A History of Britain - Bronze and Iron (2200 BC - 800 BC)

Note: This is a re-edit of the Bronze and Iron episode (Originally released 17th June 2019) due to some copyright concerns.
This episode explores the arrival of metalworking on the shores of Britain, and how its adoption radically changed society.
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#History #Britain #BronzeAge #IronAge
Links to online sources:
“The Beaker phenomenon and the genomic transformation of northwest Europe” by Olalde et al.
www.nature.com/articles/natur...
“Neolithic and Bronze Age migration to Ireland and establishment of the insular Atlantic genome” by Cassidy et al.
www.pnas.org/content/113/2/368
“Archaeological investigations at Ross Island Cave, Killarney, Co. Kerry” by O’Brien and Comber M
www.jstor.org/stable/20650867...
“Innovation and identity: the language and reality of prehistoric imitation and technological change” by Frieman C
www.researchgate.net/publicat...
“The Bronze Age Boats of North Ferriby, Yorkshire” by Wright EV
www.penn.museum/sites/expedit...
“Offshore finds from the bronze age in north-western europe: the shipwreck scenario revisited” by Samson AVM
openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bits...
“At the Water's Edge” by Lund J
www.academia.edu/4188010/At_t...
“Bronze Age Field Systems in the Thames Valley” by Yates DT
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/a...
“The Flag Fen Basin: Archaeology and environment of a Fenland landscape” by Pryor F
archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/...
“East Chisenbury Midden, Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire Archaeological Report” by Wessex Archaeology
www.wessexarch.co.uk/sites/de...
“The British Plough: Some Stages in its Development” by Payne FG
www.jstor.org/stable/40272824...
Expeditionary by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (creativecommons.org/licenses/...)
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: incompetech.com/

[@peternicholls6532]

I came here to learn more about the bronze age.. as a metal detectorist I was fortunate to find a bronze age palstave style axe head on new years eve 2019, I informed my local FLO (Find's Liason Officer) of the find, who requested pictures and map reference (google map) which I supplied. I'm hoping to keep it once it's catalogued etc, it dates around 3200 -3500 yrs old. The land owner who gave permission wasn't too bothered about it and said he thought it would have come off a piece of machinery!. It's a find of a lifetime for me and remains a top bucket lister for many a detectorist. :)

[@RosieWilliamOlivia]

Did you get to keep it?!

[@peternicholls6532]

@@RosieWilliamOlivia Unfortunately my Find's Liasion Officer has given up the post! I got in touch by email after getting no replies about the pictures she requested, but few month later emailed again & got an auto reply stating she no longer holds the position. With this covid crap! I left it a while & found out the new FLO (One person covering the whole of Derbyshire & Nottinghamshire!!) a week ago, so I'll be getting in touch to get it sorted. I will assume I can keep it, as other people have found as many as eight before, & got to keep them (they were offered to the gods in return for a good crop, that is why you can come across a hoard of them sometimes) . I will let you know the outcome :) but from other detectorists experiences it's a slow process & one guy was moaning they had his finds for 18 months! but what does he expect with one person covering two counties of finds lol

[@SimpletonSimonton]

@@peternicholls6532 I’d have kept schtum if I had found it :)

[@peternicholls6532]

@@SimpletonSimontonNo offence but If everyone thought like that then there would not be much history to go by or museum pieces to see :) . I will probably still get to keep it once it's logged on a database, it helps to understand who was where in ancient times :)

[@SimpletonSimonton]

@@peternicholls6532 no offence taken. The museums are full of plunder. Queen Elizabeth has a claim on the Saxon hoard discovered in Hammerwich.

[@babscabs1987]

Imagine how mind blown a stone age Briton must've been on seeing a blacksmith at work for the first time.

[@babscabs1987]

"'Ere look, this twat's tryna cook a stone! Worra knob'ead..."

[@joshuachappell5840]

"In my day, ya made a spear ya didn't need no fire ya daft c@nt -Jest a stone and 'nother stone."

[@celticsaxon8857]

Yes you're easy going to listen to. No acting or over-the-top or spam. Thanks.

[@SivakAurak]

Part of me wonders if the 'Sword in the Stone' myth started when a Neolithic farmer watched an early metalworker pull a copper knife out of a cast. After some polishing, you're looking at a bright shining blade that is CLEARLY MAGIC.

[@decem_sagittae]

No.

[@robertingham6777]

Yes

[@JonSmith-cx7gr]

Maybe

[@benidictnelbert]

Humans are getting dumber not smarter

[@MendTheWorld]

Agreed... to the point of not even knowing how to spell Benedict. How far will we fall?

