07 Independent Samples t-Tests in SPSS - SPSS for Beginners

2021 NEW SERIES for SPSS 27: • Introduction to Statis...
Another way of measuring the difference between two samples is to compare two unrelated groups or participants or samples. In this design, you measure two groups one time; in contrast, the previous paired test measured the same sample two times. With independent samples, you test whether the means of the samples are, not just different, but statistically significantly different. This test used the “between subjects” design. In this video, you will also learn about how to interpret the output of this test.
For more training about how to use SPSS, please check out these videos.
Levene’s Test of Homogeneity of Variance in SPSS: • Levene’s Test of Homog...
How to do an Independent Samples t Test in SPSS: • How to do an Independe...
How to Set Up Your Data for Independent or Repeated Measures t Tests in SPSS: • How to Set Up Your Dat...
How to do a One-Way ANOVA in SPSS: • How to do a One-Way AN...
This video uses a dataset we create in the first video of the series and SPSS version 24
Link to a Google Drive folder with all of the files that I use in the videos including spreadsheets, and the Bear Handout. As I add new files, they will appear here, as well.
drive.google.com/drive/folder...
To download, hover your cursor over the file icon and a blue download icon will appear. You do not need to request access to a file.
Permissions: Statistics instructors, you are granted permission to link to this video and all videos on this channel for teaching introductory statistics. If you use them, I would love to hear about where they are being used so I can document for professional service. - Dr. Daniel

[@paradoxum5275]

An instructor here, I used these videos as a learning resource to help compliment their learning process. It is really helpful to have a summarized content of all the discussions we had on the topic. Thank you!

[@Eva28A]

You sir are my savior. I have an exam on stat theory and SPSS coming up and I can't tell you how much your videos have helped me!

[@AlexandraFox12]

Simply great videos, so easy to grasp! I'm doing methods course in Educational Research and these short videos have finally freed me from the state of confusion I've been in during the lectures at university. Very helpful and I realized I really like working in SPSS!

[@AreJilesenWeAreUX]

Seriously stil loving your channel. You helped me pass my statistics exam back in 2020 and now again during my thesis! Cheers From the Netherlands.

[@sabamahnoor8692]

After six years ,you are still helpful sir.. tomorrow i have a practical and i want to do my best....thanks for sharing 😊

[@MallikaVenkatramani]

I'm working on my graduate thesis right now and need SPSS for analysis. This has been incredibly helpful. Thank you!

[@estellavaio]

this is a life saver, i've watched the first video up to this and everything was so easy to grasp.

[@aliyuhashim8360]

easy and accurate way of teaching and now i understand after watching many video of others before this video...... thank you so much.

[@sanjaseljan1405]

Absolutely excellent: clear, logical, understandable, interesting!

[@berglindsvansdottir6407]

Absolutely great explanation, very understandable and helpful! Thank you!

[@Darkhunterzzzz]

One of the most easy to understand video. Hats off teacher!!

[@user-ti3zg5kz6e]

这才是一个不讲废话，不罗里吧嗦，直击主题，绝世好老师

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he made these concepts really clear for a beginner. respect

[@ashokgohain1814]

I am watching this video now, and really it's so simple and so much informative and easy

[@ninagonzalez12]

Thank you so much for helping me understand how to use SPSS and interpret the output. SO HELPFUL.

[@ResearchByDesign]

I'm so glad!

[@ahsanqureshi3467]

Your contribution to my understanding of SPSS, somebody with NO stats background. Thanks

[@ResearchByDesign]

Glad to hear that! Wish you the best with your studies.

[@ayeshamoiz4086]

Absolutely excellent videos. I'm learning SPSS & your videos really help me out to understand all statistical stuff. Thumbs up👍👍

[@ResearchByDesign]

Thank you so much for the comment. Glad that the videos are helpful!

[@rahuljay5011]

thank you sir big respect to you!!!! your explanation is way better than my college professors

[@teddiezahra]

really easy to understand...never gets boring

[@yosepundung6297]

Thanks Doc.... so much enlightening, I enjoyed all your SPSS videos.....

[@salonipatankar8924]

oh my god THANK YOU SO MUCH. Was SO confused about my dissertation and your video made me understand the test so well! thank you!!

