Iron't you glad I made this video? Check out From Nothing's: kzbin.info/www/bejne/aaizapd7iJeXoa8 & Ollie Bye's: Not finished yet but I'll update this soon.
@jimmyshrimbe93614 жыл бұрын
Love it!!
@IFY0USEEKAY4 жыл бұрын
Yes!!! Some tin wrong though. Your puns are bad.. Iron mine worse than yours? Steel you try....
@DelijeSerbia4 жыл бұрын
As a Serbian I really wish we invest more in Vinca. There are so many discoveries that could be made there.
@aidanmagill67694 жыл бұрын
Boooooo
@ptonpc4 жыл бұрын
The Irn Bru and Daddie's sauce helped
@phoule764 жыл бұрын
When I get kicked out of the house and have to sleep in the car, I also pretend I just wanted to see the sunrise.
@rani.andretti4 жыл бұрын
:(
@SenorTucano4 жыл бұрын
Time to get a new girlfriend mate
@prettylights88734 жыл бұрын
@@amenrakwamehotepporchprima9307 oi bloke how many broads named "Peter" do ya know????
@TahtahmesDiary4 жыл бұрын
@@prettylights8873 Maybe they were talking about assuming what kind of love interests Peter has? 🤔
@prettylights88734 жыл бұрын
@@TahtahmesDiary nah, was definitely referring to the "mate" bit.
@joshuastarkloff96024 жыл бұрын
Africa of the antiquity is so interesting. Outside of Egypt, Carthage, and Nubia not much is really known for non history nerds
@TaariikhdaAfrika4 жыл бұрын
The city states in the Horn are pretty well known, no?
@OkurkaBinLadin4 жыл бұрын
@@TaariikhdaAfrika No.
@TaariikhdaAfrika4 жыл бұрын
@@OkurkaBinLadin I thought most people with even the slightest bit of interest in trade in antiquity would know of them. Not to even mention D'mt and the succeeding Aksumite Kingdom that was very much up and running in antiquity, I'd say they're pretty well known.
@ovoj4 жыл бұрын
@@TaariikhdaAfrika to you but most westerners bought the racist drivel of colonialism and savages and still believe it till now so the concept of advanced African civilisations other than Egypt is straight up heresy to them
@jonajo97573 жыл бұрын
Kinda irritates me when people think Egypt and Nubia as the only civilizations worth mentioning. When will they mention that fucking Mansa Musa, the richest man in history spent so much gold in Egypt that he fucking destroyed their economy for an entire decade!?
@SC-zq6cu4 жыл бұрын
The problem with iron artifacts is that it becomes very hard very quickly to get well preserved iron samples from older time periods. For example: Bronze artifacts from ~2000 BCE are sometimes better preserved than iron artifacts from ~1200 CE.
@lukasgaizauskas11274 жыл бұрын
Yes, but the slag from the production process would still be preserved
@SC-zq6cu4 жыл бұрын
@@lukasgaizauskas1127 Yes but slag won't tell you who used the iron or where it went.
@SC-zq6cu4 жыл бұрын
@Marty Magpie Not true if there is a lot of it.
@SC-zq6cu4 жыл бұрын
@@amenrakwamehotepporchprima9307 The kind of dryness needed to stop iron from rusting over thousands of years is pretty rare on earth and also not coincidentally occur in areas where very few people live if at all. iron rusts very easily.
@SC-zq6cu4 жыл бұрын
@@amenrakwamehotepporchprima9307 North Africa and the sahara region where people live aren't that dry. Look at the iron stuff used in those places. A lot of rusting still happens. Less than that of humid areas of course, but it isn't negligible and will eat up the iron over a thousand years. 6 iron artifacts that were found. Many could've been made, most lost. And besides those 6(or 2) were made in early days. Its not like nobody made anything from iron in later more recent times. As no. of iron artifacts increased those 6(2) would've become not so valuable. Of those 33% that are desert about a third is the cold desert of antarctica. The total desert surface area is about 18,911,884 sq. mi. The total area of antarctic desert is 5,405,000 sq. mi. A little less than 1/3 rd of the total desert surface.
@FromNothing4 жыл бұрын
Amazing content as usual man. Love it alot and perfect compliment to my mapping part of this collaboration.
@Zoltar694 жыл бұрын
Your videos sent me here! Thanks for all of your videos.
@FromNothing4 жыл бұрын
@@amenrakwamehotepporchprima9307 There's never a shortage of content to produce from African history.