[@TheManOWrath]

The most intense moment of this was when you discussed water offerings, and I realized I had unknowingly practiced a ceremony of my ancient ancestors. 😮

[@glasnikov]

I love your clear style of telling the story. Must have been a lot of work put into producing this. Thank you!

[@cmdrTremyss]

Not as much as mining out all that chopper.

[@drjohnsmith450]

Thankyou again mate. My daughter (7) love's that are both learning together. ❤ Woke up and asked What's next. Thankyou from Australia. 👍

[@lightbeingform]

high five for a good dad

[@JayNewberyy]

How I was taught British history in the UK: "2200BC: In Egypt, undying kings lie beneath the greatest monuments mankind has yet devised...in Mesopotamia, the world's first empire is on its knees, slowly collapsing under the weight of draught and rebellion...and far to the west, on the windy shores of Britain, we all sat in caves wearing animal skins, saying "ug ug ug", waiting for the Romans to come and civilise us."

[@Slapnuts9627]

Ah yes, Western Europe, sucking Roman cock 1,000 years after the Roman Empire fell.

[@the_chosen_one5642]

@@Slapnuts9627 Eastern Europe as well

[@oltyret]

The ruling classes would prefer that you have a properly grateful attitude.

[@4seedsfarmok978]

Theirs never been a mummy pulled out of the pyramids.

[@JayNewberyy]

@@4seedsfarmok978 can you link to a peer reviewed source that states that no one was buried under any of the 100+ recorded Egyptian pyramids?

[@LiteralSloth]

Currently stuck working an overnight shift. This is helping me get through the long night.

[@samkershaw8474]

1:03 "The long rains would arrive and wouldn't end for centuries to come." As a Mancunian they still haven't.

[@ottohoulihan2743]

You wanna try living in Doncaster.

[@samkershaw8474]

@@ottohoulihan2743 I guess both sides of the Pennines have it rough.

[@luluadapa5222]

Preston. Rainiest city in England.

[@DarkShroom]

@Mr T yeah i'd have liked him to explain a bit more on that some quick wikipedia though indicates increased rainfall in cumbria: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoric_Cumbria#Neolithic,_c._4500%E2%80%932350_BC From around 5000 BC, alder became widespread, due to the increased rainfall, so evidence we would assume is increased rivers, change in wildlife, erosion etc... i think he whole lot then builds up a picture.... but yeah it'd be nice to see what sort of evidence they use to prove this

[@benscotti1991]

Try being from Barrow-in-Furness 😂

[@AwestaKhalid]

well done. I can't believe this was made to be viewed for free.

[@theCosmicQueen]

don't worry they get paid. check under the description, and if there are any ads or sponsors, that helps.

[@AwestaKhalid]

@@theCosmicQueen oh definitely, I guess what I should've said was that I can't believe the person who made this is OK with donation/ad/sponsor money and doesn't want more money via charging the viewer.

[@mauricepowers8079]

Shhhhh...quiet...don't give anyone ideas.

[@Fadez77]

Barrens from WoW, Horn of Easterlings from Middle Earth, Age of Mythology... I approve of your references

[@shawndoran2879]

Mitchell and webb bronze age sketch 14:22

[@willyword3413]

HAH Was just gonna say that

[@willyword3413]

been playing wow classic too past few days for TBC

[@Kiyan3100]

That's what I was gonna say! I knew I recognized that music from somewhere, good taste

[@razamadaz3417]

So we live on an island that was originally mis-spelt.......well i'll be damned....Thumbs up for these history videos, they are really interesting. I've never known about our ancestors lives. We really have come a long way as a nation since the early days and owe our lives to the hardworking folk of ancient Britain.

[@dd11111]

We owe everything to our ancestors. Without their hard work we would not be here. Such a shame that only the farmers are the only ones who care anymore. Even many people living in villages dump their waste in the diches.

[@jfebacher]

@Histocrat. You are simply amazing. I enjoy everything you put out and am always hopeful for more from you. Keep it up and thank you.

[@mapleleaf0]

Looking forward to the next part in the series. Thank you for this wonderful work.

[@anthonymolloy3357]

Excellent presentation. I learned a great deal about something I thought I knew about. Beautiful writing, comprehensive accreditation. Thank you. I'm looking forward to watching the others.

