learned in my advanced history lessons in Germany. Plus, I've learned something about the time before Napoleon completely reorganized the german states.

[@Locomotion-uz4ly]

The Germans colloqually call the Holy Roman Empire a Flickenteppich, which translates as patchwork carpet.

[@LunaBari]

What an apt term for that.

[@JRobbySh]

So it was from 1648 until 1806. The Confederation was based on Napoleon’s rationalization of Germany,.Fasting from 1815 to 1866, it was a kind of Duarchy of Austria and Prussia, with Austria having the place of Pride.

[@Sheboobellach]

An informative and well put together video!

[@jameskenny8821]

An entire doc without mentioning Nazis, well done!

[@bigchief8017]

He literally name drops the Nazi party in the 1st 15 seconds of the video. Unfortunate that he’s doesn’t understand that a “Nazi” party never existed. I hope someday people start referring to them correctly as the NSDAP.

[@bigchief8017]

Jude Lind, That’s why there is a need, because it is not synonymous with the party. The word was created by the media to insult the white race, it is a racial slur. It means Red Neck Buffoon. All these years later and the word is a testament to the power of media influence on cultural perversion.

[@bigchief8017]

Jude Lind, P.S. I’m impressed with your vocabulary, and at the same time, I’m disappointed that you don’t understand the definitions of the word you regurgitate. Although, it’s really not your fault, but you’re just another victim of the propaganda.

[@bigchief8017]

Jude Lind, Well aren’t we righteous when it comes to being a know-it-all. You had better research the origins of the word in question before you decide to declare your ignorance for everyone to witness.

[@bigchief8017]

Jude Lind, Just except the fact that you embody the very definition of the word “brainwashed”. How righteously you defend your programmed mindset. It’s so sad really, because there are hundreds of millions more just like you.

[@GVSolo]

Great video. Really enjoyed it.

[@peterv2599]

The legitimate successor or Roman Empire at the time Charlemagne was crowded by the pope was the eastern Roman empire

[@LuisAldamiz]

There was no "legitimate" anything re. the Roman Empire. Romans knew well that "might makes right" and thus for most of its existence the Roman Empire was the colonial empire of Italy (originally of Rome but Italians got nasty with the Social War and a compromise was made). Since Caracalla that was not anymore but the definitve rupture with the traditional Roman Empire centered in Italy was made by Diocletian, the Emperor who hated Rome (he almost died of disgust after visiting the city, a city where they treated him almost just as any another citizen, and then he retired to grow cabbages, leaving the Empire in a total mess it would never recover from). So since Diocletian Rome was no more (not in the traditional sense) and the Latin West was heavily neglected. No wonder Westerners decided that the "Emperor" of Constantinople was not anymore a valid emperor for them and chose another one, one who had demonstrated to have the qualities for it, because in Rome "might makes right".

[@ryan7864]

@@LuisAldamiz Eh...kinda true...the vast majority of Roman Emperors were not from Rome, particularly in the 3rd Century onward. By the 1st Century AD, to be "Roman" meant you had citizenship, not that you were from Rome necessarily. I would also argue Diocletian did not leave the Empire in a mess, he actually stabilized it after the decades of Chaos from 235-284 AD.

[@ryan7864]

In a sense yes, however, by the time of Charlemagne the Eastern Roman Empire had morphed to an Empire of the Greeks as some in the West called it. The bottomline...everyone was fighting for the moniker of the Roman Empire.

[@LuisAldamiz]

@@ryan7864 - Until Caracalla they were all Italians or of Italian descent. After Caracalla, the "barbarians" or "provincials" like Maximinus Thrax took over (intermittently). But IMO the most dire blow to the Empire was made by Diocletian, who, being another "barbarian" (provincial), had no love for Rome or Italy at all. He was the one who moved the capital to Greece (senso extenso of the term) and began partitioning the Empire into pieces. The 3rd century, especially the late 3rd century (i.e. not so much the so-called "crisis of the 3rd century" but the so-called "solution to the crisis" by orientalizing Diocletian) was the beginning of the end of Rome. Dio left the Empire in such a mess that he was recalled after his retirement to put it back in order, however by then he was too much into gardening to bother anymore, even later on, when the mess was even worse, he attempted to make a late comeback but by that time nobody took him seriously anymore. Dio (not by intent surely) made certain that every succession crisis would be a civil war, he made certain that the Rhine border was rather defenseless, that Rome and Italy were treated as just "provinces", etc. He also destroyed the mercantile economy in favor of proto-feudalism, effectively promoting the enslaving (colonatus) of free peasants and the catastrophic descent to the Middle Ages. No wonder the Empire collapsed around one century after his horrible reign, what is surprising is that it managed to last for so long.

[@audioneglekt]

It’s my first vid, you gotta new sub - great work

[@tyskbulle]

Reich is loosely connected to the word Kingdom, but basically means Realm. Kaiserreich translates to Realm of The Emperor or The Emperor's Realm. The word Reich can be used for both small or large realms, including empires. The German Reich would accurately be translated to The German Realm or The German Kingdom. It can also mean The German Empire in certain contexts. There was the idea of Greater Germany "Grossdeutschland". Unifying all German speakers and or reclaim lost ancestral lands. Used extensively during WW2 by the Nazis. Fun fact, Sweden is called "Sverige" by its people, a combination of the word "Svea" Swede and "rike" Reich.

