1962 "TRANSISTORS" - How NPN Transistors Function, training film; electronics; circuits (HD)

TRANSISTORS: An vintage 1962 training film details the functions of the NPN transistor. Clear diagrams and narration covers key concepts of electron flow in NPN transistor circuits. NPN transistors are a type of bipolar transistor with three layers that are used for signal amplification.
"NPN" denotes a “negative-positive-negative” transistor, which is controlled by a current flow.
The NPN transistor is divided into three sections: emitter, base, and collector. This is Part 3 of the Army series of electronics training on Transistors, but it stands on its own as an educational tool. Exceptionally good quality; 20 mins, produced by U.S. Army. Uploaded by the Computer History Archives Project (CHAP) for historical and educational content.
Topics and Terms included:
Transistor
variable resistor
diode
electron
electronics
Junction
emitter
collector
load resistor
bios voltage
germanium transistor
silicon transistor
oscilloscope
transistor circuits
T.F. 11 3048
More information:
Troubleshooting Transistor Circuits
• 1962 "TROUBLESHOOTING ...
PHILCO Transistors
• Video
Computer History Museum, Mountain View, California (article):
www.computerhistory.org/silic...
RCA 501 Transistorized Computer
• Computer History: RCA ...
{The first transistorized computer in the U.S. was the TRADIC (for TRAnsistor DIgital Computer or Transistorized Airborne Digital Computer) completed in 1954. It was built by J.H.Felker of Bell Labs for the United States Air Force.}

[@pantherplatform]

I love these old videos about electronics. Solid state technology.

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi Panther Platform, thanks for the feedback. Glad you continue to enjoy these. Keep well! ~ Victor, at CHAP

[@gauravgulati3693]

Excellent lesson on Transistor basics. Thankyou.

[@SpringDivers]

WOW. This reminds me of a lecture I was given in a No.1ESS school back in 1973.

[@shinigamilee5915]

It reminds me of a long time before I was born. 🤣

[@americanspirit8932]

I also had a lecture back in 1966 I believe in New York my first ESS class learning how to build binary counter with transistors, my career took me through number one ESS, tsps, ETS, number for e s s and number five ESS, 36 years of service. I had a great career and great memories met many many people throughout the United States oh, God bless AT&T

[@sophiestabilitron3771]

Thank you for this wonderful treasure of how NPN Transistor works! Still timely accurate even to this day and age where many devices still rely on transistors!

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi Sophie Stabilitron's Lab, thank you for the kind words. We love the detail of this video training too. Good stuff. Thanks for visiting our channel. Hope you can visit our other vintage tech videos as well. ~ Victor, CHAP

[@VRGamercz]

What do you mean by many devices still rely on transistors? Every electronic device we use is made out of transistors.

[@sophiestabilitron3771]

@@VRGamercz I agree, toys, remote controls, small signal triggers in control boards, even transistor radios, they are a lot, transistors are simple devices that can do either to amplify or to act as switch, according to its own technical specifications.

[@VRGamercz]

@@sophiestabilitron3771 Yes, transistors are simple devices indeed. But shrink them down, combine them in logic gates and you get integrated circuits. And those are in all devices, not some.

[@sophiestabilitron3771]

@@VRGamercz I do agree, best example was the development of 555 Timer IC.

[@garygranato9164]

thank you for this great vid, why would anybody give it a thumbs down ??? must be 4 dorks :)

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi Gary, thank you. Glad you enjoyed it! ~ Hunter, at CHAP

[@NipkowDisk]

Another extraordinarily educational film from an earlier era, thank you for posting these treasures!!!

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi Nipkow Disk, thank you for the encouragement and support! We enjoy the research and sharing part. Keep well! ~ Victor

[@alaughingface5486]

Thank you so much for this video. I hope KZbin to be useful.

[@CosmosNut]

This reminds me of B double E P school in the Navy back in the late 70's. Went on to the ET 'A' school (Radar) and we had to know circuits at a glance same for my ET 'C' training. After discharge was never really challenged to that level. We were still taught component level tube as well as xistor circuit theory.

[@nysaea]

This is an amazing resource, thanks for sharing!!!

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi Sysphe, Glad it was helpful! Thank you for the great feedback!

[@SoddingaboutSi]

This was really enjoyable to watch. Brilliant thank you.

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi Simon, glad you enjoyed this. We were lucky to find this film in such good shape. Glad to share it. ~ Victor

[@ALEFILES]

Thanks a lot for these interesting and educative videos!!! The effort and time that the makers put is remarkable! Greetings from Argentina...

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi Alefiles, thank you very much for the kind words! It is much appreciated! ~ Victor, CHAP

[@ReyciclismoMTB]

Wow a clear explanation, obviously military.

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Yes, the clarity is refreshing. Makes it easy to follow. Perhaps the military precision of the pacing helps. : ) Thanks for your feedback!

[@Denvermorgan2000]

Looking forward to watching this.

[@AjinkyaMahajan]

15:50 The biasing of the Transistor is Incorrect [Same Supply Vtg is applied to Base Resistor and Collector Resistor] Even when you resolve this issue, the device constantly switches between saturation and cutoff, like a Schmitt Trigger, and a square wave is generated.

[@SS-mj2mq]

This video was awesome thank you military 🤗💖 and thank you for those that were involved uploading this video to KZbin bless you all very much👏👏👏💯🏆

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi S S, thank you very much for the kind words. This is one of four transistor-related videos we have uploaded. I hope you can explore the other videos as well. These early documentaries were put together with considerable thought to clarity and training of engineers. Good stuff from over 60 years ago! ~ Victor, at CHAP

[@SS-mj2mq]

@@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject you're very welcome. And thank you so much for sharing you're a blessing 🤗💯🏆.And yes it was very clear and precise I agree.