No matter which side of the argument you are on, it's clear that there needs to be research and excavations in Africa. It's really cool to learn more about the iron age on the continent of Africa.
@warrenny Жыл бұрын
Like a lot of "arguments" these days, almost no one is on the "other" side. It's just the same boring cliches thrown about. Scientists of all branches of learning have been mining every corner of society and the planet looking for information and answers. No one serious is leaving out any particular group, race, culture, etc. in the pursuit of knowledge.
@Heavyisthecrown9 ай бұрын
@@warrennyexactly they aren’t being left out. Also if a bunch of people went there and started digging and Hod forbid they were white?!? 😂 they’d be racist. Also everyone’s all about the western world leaving everyone alone. So they can do it themselves. Why doesn’t Africa discover its own history if it wants to? I doubt they need or want any help. Any help will be highly scrutinized and I doubt anyone wants to open that can of worms in todays world
@Garmin211114 ай бұрын
@@warrenny It's not that the scientists want to leave out Africa it's that large parts of Africa are inaccessible without adequate roads, and in the case of the Central African Republic, dangerous. Also, communication is way more limited, while someone stumbling across the remains of an ancient village would likely be reported on by that person in Europe, a similar situation in Africa may simply never reach the rest of the world simply due to lack of communication, especially in the central African Republic.
@warrenny4 ай бұрын
@@Garmin21111 actually my assertion is that people have these cliched ideas that scientists are biased against Africa. When in actuality, scientists are very interested in Africa. So I agree with you that any work not being done anywhere in the world is usually due to lack of accessibility to the regions whether it be political or logistical.
@lucilianogueira30724 ай бұрын
You think they were in the Iron Age, then they what,,, never kept it up? Inventions run in a linear fashion. Why would we look for something when the people are still there and weren’t making anything
@MrrMatts4 жыл бұрын
What a man smashing out all these interesting videos! I've been struggling with sleep recently, and I say this in the nicest possible sense, your videos are fantastic to have on if I can't get to sleep. They are wonderfully calming and if I still can't sleep, at least I'm learning about some fascinating topics. Thank you for your hard work and big love to you Stefan!
@istvansipos99404 жыл бұрын
if you speak at least 1 foreign language, try counting. 1 in your first language, then 2 in a foreign one and so on. I had to use this method twice (yeah, I sleep well in general), and I don't remember reaching 40 (Hungarian, English, German)
@PeachysMom3 жыл бұрын
@@istvansipos9940 I do it with the alphabet backwards and forwards in all the languages I know
@edwardgreen46844 жыл бұрын
I just couldn't grasp this radio carbon dating time gap issue until I saw that metal horses head with a fairly light tiarra and it all just magically fell into place
@jackdelvo27024 жыл бұрын
Pottery was the first manmade material. To make pottery you need high heat, a kiln. Mess around with high heat for long enough you notice its effects on various other raw materials besides clay. So where ever pottery is produced given enough time and curiosity metallurgy follows.
@mpetersen64 жыл бұрын
Then basically metallurgy could have begun with the Jomon. Personally I think one of the first copper ages could well have been in the Lake Superior region due to the generous amounts of nearly pure float copper.
@charlesaanonson39544 жыл бұрын
The same thing could be said about gold. Smelting gold takes some pretty high temperatures as well. Iron spear and axe points were very valuable and useful. Anybody that knew how to make them could get rich very fast. The message would spread widely and quickly.
@mpetersen63 жыл бұрын
@@Eidolon1andOnly If they have glaze on the pottery they've got kilns. One thing I think societies need to make the jump to metals is a readily accessible and workable source of metal. And that really only works with things like float copper and iron nickel meteors without smelting.
@raylast38736 ай бұрын
That makes a lot of sense
@ArmchairDeity3 ай бұрын
I love that theory… it gives you a really good picture of a guy who got his kiln too hot one day and found all these weird shiny inclusions in his pottery where copper melted out of copper ore embedded in the clay. Now they try to reproduce it… no good. Get more clay from that one spot where they first time came from and then it works… but only on windy days… they just keep experimenting and refining until they discover how to reproduce it consistently. THEN they discover they can work the metal. I really love the way your theory plays in my mind… it means that there’s a continuous line from the first potter to the last iron-age metalworker!
@EmperorTigerstar4 жыл бұрын
1:43 That’s fine. Emperors beat kings.
@StefanMilo4 жыл бұрын
I wouldn't ever insult you by calling you a king.
@zachfreeman25024 жыл бұрын
How are you everywhere?
@zachfreeman25024 жыл бұрын
@Franky Padilla Emperor Tigerstar, he seems to comment in like half the videos I watch.
