5 Tips To Make A Good Electromagnet / How To Calculate Electromagnet Force?

In this video i will tell you 5 Tips To Make A Good Electromagnet. Theory behind electromagnet, how to calculate electromagnet characteristics, what is permeability and why it affects force of an electromagnet.
Enjoy!
email: [e-mail]
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00:00 - Intro
00:54 - Fast Tips to Create a Good electromagnet
01:28 - Theory Behind Electromagnet
02:15 - Force Of An Electromagnet
04:25 - Don't Repeat My Mistakes
06:15 - What's Inside a Good Electromagnet
07:00 - 5 Tips To Make a Good Electromagnet
08:36 - How Shape of a Magnet Affects Electromagnet Characteristics
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#electronics #electrical #engineering #electromagnetic
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[@NickElectronics]

New Video about 3D printed Parts and LEDs control :)❗ kzbin.info/www/bejne/hZjNh4h3mM-cis0

[@renomtv]

I've spent days searching the web when I should've just watched this video. It has everything I needed to know!

[@NickElectronics]

Thank you for the feedback :) Glad it was helpful.

[@erdenebayar8723]

Bro wtf ? I searched whole internet and I can’t find this good explaining video fr bro super super great video bro just explained whole magnetism like so good and teaching with practice its too good thx so mutch for making these videos your videos helps so mutch people and so mutch time like years!!!!!❤❤❤❤❤

[@NickElectronics]

Thank you for such a nice comment. I am glad that the video is useful for people :)

[@JimPaul0627]

I like combination of verbal explanation, diagrams, and equations. This is the best explanation I have seen of magnetic force and electricty. And funny!

[@NickElectronics]

Thank you very much. I really appreciate the feedback :)

[@LongestYardstick]

freaking loved this video -- excellent distillation of a bunch of stuff I didn't have to read, thank you so much!

[@NickElectronics]

You are welcome :)

[@kcrtxbw.4349]

This is so much better then the thousand of "life hack" glue gun on wood panel on dirty shop floor diy videos out there. Subbed !

[@NickElectronics]

Thanks :)

[@warrenc5522]

A great video with a good explanation and demonstration. Thank you.😇

[@NickElectronics]

You are welcome :) I am glad it is usefull :)

[@copernicofelinis]

Love the mnemonics of the weight force of one apple for one newton.

[@Inti72600]

I've discovered this channel today and i'm stunned that you don't have more subscribers with the quality of information and entertainment you provide!

[@NickElectronics]

Thanks a lot :) Best way to support channel is to share videos to other people. If you know somebody who is interested of course :)

[@GikkerBotGaming]

this is exactly what I needed! TYSM

[@kaydenv8669]

You’re a real livesaver man this really was articulated so perfectly and I understand what I needa do man I woulda been so lost appreciate you brotha

[@libervolucion]

Thank you for sharing, it was really interesting and helpful.

[@AlexTrusk91]

finally, a professional-looking attempt. Thanks. I will try my best to follow along and try it out myself. Theorie and practise ftw

[@arnabmusouwir9018]

One of the few quality videos on KZbin

[@TubaParveen-cd2ys]

Quite appealing way of explanation. I found after a long search. Suggestion: Run alongside multiple language strips for better yield of subscription, if explained to more population ????????

[@NickElectronics]

Thank you for the commend. I would like to have multi language subtitles, but unfortunately i cannot control quality of the translation. Probably there will be a lot of mistakes if i use something like auto-translator :( However, maybe I will try to do it for this video and see how it goes ) Thank you for a suggestion

[@jamie7364]

Excellent tutorial - thank you

[@NickElectronics]

You are welcome :)

[@jimmym2719]

Very informative and just what I am looking into understanding. What a synchronicity 💕 thanks for sharing bro.

[@NickElectronics]

Thanks for the nice words :) I’m glad the video is helpful 😀

[@jimmym2719]

@@NickElectronics it does Nick, keep up the good work💪, very much appreciated👍

[@cristhianquezada6347]

I am doing my final project at university in Magnetic Levitation and I have been looking for documentation and resources on internet and books and this video explains everything and I was able to verify my equation for the force 🙌🏻🙌🏻

[@NickElectronics]

It is very nice to hear :) Wish you good luck with your project!

