Why do "Useless" Neutrinos Exist?

[@KonradTheWizzard]

Nice Video! A tiny mistake in one of the animations though: the annihilation of electrons and positrons produces TWO gamma photons (of 511keV each) in opposite directions. That's how we are able to create actual images in Positron Emission Tomography: we can paint a line between two photons detected at the same time and then overlay millions of those lines to form something similar to a "heat map".

[@ArvinAsh]

Good point. Thank you.

[@wojtek_tty]

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[@wearethefruitoftheuniverse]

Could mass have a heirarchy that can clue is in on how wave energy can become matter kzbin.info/www/bejne/mHeTo3WnZr1kaKs

[@learning_with_irving4266]

Hmmm 🤔 yes of course...-"My dumb self pretending to understand such intellect" 😅

[@Surya02075]

@@ArvinAsh there is also a mistake at (9:32 ) . The h in the uncertainty formula written there is not planck constant that's [h dirac]. And h dirac = h(planck constant)/2pi. BTW...your explanations are too good.

[@Fcozer]

So, if I got it correctly, neutrinos are created in a process that is essential to our existence; however, as far as we know, neutrinos themselves seems pretty useless 😅 Hopefully we will learn more about these particles! Loved the video and the explanation about the Higgs mechanism!

[@dtfanatic247]

I’m a neutrino! 😅

[@WhoIsLikeHim]

@@dtfanatic247 you're useless

[@Acoustic-Rabbit-Hole]

@@dtfanatic247 Not you, but your soul. When you die your Sole Neutrino comes out of your body, along with your consciousness.

[@josephkanowitz6875]

ב''ה, if they have mass and are heading to the edge? of the universe..

[@Acoustic-Rabbit-Hole]

Strange. My name is Frank Montoya, and I just got back from playing piano for Mass and now soul is full of neutrinos… m.youtube.com/@MontoyaMatrix

[@das_it_mane]

Arvin you have a gift. No one can make that complex topics as simple to digest as you do. I always learn something new from your videos

[@LowellBoggs]

Thank you for explaining how the Higgs field gives the electron it's mass. I have been looking for a clear, simple, and un silly-fied explanation for a long time. Love your videos. Well thought out and very beautiful. This was an even more clear explanation that Leo Suskind have.

[@oskarskalski2982]

Do you mean "Demystifying higgs boson with Leonard Susskind"? I beg to differ because he told everything Arvin told her and expanded on it much more.

[@LowellBoggs]

If the higgs field flips the spin of electrons in flight, how does this effect the Stern Gerlach experiment?

[@JohnDlugosz]

So why does the electron have a spin that stays put? (and it's its by the way)

[@Dudleymiddleton]

The light year chunk of lead is mindblowing - proper ninja particle!

[@hanpanBR]

"Yo mama is so thick a neutrino just hit her"

[@jonathanker6195]

Hi, first thank you very much for your great work. I would like to know if it'll be possible to do a video about the Kaluza-Klein theory ? It will be great to understand it's implication, how gravity and electromagnetism are viewed to be bind, what all of it means etc. Thank again, stay strong !

[@louislesch3878]

Awesome video Arvin. I think it would have been great to mention the DUNE project being built by Fermilab which will explore the neutrino oscillation phenomenon. Maybe this could have lead to a collaboration video with Dr. Don Lincoln who hosts the Fermilab KZbin channel. Again, awesome video. Thanks again.

[@madmattdigs9518]

I live near Fermilab and they have days where they allow the public to come in there. They do presentations, explaining the work they do there, and afterward you can have snacks and talk to scientists. It’s great, I’ve done it several times. One of the presentations I sat in was about the neutrino detector they’re building.

[@paulmicks7097]

Great topic , thank you Arvin , been reading up on my neutrino knowledge past few months .... Imagine the clean energy if they could be captured like photons.

[@erictaylor5462]

10:20 So it's like trying to weigh your housecat on a truck scale.

[@ArvinAsh]

More like weighing a feather.

[@ericvondell5157]

More like a Feather than a Cat! Neutrinos Are Best described as "Cosmic Fluff" but, They're so Ghostly it makes me wonder if maybe, Ghosts might actually be something Real! Quantum Physics Is Just plain Bizarre! This is the first Science Discussion that's Ever helped me to Think of These Things as something Tangible!

[@SuperPogal]

Thats the first time I've heard, and understood, about how photons are made. Love your channel.