@trollerjakthetrollinggod-e77614 жыл бұрын
@@zachfreeman2502 He's the Emperor. Can't escape his rule.
@merrymerryjerry67364 жыл бұрын
@Franky Padilla Nah, rock flies right through paper!
@ivanclark22754 жыл бұрын
You may not like it, but this is what peak archeology looks like
@marcv26484 жыл бұрын
So you're saying there's nowhere to go, but down from here. Is that good or bad?
@romariocoffie47024 жыл бұрын
@@marcv2648 How is he saying theres no way to go but down?
@marcv26484 жыл бұрын
@@romariocoffie4702 Because he said peak. There is nowhere higher than peak. It's only downhill after that.
@prettylights88734 жыл бұрын
@@marcv2648 more history channel episodes
@PrimaMapleSyrup3 жыл бұрын
Peak UNESCO sponsored political "archeology" that was looking for a set answer before they awarded their study. What a fucking joke.
@kraekennedy4 жыл бұрын
As usual Stefan, I thoroughly enjoyed this video. I have been watching your videos for quite some time now and wanted to take the time to thank you for all your time and effort involved in sharing such interesting information with the world. I am fairly new to KZbin and you were one of the first channels that I subscribed to. I can't thank you enough, for reawakening my insatiable thirst for all scientific knowledge! 👍
@StefanMilo4 жыл бұрын
Thanks that's very kind. I try my best
@kraekennedy4 жыл бұрын
@@StefanMilo 👌
@akhilsasikumar7961 Жыл бұрын
Hi, I too love learning about hominins of the past. I am interested in neuroscience and artificial intelligence. If you wish, I would like to connect with you
@YaBoiDREX4 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this video! African archeology is criminally ignored.
@visaodissidente55602 жыл бұрын
Bullshit. Many highly sophisticated European cultures are also neglected, such as the Danubian Civilization.
@YaBoiDREX2 жыл бұрын
@@visaodissidente5560 Okay? Didn’t say they weren’t.
@MrJovon3212 жыл бұрын
@@YaBoiDREX The weird paranoid reflex some folks have when it comes to anything concerning Africa or 'duh blacks'
@grahamcole52032 жыл бұрын
I think Egypt and Sudan are in Africa
@curiousman36552 жыл бұрын
@@visaodissidente5560 bro calm down 😭😭
@misanthropicservitorofmars21163 жыл бұрын
“I know this is an archeology channel but the memes should be fresh” That’s a man I can get behind.
@judeangione37324 жыл бұрын
Thanks for explaining the basics so clearly. Also, your video makes me realize how much I really know about African history. Thanks for the links.
@BingShing4 жыл бұрын
Since I am too poor to send money I’m definitely going to share and like this video it’s absolutely awesome! Thank you for everything you do!
@A3Kr0n4 жыл бұрын
It's not the age of the wood that matters but how you wiggle your stick.
@gloriascientiae74354 жыл бұрын
this knowledge can cause quite a situation in the carbon dating department
@curtisthomas26703 жыл бұрын
"the older the wood the etter the heat"
@coffeeabernethy28234 жыл бұрын
In science, if you've had an idea, most likely someone else has as well. So it's entirely possible, maybe even likely, that just like calculus, iron working was invented more than once, in more than one place.
@askforcorn4 жыл бұрын
Convergent innovation!
@cadian101st4 жыл бұрын
It almost certainly was. Writing was developed independently multiple times, as was agriculture, among many different innovations.
@coffeeabernethy28234 жыл бұрын
Convergent...
@askforcorn4 жыл бұрын
@@coffeeabernethy2823 absolutely
@kim15704 жыл бұрын
Correct, just like the morphic field. There's a field of knowledge that organisms of the same species can tap into and sort of download information from, independently at different geographical locations.
@TommoCarroll4 жыл бұрын
The use of Irn Bru constantly throughout this video made me more happy than it should. This was so interesting, I love when topics challenge preconceived ideas/stuff we just assume is fact!
@rooknado10 ай бұрын
Irn Bru?
@alanhyt796 ай бұрын
@@rooknado A soft drink from Scotland. It's sickly sweet, but otherwise tastes fine.
@Pauuanthakali4 жыл бұрын
Saw a video of traditional African iron smelters making a mud furnace, collecting red soil (iron ore) and gathering village strong men to pump the bellows for days to get iron bloom for their farming tools.. thought perhaps early metal producing cultures just used ore of what was readily available.. copper producers had copper ore.. iron producers had iron ore..