[@Greg_Chase]

Good, short, to the point. Here is our (first) Lorentz force disk: 1) layers of aluminum foil, each layer separated by an insulator layer. This lamination of foil-insulator-foil-insulator etc. is positioned horizontally 2) magnetic field is positioned vertically and axially (through the center) of the lamination 3) small flat coils are positioned radially and right next to (but not touching) the foils lamination The coils are fed 16.28Mhz due to the skin depth that is based on the foil thickness, and induce RF current in the metal. The vertical B field and horizontal, induced RF currents at the 16.28Mhz rate in the metal layers develop the Lorentz force, and cause coherent accelerations (oscillations) of the charged particles in the metal layers at the 16.28Mhz rate At time 0:43 in the video, the text from your book "Basic Magnetics Theory" says: "When the core saturates...inductance is greatly reduced and large currents result" - we use this to advantage. We can use thin ferro layers in our Lorentz disk and run a low DC current radially through the ferro layers to control the RF current flowing in the hull of this device. Bill Sturgeon, 200 years ago (in the year 1824) invented *_"ARTIFICIAL MAGNETISM"_* - aka the electromagnet. We're working at artificial gravity devices.

[@jemiahprimus9346]

I'm your 500th sub thanks for the simple but important information keep it up.

[@NickElectronics]

Thank you for your subscription. I will make new content for sure :)

[@jimkimbrell4878]

Great job, excellent video

[@NickElectronics]

Thanks :)

[@joshuameldru4004]

Excellent explanation of what a real electromagnet is and how to consider making a really good one

[@NickElectronics]

Thank you very much :) Glad that it is useful.

[@Bianchi77]

Creative video, thanks :)

[@NickElectronics]

I’m glad you enjoyed it :)

[@narendergodara1992]

super👌👌

[@drsarosaro_gaming_pubg4006]

Best video I have seen

[@NickElectronics]

Thank you :)

[@woodbrassandglass]

This video is so awesome! One trick to reduce ohms is dividing the wire into equal segments. For instance 1500 feet ÷10 reduces wire link to 150' each. Increasing Tesla's and reducing ohms. Core material is very critical. Supermendur is a good material, but always use layers if possible.

[@NickElectronics]

Thank you for an informative comment :) I haven`t heard about Supermendur before. Google says it has the highers flux density (2.4 T) among all metals 🤯

[@woodbrassandglass]

@@NickElectronics I'm building a magnetic bearing linear motor, and plan to use this material at some point. So far thin layered laser cut soft iron material has worked very well in tests.

[@NickElectronics]

Wow, I`ve checked your channel and subscribed) It is really amazing. For what purpose are u building it? @@woodbrassandglass

[@woodbrassandglass]

@@NickElectronics eventually for experiments in generating electricity. I will change the magnets orientation to be radial and rollers be axial magnetized. Basically a motor and generator in one device

[@NickElectronics]

Good luck :)@@woodbrassandglass

[@bigjoshlevine]

Exactly the info I have been looking for, thank you! What is the field simulation software you are using?

[@NickElectronics]

you are welcome :) FEMM 4.0

[@alejandroquinones5439]

Awesome channel Just found out. If it''s possible, please share a link to the XLS calculator to find F, N, etc... Thanks

[@NickElectronics]

Hello. Thank you :) Try this link. Please message me back if you can/can`t download it. github.com/zebrahead097/Electromagnet

[@user-me7qx6eq9v]

Hello Thank you for the great video! what was the simulation software you used in this video? is it only 1 program?

[@NickElectronics]

Hello. Yes it is one program called FEMM 4.2 :) Good luck

[@danielhoward6413]

@@NickElectronics Thanks for the info! I can't find a single good video on how to use the software. I'm getting close to understanding but if you ever did a video on how to use it I would watch it for sure!

[@NickElectronics]

There are just few tutorials and few videos online, that is true) But unfortunately i have no plans to make such a video🥲 @@danielhoward6413

[@camleboy1287]

Great contant can please make another video about the lifting force for an elctromagnet from a destance or elctromagnetic lavetation to lift a an iron ball for example

[@NickElectronics]

Thank for the comment. Maybe i will do that. Don`t know yet, cause i`m having luck of time now :)

[@rownakcool24]

Hie, I would like to learn more about the magnetic theory. Which book you read to find magnetic field strength? And to types of material to use.