[@matthewm2528]

Great! You do such a great job with these. They are riveting the whole way though. I'm so glad you were consistent with accurate depictions and art, along with showing specific examples of artifacts and locations. I suppose you will be discussing this in the next video, but, I would really love to have a clear explanation of when the beaker people, and their successors, became/begot the Celts.

[@zuleikadilella7618]

Yet another gripping and informative 53 minutes well spent. Can't wait for the next one

[@calvinhobbes5686]

The most detailed histories I’ve yet to see on the net. Superb!

[@decem_sagittae]

I really wonder what it was like to go inside those mines back then. I've entered several ancient mines and it was quite unsettling, despite the mines being electrically lit. It must have been terrifying for our ancestors who only had candles and torches. No wonder there's so many superstitions around mines even today.

[@bvyup2112]

I was in the Big Mine in Wales and when the lights were off and it was fully dark it was mind boggling. It really messed with you psychologically.

[@dwightehowell8179]

The use of lights would have to some degree been limited by their using up the oxygen.

[@Murderface-oq9lp]

@@dwightehowell8179 Get yourself a basket of glow worms

[@fizzelopeguss]

@@bvyup2112 Unbelievably cold down there as well isn't it.

[@xSoulhunterDKx]

Murderface0151 lifehack 😂

[@FireMao]

Thanks Histocrat. Much appreciated.

[@fullofcupcakesyumm]

It’s amazing how much research went into this! You’re amazing, great job!

[@MelEveritt]

You are truly wonderful in providing well researched documentaries. Thank you

[@TheWorldofShanks]

Always excited to get a notification for a new one

[@davepangolin4996]

I've come across this channel by chance. Quickly become one of my favourites, excellent

[@scottscottsdale7868]

Can you imagine being the first person to use bronze. All of your neighbors are us8ng flint and there you are hacking away at a funny green stone. Their spouse would have been mad. “ what are you doing crushing that green stuff all day long week on end”. Just like in Monty Python

[@alanmcrae8594]

A wonderful presentation. Thank you sir. The only sensible reason I can think of to bury items that are newly finished, or almost finished, and never used is to hide it from invaders or thieves. Since the items were never retrieved by the people who buried them, perhaps they were killed in battle elsewhere and never returned.

[@p0m91]

really interesting stuff and great narration. cheers!

[@janiced9960]

A very interesting programme, particularly the sub-titles. They were absolutely hilarious; I wonder what Neil all over made of it. Looking forward to the next one. Thank you.

[@broggsey]

Amazing series so far thanks for making it

[@ShauntSerelu]

Found this channel from a random recommendation on the KZbin front page. Love your work!

[@benjamintrejo9307]

Great Scott! Great stuff!

[@andyoutdoors4350]

Very interesting thank you for taking the time to make this Atb Andy

[@naztubes]

Thoroughly enjoyed this presentation. I found an early Bronze Age Axe while metal detecting, broken in two pieces. An offering perhaps? Thanks for giving us an insight in to this fascinating era.

[@marier7336]

Better videos than any on TV! I love your narration and beautiful language 😍

[@Starbat88]

This channel is a treasure trove. Thanks for your work. ^_^

[@Itsamystery757]

Noticed the wow music at the beginning haha.

[@kotokotify]

then at 1:20 ck2 music kicked in.

[@Metaphix]

Nostalgia af

[@ElvisVikic]

Barrens chat ptsd kicked in

[@marym6939]

SysQuatch love it

[@ThunderSlav]

Right in the feels.... :D the Crossroads is under attack

[@6079SmithW]

Thank you for these vids. I like the straightforward style.

[@DarkShroom]

this documentary is just fantastic... i had been looking for a BIG human history doc, and this one focuses on Britain makes for a really novel twist

[@TheLeonhamm]

This is, sadly, better than most 'official' or educational filmographies and docu-babble-mentaries. It does, of course, rely largely on the sources put out by the education industry, yet it is not entirely trapped into pushing the whole industrialised packaging. What remains is still fancy, guesswork, speculation, and hypothesis, however, its saving grace comes with a readiness to challenge (at least some) of the prevailing contradictions; e.g. hand-to-mouth hunter-gathering/ malnourished subsistence farming, early death on a vast scale, all but culture-less human wastelands; contra - large communal meeting areas, some having complicated structures, prolonged or repeated functions, flint industries, ore and stone works, gold-work, copper mining and use, multifaceted and multi-agency co-operation, openness to new ideas, technologies, cultures, etc. We aren't especially thoughtful toward our forefathers (and mothers).

[@MendTheWorld]

TheLeonhamm A tiresome pedant.

[@davedrury1367]

And somewhat unread on the latest developments....

