8 Structure Secrets of Gemstones

Gems are more than just pretty rocks!
Hosted by: Michael Aranda
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Sources:
scifun.chem.wis...
www.gia.edu/ge...
nature.berkele...
www.minerals.ne...
geology.com/gem...
www.geologyin.c...
academic.empori...
geology.com/gem...
www.bwsmigel.in...
www.minerals.ne...
www.britannica...
www.uwgb.edu/d...
www.minerals.ne...
www.minerals.ne...
www.resourcesan...
www.australiang...
www.minerals.ne...
canmin.geoscien...
io9.gizmodo.com...
scifun.chem.wis...
www.gemstonemag...
geminnovations....
www.boundless....
www.minerals.ne...
hyperphysics.ph...
hyperphysics.ph...
www.scipress.or...
www.wolframsci...
www.amazingrust...
www.gemselect.c...
nature.berkele...
www.ruby-sapphi...
images-of-eleme...
images-of-eleme...

[@JoviaI1]

As a geologist, I expected this video to be full of inconsistencies and BS but it was surprisingly correct and quite in depth. *Some very minor corrections:* Sapphires can be every color but red and pink Rutile is pronounced Roo-teel Diamond, while being the hardest mineral is not even close to being indestructible

[@mikat8062]

Jovial “tourmaline” was mispronounces as “tormalin”

[@metanumia]

@@mikat8062 "Tourmaline" should be pronounced as: "TOUR-MA-LEEN", correct?

[@mikat8062]

I agree

[@symonsharif2929]

I forgot if it was graphene that was the strongest

[@dinalou8827]

As a gemmologist (uk spelling) rutile was pronounced correctly as roo-tile (as in ceramic tile).

[@General12th]

8:33 "crystal gems" Oh boy, here we go.

[@giddy7079]

J.J. Shank WE

[@digilici951]

ARE THE CRYSTAL GEMS

[@MelodySnowflakeVA]

We'll always save the day

[@MouthfulofTangerines]

And if u think we cant we'll always find a way

[@decora5689]

That’s why the people of this world

[@RoroTheDeer]

I love how the names of all these gemstones are so nice to say out loud. "Quartz", "Amber", "ERIC". So lovely.

[@bookwormwen]

This episode brought me great joy for two reasons: 1. I found myself genuinely learning things and actually UNDERSTANDING them, which I didn't really get in school. 2. Oh God the Steven Universe references that could be made. They were all so beautiful.

[@MelodySnowflakeVA]

Yes same here :3

[@meghanachauhan9380]

What's Steven universe?

[@Monojoe]

Gems are truly outrageous. They are truly, truly outrageous.

[@SurferGirlAllAroundTheWorld]

WoaOh Gem! Is truly outrageous, truly truly outrageous! 🎶 🎼 🎵 🎤 🎙

[@kennymartin5976]

some of this facts are actually part of the plot of Steven Universe. Rebecca Sugar must really like her gem chemistry.

[@barsozuguler4744]

1:20 He just said that ruby and sapphire are same then How I can ignore garnet now xd 1:10 malachite :)

[@mephostopheles3752]

On the next episode of the Classroom Gems, we--sorry, what? This is SciShow? Shit...

[@varvazinuangel]

We'll learn every day~

[@slinky6415]

Mephostopheles nice reference and nice profile pic

[@katzerl7707]

Mephostopheles nice Danny pic, and good comment !

[@stevetheslothsloth7785]

Mephostopheles you i like your profile pic

[@Titleknown]

On #7 they forgot to mention how Bismuth has the potential to cause shark-jumping if mishandled...

[@Scereyaha]

Pearl finds out she's a "laid back" amorphous organic.... go. It's also an interesting tidbit as far as Ruby and Sapphire being the same gem with only aesthetic differences.

[@xxlegolas]

Someone needs to chain this guy's hands down, he is out of control.

[@kristinabaker4433]

Just like humans... all the same but only aesthetically differentiated

[@Timeward76]

I expected this.

[@garymingy8671]

The changes are real and deep , minor minerals don't fit perfectly and the basic crystile structure is different in size form an composition - thus color , light is a dualiety - it's never simple and rarely direct : buy a diamond from dinosaurs carbon - or a crystle with a Buble in it , juice? Keep looking !