[@NickElectronics]

Hi. "Magnetism and magnetic materials" by COEY explains a lot

[@darkshadowsx5949]

Thanks! i been trying to make a small pneumatic solenoid valve and the coil is as weak as a dead horse. my core is likely carbon steel. i just grabbed some iron rod stock from a hardware store and threw it on my lathe. my coil is ~1300 turns of 31 AWG magnet wire and im trying to stick with 12v for the coil. but i have to crank it to 24v to make it work and it gets hot. im not sure how much my 0.5mm thin walled delrin bobbin effects the strength. starting with better permeable iron core should give it a boost of strength. i'm not sure what else to improve.

[@NickElectronics]

Things will go better with an iron core, that's for sure. What is the resistance of the coil u have? How hot it gets? Cause even a magnet from the video gets hot. For example : 12V * 12V / 35 Ohms = 4 Watts of power. If your solenoid is really small you have a high power density and it gets hot. Maybe try increasing the number of turns maintaining the same length. Thus, you would increase resistance, lower current, lower consumed power, but save the magnet strength.

[@dubbylabby6068]

It will be amazing if someone builds a tool where you place coils/magnet tipe, interna/external diameter and desired RPM (with highest torque associated) and it outputs a pcb. I have a bunch of applications and, even understanding most of these videos, I can't build this by myself (yet)

[@rafaelcuryrayes7305]

I will try

[@riasaha772]

Which simulation software have you used?

[@NickElectronics]

FEMM 4.2. It is free :)

[@smaghe]

@Tall Nick Electronics How does peak current impact saturation? I need to move ~1kg at a distance of ~8mm (air permeability) over 3-4mm. I wanted to use a supercapacitor to discharge a burst of 2.4k Amps into a solenoid. Do you think I will hit the same hard limit? I am aware saturation follows a logarithmic scale, but I wonder if I will still get a higher Tesla peak using a burst?

[@NickElectronics]

What you are talking about is a high power current generator. It is a little bit different from conventional electromagnet i think. You should look theory for a railgun if you want to create something that you mentioned. About the parameters you mentioned, i don`t know, cause it is a specific task that should be individually calculated :)

[@aravamudhankcs6476]

how did you calculate number of turns? by resistance? how exactly?

[@NickElectronics]

I provide formulas in the video. Resistance is only one parameter and usually process of magnet design is iterative process. Cause there are different limitations: resistance, as you said, magnet peak temperature, space limitations, its power etc. So you do calculations, check wether some parameters are out of tour limits, then recalculate it. Resistance of the wire in reality is a bad thing and preferable to have it as low as possible, but this increases wire thickness and forces you to use more complex control of the magnet. So for magnets you can buy online, resistance is used for limiting peak current as well. In such case by changing applied voltage, peak current and magnet force can be changed

[@AlyxGlide]

what do you mean by 'shorter length of the coil', total wire length, or length of the angled coil? I'm guessing wire length, but IDK!

[@NickElectronics]

I mean length of the coil on the rod,not the total length of the wire. it is shown on the image when I show the B formula at the beginning of the video.

[@jokubasmirinas116]

I wanted to ask a few questions, how did you get electrical steel in such small amount? Did you buy it wholesale with some other people? What is the realistic wire thickness if you are winding by hand? thanks in advance.

[@NickElectronics]

Hi, i think you can buy electrical steel roads from ebay, but then you need cut it, make a groove in it using lathe, which is not easy. Maybe the easiest option is to get an old transformer and use its core :)

[@jokubasmirinas116]

@@NickElectronics damn, completly forgot about that site haha. Thank you very much.

[@NickElectronics]

@@jokubasmirinas116 no problem

[@lvb3575]

What software did you use to simulate the magnetic fields?

[@NickElectronics]

FEMM 4.2

[@phsouza.f]

Your content and quality is pretty good, I wish you gain a lot of subscribers and views!!!

[@NickElectronics]

Thank you a lot :) One day. Everything is possible)

[@R0M4NS623]

Any chance you put a link to the solenoid and battery source you used?