@Pauuanthakali4 жыл бұрын
kzbin.info/www/bejne/iKamn415obyqprM
@wizard6804 жыл бұрын
13:05 Its 2020, the pandemic has hit so hard that our favorite youtube is forced to use a plastic spoon as a mic.
@debralucas22244 жыл бұрын
"Captains Log."
@Cheeseatingjunglista4 жыл бұрын
What? He's got a "new" mic spoon? What happened to the old tiny white plastic spoon? What sort of cruel swine breaks the Sacred SpoonoMic baton/mace/fasci, an object crucial to our as yet un-named cult of Milo Info Cargo. This has to stop
@benr.42384 жыл бұрын
Na, that's just standard Stefan Milo. 2020 Milo now eats bacon sandwiches in the rain at a park.
@oz13524 жыл бұрын
Great stuff man, you never fail to make good content!
@jacksonneptune40834 жыл бұрын
It's remarkable that you managed to bring this type of dense and esoteric debate to an popular platform like KZbin. Keep it up!
@jacksonneptune40834 жыл бұрын
6:14, the old wood problem is something unique to North American contexts and does not apply to iron furnace technology. For iron making, only specific species of wood with certain properties appropriate to making charcoal are carefully selected to use in furnaces.
@TheHistocrat4 жыл бұрын
This had to come out right when I don't have time to watch it didn't it
@AyubuKK4 жыл бұрын
HONESTLY
@levitatingoctahedron9224 жыл бұрын
that's fine, it's absurd revisionism.
@miyojewoltsnasonth21594 жыл бұрын
@@levitatingoctahedron922 What specifically is revisionist?
@averongodoffire80984 жыл бұрын
@@levitatingoctahedron922 What’s revisionist about it?
@levitatingoctahedron9224 жыл бұрын
@@averongodoffire8098 I already shared the relevant historiography the first time it was asked but my comment was censored. If you want unbiased historical information this is not the channel.
@ttld6783 жыл бұрын
Truly a golden nugget on KZbin right here. Keep up the good work lad and never lose sight on what makes you whole and only work on what’s makes you happy.
@Cobbido9 ай бұрын
Got proof?
@Campbellteaching4 жыл бұрын
I love this kind of stuff
@justtalking4279 Жыл бұрын
There is a good read published by George Celis 1991 on the last bloomeries in Africa. The technology presented there is so strikingly different from what we know today from the early iron workings in Mesopotamia, that it truly looks like being a native invention especially in western Africa.
@Non_auro_sed_ferro_recuperanda6 ай бұрын
It definitely is a native invention. Currently reading _Ancient Africa Metallurgy: The Socio-Cultural Context_ to really get a good grasp on the history, dating, methods, dates, etc. of how Africa’s Iron Age started, but the book also discusses much about Copper which is an abundant resource Kansanshi, Akjoujt, Nouakchott, Khatt Lemaiteg, and the Tigidit cliff, Eghazer basin & Azawagh valley surrounded by the Aïr mountains... Copper is extremely abundant in Africa, and much of it has been found at ancient grave sites like Anyokan, Asaquru, Wasadan, Tuluk, Ingombe Ilede, etc. The book is now a personal favorite of mine...
@jeh51764 жыл бұрын
I don't know what if they had the first iron age but they certainly have the oldest mine which is the Ngwenya mine on Bomvu Ridge. It goes back to 40,000 years.
@jagmannenarbrand83733 жыл бұрын
idk, the oldest use of iron is there. But it was just used for art not tools or weapons. I believe they traded iron mask to other places. edit: oldest use of iron that we know of as of late. we could find older iron stuff in another place
@douglasphillips58703 жыл бұрын
Poetry is a reasonable precursor to iron. Potters could have accidentally smelted crude iron in kilns then developed the technology to work it.
@josephdavis17042 жыл бұрын
Poetry, my favorite precursor to iron.
@lostpony48852 жыл бұрын
Yet irony is wasted sans pottery
@suzbone Жыл бұрын
By the end of your first sentence, I was super excited to read whatever poetry you were gonna come up with, Douglas lololol 😅😂
@bartolomeothesatyr Жыл бұрын
Poetry stirs the heart, inflamed passions lead to conflict, conflict drives ironworking for weapons of war. Makes total sense, even if it was an autocorrect typo.
@tinkerstrade3553 Жыл бұрын
I confess, I've left my own autocorrect misplaced words in a post. Sometimes the change would give it a flavor that tickled my fancy. "There's many a truth in misspelled words." - S. Freud, (Or he should have said that!)