[@varvazinuangel]

"Look like classic crystal gems"

[@zeroangelmk1]

My brain turned to mush when he said that

[@barsozuguler4744]

Me: getting a car magnet to fight Crystal gems: *sad garnet noises

[@XhanAnimations]

Just imagine + if Garnet's name was Corundum + Bismuth could've just been contained from magnets + Steven's gem looking more like a hopper crystal Couldn't hep myself

[@IANF126]

i find hopper crystals to be incredibly fascinating. they look like something straight out of those paintings by mc escher. You could look at them for hours on end and be satisfied. Bismuth also tends to have a lot of colors come off it, kind of like an oily puddle on a rainy day would.

[@runningsandwich]

He said crystal gems that was no accident

[@lolicon453]

runningsandwich We -

[@squippites7356]

@@lolicon453 ARE THE CRYSTAL GEMS

[@lolicon453]

@@squippites7356 WE’LL ALWAYS SAVE THE DAY

[@reecegrimm3614]

They forgot to mention that gems can create physical holograms that can summon weapons and want to take over earth

[@ShayeChild]

Haha! Stop it! I was just thinking that.

[@dr.evrimkaradag3317]

They also forgot to mention most quartzes are from the kindergarten. oh and they can make up songs with perfect lyrics and melody EVEN WHEN fighting with a huge villain

[@tryphosaoladepo4934]

The Steven Universe references are too much to not be intentional. I now know another Universe fan!

[@cheesyvin8078]

So many Steven Universe references....he even said Ruby and Sapphire!!!

[@montlejohnbojangles8937]

Give 'em the bismuth.

[@justagenosfan]

Time to get down to bismuth

[@teamrocketjess]

Did you guys... Bismuth me?

[@hyon2441]

lets get down to bismuth to defeat *THE HUNS*

[@dr.evrimkaradag3317]

pleasure doing *BISMUTH* with you

[@darkmagician2904]

this is really funny if you imagine steven universe gems when they are mentioned.

[@Wildestleaf]

♪♪ We, ♪♪ ♪♪ are the crystal gems ♪♪

[@coltbolt6193]

MrTardman81 we'll always save the day

[@logert3921]

MrTardman81 If you think we can't,

[@QuarkGamingLLC]

Bubby Bomber we'll, always find a way!

[@opencabinets]

that's why the people of this world

[@Doctor2706i]

believe in

[@D0mmac]

8:14 So, Pearl isn't actually a Crystal Gem? Huh... Interesting.

[@NameHierEinfuegen]

Yeah and the way they produce those colors is pretty similar to butterfly wings. Little discs of aragonite layered horizontally with spacings between the layers in the range of the wavelengths of visible light. This causes interference, which extinguishes certain wavelengs and amplifies others. :)

[@SmallAngryNerd]

is alexandrite (changes color in different light, ie sunlight, florescent light, etc) pleochroic as well?

[@massimookissed1023]

Arin Nya , yes, yes it is. Well done you, have a cookie.

[@phillipssmith7911]

Arin Nya Actually, this would be considered as photochromic, since the colour will depend on the type of light used, and not the direction of light.

[@alfredthegreat5452]

Isn't color just a reflection of light. A white paper would look different in white light than red light

[@SmallAngryNerd]

but that's reflection, I'm sure that the light going through alexandrite is being refracted instead

[@NameHierEinfuegen]

Actually chrysoberyl is strongly pleochroic and the variety alexandrite is trichroic. The third color is because of a small ammount of chromium substituting aluminium. Chromium absorbs a very narrow wavelength in the yellow region, thats why it does look different in different lighting conditions. Photochromism usually refers to a reversible photochemical reaction where the different electron states cause different absorption bands. A good example that everyone has seen are sun glasses that darken when exposed to UV. The "cause" of color is usually absorption of specific wavelengths, independent of reflection or transmission. Of course there are exceptions to this as well ... diffraction, some forms of refraction, ...

[@TheNipSnipper]

lemme get this straight... You are gunna mention a shiny dinosaur skeleton and not show us???

