20 Things We Don't Know about Ancient Rome

Of course as of 2021. If it changes in the future, do not forget to point it out in the comments!
#Rome #History
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Music from Imperator: Rome (2019) developed by Paradox Interactive.
Imperator: Rome (Complete Soundtrack) by Jonatan Järpehag.

[@henrygaudart7557]

I disagree with you on 2 different points. 1/Yes we know where Alésia is. It is Alise sainte-reine. There are archeological evidences that there was a massive siege there and Vercingétorix was there. They Found tons of roman and Gallic stuffs. There is no controverse, some people Say it is in jura because the geography looks like what Caesar described but in this area they did not find archeological evidence that there was a big roman siége. So alise saint reine is Alésia. There are archaelogical evidence for Alesia in Burgundy, coins that were minted with Vercingetorix but with an unusual metal. So it is sure that the coins were minted during a siege and Vercingetorix was in this city. And there are archaelogical evidences that there was a big siege (one of the biggest) there. If Alesia is in Jura, you have to explain why Vercingetorix was in Alise-Sainte-Reine (Burgundy) besieged, that there was a big siege there and there are 0 mention in Caesar or in later latin author that there was a big battle there if not Alesia. So the theory of Alesia in Jura does not hold up and archaelogists and historians dont believe at all in this theory. 2/Also IT seems that Porsenna was King of Rome after the fall of Tarquinius. A lot of historians and archaelogist believe that Porsenna was indeed king. So Tarquinius was not King once again.

[@xbhairav9558]

Ok.

[@leonida5943]

Source for the Porsenna claim?

[@88GAF]

We know what Aurelian looked like! His glorious visage stills shines upon us each morning and warms us all with his eternal glory! His form is so bright and glorious that even to gaze upon it for several moments causes permanent eye damage truly none can look upon him for his wisdom is unparalleled. If any wish to dispute this FACT I only have this to say, Aurelian works in mysterious ways praise Sol Invictus!

[@KathrynsWorldWildfireTracking]

_Praise the Sun!_

[@goose4781]

Laudate solis invicti!

[@Harryjay6]

Excellente

[@Dominus_Augustus]

Ave!

[@akramgimmini8165]

*PRAISE THE SUN!*

[@vornadopro6502]

Apparently Caligula made boats with palaces on them. They were buried until 1930 when they were discovered, and then WWII came and they got bombed lol.

[@marcossidoruk8033]

Ooopsie

[@MegaTang1234]

Ww2 is a travesty to historical evidence. We lost the most complete spinosaurs skeleton that way

[@KathrynsWorldWildfireTracking]

Thanks German commanders. For entering a world-heritage game of high-stakes chicken. _The Allies would NEVER bomb a museum! Let's set up our artillery within 400 feet of it! Brilliant!_ O wait - the Allies didn't know this building was a museum. Gosh-darnit!

[@vorynrosethorn903]

If I recall both sides blamed each other for destroying it afterwards.

[@pedrolmlkzk]

@Deniz Metin T. that is the most American thing ever

[@yunleung2631]

Claudius wrote a book that would’ve revolutionized modern understanding of history, but it’s lost. Such is life for uncle Claudius.

[@Harryjay6]

Such is.. such is...

[@MaxwellAerialPhotography]

He also wrote a book about the civil war that was censored by Livia, but such is life for Uncle Claudius.

[@akramgimmini8165]

Nice

[@OLDCHEMIST1]

Yes, he was also supposed to have produced a book on Etruscan, which would have meant we would have had a much deeper understanding of that language

[@yunleung2631]

@@MaxwellAerialPhotography Strange... He became emperor, should've just uncensored it.

[@ConnorLockhartYGO]

One day, we will find Claudius' book, and it will be a glorious moment for Roman history.

[@yeetusvanitas9800]

I hope and dream.

[@maidahSh]

Yea we will never know when, but we might find it

[@JustinCage56]

Truly one of Rome's most underrated Emperors

[@danielchequer5842]

Gladly he buried it somewhere

[@TominusMaximus]

You don't find ancient books. If they werent found today, they will never be found in the future. You need someone (usually monastery monks) to copy them every 100 years, otherwise the paper (or whatever the material is) will disintegrate. You "forget" to copy it just once in 100 years and no one anywhere else does it for you? Tough luck. The book is lost.