[@greggeverman5578]

It might contain a lot of guesswork, but I do like the independent aspect of it.

[@wodenravens]

@@davedrury1367 Which developments would you like to have seen covered?

[@49100CHP]

Big fan

[@ottohoulihan2743]

Loving this channel!!

[@a0g1er]

Really enjoying this series, THANKS! Can I see the parts after this one, from 600BC, onwards please.

[@loszhor]

Very interesting! Thanks for uploading!

[@olivermoore7020]

Very interesting! Keep up the good work!

[@Koivisto147]

I'd really love to see one of these documentaries cover Britain's Roman and early Anglo-Saxon period.

[@Pospisk]

I really look forward to see the video on Anglo-Saxon peroid made by The Histocrat.

[@aquaman839]

You produce quality content and I appreciate you for it.

[@stevenryall3186]

Wonderful and informative. Thanks!

[@jasonbrooks774]

One of the ferriby boats is on display exactly like the Dover boat is displayed in the hull and East riding museum, in the old town, Hull.

[@DANKFPV]

Wow, congratulations and thanks for your hard work and discovering such a piece of history

[@aclockworkcranberry]

Great documentary with good narration. Hoping this series runs up to present day!

[@lianafriedman6555]

Hello WoW music. Something I'd never thought I would hear on this channel. How awesome

[@RedEyedCrow118]

Watching this while hearing familiar soundtracks from good old games, made it easier for me to concentrate ♥

[@texn7121]

Age of empires?

[@RedEyedCrow118]

@@texn7121 yep, World of Warcraft too

[@harmonicresonanceproject]

Great show, thank you!

[@caromurp1]

Great video, well done!

[@RowdyElectron]

Imagine having mastery of your universe, sure that the gods above have given what can’t be explained, and everything there is to know is known. Then some guy comes by and makes a whole new thing never before known from special dirt. Makes you wonder what magic we may see the next time we see something technologically so advanced comes along that shatters bedrocks of knowledge.

[@uK8cvPAq]

Albion sounds so mystical and steeped in legend.

[@chadbusch8541]

They say if you listen you can hear the wind say " TRY TO GET YOUR COMBAT MULTUPLYER EVEN HIGHER"

[@joshuaturner2524]

Your health is low, maybe you should drink a health potion or eat some food

[@uK8cvPAq]

@@joshuaturner2524 lol

[@grayfiresoul]

Woah. I thought I was in for some Barrens chat there in the beginning for a second.

[@komuilee1310]

A History of The Barrens: Blood and Thunder.

[@midori4352]

Omg me too

[@HPNomad]

I heard the Stormwind theme in the last video lol

[@devoureddeath222]

Anyone know where Mankirk’s wife is? It’s for a quest

[@danboone5672]

Zug Zug

[@jasonirby3382]

Absolutely brilliant stuff.

[@Numba003]

Thank you for another excellent episode! This channel is a great boon for learning more about deep and ancient history. God be with you out there everybody. ✝️ :)

[@kylesells8579]

Bravo, well done sir. Thank you.

[@Frontoffme]

these are great and your music choices are mint

[@peterhill2881]

A great set of videos enjoyed them all

[@KathrynsWorldWildfireTracking]

Excellent documentary. Loving the Age of Empires music. ❤️

[@kareliask]

Wonderful work, thank you.

[@johnst3296]

Psyched for the next one!!!

[@DanCooper404]

Fantastic video!

[@supergreen5855]

love the video game soundtracks on all the videos, really perfect.

[@bethanyrachel63]

how insane !!! history blows my mind only 13mins in ....love it!!

[@benrokh]

"Partially melted, bent and broken bronze items that were cast away into rivers and lakes".... This sounds very similar to the practice where an effigy or a petition is thrown into running water to get rid of a person, a disease etc. I wonder whether this might be the same situation whereby after defeating an enemy, their weapons and other belongings were destroyed and cast into rivers or buried in bogs so that they will never come back.

[@joebloggs7956]

from a defeated enemy tribe or something, i also thought its safer to get rid of the sword if you have a new one made from superior material than have someone else use it. Maybe they where also trying to put minerals back in the earth for farming, full circle stuff anyways

[@human5592]

The hoard found near Aberdare, S Wales was at LLyn Fawr, not Flynn Valor as in subtitles.

[@titusluisi]

Age of Mythology soundtrack. The best!

[@Lioslaith]

I wondered if I was the only one who noticed!

[@yak6896]

I was wondering why it was so familiar... cheers!