[@robinchesterfield42]

You should totally watch the documentary "Australia: The First Four Billion Years"--or at least Chapter 3, where the dinosaur part is. They show a LOT of the opalised dino bones and pan around an entire museum room filled with 'em. Not sure if Eric is in there, but I do remember seeing a skeleton, so...

[@UristMcPerson]

SciShowGeology when?

[@osianoisekenegbe9401]

UristMcPerson It's basically called KateTectonics, since she's closely associated with the SciShow peeps and I doubt they'd purposely step on her toes. Anyway, it's​ good stuff.

[@unepommeverte17]

+Osiano Isekenegbe are you aware that the studio producing kate tectonics is michael's? sorry i just thought "she's closely associated" was a weird way to put it since the host of this video is literally the owner of the studio making kate tectonics.

[@osianoisekenegbe9401]

unepommeverte17 No, I was not aware. I knew he was involved in production somehow, but erred to the side of caution since I didn't know the specifics. It's good to know though, thanks!

[@BarbarianGod]

When we reach the circus!

[@MelodySnowflakeVA]

I can't Watch this video without thinking of Steven universe every five seconds😂😂😂 Malachite Ruby and Sapphire Garnet Amethyst Opal Rose Quartz Bismuth Crystal gems Pearl Help me xD

[@dr.evrimkaradag3317]

me tooooooo UwU I won't be able to concentrate in chemistryyyyy

[@MelodySnowflakeVA]

Dr. Evrim Karadağ xDDDD

[@ferngirltlc]

Heheh, I love all the Steven Universe comments on this video XD Though I also am fascinated by gemstones

[@Timeward76]

it was doomed from the start

[@sebastianalancliffordthomp4114]

All the time I was watching this I just had the Steven Universe theme song running through my head XD

[@shamsnoor7043]

I always thought Corundum and Malachite were made up words from Skyrim

[@AlejandroRodolfoMendez]

funny enough if you found a unnamed gem you could named, the same with species, stars, planets and elements of the periodic table. and even hurricanes. but it would take a wild to other scientist and the scientific community to prove or disprove your claim. so found something and put the name you want.

[@totallynotapuffball9119]

But not elements. Those are too important.

[@afork2600]

Yeah I thought they were made up by skyrim too

[@Hoshimaru57]

Another mythical material that actually existed was Orichalcum, albeit this one was a vaguely yellow metallic alloy made of copper and zinc with traces of lead, nickel, and iron.

[@Tiniuc]

@@Hoshimaru57 I've also heard mithril described as silver-steel, which actually sucks haha.

[@elipitch5649]

We are the crystal gems, we'll always save the day

[@shadowfire04]

Blueberry 101 NOPE

[@mo_arrows2234]

8 Structure Secrets of Gemstones 𝘜𝘚𝘌𝘚 𝘉𝘐𝘚𝘔𝘜𝘛𝘏 𝘈𝘚 𝘛𝘏𝘜𝘔𝘉𝘕𝘈𝘐𝘓

[@Bleepbleepblorbus]

Well crystals repeat their structure in space

[@stedwards311]

I literally just made my first batch of bismuth crystals last weekend, but I hadn't heard the term "hopper" crystals, which are specifically what I am trying to make. Thanks for putting me on the right path to getting better crystals!

[@leonchen551]

*Rubies* are red *Sapphires* are blue Together they're *Garnet* And their *Stronger Than You*

[@stardreamer8996]

they're*

[@jaredtheurer6309]

Leon Chen Fusion is just a cheap trick to make weak gems stronger!

[@Devlinflaherty]

They aren't Garnet, they are Corundum, which is actually stronger than Garnet.

[@rusticpineapple787]

Leon Chen they're

[@C00kii0]

Leon Chen 👏👏👏👏👏👏👏

[@maradiaz6810]

Steven Universe is written all over this video I can'tX3

[@brianpstern]

Steven Universe checklist: Malachite, Ruby, Sapphire, Garnet, polymorphic, diamond, quartz, Amethyst, agate, Opal, Bismuth, Rose Quartz, Pearl, Crystal Gems.

[@yareachdragon1681]

brianpstern What episode was polymorphic in?

[@digilici951]

YareachDragon Season 1, Episode 33. “Keep Beach City Weird”. Towards the end, Ronaldo throws out his “snake people” theory and changes it to “polymorphic sentient rocks” which is actually correct.