[@renatobga]

But Tominus, what abo- WE DON'T KNOW.

[@TominusMaximus]

I don't know it, you don't know it, nobody knows it.

[@jelalathelone7249]

&!!&!!!&!!!&!!&&)!!!

[@Caligulashorse1453]

I legitimately think emperor Carus was stuck by lighting. I have a theory on it but it’s rooted in something more spiritual then historical.

[@dhaz4455]

For me one of the biggest mysteries of rome is if the so-called "crazy emperors" were really crazy or was it just propaganda by the senate

[@ozgurpeynirci4586]

Just like propaganda of carthage child sacrifice

[@sebastianobrussato7745]

Both

[@LuisAldamiz]

Define "crazy".

[@Hugh_Morris]

Both

[@valentintapata2268]

Both and some of the senators could also be described as crazy. There was also propaganda by other political enemies and especialy the Church.

[@Goldenblitzer]

One more thing we DO know about ancient Rome is they had lots of Chad's

[@MegaTang1234]

Some honorable mentions I can think of: What happened to the Western Roman Senate? The Fate of Rome's most notable Practician families What happened to Rome's eagle standards?

[@nillynush4899]

What was the Cult of SOL like?

[@lorefox201]

@@nillynush4899 it was largely a psyop tbh, people were seeing how Christianity and Zoroastrianism were having success with monotheism and decided to play the same game.

[@chrisbirch6513]

We know what happened to the senate. It survived under the goths until it was abolished after the lombard conquest.

[@criostaneos1390]

we know what happened with the western senate. Since the end of the 3rd century Rome was just a tourist atraction, Mediolanum ( modern Milan) becoming the real court of power of the west. Most senators migrated to Constantinopole begining with Constantine de Great dominion. The ones that remained ruled also when whole peninsula was conquered by the goths, then reconquered by the eastern romans, and still remained relatively in power under the lombards, but by the end of 6 century they dissappeared from history texts. I know that their last mention of the roman senate was a meeting in 603 ~~.

[@Kbuildsmodels_24]

wouldnt the roman senate be moved to Constantinople after the fall of the west?

[@justinian-the-great]

You know, it's something creepy to think that like the entire first half of the Roman history could be a total bullsh*t, like literally made up by Livy and likewise. Like for example, many things that we know about the III century BC we got not from contemporary Roman historians, but from Roman poets and their poems. And I think that we could imagine that, in their infinite "patriotism", these poets took too many poetic licences.

[@decimusausoniusmagnus5719]

You said it, boss.

[@maddoxlacy9072]

Let's make it even more creepy: Rome could have forged most every historical document we have about the pre-roman world. They had the resources to completely rewrite history as we know it, and the insane leaders to try.

[@justinian-the-great]

@@maddoxlacy9072 True, absolutely true. For example Carthaginians. They left not a single written source and thus most of what we know about their history comes from Romans and Greeks (plus some archeological evidences), who, let's be honest, didn't really "like" the Carthaginians.

[@maddoxlacy9072]

@@justinian-the-great Its crazy how our perception of pre-roman history could theoretically be totally, fundamentally wrong, just because Rome had control over it all for so long.

[@lorefox201]

contemporaries would have crapped on him if that was the case, we would have got to know it

[@Ataku2109]

As far as sources on Trajan's rule go, we do have Trajan's column in Rome which depicts his campaign in Dacia.

[@FartMeltonProductions]

and plinius's letters

[@TominusMaximus]

Trajan's column is a great source but is more open to interpretation than written source are. And Pliny's letters are unfortunately filled with servile propaganda. We don't have Sueonius, Tacitus, Herodianos or even the garbage Historia Augusta to cover his rule. And I find it interesting that the Emperor that every historical casual knows about is also the one that has very little known about him, and it is double interesting when you consider that he reigned during the best period of the Roman's history, which should indicate overflow of written sources.