[@fremejoker]

4:30 "Kleinstaaterei" doesn't mean "small states"! Kleinstaat means small state. Kleinstaaterei means "the mess of all these German states let alone these small ones and all the difficulties it creates to have those many states and have common grounds".

[@NeoMicy]

The Irony is the HRE stood longer than anything else Voltaire would phrase as an Empire.

[@goldenfiberwheat238]

Also the Nazis called the Weimar Republic the “interm Reich”

[@Blaumeise2023]

3rd Reich was a nihilation of the Weihmarer Republic which lasted 15 years against the 3rd or 1000 years Reich which lasted only 12 years and ended with some happiness even if the defeated. Correct would be that Weihmar was the 3rd Reich and Nazis did the 4th 12 years Reich. The 5th Reich was founded in 1990 with the unification of Germany.

[@Blaumeise2023]

@Carmicha3l Weihmar was relative ssuccessful but had a bad start caused by high reparation payments to France and Belgium. Large parts of Germany were occupied by France. 1925 to 1929 have been good years. Weihmar was successful in arts and science. After 1933 many artisans and science people left two are still famous Albert Einstein and Sarah Leander.

[@Gyvulys]

@@Blaumeise2023 Yes, Weimar was "successful" in the "arts" of porn and degeneracy. Huge amounts of people were unemployed, and the value of their currency dropped so low they needed to weigh the money, rather than count it. Germany was completely beaten down. That is, until 1933.

[@kazaddum2448]

@Carmicha3l Found the nazi.

[@jimfowler5930]

Ausgezeichnet! Vielen Dank.

[@Brosefskius]

the plural of Reich is Reiche. Just sayin

[@hanszimmer9224]

true, its also called deutsche Reiche or German realms.

[@rosisalerno]

thank you. short and informative

[@gentlemanvontweed7147]

Next do a video on the 4th Reich, aka the EU.

[@frederickthegreat2631]

I think think it’s time to reunite Prussia, instead of the EUSSR.

[@Gr3nadgr3gory]

Dont forget California. LA is the capital of the fourth Reich. California Über Alles!

[@gentlemanvontweed7147]

@@Gr3nadgr3gory So that's where the NAZIs went. Explains Silicon Valley.

[@Gr3nadgr3gory]

@@gentlemanvontweed7147 the Valley, Hollywood, the unhinged left that accuses everyone of being Nazis... the list goes on. At least Elon just seems like some giant nerd that made spaceballs the flame thrower.

[@gentlemanvontweed7147]

@Carmicha3l That's what they want you to believe. You are clearly indoctrinated by the Napoleonic-Reich.

[@frankhoffman3566]

Rome - 1000 years. Holy Roman Empire - 100 years. Third Reich - 8 years. Fourth Reich ? 2 - 3 months.

[@captainfrisbee8075]

Guess you could say the Holy Roman Empire was their Reich of passage.

[@amarsofiane]

Excellent video as always

[@LiberalsGettheBulletToo]

That's easy! The Reich to free speech and the Reich to bear arms.

[@PinkTorpedo909]

Y’all be nice

[@algoreythm5227]

Metternich liked that

[@kkdario08]

@jaca van heesch Doesn't this contradict with the main argument for pro-gun people? That most people who possess guns are responsible and would only use it for self-defense? By inciting the murder of people you disagree with, wouldn't that just prove that people like you don't deserve the right to bear arms?

[@cosettecopperfield8397]

@@kkdario08 No. The natural law of self defense stands. Natural law is not granted, but acknowledged. No one has the right to murder. There are laws against that. As far as what comes out of someones mouth or pen, they can say or write as they please. If someone decides to act on that and bump someone off, a rope may await them, so to speak. Fair enough.

[@kkdario08]

@@cosettecopperfield8397 My point exactly. Wasn't arguing the fact that guns should be legal, just pointing out the hypocrisy of the comment I was replying to. Btw, just because we're allowed to be an asshole and say assholish things like "kill libtards" doesn't mean we should. Instead of making threats against people we disagree with, argue with them with good logic and argumentation. Just as you did. The original comment was not doing anything but inciting the murder of innocents.

[@gog_magpie]

Man the second Reich map was so beautiful

[@sanchitomemito]

Hmmm another fellow border gore lover i see

[@lucienlachance8500]

@@sanchitomemito Yeah 1. 2. Reich 2. Germany now 3. Weimarer Republic 4. 3. Reich 5. 1. Reich

[@peterfeltham8065]

Very informative and concise.

[@andyhan5008]

I have always wondered why hitler said “the 3rd riech” all the time Now I know thanks for the video man Stay curious everybody :)

[@ulrichhartmann4585]

The Nazis actually didn't like the term and rarely used it themselves.

[@gabrielluizdasilva4439]

Realily good video !! You just got another subscriber mate, keep it up !! I’m expecting a lot more fun coming here !

[@Emanon...]

1000 years -> 50 years -> 5 years I'm not surprised if the 4th Reich lasts shorter than a holiday

[@trombonegamer14]

You realize the third Reich existed before world War 2 right?

[@hasl3r775]

Haha I was thinking the same. It's 1000-50-12 though.

[@SirFaceFone]

@Thought Criminal cringe

[@TheNoiseySpectator]

@Thought Criminal You are so Cynical, how do you get out of bed and face the World, everyday?

[@user-lc5uh4ic1z]

You're the best, no bullshit, just straight talking history