[@ResearchByDesign]

You're very welcome! That is great to hear

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spss made easy.. very interesting and easy lectures.. This one was very helpful.. !!

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Great contribution, i love it. it gives me clear understanding..... Thank you very much.

[@aevonshrestha8322]

Wonderful video i have learned clearly to analyze the data on SPSS, thank you so much and keep going sir.

[@ResearchByDesign]

You're most welcome. Wish you the best in your class

[@nicolestevenson3404]

THANK YOU!!! I had been so lost, until today!

[@ResearchByDesign]

Glad I could help!

[@thegeeentomato3116]

Thanks for posting this! It helped me a lot with my assignment and refreshing my SPSS knowledge

[@ResearchByDesign]

Great to hear! Thanks for the comment

[@abbyroselli1859]

Just stumbled upon these videos. Thank you for sharing this information. Extremely helpful!!

[@ResearchByDesign]

Glad it was helpful! Hope that you find other videos on the channel that are useful, as well.

[@baronzeegmot3801]

2000 word Biosciences report due tomorrow, thank you for this video it helped SO MUCH!!!😀😀

[@tinreisch]

After a million replays I finally understand, thank you :>

[@shumyedemissie6610]

Absolutely excellent: clear, logical, understandable, interesting! God bless u!!!!!!

[@ResearchByDesign]

Thank you Kindly! Glad they were helpful

[@thebigbadsam1]

This is a lifesaver. My grad teacher doesn't even bother teaching us how to use spss or even the class for that matter. Thank you for this.

[@ResearchByDesign]

So glad that the videos are helpful. I created my original videos so I could teach a class with them, so maybe that can help you along, too. Wish you the best learning in stats

[@iramana8710]

This helped me too because of that reason too ! Thanks for the easy explanation

[@liezlsurel5961]

Thank you very much for this video very informative and easy to follow.

[@SalmanKhan-iw5ef]

Hi, Dr Todd Daniel, i loved your videos & learned almost everything. Where can i find your other videos on regression, anova and other tests as well

[@alikarimi1987]

you are a miracle to whoever likes statistics Dr. Daniel

[@ResearchByDesign]

Thank you so much for the comment!

[@tesfayedegefawolde5496]

It made me to know easily SPSS Thank you

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Amazing tutorial! this is a real time refresher for me, thank you So much

[@ResearchByDesign]

Great to hear!

[@ehteshamali2893]

Thank you so much sir for explaining. You're the best. :)

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This is the best source to learn Statistics.

[@ResearchByDesign]

Thank you so much for the comment. Glad that you are enjoying the videos!

[@suvarnasasidharapanicker1430]

Easy to understand. Thank you so much.

[@Nbvcljkjgcg]

Thank you so much for sharing prof. it was very helpful.

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Really admirable way 2 teach Love 2 learn SPSS

[@ResearchByDesign]

Excellent...glad that the videos are helping you learn. Thanks for the comment.

[@MyDy08]

Accurate and precise. This help me a lot in my report.

[@ResearchByDesign]

Excellent...glad to hear it. Thank you so much for taking the time to comment.

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A nice educative and simple video.....keep it going.

[@AqleemAbbas]

Superb and Interesting lectures on SPSS

[@maheralsayed8195]

Awesome lecturer :) Thank you

[@patriciawambui671]

Thank you for the videos. They were very informative and also easy to understand

[@ResearchByDesign]

Glad you like them! Thanks for the comment

[@zain-ul-abidin7811]

He makes it all so simple!

[@ResearchByDesign]

Well, I try to make it simpler...there is still a lot to know. Good luck to you. :o)

[@dr.khaleequzzamankhan593]

Excellent lecture. Thank you very much for the explanation.

[@ResearchByDesign]

Thank you so much!

[@myself047]

Fantastic Tutorial....Thank You Sir

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Thank you very much from Somalia

[@marissadaily]

Amazing. Thank you so much.

[@negusuworku2375]

Thank you Sir. It is Very helpful. Keep it up.

[@utkarshkunwar4319]

Hello Professor! Thank you for providing such easy to grasp content on both statistics and SPSS! There's one little doubt I had in this particular lecture and that being how come do we have df (degrees of freedom) 8 here instead of 9? Since we do not have "height" and "weight" data for two respondents, that leaves us with 10 complete pairs, and as told before, df in this case should be 10 - 1 = 9. Or is it because we independently calculated the df here, like 5 pair of data points for Men (so df = 4), and 5 pair of data points for women (df = 4) ?

