The Genesis of the Transistor, with Bonus Introduction - AT&T Archives

[@JoeRichardRules]

This stuff should be taught in every primary school in America or the world for that matter.

[@TheLionAndTheLamb777]

They don't even have basic electrical and electronics electives in most school districts now.

[@ctwentysevenj6531]

One of humanity's greatest inventions, the transistor.

[@leavemyrightsalone]

I doubt it is human that invented this. Humans are too dumb and don't live long enough to learn enough.

[@TheFlutecart]

agreed.

[@crumplezone1]

Thanks guys for bringing us the tech we have today :),

[@eric4709]

Think they would be turning in their graves in they knew the extent to which semiconductor technology has invaded our lives - I;m sure they never intended it to spawn the surveillance society we now live in.

[@gristly_knuckle]

@@eric4709 William Shockley won the Nobel Prize for this research! Who could have suspected such an outcome?!? He *was* IQ.

[@JaredConnell]

​@@eric4709ya I'm sure they hate how many lives are saved and made more fulfilling with the advent of modern technology just because the government spies in a few aspects of our lives to stop terrorists and other violent crimes....

[@GavinoFelix]

The Introduction is wonderful! If only Mr. Kupczak had done science documentaries I watched growing up (e.g. NOVA, whatever was on public television in the U.S. 80's 90's) I would have probably pursued science more formally in high school...

[@Critter145]

God, I love the enthusiasm of the presenter at the beginning of these videos. I bet he’s a super cool guy to hang out with.

[@PhoneLosersofAmerica]

Happy 65th anniversary, transistor!

[@Backtitrationfan]

Happy 75th anniversary now?

[@sniffulsquack5608]

Cant believe im subbed to an atnt channel but these vids are super nice. They should bring these types of programs back.

Thank you AT&T.

[@Lauderdalesfinest954754]

Crystal Triode®..I like that one.!

[@donmoore7785]

But it was seen as relating to much to previous technology (vacuum tube) so they wisely rejected it.

[@manualdomaker9549]

First of all, congratulations on your work.

[@aleksanderbarnas8594]

Field effect transistor was invented and patented (US1900018) in 1925 by Julius Edgar Lilienfeld. Why he was omitted from the Nobel Prize? Also good to know that the growing crystals technology used for manufacturing any silicon semiconductors including transistors, IC's, microprocessors was developed by Jan Czochralski (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czochralski_method). Thanks to this invention there is now ANY electronics at all...

[@georgeklimes7604]

He came up with the concept, yes. But it was not possible to do back then.

[@donmoore7785]

Maybe because Lilienfeld was never able to make a working device? Do you think that may have beeen a factor?

[@ahojlax]

That's real the Nobel One.

[@jpolar394]

I'm surprised that the song " Hells Bells Laboratory " is not in this video documentary.

[@ONRIPRESENCE]

Fun fact: the development of oil-free, high vacuum turbomolecular pumps in the 1950s indirectly drove the development of thin film transistors, other thin film devices, and ultimately the semiconductor industry :)

[@louf7178]

10:04 Why it this considered an amplifier and not a type of switch? Or is meant that with other circuitry on the switched side an amplifier (or other qualities beyond the vacuum tube) could be designed?

[@ShaunMcDngh]

Transistors are used to amplify as well. It's all about how they are wired(circuitry).

[@louf7178]

@@ShaunMcDngh How does it have this energy to do this amplification? If it is due to the matter used, does that matter eventually deplete?

[@ShaunMcDngh]

@@louf7178 Basically a transistor can be used to control a larger voltage/current in a circuit from a smaller voltage/current. There are thousands of different transistors. Some are used to amplify voltage and some better for current, some are better switching applications(again controlling a voltage or current from another voltage or current).

[@marinvidovic763]

​@@ShaunMcDnghimagin you put your hand/ fingers in dark room in front of the reflector.... ....reflector with its original Power drives the light beam and creates the white spot no the wall ... and with the small movements of your fingers you create HUGE black picture on the wall and you modify its shape and activity. ..i think something like ... that... (???) Big curent already exist in the loop emiter - colector ...incoming signal ...avtiny current on the Base ...just gives a Larger existing signal a SHAPE .... ... a larger signal becomes A copy of the small original signal.