[@NickElectronics]

Hi, could you please clarify which exactly moment you mean? I attached some links but not sure you wanted exactly them :) shorturl.at/aUX23 shorturl.at/inCF1

[@R0M4NS623]

Nice! Thank you very much! So you used a wall plug for the solenoid and not a battery? Nice! Thank you!

[@NickElectronics]

@@R0M4NS623 Yeah, no problems with using wall plug power supply. Except mine had a limit of 1 Amp and it worked fine with an electromagnet form a store, but didn't quite work with a home made one due to a several mistakes i made :)

[@chongshenchang9367]

Sir, which is better, Iron core of many layers or one solid iron piece.

[@NickElectronics]

For high frequency applications - many layers. For low frequency - solid piece is okay. Eddy currents is the reason :)

[@Silkari]

What simulation software was used?

[@NickElectronics]

FEMM 4.2

[@jaydenzhou2194]

Where is that Force equation coming from? what is it derived from?

[@NickElectronics]

Maxwell Equations, like everything else in the world of electromagnetic waves :) But they are really hard to understand. So you can google Lorents Force as well )

[@jaydenzhou2194]

@@NickElectronics Thanks! But could you explain the cross sectional area? Is it the rectangle or circle version of the cross-section? If not, how is it calculated?

[@NickElectronics]

@@jaydenzhou2194 Depends on the core you have, formula will be different. Imagine you slice a core with a perpendicular to its surface plane. The area will be cross section of two

[@victorlopez-perez1887]

Hey, the equation for magnetic force in minute 2:33. i typed the numbers on screen into a calculator and i did not get 100 mN. I need this formula desperately, could you please explain what i am doing wrong?

[@NickElectronics]

Hey, yeah, ahaha. In video i say that diameter is 7mm and it`s cross section would be 38.5*10^-6 m^2, but i have 15*10^-6 in the formula for some reason, which is wrong :/// So there should be 38.5 instead of 15 in the second formula and result is around 100. Also, next time i gonna put approximately equal sign instead of equal, to not confuse people )

[@victorlopez-perez1887]

@@NickElectronics Thank You so much!!! ohh and why is there a (10^-6) being multiplied by 83^2?

[@NickElectronics]

@@victorlopez-perez1887 Cause (83 mT)^2 is ( 83*10^-3 )^2 which is 83^2 * 10^-6

[@victorlopez-perez1887]

@@NickElectronics so 10^-6 is to convert from miliTeslas to Teslas? but (83*10^-3 )^2 equals 6.889*10^9 and (83^2 * 10^-6) equals 6.899*10^-3 which are different, which one should i use?

[@NickElectronics]

@@victorlopez-perez1887 Yes, to convert miliTeslas to Teslas. And no, they are not different. You must be doing something wrong. Check it again, please :) Put it to the calculator

[@aravamudhankcs6476]

What was the software that you are using ?

[@NickElectronics]

FEMM 4.2

[@aravamudhankcs6476]

@@NickElectronics is that only for magnet and electromagnet?....

[@NickElectronics]

@@aravamudhankcs6476 for magnetics mostly. Also for heat flow and current flow :)

[@aravamudhankcs6476]

@@NickElectronics is it possible for you to make a tutorial video

[@NickElectronics]

@@aravamudhankcs6476 i am not using it daily, so i am not specialist in it. I used it for the video to show processes in electromagnet, cause it is relatively simple tool for simple tasks. And i know there is not that much tutorial videos about it in the internet. If i had to simulate something complex, in more details, i would probably use Ansys Maxwell. Cause there are much bigger community and easier to find examples.

[@smaghe]

Cross posting this other amazing video as it is complementary to this one: kzbin.info/www/bejne/aoapfJ9vm7p_oaM

[@efootballpesgaming9042]

Hi! Can you please send those calculations?

[@NickElectronics]

Yes) Need your mail or something :)

[@russchadwell]

How do I prevent the stupid metal coil from turning into a permanent magnet due to use!? I want my magnet to let GO when power is off!!!