[@AlexanderMcArthy]

titusluisi I came to the comments for this very reason ha!

[@MichaelJCaboose013]

@@AlexanderMcArthy Same!

[@malcolm3099]

I just realized there was even music after turning up the headphones lol. He mixed it so low I'm surprised yall heard it.

[@rexmundi3108]

12:00 copper was not the hardest material known. Flint is much harder and harder stones are much sharper. Copper was softer, malleable, and more easily reworked. Ductile vs vitreous. Bronze was "harder" and kept an edge longer, but even surgical steel isn't as sharp as obsidian. Early metals were less brittle. THAT was their attraction, as well as recycleability. A shattered flint blade is gone. A bent or dulled copper blade can be restored. A very interesting video but many errors concerning metallurgy, including basic chemistry,as well as the useful properties of stone that saw it only widely abandoned when the arsenic/tin/copper ratio was perfected to make a clearly superior bronze. Over all, entertaining. But sometimes misleading.

[@lauraredwitch]

Thanks for these great videos :)

[@susanlegeza7562]

One never knows enough history!I cameto Canada 63 years ago, had morehistory of Europe in my scoolyears than people here in the Americas, but neverenough!Thank you for your very clear lectures!

[@thebutcherofbenghazi.libya3348]

here's another fact not covered in this film, discovered only earlier this year then: The bones of Stonehenge's builders were tested...it's the ISRAELITES AND PHOENICIANS (Canaanites who are the fathers of Druze (Druids=Druze) & Jews): google "cup ring marks India Israel Canaan" to see.

[@thebutcherofbenghazi.libya3348]

...i.e. see 6:50

[@juuliusczar7161]

Just a bit of a tiemline to the best of my knowledge for context during this time, feel free to say if i missed anything or got something wrong as many dates can be changed a little by interpretation: I'll begin in 20,000 BC - Northern Europe is frozen in the ice age. 16,000 BC - Irish landbridge to Britian seperates. 10,750 BC - first people begin to arrive in ireland as evidenced by cutting on bear bones in a cave by hunters. At this time the glacial maximum is ending and people are moving northwards and westwards from around Europe for land. Beakers (the name given to the first people of Britian also are arriving at this time.) 7,000 BC - First Irish settlement 6,000 BC - British-continental europe land bridge ends 5,200 BC - agriculture arrives in England allowing for a growing population. 4,800 BC - agricultire arrives in Ireland, growing the population. 1,200 BC - A group of many seperate but related identities known as the Celtics begin to arrive in Britian from across France. Also the Bronze age ends and the Iron age begins. 43 AD - Romans begin to conquer England and rule until they leave in 409 AD as the area is difficult and expensive to occupy. 449 AD - Anglo-Saxon-Jutes conquer England from todays North German Danish region, they were often mercenaries who fought for pay in England due to low prospects at home and saw how weak england was occupied and how ripe the land was. This was their biggest motivation for going. ~865 AD - Danes begin to invade Britian and form what is to become the Danelaw in much of England, last until roughly 954 AD. 1066 AD - the Normans from Normandy in France win at the battle of Hastings and conquer England. These dates are rough to pinpoint but my point is to demonstrate all the peoples that make up present day Britian; Beakers natives, various groups of celtic peoples, romans, anglos, saxons, jutes, Danes, Normans, all to create the cultures and languages we have today.

[@jasonjuelg5045]

I misread the title thought it was “Booze and Iron” when I clicked but it was still pretty good

[@mogo5055]

Sounds like Jared Diamond having a much better time.

[@DartTyler]

Booze and Iron: History of ancient Ireland

[@noiJadisCailleach]

2 countries in a healthy conversation: Britain: "Your name's a joke!" Greenland: "Yeah, well, your name's a mistake."

[@KannibalKanadian]

Yooo, the age of mythology music at the beginning when talking about Mesopotamia was a throwback and a half

[@drakarra]

Beautiful video, I've spent the last few hours listening to your A History of Britain series, and I love the methodical and patient way you navigate telling the history. I'm learning a lot, thank you so much for doing these! I would like to say, something that I've noticed in a few of your videos: You've mentioned a few times that people didn't live much longer than 30, and I would highly recommend looking deeper into that. Many scientists argue that just because the average lifespan is so low does not mean the average *adult* lived to only 30--that average is taking into account a high infant-and-child mortality rate, and does not necessarily speak to the health of the ancient world. Once a person survived adolescence, it seems likely they lived a rather complete life into senior years, assuming disease or injury didn't compromise their health otherwise. I'm not trying to nitpick, it's just something that I feel important to distinguish in understanding human history.

