Which Variables Can be Optimized in Wireless Communications?

[@ohoodsabr1542]

Thanks, Prof. Emil for your great explanation!

[@nadergamalrihan9054]

You are an awesome person, great and wonderful work

[@AlexAlex2-r7l]

Thank you so much! What is the main advantage of optimizing the Hardware impairments or hardware quality, number of antennas, number of users in wireless communication ?

[@WirelessFuture]

By discovering what hardware resolution is required to deliver the performance we are looking for, we can avoid over-designing the radio equipment and save cost, power, and size. I think there are two main use cases: 1) Identify how much we can simplify the hardware in IoT devices that only require basic connectivity; 2) Build large antenna arrays but with simpler hardware components than in small arrays, since the hardware impairments interact and cancel each others’ influence.

[@AlexAlex2-r7l]

@@WirelessFuture Thank you so much! I’m wondering if, in a wireless communication system with 100 antennas, it’s possible to assign 10 antennas to serve one cluster of users, while the remaining 90 antennas serve another group. Is this feasible? Does increasing the number of antennas help reduce the impact of hardware impairments? If so, in what way?

[@WirelessFuture]

This is not how MIMO communication works. You would use all 100 antennas to serve both clusters of users, not assign different groups of antennas to different groups of users. If you want to send two signals, you send a summation of both signals from all antennas, but you phase-shift them differently among the antennas so they are focused/beamformed toward different receivers.

[@AlexAlex2-r7l]

@WirelessFuture If I have two clusters-one requiring very high QoS and the other not-how can I reduce the design cost of the uniform antenna array at the base station, considering hardware distortion? I want to allocate more expensive hardware to users with high QoS demands, while using cheaper hardware antenna for users whose QoS requirements are easier to meet.

[@kiyameribo2504]

thank professor for your brief explanation in optimization transmit power. i would like to ask which constant variable optimized in cell free massive MIMO other than mentioned in this video?

[@WirelessFuture]

I haven't seen any other "new" variables being optimized in the cell-free Massive MIMO area. Apart from what is said in this video, one can optimize which subsets of access points that are serving which users. This is not a truly new variable but is still important. Here is a paper about it: arxiv.org/pdf/2002.01504

[@nitsr6053]

This video is a Gem of a kind. Thank you professor

[@nafisoscar9148]

Thank you sir for a nice explaination. Do you have other video about spectrum efficiency of NOMA?

[@WirelessFuture]

No, NOMA is essentially an outdated technology that we don't believe in. Episode 11 of our podcast is discussing that: ma-mimo.ellintech.se/2021/03/10/episode-11-non-orthogonal-multiple-access/ You can also read the following blog post: ma-mimo.ellintech.se/2021/04/15/is-there-a-future-for-noma/

[@nafisoscar9148]

@@WirelessFuture Ok I will read that, thank you

[@penghou8971]

Thank you for sharing. However, I have no idea why we need to optimize the number of users and antennas in a cell. Is it a real-world problem?

[@WirelessFuture]

Yes, this is a real-world problem when dimensioning cellular network deployments. In this case, we are finding the desirable base station equipment (antennas per site) and figure out how many users should be served simultaneously to achieve maximum energy efficiency.

[@jiniashika3067]

thank you sir. nice explanation. what are the factors are considered for optimization of power consumption model for energy harvesting. send your video link sir

[@WirelessFuture]

We don’t have a video on that topic. The important thing is to build a model that depends on the variables that you will consider and then validate it theoretically or experimentally.

[@RenoBlade2]

You can also compare the cost for one Site with a high numbers of Antennas and the cost for a Site with less Antennas. On one place an Massive MiMo can be more cost efficent than an small Cell aproch. In an other place it van be different.

[@WirelessFuture]

Eduard Walz Yea, that is essentially what we are doing by letting both the number of antennas and the base stations per area unit be optimization variables.

[@jiniashika3067]

sir,my research area is energy harvesing by RIS .now i found two problem are maximise harvested power and SNR at recevier.optimize the harvested power means which factor is i considered for getting high value. transmission power or rectifier output

[@WirelessFuture]

There are many possible ways to formulate optimization problems, and multiple possible metrics. The point that we want to make with this video is that we always need to make a conscious choice of what problem we want to solve and have a (subjective) motivation for it. If you choose between maximizing two different metrics, think about what would be the benefit of the two different problems and then make up your mind about which option you prefer!

[@fatimasheraz8235]

thanks for a great lecture

[@abidafridi6570]

Hello Professor, Kindly give some idea about transmit power minimization using Multi-antenna on UAV ? What factors to consider why deploying beamforming in UAV enabled commmunication

[@WirelessFuture]

When formulating an optimization problem, you need to figure out what function to optimize, what variables to consider, and what the constraints are. I understand that you want to minimize the function “total transmit power” and that your variables are “the individual transmit power values”. The remaining question is what your constraints are, because you need something related to the communication performance, otherwise the optimal solution will be to use zero power. Since you mention UAV-enabled communication, you need to determine what difference the UAVs make in the system compared to a conventional network without UAVs. Is it only the channel model that differs or something else?

[@abidafridi6570]

@@WirelessFuture can you please share the link of Book's code for simulation Thank you. your book is student friendly and easy to read and understand.

[@WirelessFuture]

@@abidafridi6570 I guess you refer to github.com/emilbjornson/book-resource-allocation All my other code is available under the same profile.

[@abidafridi6570]

@@WirelessFuture Thank you so much Professor

[@WirelessFuture]

@UCb9xzjXWJYW-MOU4Q6TZbVg Right, but many beamforming algorithms can be applied to any set of channel vectors. For example the algorithms described in my book “optimal resource allocation…” are applicable for arbitrary vectors, but the communication performance (rate) will depend on what the channel conditions to use. There are also concepts such as beam tracking and angle-of-arrival based channel estimation in the mmWave literature that only works if the channels have the right properties.

[@krishnaharsha2033]

What do we mean by maximizing the channel gain in order to minimize the transmitter power PT?

[@WirelessFuture]

At what minute was that said? I would guess it means the following: If we need a certain SNR at the receiver, then it is proportional to "channel gain * transmit power". If we can improve the channel gain, then we cut back on transmit power.

[@krishnaharsha2033]

My sincere apologies Thanks a lot for answering a question about the topic which was not discussed in this video. This will not be happening again.

[@hullopes]

Very nice video. Thank you. Do you have any point of view about the resource allocation problem in mmWave mMIMO small base stations (5G)? I get your book about this theme, and I'll read that.

[@WirelessFuture]

There are many types of resource allocation problems to consider, including scheduling, multiuser beamforming selection, power allocation. You can find some possible solutions in the academic literature. These things are not standardized so we cannot know what kind of solutions the companies are using. My books can give you a sense of some of the theory for how to approach these problems. I’m sure there tutorial papers on specific topics as well.

[@ms.t.swapna5555]

@@WirelessFuture can you send the book for resouce allocation and power allocation. I am doing research in this area

[@magedrefat1658]

A very nice video. Thank you very much.