Writing - Transitions - THEREFORE, THUS, CONSEQUENTLY

www.engvid.com Learn how to use "therefore" and "thus" to show you have reached a conclusion. These transitions will improve your writing by helping you link ideas. In this lesson, we will look at transitions of conclusion and consequence to help ideas flow and improve our writing styles. I'll also teach you how you can use words like "so", "then", "hence", and "as a result" for the same purpose. Watch the lesson, then take the quiz: www.engvid.com/writing-transit...
TRANSCRIPT:
Hi, again. Welcome back to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam. Today's lesson is -- actually, I had a few requests for it. So I'm not going to mention names right now because there are too many to mention. But some people asked me about transitions, again, specifically, "therefore" and "thus". But I figured I would do the whole package because they can all work together. If you're writing essays, you can use more than one of these, more than two of these, especially for longer essays. So first, we're going to look at the differences or similarities -- as the case may be -- of these words and when and how they are used. Okay?
So the words we're looking at today are "therefore", "thus", "consequently", "so", "then, "hence", and the expression "as a result". Okay? So again, all of these are transitions. I'll put it here.
So a little review. What is a transition? A transition is like a bridge that connects two ideas. Okay? So what are we connecting here? What are the ideas that we want to connect? We want to connect a logical conclusion. Okay? Or we want to connect a consequence. What is a "consequence"? A consequence is, basically, a result. So for example, in life, we make choices, we make decisions, and then, we have to live with the consequences, whatever those choices bring us. Okay? So there's a very, very slight difference in these three words, especially. These are the three that I want you to use most on essays if you're going to be writing essays. Okay? We use "therefore" -- again, it's more of a mathematical word, but we use it, obviously, to write, as well. When we have a premise, from there premise, we generally reach a conclusion. Now, what is a "premise"? A "premise" is an idea that we believe to be true. And because we believe it is true, from that truth we reach a conclusion. Okay? I think everybody knows a very famous "premise + conclusion" sentence. "I think" -- premise -- "I believe that I think, therefore I am." That's the conclusion I reach. Because I think, I am. Okay. Don't be confused. It's not "because". Premise and conclusion, but I'm just trying to simplify it a little bit.
"Thus" means "result". Now, it's a little bit different from "consequence". "Result" means a result of the last argument. Okay? And "consequence" is -- again, it's a result, but a consequence. Something's going to happen as a result of the thing before. Now, it's very, very important to remember, something had to be mentioned before you can use any of these words. Okay? All of these words and whatever sentence or clause or whatever comes after it is in relation to what came before. Okay? I said something before; this is my conclusion now. Or this is the result of what happened or this is the consequence.
More informally, we can use "so" also to talk about a consequence or a result. We use "then". So, "This happened. Then, I did this." Not "then" like time, like sequence. "Then" means more like, "This happened, so I did this." "This happened. Then, I did that as a result of the first thing."
Now, a lot of people ask me about this word, "hence". The first thing I will say is don't use it. One, it's a bit old-fashioned and a bit snobby. And two, most people don't use it correctly anyway. I personally don't like this word, but if you must use it, then, remember it's also like a consequence. Use it instead of "thus" -- probably instead of "therefore".
And of course, very casual, "as a result". Okay? So before we look at this -- all of these individually, let's look at some examples. "I am cold." Okay? This is the situation. "I am cold. Therefore, I'll put on a coat." [Coughs] Excuse me. Actually, you know what? Let me change this. Sorry. I'll put a period here. If I were going to use "therefore" with this, I would start a new sentence. All of these words can be used to start a sentence or mid-sentence. But some of them are better used to start. Some of them are better used in the middle. "I'm cold. Therefore, I'll put on a coat."

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Hi, Adam! Yesterday, I did my toefl exam and one vocabulary question was about the meaning of "hence". Immediately I remembered of this video. Thanks!

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Yay, i'm taking my exam soon , i'd love to see how much you got and what advises do you give :D

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thank you very much

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Samea Barcelos Good luck in your toefls!

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😲

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The teacher gave us a very clear explanation, therefore we understood this lesson perfectly.

[@prashant6804]

I think this will be better : The teacher gave us a very clear explanation; therefore, we understood this lesson perfectly.

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"the teacher gave us a very clear explanation, so we understood this lesson perfectly"

@@prashant6804 You're right.

[@gregg11720]

What about: The teacher made a clear explanation. Because of this, I completely understood everything he said.

[@azeezkamalkehinde6434]

​@@gregg11720still okay. But quite long.

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Thank you so much, Adam. We need to listen over and over again. Then we'll understand better.

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I can’t thank you enough! You helped a lot understanding these transitions 🙏

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Your lesson is unbelievably helpful; thus, I watch your video lessons as much as I can. Thank you Adam! Best teacher ever. "Thus" is better

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Hi Adam. Really appreciated! This is really useful for English learner! The content of and explanations in this vlog has the wonderful and clear detail that I think few instructors can really explain the differences among the transitions here.

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Thanks for your lesson on this very topic. You've definitely cleared out the doubts I still had about how to use these words correctly!

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Fofo Fawzi I wanna so much friend for speak¡¡, [e-mail], thanks¡

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+Fofo Fawzi CONSEQUENTLY*

[@nayachi121]

+Gisela Alvarez [e-mail] thanks

[@petrova098y]

+Fofo Fawzi Maybe you could just invert the order of the clauses instead of modifying the adverb, the reason why his explanation was good is that you could understand the lesson, so the *first action was comprehend the video quickly*, and *_as a consequence of that_*/ or *_as a result_* you considered a good explanation method - ''I could understand this lesson quickly, therefore, your explanation method is good'' Let me know your thoughts :) (+ correct me if I made a grammar mistake, I'd be grateful)

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Fofo Fawzi i should always be capital in formal writting

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Thank you very much Adam for this important lesson. I was always confused about using transitions. I think I am bit clear now.

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Your lesson was very helpful, therefor I could say thanks with using transition

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Despite watching multifarious videos ,I had not understood how to use " thus", consequently, i didn't use in my essays, nevertheless,I understand now ,thus ,I will use it....all credit goes to Adam... thanks for clear explanations.

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