[@djgruby]

Very good video, and very well explained phenomena. I thoroughly enjoyed it.

[@higherresolution4490]

Wow, that cleared up half-a-dozen questions I've had for years. You are one excellent teacher! Quite an enjoyable / inspirational program. I attended UCI and remember asking Frederick Reines if the neutrino discovery was inferred or an isolated event (like what we see at CERN with the Higgs field). He wasn't too happy with my question!

[@ArvinAsh]

Really? I'm surprised he was not happy to answer the question.

[@shethtejas104]

Thanks Arvin for taking us to the very edges of modern physics every time. How else would I have known that the mass of a neutrino is an ongoing mystery. By the way I think I have some evidence. I am unable to shed the last 5 kilo off my body to reach the target weight. Been trying for years now. I thought it was pastries. But dang! now I know its the neutrinos :D

[@drsbutler]

Lol

[@shethtejas104]

@@drsbutler From now on, if someone's fat, I will call him a 'neutron star'. lolzzzzzzzz

[@YossiSirote]

Three questions on neutrinos: 1. Why does the oscillation of masses not violate conservation of mass? Does this mean that different mass neutrinos travel at different speeds? 2. Is there a CMB equivalent in neutrinos? Have we/can we observe it? 3. All neutrinos are left handed. But they travel slower than the speed of light. If we travel faster then a neutrino will it appear right handed?

[@blanckieification]

Thank you! I miss intelectual videos like this in a world of idiocy

[@nickush7512]

Always a pleasure, thanks, and thanks those behind many helpful coments.

[@Joao456Zamper]

I've seen several neutrinos videos, this is by far, the best one.

[@tkrisnadas]

Awesome video Arvin. What about neutrinos' interaction through gravity? If it has mass and produced in prodigious quantities it should have a large gravitational effect should it not? It should manifest right? Many thanks

[@ArvinAsh]

They have so little mass, that even the large numbers don't amount to much. All the neutrinos in the universe amount to, at most, 1% of the energy of the universe.

[@radiator007]

Well.. your information so valuable and well presented. Congrats.

[@misterlau5246]

I remember Star Trek TNG Geordi's visor was capable of detecting neutrinos 😳🖖🤨🤓 The problem with Higgs mechanism is that explaining it in layman's terms is always incomplete of course. Anyways, the part about changing the electrons is a good idea with your animated graphics. I remember Riemann surfaces on books, phase space with top view, spirals 🥺 and now there are some great 3D art just by plotting those surfaces in, well, 3D

[@SumitPrasaduniverse]

Thank you Arvin, for making video on Neutrinos 😊

[@Earwaxfire909]

Reminds me of my grad-school days. Elementary particle physicists have a hard time saying, "I haven't got a clue." Or even, "Something is missing." Colors and Flavors always drove me nuts, searching for certainty in their uncertainty principles. I still don't understand what they mean.

[@theslay66]

They symbolize some types of interactions between the particles, that have no equivalent at our scale. It's not a matter of "not understanding what is happening, so let's just give it a fancy name". It's a matter of observing that some particles interact in some way, that can be modelized mathematically as a property of the particle following some precise rule. However, there is no object in the macroscopic world with such property, so we just put on it a name to differenciate the state that the particle can take -like we make up a name for any new thing we discover. We choose "color" for the strong force interaction because mathematically it's similar to how color additivity works, but that's all there is to it. And "flavor" because, well, they're just different types of the same things, so why not name it like that. The problem here is always the same : for an intuitive understanding of something, we need to borrow some similarity with something we already know of. We use analogies. However what happens at this scale is so strange, so different from what we are used to observe at the macroscopic scale, that sometimes no analogy can really help. But this doesn't mean we don't understand what's going on, in the sense that we are able to precisely describe, and predict, how these particles interact. And for a scientific theory, that's all that really matters.

[@Earwaxfire909]

@@theslay66 I've yet to see a coherent description of color and flavor. And gluon properties are one of the messiest ideas yet. How elementary particles undergo fluctuations in these properties is not well described at all. And because of that, they are not yet well understood. The properties of elementary particles are not at all elementary. Something gigantic is missing from this sub-nuclear story.

[@jamesraymond1158]

I'm curious about what kind of work you're doing now. Is your grad school physics useful to you in some way?

