+2 second year History/ I.V.C / Harappan sabhyata/ part

+2 second year History/ I.V.C / Harappan sabhyata/ part _1

Рет қаралды 604

Күн бұрын

+2 second year History/ I.V.C. / Harappan sabhyata/ part _1
#education #history
Educational content:_
HARAPPA CIVILIZATION
HARAPPA CULTURE
HARAPPA
HISTORY
+2 HISTORY
PLUS TWO HISTORY
+2 ARTS
Gantayata education
🔴 Introduction:-
______________________
The history of India begins with the birth of the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC),
also known as Harappan Civilization.
It flourished around 2,500 BC, in the western part of South Asia, in contemporary
Pakistan and Western India.
The Indus Valley was home to the largest of the four ancient urban civilizations of
Egypt, Mesopotamia, India and China.
In 1920s, the Archaeological Department of India carried out excavations in the Indus
valley wherein the ruins of the two old cities, viz. Mohenjodaro and Harappa were
unearthed.
In 1924, John Marshall, Director-General of the ASI, announced the discovery of a
new civilisation in the Indus valley to the world
🔴Phases of IVC
_______________________:-
Three phases of IVC are:
the Early Harappan Phase from 3300 to 2600 BCE,
the Mature Harappan Phase from 2600 to 1900 BCE, and
the Late Harappan Phase from 1900 to 1300 BCE.
The Early Harappan Phase is related to the Hakra Phase, identified in the Ghaggar-
Hakra River Valley.
The earliest examples of the Indus script date back to 3000 BC.
This phase stands characterized by centralized authority and an increasingly urban
quality of life.
Trade networks had been established and there are also evidences of the
cultivation of crops. Peas, sesame seeds, dates, cotton, etc, were grown during that
time.
Kot Diji represents the phase leading up to Mature Harappan Phase.
By 2600 BC, the Indus Valley Civilization had entered into a mature stage.
The early Harappan communities were turning into large urban centers, like Harappa
and Mohenjodaro in Pakistan and Lothal in India.
The signs of a gradual decline of the Indus River Valley Civilization are believed to
have started around 1800 BC and by 1700 BC, most of the cities were abandoned.
However, one can see the various elements of the Ancient Indus Valley Civilization in
later cultures.
➡️
‪@MuTraveller‬
‪@KZbinstarDillip‬
‪@YoungstarDillip‬
‪@khangsresearchcentre1685‬