[@yareachdragon1681]

Digilici Oh okay, thanks

[@ivythay4259]

Don't forget Topaz, Rutile and Flourite.

[@thomascrownrg]

Hopefully this provides more insight into that which so many consider ultimate & timeless beauty. I, however, have yet to find a gem that even compares to my daughter's eyes, every time she says "I love you Daddy"... Nice job!

[@literaryliekki8341]

And this video is going to kick off a ton of new Steven Universe fan theories! When he mentioned that bit about Ruby and Sapphire being the same thing, just different colours, I gasped loudly XD

[@erikaguzman7406]

I feel like such a nerd for enjoying this 😂😂

[@robinchesterfield42]

It's Sci-Show! We're all nerds here. :)

[@marybianca2722]

Nothing wrong with being a nerd!

[@naturefix290]

Nerds are awesome!

[@Creekfull]

So if Malachite are green because they contain copper and copper only turns green if exposed to oxygen. Does that mean that Malechite underground is a brownish copper colour or is the oxygen crucial for the formation of the gem?

[@pokelolmc6826]

Knugen Oxygen is crucial for the formation of malachite, since it is a carbonate mineral (carbonate is CO3). This is what gives it the colour (copper does this when combined with other compounds; for example, copper sulphate is blue). It can still oxidise, even underground; that’s why it forms at relatively shallow depths; it’s often found where copper meets an area good for oxidisation or other forms of carbonate are present, like limestone.

[@gooze_design]

YOOOO I work at a rock shop and this video helped me understand shit I've been trying to get through reading for YEARS. Thanks Michael, you da best.

[@teddysanders3945]

I clicked on the "*" to save this video as bookmark after 1 minute. After six minutes, I started firefox to save that video. The amount of serious information from this video is hallucinating. I worked for a laser company (Spectra-Physics" for 8 years, so I recognized many of the details. My favorite laser, the femtosecond laser MaiTai use Titanium-Sapphire crystal to generate pulses of lights so short that photons barely oscillate a few cycles. A large number of synchronized photons, each pulses would be 1 million watts if continuous, but 2.5 watts as mean power. Amazing description of optical properties of so many crystals.

[@CoriSparx]

Oh god every time he mentions the gemstones by name the Steven Universe characters pop up in my head instead... XD

[@mewrin]

Me: *clicks on the video cuz i'm a fan of Steven Universe" Video: "Malachite" "Ruby and Sapphire" "Garnet" "Bismuth"

[@MelodySnowflakeVA]

That's exactly how I felt xD

[@pirateswiggity5278]

Look up images for “vacuum vapor gold”, some of the results should show gold grown into clearly define crystalline shape. One thing I noticed about those crystals is that it seems to crystallize in steps similarly to bismuth in some instances, but rather than cubes it forms into octahedron crystals, much like diamonds.

[@dashhazard8526]

Let the Steven Universe theories commence!

[@LoraCoggins]

This episode has been brought to you by Steven Universe! (Well, Yellow Diamond commanded them to make this, or they'd die, so...)

[@superest3000]

If you're evil and you're on the rise, you can count on the for of us taking you down 'Cause we are good and evil never beat us And win the figth and then go out for pizzas We are the cristal gems...............

[@FunnyFany]

Something something Steven Universe

[@Nellipusen]

So that's why even though amethyst doesn't have quartz in her name, she's still considered a quartz soldier

[@David_Last_Name]

@6:30 "Let me tell you about an incredibly rare event, an entire animal fossilized in opal!! If only there was some way to show you this.....if only I could think of SOME way to put a picture up on the screen......oh well, nevermind that I'm sure nobody actually wanted to see it anyway. Lets move on." Why scishow, why? Why do you always do this?! This happens a LOT with you guys. You will tell us about some amazing new species or rare event and then NOT show us a picture of it!! What are you thinking!?

[@chrishusted8827]

www.atlasobscura.com/places/eric-the-pliosaur

[@beeninja2539]

You could just google it but whatever...