[@laurawhite1173]

Thank you for explaining this slowly and clearly. My lecturers explanation was hopelessly convoluted compared to this video. You saved me o.o

[@ResearchByDesign]

Glad it was helpful!

[@monitoringandevaluationtitbits]

Thanks for the vivid explanation.

[@ResearchByDesign]

My pleasure! Thank you for taking the time to comment

[@lparreguy]

great explanation. Thank you

[@SimoneWilliams-pe7vp]

Just awesome!

[@margherita4524]

these videos are so helpful!

[@ResearchByDesign]

Great...glad to hear it! Please keep watching.

[@angelouamoreaballe8230]

What type of test should I use when I need to compare the susceptibility of the test organisms to the fungal isolates in my study?

[@waititstiiina]

Say I'm doing research on the correlation between study time and academic achievement. And I am using three different classes and the time used to study each of those classes. What kind of t-test would I have to use?

[@TheKristicool]

Great explanantion ,thanks

[@AqleemAbbas]

Great Lecture

[@jjm1709]

Can we use this test for compare same grouping variable( nominal) with 4 test variables ( scale) at the same time?

[@amnayasin3166]

Can u please suggest how to compare age groups between two groups in SPSS ( for example Consumers and non consumers)???

[@check7737]

Thank you. This is really helpful

[@ResearchByDesign]

Glad that it was helpful!

[@hudagubara5492]

You just saved my graduation project, thank you.

[@ResearchByDesign]

Glad I could help! That is wonderful to hear!

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THE BEST!! THANK YOU!

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The best thus far. way better than my lecturer. can u take over his place? lollol. He taught and half of the class couldn't understand. We are gonna sit for an exam and you did an amazing job by helping me to get this on my head. Thanks, Dr.

[@ResearchByDesign]

Glad that the videos were helpful. Please recommend them to your classmates, as well. Best of luck in your class and don't be too hard on your instructor...we all have to learn somewhere and teaching is not as easy as it may seem. Cheers!

[@sharaniasharania6646]

@@ResearchByDesign I wish we could take easy on our lecturer... theres a difference between a passionate lecturer and "I dont care, but just feeling in the quota coz I have a privilege" lecturer.... whenever we asks, He says "Ask your friends" and speaks the native language when the others dont understand. Lol.... Too scared to even complain🤷‍♀️, scared that our marks will be jeopardized and they whole system turn against us. Anyway thank you

[@vincentjohnson435]

your explanations have valid reasons.....

[@ResearchByDesign]

Thanks so much!

[@artimalik1126]

Sir, where can I find your videos on effect size

[@nayakarpita]

if in confidence interval both lower and upper value comes to be negative then will it include zero?

[@pavanisiricilla8707]

Hello sir@research by design How you took critical value

[@edisonjaygarcia8167]

THANK YOU VERY MUCH

[@marjean94]

I just can't figure this out if you have more than like 2 variables...my assignment has like 8 that we're supposed to run a t test with and I can't get it to run.

[@malazalnour9896]

Thank you so much

[@rashi_psy]

Wonderful presentation sir.

[@ResearchByDesign]

So nice of you. thank you

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excellent!

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you have my respect

[@ResearchByDesign]

Thank you!

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Do you have any idea how Amazing is your teaching?!!!!

[@ResearchByDesign]

What a wonderful comment...I am touched, thank you so much. Wonderful to hear that.

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great video

[@jackiehuang5391]

Hi, Dr Todd, where to obtain the Student's Distribution Table for comparing t value?

[@ResearchByDesign]

There is an effect size calculator in the course Google Drive (see the link in the description). It has a t table. Let me see about posting a copy of the one that I refer to in the video, as well. Thanks for taking the time to comment.

[@Junie0911]

thank you for this great video. Would you mind help me with this question regarding the Independent samples t-test which has driven me nuts recently? Let's say I want to compare the income (IC) between male and female; and the component "income" consists of various types of income (IC1, IC2, IC3). Is it possible to compare IC with cumulated means of IC1, IC2 and IC3 (using independent t-test)? The video only mentions how to compare means of each items. Thank you very much.