[@Earwaxfire909]

@@jamesraymond1158 I do molecular biology now. Got my PhD in both subjects. Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance of proteins, looking at the coupling between thermal stability and molecular dynamics. Now a huge range of things from DNA microarrays to new theories of enzyme kinetics to inflammation in cell cultures. I love physics. But saw my brightest friends graduate with PhDs in elementary particles and in general relativity and end up pumping gas and waiting tables. So I knew I had to do something else.

[@theslay66]

@@Earwaxfire909 But it works the same way as the electric charge, or mass. In what way do you have any coherent explanation for these properties ? The only difference is that they manifest at the macroscopic level, so you can somehow think you have a clear view of what they are. But when you try to examine what they really are at the quantum scale, it's no more or less alien than color or flavor. They all are interactions with some kind of fields. And what are fields ? Heck, what is space-time ? Nothing more than mathematical constructs we use to describe how reality works. I'm not saying that the theory is perfect, and that we're not missing something there. We obviously are. But it seems to me you're thinking so for the wrong reasons.

[@journeymantraveller3338]

Arvin is pretty good. Clear discussion with detail and context and timely anticipation of questions.

[@onebylandtwoifbysearunifby5475]

Another fine video, well illustrated.

[@factormars4339]

Nothing is useless.

[@Matt-v7k]

It's there for some reason. For the benefit or runoff of something 😊

[@NeganSmash420]

Joe Biden

[@calvingrondahl1011]

@@NeganSmash420I am useless too.

[@davidwalker5054]

The eggheads are getting above their station when they arrogantly dismiss this particle as useless. They appear useless because they don't understand and might never mentally grasp the part they play in the grand scheme of the cosmos

[@rezenpm]

This one is a banger. Well done sir!

[@chompchompnomnom4256]

I wish these videos could be more than 15 minutes long. I could listen to this stuff all night.

[@jlat951]

Arvin, you need to do a tour

[@florh]

Fantastic video doctor! One thing is driving me nuts however. You said that we know that neutrinos have mass, because they can change flavor, but is a million times lighter than the electron. Then what about dark matter particles? Neutrinos move almost at the speed of light, with so little mass, but dark matter particles barely move at 50ish km/sec, so this "weakly interacting massive particle" physicists like to describe dark matter particles, is sounding like the biggest understatement a physicist can give. Those aren't massive, those are colossal, that like saying a cubic meter of lead is a paperweight. So I trust I can't use the same thought process for dark matter as for neutrinos? Because that just wouldn't add up, if dark matter is responsible for our galaxy and others spinning the way they do, and those pass through us too. Particles with the mass of the meteor that killed all the dinosaurs, at 53km/s . But that also makes me think, if in QFT all fundamental particles are fields, then could a dark matter field have a gigantic amount of energy and is flowing through us more like a cloud than as a particle, like how we picture electrons orbiting around a nucleus, we are the nucleus and those dark matter particles orbit around us like a cloud of electrons, but slightly heavier (ahum). Is that a better thought process you think dr. Ash?

[@DavidFMayerPhD]

If neutrinos travel at LESS than speed of light, then each neutrino has a rest frame. By changing rest frame, a left-handed neutrino becomes right-handed and vice versa.

[@ericvondell5157]

Oooooh 🙀 Excellent Observation! Because, maybe that's why Scientists haven't detected a Right Handed Neutrino! One state is Fully Non-interactive and The other state is very weakly interactive! OR did I Get That Backwards?😹🤪😻

[@LynxUrbain]

Thank you ! How was the maximum value of each mass (each neutrino type) measured / calculated? Is it more difficult to measure/ detect a muon or tau neutrino, since muons and tau have shorter lifetimes than electrons? If you get the chance and the time, could you, please, talk about the different types of neutrino detectors, and detection techniques.

[@O_Lee69]

google for K.A.T.R.I.N. experiment. They are measuring the energy of the electrons coming from beta decays. They know the exact total energy from this process. Interesting are the high energy electrons. The remaining energy is the mass and kinetic energy of the neutrino. So they can set an upper limit for the neutrino mass.

[@Edo9River]

Also your kind of socratic style of rhetorical questioning structure feels natural, as students and teachers interactions in the classroom. At least this is what I am accustomed to.