[@janethrees9907]

Research mud fossils Biology that becomes geology Our rocks were once all living Now look at jasper and agates and see tissue

[@Technocolor00]

u forgot the part about how you can mash them together and make hit musical sensations like Nicki Minaj

[@dr.evrimkaradag3317]

or just mash em up and make an estelle UwU

[@badhollywoodscience]

Diamagnetics aren't repelled by magnetic fields. In fact something that would always be repelled by a magnetic field doesn't exist. That would be like a magnetic monopole. Diamagnetic material has zero net spin because all the electrons are spin paired. Paramagnetic materials don't have to have an odd number of electrons. They just need to have unpaired electrons in the atomic or molecular hybrid orbitals. Oxygen, O2, is a good example of this.

[@mr.incorporeal7642]

There is no way they mentioned THAT many gems from Steven Universe without it being completely intentional. He even specifically mentions "rose quartz" and "crystal gems".

[@mr.incorporeal7642]

CALM THE FUCK DOWN! Just A Yuri Fangirl! I mean, I suppose so. But they specifically mention malachite, sapphire, ruby (particularly pointing out the relationship between ruby & sapphire), garnet, agate, bismuth, amethyst, pearl, he even specifically mentions "rose quartz" and "crystal gems". Clearly someone's a fan, hah.

[@mr.incorporeal7642]

Kevin O.​​ Maybe because folks enjoy a show with quality writing, relatable characters, and the ability to present emotionally mature issues in ways that allow younger audiences to understand and process those issues while older audiences can appreciate the nuances? You don't have to hate on something just because you're not the target audience.

[@mr.incorporeal7642]

Goldgary456 What about my earlier comment implied that I wasn't calm?

[@mr.incorporeal7642]

Goldgary456 Gotcha, no worries dude.

[@Apoxxgaming]

Goldgary456 Media is the strongest influence in the world. So no, it's not just a show. If people imitate a guy that tossed bottles, they will imitate a show they watch daily. I wouldn't like to be around someone that imitates anything from Steven Universe.

[@RoyalHemlock]

"Simple Geometry" -Hanzo (from OverWatch)

[@HashlandXXX]

Everything you've ever wanted to know about Steven Universe

[@chillausmc]

Mr. Aranda looks very dapper indeed. This is one of my favorite subjects and shows how fast or slow our earth has made certain materials. All out of the same stuff we find around us.

[@unvergebeneid]

2:28 So Mauswiesel spent so much on that awesome crystal that they couldn't afford a half-way decent potato to take the picture with?

[@shadowfire04]

and now garnet makes even more sense because ruby and sapphire are the same gems with different impurities aND AMETHYST IS A POLYMORPH TYPE OF QUARTZ SO SHE CAN CHANGE INTO DIFFERENT THINGS EASILY

[@toyotaprius79]

W H A T W E R E A L L Y A R E

[@justagenosfan]

when we arrived on earth from out beyond your star

[@angelh8367]

PEACE, AND WAR, ON THE PLANET EARTH

[@dannyoman7219]

Crystal has secrets of high tech stuff we still have not learned very intriguing

[@Nemoticon]

When I go to my favourite natural history museum, I always end up spending most time with the Mineral Collection. On face value, many of them are similar colours and similar shapes... but they're all mesmerising in their intricate and perfect beauty. Gemstones are boring from a far and in pictures, in your hand they are something else altogether.

[@kaydakennedy]

Peridot, Lapis lazuli, smokey quartz.... since they didn't get a shout out. (When scishow meets Steven universe)

[@mapleigue]

Hey SciShow, I would like this topic to be addressed: Regarding the expansion of the universe and the redshift of light due to it. If a photon is more energetic, when it's wavlength is short, and less energetic when it's wavelength is long. Where does this energy difference go as the universe expands? My current understanding, is that the expansion is due to dark energy, which scientist cannot account for in their current theories. Could it be that part of this so called dark energy comes actually from the photons? Let's say by exchanging it to space through a yet unknown mechanism or by interaction with yet undiscovered virtual particles? Since a photon has momentum, which is directly related to its wavelength, and a redshift is an increase in wavelength which in turn reduces the momentum of the photon. Where is this difference in momentum accounted for in the equations of general relativity, which are the ones that describe the changes in the fabric of space time?

[@Boppin.]