[@FartMeltonProductions]

@@TominusMaximus didnt Trajan himself write a history of his Parthian conquests? What happened to that?

[@TominusMaximus]

@@FartMeltonProductions You don´t want to know

[@FartMeltonProductions]

@@TominusMaximus n-n-noooooooooooo

[@lamorte42]

The Tomb of King Alaric I the Visigoth. He was buried in secret somewhere in southern Italy with much of the treasure looted during the 410 Sack of Rome. Nobody knows where it is but if it's found it could yield many lost Roman artifacts.

[@nutsbroker5687]

imagine some illiterate peasant founding it and melting the metal, and trashing the books

[@Anton-xz4qg]

@@nutsbroker5687 Probably what happened.

[@hanspetrich6520]

Wasn't he the king for whom a river was diverted so that his men could bury him beneath it?

[@Anton-xz4qg]

@@hanspetrich6520I don't know about Alaric but here in Hungary we have legend about Attila the hun where he is buried exatly like this in the river Tisza.

[@alfredorotondo]

@@nutsbroker5687 the colossus of Rodi was sacked by the venetians and taken to taranto for making coins to sustain the wars

[@fakkajohan]

girls with time machine: "i am your granddaughter", "really?" boys with time machine:

[@Bronze_Age_Sea_Person]

If I had a time machine, I'd make every single scholar and poet write their stuff on the hardest rocks available, so that nothing would be deteriorated or be destroyed. And would finish all texts with Deus Vult, so even the popes would want to preserve the texts.

[@alfredorotondo]

@@Bronze_Age_Sea_Person *laughs in italian* how do you address the earthquakes?

[@tomservo9254]

AURELIAN, BEHIND YOU

[@carltomacruz9138]

@@tomservo9254: But wasn't Aurelian stabbed in his sleep?

[@mosesracal6758]

The biggest mystery of all is if Rome was actually built in a day

[@thetrickster9885]

@Aaron Douglas You are based it was built in the noon

[@alfredorotondo]

Actually we know more about how was built than who actually grew Romolus and Remus after the wolf

[@maddoxlacy9072]

#21 When Sextus Quintillius Varus is going to give back his legions

[@TominusMaximus]

They were reconquered by Tiberius and Germanicus

[@maddoxlacy9072]

@@TominusMaximus The Good Ending: Varus gives back his legions

[@Harryjay6]

Hahahahahaaa

[@lorefox201]

"since king shapur was a degenerate Frick, I believe the latter is true" this, tbh

[@parsesnarseh7536]

I don't know why Shapur has this reputation here? I thought he was a capable and tolerant ruler.

[@TominusMaximus]

@@parsesnarseh7536 wasting entire Syria twice, sacking Antioch and kidnapping your counterpart (Valerian) under false pretense of negotiations are signs of a unholy ruler.

[@parsesnarseh7536]

@@TominusMaximus Sacking cuties and plundering was standard practice at the time and Shapur was the first Iranian ruler to gain true ascendancy against the Romans. About Valerian, the whole negotiation trap is a Roman claim to avoid shame in my opinion. Shapur had already shown exceptional military talent in helping his father overthrow the Parthians and had destroyed large Roman forces in battle at Micishe and Barbalissos before. Elsewhere in non Persian and non Roman sources he is again regarded as amicable, tolerant and just.

[@TominusMaximus]

@@parsesnarseh7536 Even if the Valerian story was not true - Shapur claimed to be a king of kings and his goal was to restore Achaemenid Empire but instead of restoration all he did was sacking Syria twice. He prefered short-term goals over long-terms goals. Signs of a small ruler.

[@parsesnarseh7536]

@@TominusMaximus King of Kings is an ancient Iranian title, and for all intents and purposes we might assume that the Sassanids had no idea about the existence of the Achaemenid Empire or that they only had a brief memory of it, passed down to them in the form of the story of "Darab and Alexander" or Darius III and Alexander. Shapur was well aware of the impossible task of holding on to the Roman East and decided to extract wealth instead. This was the most prudant course of action since the money went into extensive works of urbanizarion and completely overhauled the shitty Parthian infrastructure to a robust administrative and financial system that would live on much after the Empire's fall. Let's not forget that the one time a Sassanid ruler decided to fully conquer the Roman east, it ended up practically ending the Empire.