[@NickElectronics]

Use core material with low remanence. Or demagnetize core applying reverse polarity to the coil. But in case of demagnetizing field strength (current through coil) should be specific. You can experiment with it :)

[@russchadwell]

@@NickElectronics what is an example of core material having "low rermanence"? Is it considered a type of iron somehow? I wish thing thing to be let go had more mass such that it might fall away. But, instead, it's like a paperclip!

[@marcelpopescu8754]

Y GREET YOU WITH RESPECT ! PLEASE YF YOU WANT TO HELP ME WITH SOME INFORMATION. HOW CAN I TRANSFORM A ROUND IRON PLATE, WITH A DIAMETER OF 50 CENTIMETERS, INTO A STRONG ELECTROMAGNET ? THANK YOU VERY MUCH !

[@NickElectronics]

Google industrial electromagnet. They are big and flat. I believe you have to use similar structure for your design. But overall, all principles described in the video can be applied to your case :) Good luck

[@pawan7035]

Please Provide calculation excel file

[@OMNI_INFINITY]

Somebody tell Me I should do easy things instead of Maxwell's equations level maths and so on daily. It's only 1pm and already feel tired.

[@ALL_ONE_SUN]

It’s 0.98 Newtons on average in this World, right? Or is it 1N holds 98 grams on average?

[@NickElectronics]

I don’t know what you wanted to say by using word average, but it is 0,98 Newtons required for holding 100 grams. Or approximately 1 Newton :) Answering second part - 1 Newton is enough to hold 102 grams 🙂

[@ALL_ONE_SUN]

@@NickElectronics Thanks for reminding about that! Right, it's 0.98 N for 100 grams on average. Gravity isn't the same at every location in this World.

[@NickElectronics]

@@ALL_ONE_SUN Ahah. You are right. Not the same around the Earth!)))

[@mr.potato.original]

May I add more CORES

[@NickElectronics]

Sure :)

[@aaronnunez248]

Anyone notice how his force equation doesn't actually give 100mN ??

[@NickElectronics]

Yes, one guy in the comment have noticed previously. I did a mistake when was putting the cross section value in the formula. If you pay attention, in the video i say that diameter is 7mm and it`s cross section would be 38.5*10^-6 m^2, but i have 15*10^-6 in the formula for some reason, which is wrong :/// So there should be 38.5 instead of 15 in the second formula and result is around 100mN. My bad.

[@aaronnunez248]

thanks for the clarification. I am doing an experiment in which I am using electromagnets to accelerate a small aircraft and I've been trying to do research on how to increase the strength of my solenoid. Your video helps a lot. I noticed you mentioned that core materials reach their saturation limit, is there a way to increase the saturation limit of the core material? @@NickElectronics

[@NickElectronics]

@@aaronnunez248 So far as i know, you cannot increase materials B max value. Basically, when you reach saturation limit, that means that all “micro magnets” inside the material are oriented according to the field and no matter what you cant increase B for the that material 🤷‍♂️

[@aaronnunez248]

@@NickElectronics. sadness. So even if I were to increase the voltage/ current through my solenoid or increase the number of turns I won't be able to get a larger amount of tesla out of my coil ? Because I need more than two tesla for my project or actually I just need a larger force output. So another question would be can I still increase the force output of my solenoid even though the flux density is limited.

[@NickElectronics]

@@aaronnunez248 If you have reached Tesla limit, the only way is to increase diameter. Number of turns and increased current would lead to nothing, unfortunately 🥲

[@aufoslab]

Deffinetly Russian Scientist!

[@VanguardDeezNutz]

Hey brother, do you have any idea about the amperage limit of the copper wire? I need to run 10A using 1mm wire, and the internet doesn't have a consistent answer. What thickness of wire did you use and how much current did you run through it?

[@NickElectronics]

You need to find a parameter - “current density” for your application. It depends on many factors, like cooling of the coil, max desired temperature etc. But the rule of the thumb is usually around 8 A/mm^2. Good luck )

[@Fernando-ck8bz]

What simulation software did you use?

[@NickElectronics]

Femm 4.2. It is a free software :)

[@Fernando-ck8bz]

@@NickElectronics Thanks!

[@Fernando-ck8bz]

​@@NickElectronicsThis video helped me so much! How do you calculate the effective permeability of a "pancake" type core?