Marco Antonio Parada I see what you're saying about the photon momentum and redshifts. however, the redshift is a difference is caused by the motion of galaxies and stars away from us. its the same concept as throwing a 60 km/h fastball off the back of a truck moving 60 km/h instead of having no momentum, the photon's wavelength is stretched by this movement. this is not actually directly caused by the expansion space. however its indirectly caused by this as that expansion causes the galaxies to move away from us which in turn causes the wavelength stretch and redshift :P

[@Boppin.]

Marco Antonio Parada I see what you're saying about the photon momentum and redshifts. however, the redshift is a difference is caused by the motion of galaxies and stars away from us. its the same concept as throwing a 60 km/h fastball off the back of a truck moving 60 km/h instead of having no momentum, the photon's wavelength is stretched by this movement. this is not actually directly caused by the expansion space. however its indirectly caused by this as that expansion causes the galaxies to move away from us which in turn causes the wavelength stretch and redshift :P

[@ONEEileenColts]

Marco Antonio Parada no matter how much we think we know we actually know very little. There is no reason why your theory can't be true and the movement of photons could cause dark matter or matrix energy around everything. The big question is what caused the photons to come into existance in the first place.

[@zachsprat9977]

I freaking love gemology... You could say I crave those minerals.

[@MAGNETICDOGZ]

This episode was uploaded a day before my birthday, and I love gemstones! Nice!

[@otomackena7610]

so how does Kryptonite form?

[@gelatinocyte6270]

Krypton and Oxygen

[@TheNinjaCrash]

Gel Kryptonite is formed in space tho...

[@ManfredDudesonVonGuy]

TheNinjaCrash There's a ton of oxygen in space. Where do you think all the oxygen on Earth came from? It's out there in gas clouds, bound up in various chemical compounds, and inside stars.

[@evilotto9200]

An intense heat fusion of 15.08% plutonium, 18.06% tantalum, 27.71% xenon, 24.02% promethium, 10.62% dialium, 3.94% mercury and 0.57% of an unknown substance.

[@connorwaud6134]

SaCeuran nice idea but the oxygen on earth was formed by early bacteria and was the cause of a mass extinction

[@scishowfan2.050]

what do you do with a sick scientist ...if you cant helium and cant curium then you mine as well barium😅😅

[@rickyferguson7373]

only this audience would understand that

[@flutedscissors9655]

SCI SHOW FAN 2.0 ._.

[@shadomatch4375]

saving this to a puns list in google docs, I may use this in my a comedy fiction story if it fits, message me here and ill try and copy your email down so that I can send it too you!

[@CAPSLOCKPUNDIT]

Ouch! Your puns are really flourine me!

[@Apoxxgaming]

CAPSLOCKPUNDIT Fail.

[@cameronstrommen1714]

probably my favorite video this year so far

[@izzyxblades]

I know this is an older video but I just came across it. FYI research team, all non-red corundum is called sapphire, meaning that sapphires can be pink, yellow, green, etc. Blue is just the most desired sapphire color.

[@caricheng]

awesome episode!! i wish there was more images, i paused and went to Google images a few times.

[@killerkeemstar8366]

This episode seems like it was created bc of steven universe

[@ExtraOni]

Its so cool how Rebecca Sugar took the time to put actual gem stuff in her show

[@flyflyflycrawl]

It's been awhile, but I really miss these kind of long SciShow segments. The topic was very interesting as well! =D

[@ismaeljantumaliuan9127]

Insufferable pedant warning. Diamonds aren't indestructible, they're just super hard, aka can't be scratched by another material. Hit the Hope Diamond with a dollar store hammer and the gem shatters.

[@RD-fb6ei]

Congrats on 4 million!

[@pinkpolly88]

Gemstones and chemistry are two of my favourite things. This episode was fab!

[@mrroneill99]

Michael, I love it when you talk Chemistry...or Biology...or all Physical ❤️. Such stamina too! 😍🏋🏻‍♂️💪🏼

[@Mazzolli]

2:57 6:11 8:22 and Steven!