[@torydavis10]

I would love to hear your take on how it is we can know right-handed neutrinos don't exist. As far as I understand, neutrinos only interact via the weak force. Only left handed particles and right handed antiparticles carry isospin and participate in weak interactions. Assuming some mechanism, like Higgs, allows neutrinos to change chirality, it seems perfectly reasonable that right handed neutrinos could both exist and be for all practical purposes unobservable.

[@williejohnson487]

Thank you, Arvin. Nicely done.

[@bharatbchandwani6686]

You are Bang on. If we are able to find out this then physics will be complete. Not only that the biology of our brain which contain neurons will also get complete.

[@larrygraham3377]

Thank you for this wonderful video. I never understood the science of the Nutrino. After this video I now have a clearer understanding. Again, Thanks !!! 🤯🤯🤯

[@davidklang8174]

One of your best videos, Arvin!

[@rtsesmelis]

Great video. Still don't inderstand everything, but getting closer to understand something. Thanks!

[@feltondude]

Great Video. I was wondering what happens to all these neutrinos? If they are produced through beta decay, then is the total volume and mass of neutrinos in the universe increasing or are they consumed through some other process? Thanks again for making these. I truly enjoy them.

[@victorvinue6330]

Awesome video Arvin! please keep up your amazing work

[@VagnerGon]

First video I see from this channel. More than enough to sub already!

[@ArvinAsh]

Welcome aboard!

[@armandaneshjoo]

"A detector large enough, left on for long enough, interacts often enough". Eloquent. Uncertainty of mass and flavor? I had no idea. Higgs mass is chiral oscillation?😱🤯 My kitchen wall is plastered with theories about what mass is. Why did I not know this? I love you Arvin.

[@ArvinAsh]

Thanks. Keep in mind that the mass conferred by Higgs is mainly for elementary particles. Most of the mass of an atom is due to the binding energy from the Strong Force. In both cases though, mass is trapped energy.

[@armandaneshjoo]

​@@ArvinAsh Um... nope. (dies inside from shame😰😰) Binding energy = rotation mass.* Higgs mass = rotation oscillation mass. which means Mass is the amount of rotation.*** Spin is the direction and mode (1/2, 3/2) of rotation. Mass and spin are just rotation friction, not trapped energy. ** Trapped energy means particle. World is made of waves. Thing about waves, they move energy without moving space. **** It's like holes in n-p semiconductors. They are not protons, but behave like them * Think about it. this means a lot. for example: when the tree quarks in a nuclei rotate, their speed turns into 500 new massive quarks. another example: quantum gravity black holes cannot be empty. When dying massive stars start to form a black hole due to excessive mass, they shrink and their Shwartzchild radius grows. As they shrink their rotation speeds up, until their surface comes close to the speed of light. When the radius hits the surface, things cannot shrink further and rotate faster,. So instead, the rotational energy turns into huge amount of quarks to fill it. This explains what's inside a black hole. It's chalk full of quark,-gluon plasma, and there is no singularity at their center. ** This also means a lot. First, we don't need higher dimensions (Except one for like... gravity) to explain fields. Fields could be described various types of rotation. *** Mass depends on the amount of rotation and amplitude of oscillation in the gravity dimension. this explains a lot: 1) It could explain all the particle masses once we start building a theory of quantum gravity. ****It confirms the nature of particles. As demonstrated by Young's double slit experiment, particles don't exist. everything is made of waves. 2) It explains entanglement, entanglement means info is always in pairs. but why? because particles are the superposition of a pair of waves. two waves, gives us two data. matter is the music of space, not strings. So we now know how to build a quantum gravity theory. We need not a string theory, but a theory of space. Here's how to build it: 3) Which two waves create a particle? could it be for instance, an electron field and a Higgs field? this could explain why particles are not relative (except in Hawking radiation). I've never been happier, except when I realized uncertainty is just quantum fluctuation. 4) This in turn explains why the world is quantum; why electrons form orbitals around the nucleus. why they don't take any amount of energy. Why they have discrete orbitals. They are not particles. They are waves. They interfere with themselves, except in those orbitals. That's how electrons are created. They are created around the nuclei. out there, they are just waves. 5) It explains what the Higgs field is. It is the surface of a black hole. 6) It explains what other fields are. they are empty-spherical orbits around black holes. 7) It explains what light is. It is the outermost orbital 8) It explains what our universe is: the surface of a 4D black hole. 9) It explains what the big-bang was: the birth of that black hole. 10) It explains what cosmic inflation was: mass of a star, falling into that newly formed black hole at its center. 11) It explains what dark energy is: stuff falling into the black hole. 12) It explains what's in the forth dimension: the exact same stuff but way simpler. 13) It explains what's on the surface of black holes: an entire 2D world. ⚠We can test this. here is how: * The recent crisis in cosmology has questioned ΛCDM. We just realized our world is curved. We can calculate the radius of our 4D spherical universe, from the mismatch between the two divergent ways of measuring the size of the universe. * In a theory of space, the main law is conservation of space. so space is not elastic. it cannot stretch. so classic waves don't exist. so when a wave forms, the entire space shrinks. Space must shrink for matter to be created. (That's what happens inside a black hole btw) No theory accounts for this. we finally can. If the world is a sphere, any matter created in this world, must DRAMATICALLY shrink the entire world. We always did know a theory of everything will be all about E=mc2. but now we get to use E=mgh and E=0.5mv2 to prove it. Something any kid understands. Isn't it fun? * You said: "The source of the mass of the neutrino remains a mystery, It seems to point to new as yet undiscovered Physics, and it confirms the standard model is incomplete, which is not a bad thing." So all I need to do is come up with a quantum gravity model that helps calculate the mass of all particles, and the fine structure constant. Dirac has already done that. Thanks Arvin. You gave me just what I needed for a breakthrough.