[@Islam_K_Abu_Almohtade_]

Thanks for this God's gift video ... transconductance and variable resistance ... you are ninja of semiconductors

[@justineleeniquette]

Fascinating ❤️

[@louf7178]

So, metal "conductors" are semi-conductors too - just with electron flow at room temperature?

[@xxafthabxx9346]

It takes billions of transistors to watch this video from your device itself, combine it with the networks of computers being used to stream the video for you.

[@yoramstein]

I surprized only 20435 people have watched till now this video.

[@TheLionAndTheLamb777]

They're too busy reading about celebrities. Whomever the flavor of the year that the gossip is about. Watching material to help you grow mentally is not a thing that people do generally anymore.

[@georgeklimes7604]

Further proof our country gets dumber by the decade.

[@xxafthabxx9346]

True, no one cares about the big brains involved behind the inventions. The human brain is simply unparalleled fast forward to today transistors raise children now

[@louf7178]

Does it amplify because the electron influence is greater than 1:1 ? Such as: one electron jiggle on the controlled side allows more than one electron to pass on the other circuit? It seems energy is needed to do amplification.

[@Vincent_Sullivan]

Yes Lou, that is exactly correct. Transistors are characterised in many different ways. One of those characteristics is "beta" which is a measurement of the "current gain" of the transistor. The beta of a typical good quality small signal junction transistor would be around 100. This means that if you send 1 electron into (or out of - transistors are made in both NPN and PNP polarities) the control element (the "base") of a transistor 100 electrons will flow in the output circuit (the "collector") assuming the external circuit makes the electrons available. The third connection of the transistor (the "emitter") is common to both the input and output circuits and will see a flow of 101 electrons. Beta is not a fixed number. Different types (part numbers) of transistors will have different betas and transistors of the same part number can have a range of betas and still be considered as meeting the specification for that part number. The beta of a given transistor will vary with temperature, voltage levels, and the amount of current flow among many other things.

[@marinvidovic763]

I asume that natural flow of big curent (e.g. ~100) exists anyway , between colector and emiter ...only ... what maters is a base currents " shape" that just modifies already existing flow ..into a magnified copy of itself. Am I right ???

[@Critter145]

Does anybody know about Col. Philip Corso’s comments about the development of transistors at Bell Labs in 1947?

[@faruksedef]

Real Men Age. Wars were real, Science were real, life was real.

[@halfdome4158]

Such a great comment.

[@GavinoFelix]

Also, does anyone know if there are anymore videos with George Kupczak?

[@KayvonJavid]

He retired

[@charlesashurst1816]

The crystal triode? Hmmm.

[@hectormiguel9201]

!Asombroso ¡ sencillamente complejo como amplificar el flujo del electron, pero otra cosa sería como almacenar momentaneamente la frecuencia electromagnetica aun no nacia el microchip.

[@locouk]

14:47 By solar battery, do they mean solar panel?

[@TheLionAndTheLamb777]

The ol' Napster Cat is still lurking I see.

[@louf7178]

Yes, although "panel" usually means large. "Battery" is commonly used wrongly for "cell" (e.g. dry alkaline cell); a solar "cell" is probably commonly used wrongly because it is a battery of solar cells, and here it surely is a battery of solar cells (performing the similar function of dry cells). Again, a "panel" would be large e.g. on top of a house roof. There is use of common language terms here.

[@gk10002000]

ah the basics. I remember making a home made crystal radio set. Wrapped wires around a toilet paper cardboard tube, ground wire to the steam radiator, a piece of crystal a diode and voila

[@ahojlax]

That's really Nobel One.