[@ragnaroni]

The one that bothers me the most are the ones about missing books/texts and also history of lesser known Roman provinces, I mean we barely hear about Mauretania Tingitana or Roman Arabia. Like what are we missing about these provinces?

[@notgoddhoward5972]

What is missing about Arabia? The romans had contact with kingdoms and tribes closest to them, then in early medieval times they even had contact as far as Yemen and Ethiopia. Romans had an entire fleet in the Red Sea to protect trade.

[@GOF-pk9mg]

@@notgoddhoward5972 ethaopian christians moment

[@notgoddhoward5972]

@@GOF-pk9mg King Kaleb was a Sigma male and did nothing wrong, respect to all the brothers out there.

[@flaviusstilicho397]

So as moesia and pannonia

[@riograndedosulball248]

And Noricum

[@BVargas78]

I'm pretty sure the dead elephants from crossing the alps would have been stripped of their flesh for meat. The bones collected by local tribes as charms and status symbols. Or even eaten by wildlife, or decayed during a warm period.

[@Harryjay6]

I think Hannibal's army ate them. Just a theory...

[@BVargas78]

@@Harryjay6 Yeah that's the most likely. But it's possible a few elephants may have fallen down ravines and become irrecoverable. But i think summer thaws of the ice during some of the hotter than average summers over such a long period of time would have decomposed the bodies/and or exposed them to scavengers. Or celts from local tribes that lived in the area came across the bodies while hunting and foraging.

[@Harryjay6]

@@BVargas78 I agree with that. Hard to imagine there isn't some little zone of bone fragments out there though. Who knows, maybe even an entire bone or two. Perhaps someone will find that place eventually.

[@Harryjay6]

Edit: I think Hannibal's army killed and ate many of them.

[@barrankobama4840]

When a Legion disappears from records, doesn't that just means it was disbanded? New legions were formed and old ones disbanded all the time.

[@AnnabelRoss6789]

True. But Roman bureaucracy would've written that down, plus their abrupt disappearance from contemporary records and later ones would point to that and the Roman's were never honest about their losses.

[@barrankobama4840]

@@AnnabelRoss6789 Maybe they had written that, sad thing is the vast vast vast majority of what they wrote is lost forever. Among a lot of other thing we don't know and that are mention in this list, having a legion not mentioned after some years doesn't seem too mysterious or weird.

[@ililililili9726]

@@barrankobama4840 The IX has a very well documented history. It's sudden disappear it's definitly mysterious.

[@RabbaniRosli]

Romulus obviously gave birth to Arthur as documented by the last legion.😹😹

[@TominusMaximus]

And then they joined the GoT cast

[@PewPewPlasmagun]

@@TominusMaximus For the Watch!

[@notgoddhoward5972]

At least we know the most important things like that Romans thought that traps were not in fact gay and if you had a neckbeard you could be Emperor.

[@FartMeltonProductions]

Neckbeard rights are human rights~

[@thaneofwhiterun3562]

You again!

[@maude7420]

I cringed

[@notgoddhoward5972]

@@thaneofwhiterun3562 Do you come to the Atom shop often? Oh what am I saying, of course you do.

[@Belowbluewaterdiver]

What ever happened to the chicken named “Roma”?

[@TominusMaximus]

Visigoths sacked it

[@lorefox201]

she was delicious with eastern spices and garum.

[@Harryjay6]

@@lorefox201 gross, nobody puts garum on chicken!

[@lorefox201]

@@Harryjay6 I will try and let you know how it is

[@Harryjay6]

@@lorefox201 haha you do that. Based on the recipe, garum sounds quite awful, but it has to be good.. right?? 🤔

[@AV-fs2tz]

Perhaps we can send a probe to the Sun and ask Elagabulus, such a divine emperor would know all the answers since he was blessed by Sol Invictus

[@siluda9255]

nah he reincarnated and ist me i will find my heriocles and we will revive our eternal roman empire

[@lorefox201]

i recomend "Elagabalus or the Crowned Anarchist" by Antonin Artaud to really get to know that madlad

[@barabbabaruffa9289]

He would probably answer with a dick pic

[@Duality290]

One of the biggest mysteries is Trajan's rule: we know so little about him yet everyone agrees that he was the greatest princeps there was. I was discussing this with my history professor and I remember him replying that it was because we know so little about him that we hold him in high regard. When you think about it, it's very true. Without any sources to criticize or discuss his reign in detail, all we are left with is the knowledge of his great deeds.