@kiritugeorge46843 жыл бұрын
When it comes to Africa, the outside world always comes at it with the highest levels of doubt, skepticism and underestimation, even when Africa produces good evidence on par with other regions of the world.
@ohlangeni3 жыл бұрын
Absolutely. Invention of Writing (the writing system in use in the world today) is placed doubt in favour of borrowing from Sumer far away when the Sumerian cuneiform is different from the sound-system invented in Sudan (Ta Seti), the Hieroglyaphics used in Kush and Egypt. The African writing system (often called Egyptian by Europeans) commenced in the same millenia 3,320BC as the Sumerian cuneiform.
@Grimloxz3 жыл бұрын
Absolutely sir. In almost every area of significance this attitude is always present…
@JonathanMartin8843 жыл бұрын
I actually use West African iron technology to make this exact point in my world history class.
@TristanCleveland3 жыл бұрын
Yep.
@rosalynbeatty83102 жыл бұрын
@@ohlangeni KZbin-- Ancient African Writing Scripts or Systems. West Africans had this invention.
@gregrefon4 жыл бұрын
You're the man, brate! Thank you for the content. Brilliant as always.
@3nthamornin Жыл бұрын
you are one of my absolute favorite channels. youve taught me so much about my favorite topic. thank you
@zevalica53184 жыл бұрын
If you have time, you can find that in Serbia they found iron needle, discovered on the site in 2002, is considered to be one of the oldest surviving metallic objects on the planet. It was made from the stainless iron, without any hollows. It is 64.5 cm (25.4 in) long and dated to the 14th century BC (c.1300 BC). It considered a technological wonder even by modern standards as iron of such purity hardly can be produced even today. It is 98,86% pure iron and apparently can't rust.
@krishna-e-bera4 жыл бұрын
Spoon-mic appears at 12:15 Thanks for a solid and entertaining intro to the topic!
@superlitin14 жыл бұрын
Having an exam in archaeometallurgy in two days, perfect timing for this video :-)
@lolazal14 жыл бұрын
I hope you didn't rely on this, and actually read some BOOKS?!
@superlitin14 жыл бұрын
@@lolazal1 Lol of course, just complimentary to what I was studying :P
@jasontwynn73563 жыл бұрын
Awesome video as always. I've seen all your videos a few times. I've had a head injury and can't remember what I've watched,so no one in my house will watch anything with me anymore. So I watch stuff over and over like it's the first time I've seen it. Keep up the good work
@PanglossDr3 жыл бұрын
That was really interesting. I have long had a feeling that many technologies developed independently at different times and places. A perfect example is the antikythera mechanism. This required a very high level of knowledge of maths, astronomy and mechanics plus the skills in metalwork to produce it. All of that was lost and had to be re-invented centuries later.
@brycetsawyer3 жыл бұрын
I love the plastic spoon mic! Great informative vid! 😘😘
@kevinwise9124 жыл бұрын
Good morning anthropology peeps, gotta love waking up to my boy Milo
@emmasimon4005 Жыл бұрын
Ha, I was writing a comment about how ceramic production is hypothesized to have lead to the discovery of metal working, then got to the section where you talk about it. Great video!
@0li_vi_er Жыл бұрын
Good video. But I noticed one very important mistake: 2:43 "Scottish soft drinks are made from iron". They're actually made from the two main things you find in Scotland. Shortbread and heroin.
@richarddelotto23754 жыл бұрын
... I messed around with "ornamental metals" for a while, made "knife-like objects" as well. One thing I noticed about the serious, skilled practitioners is that they were ALWAYS experimenting with materials and techniques. I have no problem conceptually with "smith-shamans/wizards/mages" discovering and spreading their art through apprenticeships and the like. (Drawing the "sword from the stone" may be an elaborate metaphor for smithcraft...)
@danechristmas65704 жыл бұрын
Saw thew original documentary about two years ago, and they actually did the smelting in a clay kiln...( Of course they did a lot of ancestral worship and before the actual smelting ) But when I saw that hot, molten iron flowing out of that clay kiln, I was flabbergasted!
