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San Miguel is a city and district in the San Miguel Department , El Salvador . It is also the departmental head of the homonymous department. Historically it has been and continues to be, for almost 500 years, the most important city in the eastern part of the country. It has an estimated population of 345,921 inhabitants for the year 2017, according to the United Nations , which makes it the third most populated city in the country without taking into account the metropolitan area of San Salvador and the third most important due to its influence. economical. It is located 138 km east of the capital, San Salvador .
San Miguel was founded on May 8, 1530 by Captain Luis de Moscoso under the full name of San Miguel de La Frontera, as a bastion for the conquest of the Lenca kingdom of Chaparrastique (Place of the Beautiful Orchids) 5 , thus becoming the second Spanish colonial city of the current Salvadoran territories, but it moved to its current location until 1586. Since then, San Miguel became an emulator and rival of San Salvador as the second most important city within the Mayor's Office of San Salvador and , later, of the Municipality of San Salvador during the entire period of Spanish colonization . San Miguel saw its political leadership within the nation die out at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century due to the economic rise of Santa Ana with coffee agriculture. Added to the fact that the Salvadoran government divided the entire eastern zone into four departments in an effort to reduce the political influence of the Migueleño elite. 6
Festivities of San Miguel El Salvador 2015.
Towards the middle of the 20th century it had significant economic development due to cotton and henequen agriculture, but the Salvadoran civil war altered its economy and society. Currently, at the end of the 20th century and beginning of the 21st century , San Miguel has been slowly recovering its economic and political leadership largely due to family remittances from Salvadorans in the United States that have repositioned the city as the main commercial center of the entire Eastern Zone of El Salvador. Today, San Miguel is the leading city of the entire eastern region in El Salvador. Representing the economic "capital" of the entire eastern Salvadoran zone, covering four of the 14 Salvadoran departments, three of them being the largest in this nation.
On the other hand, another reason why San Miguel is widely known among Salvadoran society is because the San Miguel Carnival takes place in this town , the most important popular festival in El Salvador that takes place in the month of November in the course of the patron saint festivities.
In 1586 the town had obtained the title of city. In 1655, a volcanic eruption almost destroyed the entire city. According to legend, the devastation was so severe that only an image of Mary in the parish church was saved.
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