[@KathrynsWorldWildfireTracking]

1:15 - Oh dear. "Annals." In English, that's pronounced "ann-ALS" as in, "canal." Big difference between _anal_ and _annals._ Just...FYI. XD

[@justinianthegreat8781]

If the Roman Empire would have survived if Aurelian hadnt been assasinated...truth hurts too much...

[@lorefox201]

it wouldn't but it would have lasted some decades longer perhaps

[@justinianthegreat8781]

@@lorefox201 feels bad man...

[@lorefox201]

@@justinianthegreat8781 such is life for the likes of us, my emperor :(

[@genghiskhan5701]

Aurelian was pushing in his 60s already, so he might not have lived that long

[@VineFynn]

Wre was well past its expiration date at that point tbh

[@thaneofwhiterun3562]

I literally just sat on the toilet, how dare you be this perfect. I mean it, I sat on the f**king toilet, and 6 seconds later this came up XD

[@danieltsiprun8080]

Bro i literally the same happened to me i sat to take a shit and got the notification about this.

[@TominusMaximus]

@@danieltsiprun8080 you guys should have a date

[@thaneofwhiterun3562]

@@danieltsiprun8080 The plot thickens

[@javoZ32]

Fascinating video. I especially enjoyed the subtle humor at times.

[@oscarvegaasg9443]

I just find this channel and I want to say that I'm totally in love with it, you deserve tens of thousands of more subs, keep up with the good work sir! ROMA INVICTA

[@angeloargentieri5605]

ROMA AETERNA, ROMA CAPUT MUNDI, ROMA LUX MUNDI....

[@N0TYALC]

We don’t know where the battle of Teutoburg Forest happened, but I’m willing to bet that it was at Teutoburg Forest

[@DachshundDogStarluck19]

It's most likely the battle of Teutoburg Forest was split into several phases, not just one.

[@verylostdoommarauder]

One of my favorite historical facts is that 39 elephants died in the Alps and we still haven't found their remains.

[@pyrosauria7444]

This is considered a non-Roman information piece that relates to both the Republic and the Empire but what do we even know of the societies that were considered barbaric like Gaul, Germania, and basically most of Europe that wasn’t just the Mediterranean, along with their thoughts on Rome? I ask this since most of our information seems to come from Rome itself which leads to this problem of bias and missing information (especially with how alarming it is that we don’t even know much of the Roman Republic before the 2nd Punic war). Having outside information can help to paint a much more accurate picture of Rome, even when outside sources are likely to be propaganda also but the lack of them seems quite concerning.

[@lorefox201]

if the Gauls didn't want "bias" they should have written their history down.

[@pierren___]

Unfortunetaly northern people wrote and used mostly wood which explain Why we didnt found anything, or rarely.

[@baneofbanes]

@@lorefox201 that doesn’t really change anything they said but ok

[@lorefox201]

@@baneofbanes it does.

[@baneofbanes]

@@lorefox201 not really

[@epiphysiscerebri9386]

Great vid Tominus.

[@TominusMaximus]

Thanks *gay wink*

[@thelastroman7791]

I would like to know more about what happened in Roman/Byzantine (Byzoman?) Spania (Iberia/Spain) during the sixth century. How far did the Romans get in trying restore Roman rule? Sadly there are frustratingly few sources on this topic.

[@iratepirate3896]

Byzantine Hispania and Tingitania is a weird historical blip.