[@jhonesfgh4489]

Bing history of transistor very good

[@karloslerma7851]

Wonder what's next 👽

[@shionhaggi8163]

great

[@chalycanmonroe]

11:09 - GOD POWER! 🙌💫

[@วีโกวีโก-ฌ9ณ]

มันคือต้นกำเนิดคอมพิวเตอร์ และไฟฟ้าสำคัญยิ่งกว่าเพราะเป็นเชื้อให้เกิดพลังของสสารมวลสาร ขาดไฟฟ้า ไม่มีไฟฟ้าจึงเป็นใดๆไม่ได้ในโลกปัจจุบัน

[@Inverted.surfer]

Imagine sitting down to dinner having discussions about this stuff.... Well, we sit down to TV, we eat sh.... we think sh.... we do sh.... If only they had engineered society with such care. For the good of all, not just the greedy rich !!!

[@PhoneLosersofAmerica]

Walter Bratton's voice is hilarious.

[@caycloker901]

BESTEEE UNIKE EXEMPLARR FORDVER

[@CoffeeAndPaul]

Sounds at 1:46 belong in a Ren & Stimpy episode!

[@ΛάζαροςΚοσμίδης-σ2ζ]

And what was the transition from vacuum tubes to crystals?? Puf!!!! and just like that the property of crystals discovered... right on time...

[@Neo_indian1]

Mordern TESLA 🔥🔥

[@prestoncheapbtheadphoneste3010]

👍🏾👍🏾👍🏾

[@gnuPirate]

Transistor ? That's a funny name. I'd have called it a Chuzzwozza ! (: Awesome documentary. Thanks.

[@ZilogBob]

Doh!

[@Porototype22]

It works like Dam and water And Transistor it's electric dam

[@421sap]

In Father and King Jesus' Name, Amen ✝️✨

[@shinigamilee5915]

He is my son.

[@DANTHETUBEMAN]

The device that ruined the world.

[@daviddarfdas]

Agreed but the potential remains. It all depends on how we use it.

[@xxafthabxx9346]

Depends on how it's used

[@antigen4]

that walter brattain ... could have used better communication or 'people' skills it seems ...

[@louf7178]

It was real. Do you want an overly dramatic, large, solitary stage presence where he "drops the mic' " at the end? - that is a millenial psychotic condition embellished by marketing, media and juvenile behavior.

[@antigen4]

oh yes i agree - refreshing kinda ... but it's kind of funny in contrast to everytihng that's so over-rehearsed now

[@georgeklimes7604]

These guys were PhD level science geeks. They were not trained presenters. I saw some videos with that look and feel when I was small, and I always thought they sounded cool yet serious.

[@tommyhession9360]

fujifilm fine pix j11ow

[@DanKirchner5150]

transmister

[@sebastianwhalin743]

Aand yall wanted to keep that invention for yourselves

[@abadplanner1]

Tesla electricity or anti biotics more important invention.

[@germancampos1498]

Antibiotics nor Tesla AC couldn´t be controlled and massified without transistors... as well as many other things, from telecommunications to computers...

[@ericorff9994]

The word Woman was not used once.

[@slimtimm1]

George is the WORST presenter EVER!!! That LISP is just COMICAL!!

[@Coleen_West]

Why do you speak like that? Is that some type of accent? Who speaks like that is it some Eastern thing... Maybe if you slow your speech and speak from your chest it will lower the pitch. Just something please!

[@FelonyVideos]

I came back just to say this video sucked too much to watch. Everyone should Google William Shockley. His bravest work was not the transistor, but his IQ research. He is amazing.

[@daviddarfdas]

You mean the idea that black people are an intellectually inferior race? Or his proposition that those with an IQ lower than 100 should undergo sterilization? Cut the crap. He undoubtedly was a very smart man but his views regarding intelligence were all but ethical.

[@donmoore7785]

Your comment is totally irrelevant. You "came back" to post it? Waste of time.

[@antigen4]

was that liberace giving the intro to this? this is a very silly 'documentary' - just a crappy news reel for 12 year olds

[@SuperDavy91]

At&t did not invent the transistor, I hate it when people say that. Corporations do not invent things lol men and women do, so 3 men that worked at bell labs (research department of at&t) did though 🙂