[@ValidatingUsername]

Never forget, particles are just highly probable boundaries for specific energy behaviours located at an epicentre

[@HenryLoenwind]

1:05 and now I want to build a 100-lightyear lead sphere and see how it feels to live without neutrinos in the centre ;)

[@albrigo]

This is certainly one of the best YoyTube channels explaining nuclear physics in a simple way.

[@stefanblue660]

I feel neutrinos as tiny , friendly helpers of life ! Without them ,the sun would not shine for a longer time .

[@emergentform1188]

Wow I know more about neutrinos now that I thought I ever would. Hooray Arvin! ❤💯

[@emergentform1188]

@@spaghettitroll no clue, wild stuff!

[@ΔήμοςΛουκά-ζ3υ]

Thanks for the greek subtitles my friend

[@gdeamonlord]

gotta love these videos

[@madmax-bu6wt]

This channel deserves a billion subscribers.

[@benjaminlabuschagne9101]

As a young apprentice electrician on a hold mine in South Africa " East Rand Proprietary Mines" (Central Shaft) around. 1977. In Boksburg South Affrica Americans had an old Laboratory some 2km. Underground & recall in the then abandoned Laboratory a plaque mentioning that a Neutrino had been discovered there !! .... not sure if it was fiirst or deepest found though !!

[@drsbutler]

Thanks!

[@ArvinAsh]

Thanks so much!

[@josephoyanadel4184]

Excellent account of the philosophical question Thanks!

[@tomodachi1644]

5:23 it wasn't Fermi, actually it was coined by Edoardo Amaldi in a conversation with Fermi in Rome.

[@faresalhawaj9936]

Excellent explanation. Thank you

[@sitalamichhane2141]

Plz next Explain schrodinger equation in simply description

[@josephbenson6301]

He certainly was a complete tool, but Stalin made one truly accurate observation: Quantity has a quality all it's ow.

[@haros2868]

Wait, neutrinos can change flavors because they move slower than the speed of light. Thus, time passes for them. But if in the perspective of photons, time doesn't exist, how they change wavelength. I know the change of neutrinos is more of a mass transformation, but the photons frequency is more of an energy transformation, from the momentum. But mass and energy as we know are linked

[@colinadevivero]

Excellent work. As always 😊

[@aroncanapa5796]

I have no idea how to put my question into words that will probably make sense, but you said a proton can decay into neutron and vica versa but that breaks my brain because how can 2 different things decay, basically meaning get rid of something, each time to become the other, wouldnt one or the other have to gain something to decay into the other to be able to have something to get rid of

[@spudhead169]

Since particles like the electron gain mass by this interaction with the Higgs field rapidly flipping their chirality and thus creating energy that manifests as mass. Perhaps neutrinos are interacting with another yet undiscovered field that's causing them to change flavor, creating energy that also manifests as mass?

[@lontongtepungroti2777]

you're amazing !!!!!!!!!!

[@glenntmoore]

My source says you are a quarter of the way to understanding how it all works!

[@erictaylor5462]

Well, you just got a new sub.