[@KathrynsWorldWildfireTracking]

2:35 - Correction: NO elephants died while crossing the Alps with Hannibal. That's a myth. Livy states all of them made it across. (37.) The myth began because ELEPHANTS DID DIE attempting to cross the alps - but that was with Hasdrubal's army, (his brother,) which attempted to join up with Hannibal a different year. Hannibal's elephants died in the swamps of Italy proper when he was forced to avoid roads. 20k+ losses of his troops marching from Spain ---> Italy hurt...but the vast majority of the casualties of his army occurred in the swamp. Obliteration of the elephants, and malaria (or another jungle-esque fever) devastating his forces with perhaps 40k+ dying. Hannibal himself ran a raging fever, lost his eye to infection, and nearly died in that swamp. If Hasdrubal had managed to reinforce Hannibal - we'd all be borrowing words from Aramaic, not Latin. If you want to know the likely pass taken by Hannibal - it's Col de la Traversette. It matches very well with written accounts / descriptions. It's the highest, worst pass to take. It ended in a dead-end. Exactly where his treacherous guides wanted him to go. 1800's historians dismissed Hannibal's ability to cross this pass. It seemed impossible. But 1800's historians also failed to understand how good ancient engineering was. They relied exclusively on gunpowder blasting, and forgot how ancients did it without it. Hannibal decided to make his own road. That's where "Move Mountains" if you come to a roadblock saying comes from. _Move mountains with vinegar._ His engineering team exploded boulders with vinegar acid and fire. He made a road. No gunpowder needed. The only mystery is - where are the remnants of the road he made? Hopefully, not obliterated by 1800's road blasting for cars.

[@thatdoppioguy1825]

So your telling me NONE of Hannibals Elephants died in the crossing? That just makes the crossing more impressive tbh

[@miguelpereira9859]

@@thatdoppioguy1825 I am interested to know how well can elephants take the cold? they have no fur but have massive body mass so should be able to conserve heat Or maybe Hannibal had them make patches of cloth to help the elephants survive the freezing cold

[@AlexhandrDenthanor]

All of this has historical truth to it. Rome was founded by the son of Venus, Aeneas of Troy's progeny. Can't believe y'all, smh.

[@jontyarnold8522]

Ha ha, I love the last line....I agree.....It was AWESOME.........🇮🇹

[@matthewmann8969]

Romans had contacts of flexible, various, versatile, and mixed accordances with so many people around the Mediterannean and some even outside

[@dravenocklost4253]

Thumbs up for that ending. Lots of love

[@shoshann]

Content is coming a little too frequently What could it mean?

[@iratepirate3896]

We barely have any idea of the political history of Britain after the Roman magistrates were expelled c. 410. Also there isn't a single written source on the history of Hellenic Ferghana aside from the Chinese perspective.

[@davidelder6028]

Just binge watched all your videos, can't wait for this quality content to blow up so I can have more of it.

[@skam9177]

This video and the 3 others where you talk are great. I really enjoy your content.

[@aaronTGP_3756]

This is why we must build a time machine. Not to change it (except for burning the Historia Augusta) but recover what was lost. Like Claudius' book, Ammianus histories, Tacitus missing annals, Livius' lost books, and Cicero's self-insert epic.

[@jamesrahe5287]

The history of the roman kings is fascinating! One of the earliest latin inscriptions actually says the word rex, or king, proving they existed. Also we have an inscription mentioning publius valerius, an early consul who helped to depose tarquin. We shouldn't entirely believe the histories of early rome, but the romans also didn't just make up what they wrote about. Much of what they wrote about was at least based on the actual history.

[@The_trees_have_ears]

I love how the one consistency between all Roman history channels (yours, dovahatty, etc) can be summed up as “fuck shapur”

[@realkekz]

Could you imagine if we found the statue of Nero and it was just buried somewhere in Romania

[@fedorgalkin5018]

Glad to see you have risen above lmao meme wojak videos. Subscribed. I have always wondered as well: how come we have no artefacys of Hannibals army from the Alps.

[@nutsbroker5687]

i always imagined that romans would have looted the place after the war, but how could EVERY traces dissapear is kinda weird, like no punic money, no swords from the lybian mercenaries nor the gallic ones...