[@willowwobble]

Excellent, thank you!

[@babscabs1987]

50:05 that cow seems awfully pleased

[@ArtisanWindchimes]

Probably because the guy is plowing her from the back

[@augustr5831]

exceptional channel and superb channel

[@matthewjh138]

I can’t wait for the next video

[@Strutt111]

Thank you for the great video! Do you have other channels as it seems to professional to only have 4 videos!

[@greggeverman5578]

It does seem too profesh, but I think this is his first try! I know, right?

[@thomasord904]

Hello there, I thoroughly enjoyed your video. I'm a big fan of history and sciences so this was a treat to watch. I'm also a producer/sound designer. I notice a little touch of a natural reverb on your voice. May I ask where you do your vocal recording for your videos?

[@lisafox5535]

Another great video, thanks :)

[@bonbon-wl8eo]

Beautiful, balanced, informative documentaries... Makes me feel excited about my largely British ancestry rather than thinking of it as just sort of humdrum.

[@chompachangas]

I keep meaning to pick up Seahenge by Francis Pryor. Thanks for the reminder. It's on its way lol

[@adamclark1972uk]

Those stone-age Britons at 2:24 had some really cool kit.

[@lkgreenwell1]

At one time, my local library, in Newport, Shropshire, UK, was displaying a bronze axe, which had been ploughed up locally. Its design was a lot more sophisticated than most you will see in, for example, this video. It reminded me of nothing so much as an E-type Jaguar coupe, an XKE ragtop. I’ve been in love with the Bronze Age ever since! I’m always wondering about the Gae Bulg, of Cuchulainn, in the Cattle Raid of Cooley: could it have been made of *meteoric* iron? Would that have actually given much real advantage over a bronze weapon? I’ve heard it suggested that the advantage of iron was more it’s much wider availability. I’ve never seen any attempt to test the weapons against each other in (simulated) combat.

[@kraanz]

Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin. And tin is somewhat rare, it would require extensive trade networks to obtain it. Iron is more easily available, but it needs more advanced knowledge in smelting and smithing to successfully work it.

[@lkgreenwell1]

kraanz So the Bronze Age Collapse might have *necessitated* the adoption of iron. My father was a metallurgist, so I know it’s a very murky area! Early iron appears to have been extracted by *beating* it out of the ore - the ability to smelt it was quite a bit later

[@kraanz]

@@lkgreenwell1 Did you even watch the video? He explains those very exact things quite clearly.

[@lkgreenwell1]

kraanz Hadn’t watched it since first commenting - it’s a period which fascinates me. You’re right that the problems of early iron-workers are mentioned

[@bobbiusshadow6985]

Maybe a ceremonial axe for a chieftain

[@tommywyc]

Nice use of the Uruk horn!

[@tweezerjam]

Isn’t it odd how, even though people lived nearby for most of Stonehenge’s existence, the message was lost of who built it. It’s not like it’s in the middle of nowhere. 🤔

[@keenynman34]

What lol its the most popular megalithic structures of all time. Its used for astronomy.

[@tweezerjam]

Keen j / yes I know it’s a celestial calendar and we think there were large gatherings on the solstices but we’re not sure who built it and when. I guess I worded my comment awkwardly.

[@deborahoconnell339]

Not really surprising- as there wasn't any form of writing or record keeping. We can only hypothesize.

[@Andy_Babb]

I really hope this channel does a video on the early paleo Indian people of the Massachusetts through to the Wampanoag. Just found out that the site behind my home that was dug in the late 60’s dates back to at least the late archaic period, with another site just across the river dating back to 12,000 years ago! (The dig in my yard was called The Bear Swamp Site I & Site II, dug began in 1969. The original report is online and it’s fascinating for anyone who’s interested.

[@iainnicholson4399]

Nice one. Thanks

[@frankiefaithful]

9:30 The song playing is Fine Layers of Slayenflite - Age of Mythology

[@KannibalKanadian]

VRITOMOS

[@frankiefaithful]

@@KannibalKanadian VULOMEH

[@robertocorradi7571]

Excellent . . . Very good . Thank you .

[@richunter4545]

28:55 seconds is that Phil Harding from time team in the hat with the feather?

[@donnyboon2896]

No mention of "Time Team"? I've seen the fen causeway episode.

[@somebodyoncetoldme1704]

That Isengard horn at 3:09 sent me on a wild tangent to fins where it is from.

[@benji.B-side]

Excellent documentary.