16-31 Jan DTE 2025:Development, Environment & Health, Rupee depreciation Down to Earth

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Bhopal Gas Tragedy
A month after India commemorated the 40th anniversary of the Bhopal gas tragedy when a leak of toxic methyl isocyanate gas from a Union Carbide India Limited pesticide factory claimed over 5,000 lives-337 tonnes of hazardous waste were transported from the factory site to Pithampur, an industrial area 250 km away.
The waste, which includes pesticide residues and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) had remained at the Union Carbide plant since the disaster. Various studies had highlighted its role in contaminating groundwater in the surrounding areas.
Following an order from the Madhya Pradesh High Court in December 2024, the waste was scheduled to be treated and incinerated at Pithampur.
However, the decision sparked protests from residents and political groups, who raised concerns about potential environmental pollution from incinerating such a large quantity of toxic material.
A group of doctors approached the High Court seeking a halt to the transportation of the waste.
Extreme Heat
Climate change contributed an average of 41 additional days of extreme heat in 2024, posing a significant threat to public health, according to a report by the World Weather Attribution (WWA) research consortium and the non-profit Climate Central.
Small island and developing nations experienced the highest number of these dangerous heat days, the analysis, released on December 27, revealed.
The report also highlighted that the record-breaking global temperatures in 2024 resulted in unprecedented rainfall, leading to devastating floods across regions from Kathmandu to Dubai from Rio Grande do Sul to the Southern Appalachians.
In early January, several countries, including Brazil, Indonesia, Serbia, and China, reported that 2024 had been their hottest year on record.
Brazil recorded an average temperature of 25.05°C, Indonesia 27.05°C, Serbia 13.3°C, and China 10.92°C.