[@JohnDlugosz]

The thumbnail asks "Why do they exist?" I expected something along the lines of how the group theory demands something in that role. But it appears to not address the question at all.

[@wefinishthisnow3883]

I don't know anyone that can explain extremely complicated topics like particle physics to a layperson as well as you. PBS spacetime I get lost too easily. Brian Greene hides many of the complications from us. Science Asylum is fantastic, but I question too much of it. But you Arvin? You explain it in the most optimal, easily understood way possible. Can you do asymptotically safe gravity next?

[@obito3207]

Best science channel on entire youtube is of indian ...proud of❤❤❤ arvin

[@nickduplaga507]

Maybe wormholes act similarly. The object becomes intangible from our perspective temporarily. A quantum superposition with quantum entanglement.

[@ajkarkos]

Are there entangled neutrinos directly opposite us on the other side of the Sun?

[@philmarsh7723]

Thanks! The crazy thing is that it's speculated that neutrinos might have a magnetic dipole moment? I can understand how electrons, protons, and even neutrons have a magnetic dipole moment because they're all made (or are) charged particle constituents. But neutrinos are a fundamental particle and they're neutral.

[@YardworkWithJohn]

The video is interesting but the ad at the beginning for a "fine art investing platform" is shady as hell.

[@Regularsshorts]

Why does the h denoting Planck's constant have a line on top for some eqns

[@MasterKoala777]

Considering their extremely small mass, are neutrinos eliminated from being a possible source of Dark Matter or Dark Energy?

[@ArvinAsh]

Correct. Neutrinos do not account for the gravitational effect of dark matter.

[@MasterKoala777]

@@ArvinAsh Wow, thank you Mr. Ash 🙂

[@franciscovalenzuela4152]

Thanks for these videos ❤❤

[@CliqueSpace]

How much slower than light speed does a neutrino travel? Perhaps right-handed neutrinos exist but their low rate of chirality flipping and quick back-flipping could explain the rate at which they may interact with the Higgs field, and this phenomenon could thereby explain their mass?

[@mmtrichey]

It seems like there should be a way to harness energy from neutrinos. Maybe a superfluid that simply reacts by the interation with them? Since they're not completely massless, it seems like we should be able to use them for unlimited energy, if we're able to find something to interact with them. I know it's an out there theory, but they are so abundant and their movement alone should have the inherent ability for energy, correct? I'm not talking about capturing nuetrinos, only using their movement through some created medium to create energy.

[@paulburney7250]

My understanding is that around a black hole, at a distance where the circumference is 3/2 the circumference of the event horizon, the speed of orbit is equal to the speed of light. That anything inside that distance, but still outside the event horizon can be observed, but since it cannot go faster than light, it cannot "orbit". So, what happens to a neutrino that goes into that location?

[@Axel_Andersen]

Did not watch this, but Richard Feynman IIRC said that "why" is not a question you can answer. So a title like "why" a particle exist does not make sense.

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

were neutrinos instrumental in turning free protons into neutrons? how and when did neutrons come about in cosmos?

[@ArvinAsh]

No, protons transforming to neutrons is not energetically favorable except in the nuclei of atoms when there is an overabundance of protons.

[@stevenchiverton48]

thats interesting nutrinos as traveing through solid mater made of atoms without hitting them so what if you created a powerfull nutrino sheild around your space carft you could fly through solid matter like a ghost or if shot at by rockets it would go right through you like a real ghost

[@ArvinAsh]

It wouldn't quite work that way. The Neutrinos would not interact with anything, but your space craft would.

[@sinebar]

So here's my question: When photons go through a medium such as water causing them to slow down, do they experience time? And if they could that change their properties or perhaps undergo some kind of decay into another kind of particle?

[@nmarbletoe8210]

idk but... a photon can split into two photons by passing through a crystal

[@AirwavesEnglish]

The Higgs field is compressed closer to a star and nutrino's are robbed of their mass component while escaping the worst of the Sun's gravity. As it travels onward, away from this local COG it flips between mass/energy when it passes within a certain distance (from the Sun) threshold (coincidentally, our orbit), where we happen to measure this discrepancy and ponder it. Have neutrinos ever been detected from a vantage point of Neptune or another far-outer realms?

