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Explaining the 4 biggest reasons why the Dutch cycle almost every day!
With 23 million bicycles they outnumber the 17 million dutch with more than 1,3 bicycles per dutch citizen (Dutch Cycling Embassy, October 2018) The Netherlands has highest number of bicycles in any country per citizen.
A stark contrast to the USA with only about 1/3 of a (on avarage hardly used) bicycle per US citizen.
But not only do bicycles outnumber the Dutch citizens they are also well used for every day transport. For commuting to work, to friends and family or local utilities like grocery stores, dokters visits or schools.
Children cycle to school or friends from ages as young as 4 years old. On average all Dutch persons cycle almost everyday.
Here are the 4 big reasons why all of this is possible:
Flat country
The Netherland literally means ‘Low Lands’. The highest so called ‘mountain’ in the Netherlands is the Vaalserberg with 322m from sea level. It is located in the province of Limburg in the south of the Netherlands. The majority of citizens however lives in the far more flat areas in the west of The Netherlands. These flat lands of the Netherlands for the greater part have been formed by de ice ages of the last 150.00 years.
Because that and the resulting lack of any significant inclinations in the landscape, cycling is relatively easy compared to other more hilly countries or countries with ‘real’ mountains.
Social democracy
What has social democracy to do with bicycling you might ask, well,.. without social democracy it would be very unlikely that the bicycle would still be so populair in the Netherlands,..
Sinds the 1950 the dutch local governments and city planners used the US’s car dominated city planning as an example of how a modern city should be developed. Lots of public space was there for taken over by cars and car infrastructure without any attention for pedestrians, people on bicycles or the general well being of city inhabbitants.
Streets became dangerous for cycling and walking, let alone for playing children. Children playing on the streets were often hit by cars and also died because of that.
The Netherlands is a social democratic country. In the 1960’s and 70’s a minority of citizens stood op against the car dominated urban planning policies and united as ‘Stop de kindermoord' that translates into English as: ‘Stop the killing of children’. ‘Stop de kindermoord’ will eventually become part of ‘de Fietsersbond’ an association of interests for cyclist with strong political influence.
One result of all of this was that the dutch made an important change of law by writing and implementing a new law that protected the weaker road users. In short the law from than on stated that when an accident occurs between a stronger road user, and a weaker road user, the stronger road user is liable.
Infrastructure
As a result of groups like ‘Stop the kindermoord’ and other social movements the dutch abandoned the idea of car-only dominated urban spaces and instead focust on a more safe city transport infrastructure that protected the weaker road users incorporating space to play, bicycle and walk.
One way the dutch made this possible was by developing a hole new system of recognisable roads that also separates and protects the weaker road users, like bicycles, from the he stronger road users, like cars and heavy trucks. Within this new system of roads the now world famous dutch purple-red bike lanes were also introduced.
Next to that The Netherlands is a densely inhabited country with lots of small cities and villages. Because of this distances between homes and work or utilities like grocery shops or hospitals are small and often within 7km radius, an ideal distance for travelling by bicycle.
Health and well-being
Riding a bicycle requires physical movement inherently making it a healthy activity which in turn is good for your well being. But there is more to it regarding health and well being.
Cyclists actually experience all smells, visual colours and sounds happening around them without a filter like a car window making them more acute for their surroundings.
Not being cocooned and separated like in a car cyclist are also more socially engaged with their environment and other road users improving safety and social wellbeing.