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This DIY video shows how to troubleshoot and replace the starter for '03 - '08 Toyota Corolla and Matrix (and Pontiac Vibe) and applies to most Toyotas in general. The video shows some "behind the wheel" diagnostics to check before replacing the starter, as well as "in-engine" tests to confirm a faulty starter. The full starter removal and replacement is then shown. Lastly, bench tests are shown. Check the Pinned Comment or below for Timestamps, part numbers, and torque values:
00:28 Initial diagnostics for the no crank/no start condition: verify that you hear the fuel pump
01:32 How to bang on the starter if you're stranded
03:45 More diagnostics: "behind the wheel" tests
06:25 Begin the "under the hood" tests - remove the fan/shroud
09:13 Test 1: Check for proper battery ground
10:48 Disconnect the starter solenoid switch connector
11:28 Test 2: Check for voltage to the starter solenoid wiring harness
14:04 Test 3: Check for voltage to the starter solenoid with the connector in place (back-probe)
19:00 Begin starter replacement - disconnect negative terminal on the battery (10mm)
19:38 Remove the fan/shroud if you haven't already (skip back to 06:25 to see that)
19:44 Location of starter mounting bolts and electrical connections
20:17 Disconnect the B+ post nut (12mm)
20:51 Disconnect the solenoid switch electrical
21:17 Remove two mounting bolts (14mm)
22:48 Remove the starter
23:07 Starter on the bench, Toyota part 28100-0D080-84 (re-man), or Denso 280-0330
24:02 How "core charges" work - save your Toyota box!
25:05 Install the new starter
26:05 Re-install the two mounting bolts (14mm, torque is 27 ft-lbs)
28:18 Inspect/clean the B+ cable end, then reconnect the B+ post nut (12mm, torque is 84 inch-lbs)
29:40 Reconnect the solenoid electrical
30:06 Reconnect the battery
30:39 Test the starter
31:01 Re-install the fan/shroud (two 10mm)
33:42 Inspecting the old starter (FSM procedures)
34:56 Remove the solenoid and plunger (JIS 3 bolts)
38:05 Reassemble solenoid
38:44 Test the solenoid function for proper pull-in/pull-out
45:42 Test the motor
46:59 Check resistance across the motor (less than 0.3 Ohm)
48:00 Test the complete starter function
51:27 Test resistance values
I hope this video was helpful for you.
Thanks for watching, and good luck with your repair!