@gequitz4 жыл бұрын
Another banger! Hope we can get something on West African Hominins one day
@rondias66254 жыл бұрын
Once again outstanding thoroughly done research.. unbiased and thought provoking keeping an open mind..keep on keeping on sir..thank you for sharing intersting info..have a better one
@asabattista Жыл бұрын
There is a very interesting book called “the lightning bird“. Among many other things it elaborates on the use of iron ochre ( the blood of the earth)as body paint in south Africa, with evidence of it’s mining up to (if I’m remembering g correctly) 20,000 years ago. It seems that this would have put them in a perfect position to transition to an iron age
@fridaymanly4 жыл бұрын
Thank you, may Oggun (the deity of Iron) of Western Africa protect you 💚
@jobwesleycoxjr51034 жыл бұрын
It sounds like a random word in Yoruba rather than some other West African language
@Om-bo2oe3 жыл бұрын
@@jobwesleycoxjr5103 it does, it is.
@makeytgreatagain62563 жыл бұрын
@@jobwesleycoxjr5103 it is a Yoruba god (Nigeria) the idiot that made the comment knows nothing of africa except it’s a “west African god@
@judygreenwood46966 ай бұрын
Barsuayo Ogum’
@chrisnaden359019 күн бұрын
@@jobwesleycoxjr5103 Ogum / Ogun is indeed the Yoruba name for this orisa. My memory was that he was a god of *smiths*, rather than iron, and other "strong" trades; Ogunlaja family tell me that he is also patron of guards & night watchmen. Larry Ogunjobi plays tight end in the NFL. The main association is with iron-as-in-strength & endurance or fortitude. However, I'm from Ghana - so I could be wrong 😏
@conlinbryant50374 жыл бұрын
Very convenient! I was just looking into this! I know my ancestors were already working copper for a while before developing iron working as soon as shipwrecks from Asia started landing on the coast of British Columbia in the 1800's. A very cool Tlingit short sword from Alaska is made from meteoric iron.
@Zane-It2 жыл бұрын
Are you haida?
@dogons2k122 жыл бұрын
> - Pringle, Heather. "Seeking Africa's First Iron Men" (PDF). Science. p. 2. - Holl, Augustin F. C. (June 2020). "The Origins of African Metallurgies". Oxford Research Encyclopedias. 22 (4): 415-438. *Below are lectures (which can be found on youtube) by Professor Chris Ehret (University of California)* Ancient Africa in world history: Innovation, Invention, and Impact Lecture by Chris Ehret (University of California) Africanity of Ancient Egypt Lecture by Chris Ehret (University of California)
@Griot-Guild7 ай бұрын
Thank you!
@stevenvandevort7813 жыл бұрын
I enjoy your style, thanks man.
@IvorMektin17014 жыл бұрын
There's a great video on West African iron smelting using the old methods. The whole village participates.
@rodpaget97964 жыл бұрын
When I was in africa ivory coast...the villages made their own iron in a clay tower about 8 ft tall. Seemed one could make iron by mistake with the method of a clay oven. Just put a iron oxide lump in or the iron rich soil and hot fire and I bet Iron was around a lot longer than thought,
@IvorMektin17014 жыл бұрын
@@rodpaget9796 I'm sure it was accidentally discovered several times, but I'm baffled who figured out to keep reheating and hammering the bloom after they got their pool of copper. That's a metric butt ton of hard work. My dad was a metallurgical engineer and he had a copy of Herbert Hoover's translation of De Re Metallica by Agricola. It was published in 1556. It might have some ideas...
@MrBottlecapBill4 жыл бұрын
@@IvorMektin1701 Everything ancient peoples did was hard work. Hard work was never a barrier for them.
@IvorMektin17014 жыл бұрын
@@MrBottlecapBill Hard work without an apparent benefit.
@tisFrancesfault4 жыл бұрын
@@IvorMektin1701 I think we sometimes over think the developments at times. it would not surprise me that the smith was bored and just hammered the bloom while hot because lets face it, you would too, and noticed a interesting change. Maybe one guy, maybe generations of dicking about with bloom led to the discovery of iron.
@lucasgillis4 жыл бұрын
You're making great videos, with good work on the sources. Your humility always serves your point, it's great to follow your channel and i am glad to have discovered it [recently (nonetheless, i've already watched tons of it)]
@computerager4 жыл бұрын
Some Europeans assumed Africans couldn't have invented iron-smelting. Would it be 'ironic' if we eventually discover that Africa invented it first? Perhaps this isn't a 'ferric' good joke.
@akata76444 жыл бұрын
My God, That should get you banned from this channel
@sedwillful3 жыл бұрын
@@akata7644 hater
@robertbrownm4 жыл бұрын
I thought this was a spoon mic channel. Now I know about ancient Iron working. Miss you buddy!
@TakeTheRedPill_Now Жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@admiralsquatbar1274 жыл бұрын
A new Stefan Milo video? You had better steel yourself, The dad jokes are going to come thick and fast. Iron see my myself out.