[@jasonmorgan661]

Thank you for these important insights. Im working on making my firat 3 phase or brushless motor driver or Bldc controller with each phase controlled by mosfets or npn555. Lots of hirdles .worth the journey without a doubt.

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi Jason, glad this is helpful. Thanks for your feedback! ~ Victor, CHAP

[@laustinspeiss]

I remember the dominant transistors ‘back in the day’ were the early PNP germanium types like the OC71. It wasn’t until a few years later that ‘low side’ NPN switching transistors became more prolific. Nowadays, that has largely been carried on with N-channel MOSFETS.

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Great info, thank you. ~ VK

[@BillySugger1965]

There is so much wrong with this description! But it is fascinating to see how early transistor theory was taught.

[@trevorvanbremen4718]

AGREED!!! It's almost as if they had not yet come to the conclusion that a BJT is a CURRENT controlled device as opposed to the extant tubes that were more VOLTAGE controlled (Not to mention all the OTHER issues!)

[@stephenjacks8196]

Actually a 1930s patent on a Silicon Carbide (SiC) Field Effect Transistor. The inventor experimented on SiC diodes, as it was used that way in early rectifiers and ham radio. He didn't note the junction transistor amplification because the physically created junctions were too far apart. (Why Germanium transistors made of depositing a thin layer of Germanium on salt crystals, dissolving the salt, then plating Gallium or Indium dots on either side, then heated to diffuse the PN junctions closer.

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Stephen, fascinating information. Thank you for sharing this! ~ Victor, at CHAP

[@caturdaynite7217]

2nd semester of Electronics school, transistor theory, 1986. Wish I wasn't so hungover for these classes at 8:30 am. What masochist scheduled these classes? Next class was applied calculus. Still have all the books.

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi Caturday Nite, "transistor theory," then "applied calculus" ? That sounds like a real brain workout! I bet it felt good when you were done with it. : )

[@erikdenhouter]

2 hours of German language for me at that scheduled time, and I surely failed on that....

[@Learnelectronics738]

Great you video

[@davidjames666]

Thank you for explaining how my iphone works

[@marcse7en]

When this film was made in 1962 (incidentally, the year of my birth), I somehow don't think they foresaw the evolution of small hand-held computers! 👎😂

[@jamesslick4790]

@@marcse7en Indeed. The whole concept of the integrated circuit itself was only 3 years old and could contain only a few transistors at that point!

[@BlenderRookie]

LOL the starting music was so ominous.

[@StromboliKicks]

Is there a way to find part I and II? Thanks for the videos.

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Hi StronboliKicks, we are looking for more of this training series. As we find and restore, we plan to upload when possible. We do have Part 7 of this series uploaded here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/d3WVZISgmtR4r8k (in my view, Par 7 is even more interesting). Thanks for the feedback! ~ C. Hunter, CHAP

[@aliciaorduna1984]

Traducir al español. Graciad

[@duality4y]

the holes don't actually move but it's good enough for illustration

[@laustinspeiss]

Go look for the film ‘Holes’. The holes really do move ! en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holes_(film)

[@SeekingTheLoveThatGodMeans7648]

It's electrons going the other way that makes the apparent motion of holes in P type semiconductors possible. But these electrons don't travel almost freely as in a conventional conductor. They pop from position to position in the semiconductor lattice, filling holes and leaving other holes behind. The N type semiconductor is characterized by a surfeit of electrons for the lattice (though not, of course, for the atomic nuclei) and the electrons pop directly from lattice displaced position to lattice position back to lattice displaced position. Still it's those electrons having to weave from position to position through a lattice with which they interact that give the semiconductor its special properties. In a good conductor the electrons aren't impeded much (or at all for a superconductor) by lattice interactions.

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Fascinating description.

[@rags417]

Zinc Oxide and You !

[@jamesslick4790]

....But how do I use Zinc.. Oxide?

[@rags417]

@@jamesslick4790 Watch for Science Series 7 - Rebuilding Your Home ! kzbin.info/www/bejne/r6CYmGWCgd1-fsk

[@ideaokl6031]

🙏👍👍👍👍👍🙏

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Thank you for the "thumbs up" ! ~ CHAP

[@georgemoraleswork]

Alien tech

[@kenw.1112]

All processors are made up of pnp & npn transistors. Transistors are the key components of electronic equipment.

[@airmag]

Again, the same narrator in 1554458th video from the 50's and 60's.

[@6F6G]

They keep saying that the output is 180° out of phase with the input but in reality the output is inverted.

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Interesting... good observation. ~ Victor

[@6F6G]

@@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject A sine wave does look like a 180° phase shift but if an asymmetrical waveform is input then the phase shift explanation goes out the window.

[@teoval1827]

@bob s but 180 degrees out of phase does indeed mean inverted, for sinusoid signals, does it not?????

[@6F6G]

@@teoval1827 For a sine wave, inverted is effectively 180° out of phase but if the waveform is not symmetrical eg a train of pulses where the mark-space ratio is uneven then the output isn't phase shifted, just inverted.

[@teoval1827]

@@6F6G my mistake, i didn't watch the whole video.

[@ttl4096]

😂

[@repairitdontreplaceit]

i am so glad i didnt watch this when i started in electronics 50 years ago . so many things wrong here