[@flyingisaac2186]

There is perhaps a tiny chance that this book of Claudius on the Etruscans might be found among the carbonised scroll books of Herculaneum. Part of these have been read after careful work. Some unknown texts have been found, like partial writings of minor philosopher, but nothing startling yet, as I recall.

[@miguelconti2304]

Love you man! Really do. Great video

[@elijahgreybosh7882]

Ending scene is very funny. Nice video as always. Props ^

[@CrazyBrosCael]

Ffs, it’s times like this that make me wish that we could time travel.

[@ShadeStormXD]

the deterioration of sculpture art is truly a great loss to the records of rome

[@miguelpereira9859]

Or maybe every roman started acquiring frog eyes at the end of the empire, Guess we'll never know for certain

[@killgazmotron]

"deterioration of art" dude that throwaway line is ultra cryptic.............

[@henrik1220]

Thanks youtube algorithm

[@Dave-qy4zm]

They actually found Varus own stamped coins at Kalkreise so they are spot on, the place was part of the battle

[@spoogerification]

teutoburg forest is in Lower Saxony past the rhine river.

[@keithklassen5320]

Great video! One small note: the word "annals" is *not* pronounced the same as the word "anals", and while most mispronounciations aren't a huge deal, that one is a bit of an exception, lol. The first vowel is more like "ah", like the vowel in the word "add".

[@TominusMaximus]

Yeah I know, my bad. In my native language it is the same word with two meanings and I thought English has it the same way. I guess you learn something new every day. :)

[@GAIVSCALIGVLA]

10:01 that is a generous description of him and Hungarians in general.

[@mattickista]

Those are some nice, well used total war cinematics. Good job.

[@alessandrogini5283]

Other mistery was alexander severus campaign in the east.. I think central army was hit by a diseas.. If wasn't for the plague, or if kept army in the east and had a co emperor in the west, for the time needed, he could have crushed sassanid and avoid third century crisis

[@nillynush4899]

I love the background of the Roman salute, a legendary tale of brothers dueling for kingdoms.

[@aa-uq1qj]

Great video, man

[@pumpkindonuts2664]

i thought we knew about Romulus Augustus? nice video btw 🙂

[@alfredorotondo]

Everyone knows it wasn't the last recognised emperor The last emperor was Julius Diccus Biccus Nepos

[@lotgc]

I do think it is really weird that the nation that created the alphabet that is used all across the world... had a bad habit of things disappearing, and not saying anything about it, like it's just another Tuesday.

[@waynehieatt5962]

I saw a docco recently that locates the site of the Teutenberg Forret battle, the docco was about the dig at that location.

[@eduardssilins585]

6:09 bro chill

[@dankumemer9420]

please, do this more, i know you don't have many likes or views - but you are amazing in your job. in near future you will be as well-know as dovahhatty

[@joekratochvil2515]

Dude, is that you with the hat in the video of you travelling around italy?.. great videos, bythe way. Entertaining and informative. Thanks

[@maycontainnuts3127]

this is where i come to cry

[@edwardmiessner6502]

11:20 I find it odd that Nero's colossus is holding a *cross.* What do the fins on the lower part of the vertical member mean?

[@larepublica93]

thanks man, great video

[@mathiasbartl903]

A book written by one of the Emperors was lost, that are the ravages of time.

[@siamihari8717]

About Hannibal's crossing, Glaciers can move the remains, plus its more then thousands of years ago the topography has changed sence then due to factors such as climate witch naturally does change over long periods of time.

[@ShadeStormXD]

6:10 "since shapur was a degenerate sick fuck" now thats something we DO know

[@compatriot852]

We don't know how multiple Roman leaders realistically looked like. For example in the Republic, the veristic style overly exemplified features of age while giving them muscular bodies.

[@GOF-pk9mg]

Cato looked like a rasin

[@chuckles5689]

I think the statue of Nero was probably torn down by one of the early Christian emperors and the name somehow must've got transferred to the amphitheater, maybe because it was next to it. Just a half-assed thought.

[@LuisAldamiz]

If you venerate Prometheus, you will find out. Anyway struck by lightning it is the answer to question #16. Also you misplaced Naissus (Nis) on the map, it's further west, in what is now Southern Serbia.