@craigds37454 жыл бұрын
Oh, the irony!
@petewhiting9123 жыл бұрын
Fantastic channel. I've spent an entire day watching your amazing content. Something to keep me company during lockdown.
@redwallzyl4 жыл бұрын
Good job!
@StefanMilo4 жыл бұрын
Thanks red!
@prophetofbara12144 жыл бұрын
Very Great Video Milo! Looking forward to watching the rest of you're catalog. 💖
@edgeeffect3 жыл бұрын
I've been an AMATEUR metallurgist for years... and watching this video, the penny FINALLY dropped as to why cast iron is so brittle and wrought iron is a totally different thing to that. Yes I must be a bit of a dullard... but still... thanks for the simple explanation that even I can grasp. ;)
@giorgiaolivotto84424 жыл бұрын
This channel is so ridiculously good
@adrianfortmoviereviewsbook98214 жыл бұрын
I need your stale memes. I have a stale sense of humor.
@pendox994 жыл бұрын
What a wonderful Video.....Thanks Stephan!
@glachil71664 жыл бұрын
When we gonna upgrade to netherite?
@jaspertenberge17304 жыл бұрын
IT DOES MOT EXIST IN REAL LIFE, NEVER!!!!
@glachil71664 жыл бұрын
@@jaspertenberge1730 If Lapis Lazuli is real than anything can be real bro. Lapis literally enchants things and yet it exists irl how come?
@bgw33 Жыл бұрын
Always pleased to have an unlatched Stefan Milo video appear in my feed. Thanks for well researched presentations
@bgw33 Жыл бұрын
Unwatched not unlatched
@craiggersify4 жыл бұрын
I think your focus on archaeology entitles you to excavate old memes
@AntheaCarson3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for doing these
@hillockfarm84044 жыл бұрын
What about the iron being used as practice material for students since it was first considered worthless? Would make good use of mistakes when fire got to hot.
@1_Fish.2_Fish.Red_Fish. Жыл бұрын
Found ur channel recently and have on a tear catching up. Well done sir.
@rigs98013 жыл бұрын
One thing that might mitigate the "old wood" problem for the central african finds is examining charcoal burning methods in that region in the present. Charcoal burning is likely one of humanities most ancient industries, and the methods do not change much with the passage of time. Growing up in West Africa, I often saw charcoal burners as a kid, and was shocked to find that the methods used in places in Eastern Europe are incredibly similar. It would stand to reason that methods in heavily forested areas in particular, such as central africa, would hardly change at all over centuries or even millenia. If charcoal burners prefer certain trees, it could give some clues to exactly how old wood used for charcoal could be.
@ikengaspirit3063 Жыл бұрын
Yeah, the fact that people citing old wood problem don't do more research to confirm shows they are more concerned about proving the consensus than getting to facts.
@iang16503 жыл бұрын
Beautiful, I love your videos Stefan
@rodpaget97964 жыл бұрын
When I was in africa ivory coast...the villages made their own iron in a clay tower about 8 ft tall. Seemed one could make iron by mistake with the method of a clay oven. Just put a iron oxide lump in or the iron rich soil lump or two, charcoal, and hot fire and I bet Iron was around a lot longer than thought,
@Mr.Universe4 жыл бұрын
@Shane Ashby Not at all the smelting techniques in many of African societies that produced Iron tools/weapons were very advanced were not surpassed until European industrial revolution.
@Mr.Universe4 жыл бұрын
@Shane Ashby yes that is the case my historically inept friend..there are even some African cultures that produced steel thousands of years before steel was a thing but that's a subject still being studied...imagine being so bias in 2020 my god....
@almishti4 жыл бұрын
Iron is in fact very difficult to process, no one 'makes it by mistake' in a clay oven, to think someone could betrays a complete lack of knowledge of metallurgy. There's a reason the Bronze Age happened centuries earlier than the Iron Age in the Mediterranean; and on Cyprus, the main source of Mediterranean copper for centuries, iron ores occur naturally mixed right in with the copper ores, yet for centuries the Cypriots just discarded the iron slag and never bothered developing the process for refining it, in part b/c it's so much more complicated than that for copper.
@rodpaget97964 жыл бұрын
@@almishti Look up Bog Iron and get back to me....I saw what the africans did first hand in an area of dirt that was almost iron ore.....I am not talking about damascus steel either....