[@shadowfire04]

don't forget 8:07 oh wait she be ded

[@flapflapflapflap]

Yuanyuan Qu she IZ dead

[@Some_Guy77]

:D

[@elikopokopo6443]

start your own kindergarden tutorial

[@justagenosfan]

2 years later: steven universe movie

[@daliabogdan1564]

i've reaaaally been trying to hold myself from being THAT person, but I can't, your hair has changedddddd and it makes me feel weirdly nostalgic, especially because i've been knowing you since your videos with Charlie. I know I have no point, but I had to say it.

[@Jindorek]

This is my favourite video so far this year! I love gems and learning more about them was a treat. Thank you.

[@unoriginal1086]

The sapphire and ruby thing reminded me of Steven Universe. Does that mean Garnet is just one gem?

[@robinchesterfield42]

Technically yes! :)

[@kidedogawa16]

shoutout to geologists in the comment section!

[@NameHierEinfuegen]

Crystallography major! :D

[@ezachleewright2309]

Polymorph: Sounds meh, whatever Allotrope: sounds awesome and sciency, much cooler

[@lagswitchkid1250]

"Before creation itself, there were six singularities, then the universe ..." is how Michael should've started out.

[@daniellbondad6670]

Diamond is what most people think of as a gem.But it is relatively worthless.The only value it has,is the love you gave with it,not it's price or rarity.

[@jaxonnobles]

I don't know if this is a joke or a reference but diamond is both expensive and costly, but also has scientific and practical uses because of it's extremely hard albeit brittle structure.

[@daniellbondad6670]

+DarkWingDerpy Yes,it is very valuable in science but I'm talking about it as a gem that most wedding rings have.Many people believe it is very valuable because it is rare.But they are actually quite common. A 1930's ad gave diamonds that value.

[@hyrekandragon2665]

Yeah in fact diamonds are controlled by an international monopoly that control how many diamonds are in circulation. Alsp diamonds used in science are rare because they need to be a specifc type for whatever application a diamond is needed for l, but those are not the ones you want to use in jewelry.

[@matej670]

Daniell Bondad i dont like diamonds because they are beautiful i like them because of their phisical abilitys

[@Joeyfm3210]

Daniell Bondad diamond has the highest rating on Moh's hardness scale, meaning it is nearly impossible to scratch. i.e. makes a good gemstone in jewlery because you dont have to worry about it losing its shine from rubbing/scratching. "diamonds are forever". it can still be smashed/crushed though, thats a different scale.

[@ragecoder5351]

Hey its nice doing *BISMUTH* with u ;)

[@tysco8296]

Beautiful and informative EYE CANDY...the presentation and the orator!

[@ultimateninjaboi]

Had a goofy smile on my face at the reference to d4s. X3

[@BronzeManul]

Zinc isn't a transition metals and others aren't that you showed when you displayed the whole d-block at 0:50 .

[@vivimannequin]

Yeah it is

[@T3R4N01D]

he even said Ruby and Sapphire together right? the fandom is real!

[@vgman94]

This was one of the most fascinating SciShow episodes I've seen in a long time.

[@borg286]

one of the best scishow episodes

[@CortezEspartaco2]

Looking at the comments, geology has been reduced to a Steven Universe fandom topic. Great.

[@mr.roboto9210]

I swear to Christ if there's any Steven Universe puns in this comment section....

[@623pieman]

Kole The Otaku don't worry they're as plentiful as the are cringey

[@gelatinocyte6270]

DO IT! Swear to Christ now.

[@toyotaprius79]

But what if Steven's... penis... gets in the way?

[@gelatinocyte6270]

It won't.

[@toyotaprius79]

How much did you tell him? AMETHYST! How Much Did You Tell Him?!

[@madzness19]

This guys voice is insanely soothing

[@YuriVidalO]

Being a fan of Steven Universe makes this video so much amazing

[@shayf.7658]

I kept getting distracted because i was reminded of Steven Universe

[@Sweet_Clod]

🎵 Garnet, Amethyst and Pearl. And Steven. 🎵

[@Abu_Shawarib]

Didn't know nature had such beautiful shapes of gems.

[@TomsBackyardWorkshop]

I have a star garnet that I found at a dig in Idaho. My family collected hundreds of garnets one summer. I polished them all and only one of them turned out to be a star garnet. Its one of the most rare gemstones in the world. They can only be found in two places. Sadly yet they aren't worth very much.