[@temiveen]

I always laugh at the "We don't know" and I don't know why. Maybe I'm just too childish lmao

[@whatisup4811]

8:32 Arabic is read from right to left, so you should probably have had it highlight from right to left. Completely nit-picky though, so don't feel bad

[@sirxarounthefrenchy7773]

As for Alesia we know a sites that has a lot of proof to be Alesia, it's the site of Alise Sainte-Reine in burgundy France.

[@orim2665]

Tominus, Arabic is from right to left and not from left to right.

[@thedirty530]

There is something nice about hearing what we don't know for certain!

[@GabiN64]

Thumbs down as "Kill" or "die" is badass though. I can see why Hollywood went with that.

[@jonyprepperisrael60]

I disagree with you on the 10th point,it is most likely that the 9th Hispania has been destroyed during the Bar Kochva revolt.

[@Innerste_]

We know what happened to Romulus Augustulus. In 507, Theodoric the Great of the Ostrogoths sent a letter to someone named Romulus about a pension. Usually he gave titles before the person's name when sending letters but he didn't when sending it to "Romulus" and when he sent letters to people in exile he didn't give any titles before their name. Also Romulus wasn't a common name at the time. So Theodoric sending a letter to someone named Romulus, without any titles and the letter being about a pension means that Romulus Augustulus lived a peaceful life in Campania after being deposed.

[@kingbjorn1832]

I have one, what was the secret name of Rome casted in some religious ceremonies? There's was a guy that was a tribune of the plebeians named Quintilius Valerius soranus Born in 140 before Christ, he reveals the secret name of Rome to the plebs and the senate and Pompey the great wanted him dead so they crucified him. This is revealed by Virgil's "Vergilii aeneidem commentarii"

[@D_R757]

7:53 why'd they do my dude on the bottom right that way

[@patrickclark6540]

My favorite is 10:00, 'angry, mongoliod goblin'

[@parsesnarseh7536]

Great video.

[@JustinCage56]

Was this why artist got lazy and just decided to make coins of Emperors in the later years of the Empire? I guess all Byzantine artist were lazy as fuck then cause all I see of their Emperors were weird ass coins.

[@SusRing]

There's also how sculptures were forbidden after the iconoclast controversy.

[@JustinCage56]

@@SusRing That's what I figured. That whole period was funny as hell to learn about tbh

[@TheAncientMysteriesBeckon]

If there is no end, there can be no beginning. What is lost, *will* be found. Rome never died. It lived on in Mysteries, clung by Polymaths across aeons. It lives on, still. I for one, look forward to whatever awaits... But, like every Story that passes, every Hero who traverses the Hero's Journey, and, as Hegelian Dialectics demands... Rome has, will, and must synthesize..

[@GOF-pk9mg]

Maybe atolla didnt know that there was 2 ( east and west ) romes

[@spectrum1140]

Yes, we may not know all of that, but we also don't know which Roman Emperor was the worst.

[@lorefox201]

Well, some are pretty up there, like Commodus.

[@chiefmasterofdeepwarrens3208]

Commodus, Honorius, Valentinian III. I suppose you could say Caligula too but I don't think he's that bad, also Phocas and oh I don't know, literally every single Angeloi for the eastern Empire

[@alseid8709]

I recall some news from a few years ago about how they found horse feces in the Alps that were carbon dated to around the right years, had the expected bacteria, etc. They needed more tests to see if they could identify food or parasites that could definitely determine the horses were from the right places, but I don't know if the results were ever made public. No signs of elephants tho.

[@Bleifuss88]

"It was awesome" - Amen to that

[@johnsmith-yj2cn]

Alesia location was discovered in 1837

[@rithvikpbalaji1002]

0:56 what game is this

[@infinitexvortex]

just wondering but could the library in the Papal Roman Church have records? I assume there might be records there but since no one but a few people are allowed could their be something of historical informational value there?

[@OLDCHEMIST1]

Fascinating! Only one thing made me smile: you pronounced "annals" as "anals", which is like the pronunciation of Uranus - yooranus or youranus, probably the former is to be preferred unless you want to make your listeners laugh!