[@ResearchByDesign]

Yes, absolutely. Create a sub scale by getting the mean of IC1 to IC3, then using that single mean as the DV in your t test. Alternatively, you can do a mixed ANOVA where you consider each IC variable separately for both categories of gender. Good luck

[@Junie0911]

@@ResearchByDesign that answers my question. Thank you very much.

[@Me050292]

This might sound weird but I love you...

[@ResearchByDesign]

We statisticians often evoke that kind of response from women...there is something about a guy who knows how to calculate t tests and use proper APA style. :o) Thanks for the comment...made me smile.

[@marvins1373]

What if the results for the 3 ways of statistical significance condradict? So for example just one says significant and the other two not significant

[@chiaradadamo7050]

Hi! Thank you for your amazingly helpful videos. I have a question. Can the independent t-test be run with one-tailed p value? If yes, how? If not, why? Thank you so much!

[@ResearchByDesign]

Yes you can! Here is a video about a one-sample t test. The technique is the same: kzbin.info/www/bejne/i5KqfniGlriUfNE

[@chiaradadamo7050]

@@ResearchByDesign Thank you so much! Your videos are hugely helpful!. In your video, you change the CI from 95% to 90%. Would it still be okay if I kept mine to 95%?

[@ABDULLAHMALIK]

Excellent elaboration

[@ResearchByDesign]

Many thanks

[@physicaltherapyhome5661]

normality test for paired samples, many colleges place pretest and posttest values and giving to sign values while others place differences between pretest and posttest giving one sign value, what is the true???

[@situmapw8219]

Awesome

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I can't tell if you should be a professor or a door salesman. You would be well suited for both! :p

[@hagiosfemi3508]

Thanks so much

[@ResearchByDesign]

You're welcome!

[@ColorfulPotatoes333]

How can you determine the mean difference between your two groups

[@dailydosetv7187]

Thanks Prof, your videos really helped me here in Kenya, where there are few such cool instructors... Where can I get the Rstat institute videos that give everything in detail?

[@ResearchByDesign]

I think that if you go to the main channel (now "Research by Design"), you will find playlists and videos specific to every part of an introductory statistics course. Thanks for the question. kzbin.info

[@dailydosetv7187]

@@ResearchByDesign thanks for the clarification

[@sukantakundu2864]

Amazing

[@ResearchByDesign]

Thank you! Cheers!

[@marshel9884]

Brilliant

[@ResearchByDesign]

Thanks for the comment!

[@theruball]

Hi guys. Is there a video on how too recode variables for example I need too find out if the gender of male and female are meeting a combination of reccomemded Aerobic amd Muscle strengthen guidelines

[@ResearchByDesign]

I was sure I had a recoding video, but it seems not. Your best bet is the Transform > Recode into different variables command. You create an Output variable based on ranges of scores. You may be looking for the Transform > Create New Variable command if you want to combine two (or more) variables into one, such as you would do with a Crosstabulation

[@derrickkabasa]

Thank you

[@ResearchByDesign]

You're welcome

[@oumridahoune7878]

Thanks ,but how about levene's test for equality of variances

[@ResearchByDesign]

No problem...here you go: kzbin.info/www/bejne/ap7Odo2unN2AiKM

[@hailudejene3856]

Great

[@israruddin5560]

Thank you sir....

[@ResearchByDesign]

Most welcome

[@Luciiffeerr]

I still don't get this. Think I'm to tired, but I was wondering, we are doing an analysis and the have the question we asked on SPSS and made variables out of them. So example: Did you experienced you intro at work as positiv? The answer they could choose from were ''a lot* little and so on. We remade the variable answers to '' negativ and positive''' in SPSS because the percentage of people who answered was low. Can we do. t-test on the negativ and positive variables or did I just not understand why we need to do a t-test? Im so tired of this right now haha

[@ResearchByDesign]

Well, it is always a more enjoyable experience to do stats when your brain is fresh. Trying to learn when you are tired is tough. That said, I am having a little trouble following your research design. I have a few other videos about setting up an independent t test that might help clarify what you need in order to do the test. Start with this one: kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuqoJ2Mrdd5rJI