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2 zlotys from silver "Polonia" 1933 at @Mint_UA
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The earliest image of Polonia that has come down to us is found in a collection of epigrams called "The Menagerie" (1562) by the Polish writer of the Renaissance Mykola Ray. In one of the illustrations, Poland is depicted as a mother mourning her difficult fate. The grieving mother symbolized the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth torn apart by private interests. Like some other Polonias of that time, this image is taken from a literary source, namely from the "Chronicles of Gallus Anonymous": in one of the chapters, Poland is represented as a mother grieving after the death of her son, King Boleslaw I the Brave.
In the early modern times, allegorical images of Poland, along with the image of the white eagle and portraits of kings and princes, most effectively embodied the concept of the Polish state. It is with such a functional load that the image of Polonia appears on the first pages of several books, in particular, Simon Starowolski's 1632 work "Polonia", written with the aim of debunking the myths about Poland that were prevalent at that time. Poland-Polonia holds a hat (a symbol of freedom) in her hand, and in the background are representatives of the Polish nobility, the heirs of radiant freedom). In another work, "Orbis Polonus" by Simon Okolsky (1642), there is an image of the ruler Polonia, in front of her lies the royal regalia, she is surrounded by representatives of the nobility, and above her head hovers the Polish white eagle.
But the most famous image of Polonia - a painting by Jan Matejk - was painted three centuries later. The canvas "The year 1863. Poland is encircled" depicts the consequences of the unsuccessful January uprising of the Poles. Polonia Matejko not only served as the personification of the Polish nation, but also symbolized the rebellious spirit and steadfastness of the Poles during the years of partition.