[@misterICo]

I imagine modulating neutrinos flavours to send informations

[@samzhao638]

New resourse and what can we do with it? Telecommunication, yeah! 😅

[@teashea1]

another wonderful video ------ so excellent

[@BluesDoctor]

Arvin, if a neutrino has mass, does it conform to De Broglie's wavelength for neutrinos of non-relativistic velocity? The problem I have been working on.

[@brianpj5860]

Im more interested in how neutrino’s interact with the large scale of the universe. Since they barely interact with anything, that almost seems like wasted energy, in the sense that an increase in entropy spreads everything out. Photons interact with everything, soo what are neutrinos supposed to interact with??

[@malectric]

It's remarkable that neutrinos can be detected at all i.e. - interact with a relatively small detector given that they interact so rarely with any matter. It represents a huge leakage of energy form nuclear reactions, in particular, the formation of neutrons. I wonder what proportional contribution they make to the mass of a black hole? They must obviously be captured in huge numbers. And I prefer the corollary to the statement that xyz depends on neutrinos e.g. fusion depends on neutrinos. Actually, no fusion = no neutrino production. ?

[@adnzip8198]

new life's work just dropped

[@samcs06]

I forgot where I seen it, or read it but someone theorized that right handed neutrinos where what dark matter was made up of. Which is why we can see the gravitational effects of dark matter but we don't know what it is exactly.

[@dimitargueorguiev9088]

Interesting video,,

[@djdrack4681]

Great Video BUT... It should be pointed out we can not (due to lack of precise/definitive mass for each) rule out that there are >3 of them. Support is growing for the fact that there may in fact be many more and that the combo of very small mass differences + lack of interaction = incredibly difficult to identify the individual particles. Also, photons are not exactly something that is well understood either. The continued advances just seem to continue proving that we understand very little in fact about the universe at large and its working from microscopic to macroscopic. The notion and initial testing approaches of 'chrono' double slit experiments showing an interference pattern across not only space, but independently also time implies that there is significantly more going on than we've theorized/accounted for: mainly that we basically have no good understanding of notions of past/present/future and trans-chronologic particle interactions. It would be better to probably identify it as chronotopology: -topology being the structure, not the linear pattern of something.

[@cornerstone2449]

Seems like there still might be some suppositional axiomatic dictums surrounding neutrinos by physics.

[@celiogouvea]

The existence of Neutrinos is uncertain because the frame dragging of electric charge, which can manifest as a magnetic field, has the potential to alter electron energy in a way that violates the conservation of energy principle. In my understanding, magnetic fields arise from the frame dragging of electric charge.

[@KennyT187]

It's a big assumption that anything in nature has intrinsic "purpose"

[@sassa82]

Its a not a scientific question, more like a philosophical question. He makes an error here.

[@txlish]

Thank You, Arvin! # hypothesized - for Neutrinos outta Sun and all the exploding Stars received on Earth - Where does it come from/ Is it same as #of photons? If not what is ratio for the Two?

[@ArvinAsh]

Theoretically one neutrino per one transformation of Proton to Neutron. Overall, two protons transform every time 4 hydrogens fuse to form one helium. Note that there a several intermediate steps. This video explains it in more detail: kzbin.info/www/bejne/roObaamJnrSpj5Y

[@benjamindover4337]

Where do they all go? If they are created all the time, where do they end up? Maybe they are are a field pervasive to the universe? Maybe neutrons are an expression of the neutrino field?

[@NS-YT1]

Hi Arvin - Has anyone ever calculated what the total mass of all the estimated neutrinos in a given galaxy (or the entire universe) would be? Despite each neutrino having an incredibly tiny mass, the sheer number of neutrinos flying around in a galaxy must be truly gargantuan. Quintillions? Septillions? Even more? That many tiny masses must add up to something significant (and I assume that this combined mass must have at least some effect on the the other mass of a galaxy)…or am I missing something important?

[@windsaw151]

There are many reasons not to call neutrinos "useless". Now, it would be more interesting to find reasons not to call tau leptons "useless".

[@sassa82]

He makes several scienrific errors here. Calling things "useless" or askibg what "purpose" they have. These are not scientic questions, sabine would not be pleased.

[@marksnow8838]

Useless? Aren't they the ones responsible for the creation of the heavier elements?

[@Raptor302]

The universe and all the particles are like files in the Windows folder on my PC. I don't notice them most of the time, I don't know what's in them, I don't understand how they enable my experience, and I'm absolutely terrified of deleting any of them.