@rodpaget97964 жыл бұрын
kzbin.info/www/bejne/pJLadJRjacmKnbs
@randallparker5252 жыл бұрын
I just turned 71 it’s late at night mid June and I can’t stop watching your videos your voice your intelligence and you’re willing to say I don’t know but this is my evidence is quite profound keep on Truckin
@eldjibheryr35464 жыл бұрын
i'd like to take this opportunity to admire your choice of single malt whisky.
@alsaunders78054 жыл бұрын
Agree! 🤓🥃🍺
@darylbuttery15132 жыл бұрын
Luv ya work. Welcome back, I’ve missed your investigations
@andrejmucic50034 жыл бұрын
Thank you for saying "I don't know." Rare to hear.
@thomaswatson48434 жыл бұрын
I'm so happy when you post man. I love your vids. I also love that every history channel I follow comment on your stuff it's so wholesome
@bumpty983011 ай бұрын
The _reason that Africa has less_ archeological excavations is worth mentioning, think. Archeology is a luxury. _Largely due to European colonialism_ ongoing to this day, there is an enormous amount of avoidable human suffering. It would immoral to direct labor efforts to luxuries like archeology while people are starving. We can expect archeology to become a higher priority for Africans when their natural resources are spent improving their own lives instead of increasing the wealth of neo-colonial owners.
@EVtripper Жыл бұрын
I love the plastic spoon mic. I'm going to use that hack. I love your videos. Thank you for the great info and content.
@DCMarvelMultiverse4 жыл бұрын
I hope the look of the geography has been taken into account here. A slightly different geography, weather patterns, and any additional research into cultural evolution and genetics of surrounding areas could prove to be essential in figuring this out. Where people lived, how they lived at differents times, what the waterways and land looked like back when in relation to trade, etc.
@therob43714 жыл бұрын
Thank you Stefan. Every video you make adds to my world.
@eliscanfield39134 жыл бұрын
I wouldn't be surprised at all if iron had multiple starting points. Damn near everything else did, after all. It's got more than a whiff of the lone genius trope to say otherwise. Have archeology types done as much digging around in West Africa as they have in Egypt and the Mesopatamia area?
@petergriffin37234 жыл бұрын
@De Alvarado I highly doubt they introduced iron in Africa.
@petergriffin37234 жыл бұрын
@Mr. A. Knight The chariot was primarily used in North Africa or the Sahel Region, not in Sub-Saharan Africa. There is no evidence to support the introduction of ironsmithing or any practice by Eurasians, specifically Carthaginians, he even said it in the video. There have been iron smelting sites throughout Africa dating back as far as 2000 BC, which indicate this method was local or spread by groups such as the Bantu. There was little interaction in terms of travel between Sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world until 600 AD, which began the Trans-Saharan Trade. This issue is also why Great Zimbabwe (despite not being the only stone city in Central Africa) is thought to have been built by Arabs without any evidence backing it up.
@skellagyook4 жыл бұрын
@@petergriffin3723 Agree. Except Great Zimbabwe is not thought to have been built by Arabs anymore - it's an old outdated theory - (some thought that in the colonial era, but the evidence has for a while shown the culture and city to have been indigenous).
@petergriffin37234 жыл бұрын
@@skellagyook Agree, but many Eurocentrists or bigoted people use this outdated theory to further their racial agenda. It's truly sad indeed.
@petergriffin37234 жыл бұрын
@Mr. A. Knight I don't understand what you're trying to say? Yes, the Roman Empire had contact with West Africa around 100 BC as you said, but that was a thousand years after West Africa began practicing iron-smelting and there is no record of them having introducing metallurgy in that region. Also even if the Carthaginians had contact with West Africa, which they did, there is no evidence that supports the claim that Carthaginians brought the knowledge of metallurgy to West Africa or other regions. The Carthaginians began around 800 BC, and began smelting iron around 500 BC, meanwhile the Nok Culture was practicing iron-smelting since 500 BC or earlier, with older sites such as Obui in Central Africa dating back to 2000 BC. Not saying that you're completely wrong, but there's just not enough evidence to support outside influence, it can only be logical the indigenous people have innovated iron due to the lack of other metals in their respected regions, or could have been introduced by other Sub-Saharan African groups that independently practiced iron-smelting.
@MrTapierwithmustache4 жыл бұрын
Without even looking at the video I instantly recognized the Two cimbals on a cliff vid. That stuffs gold!
@thelivetoad4 жыл бұрын
i love that there is such a debate. hopefully it will refocus attention on an overlooked but fascinating swathe of cultures and their histories
@thelivetoad4 жыл бұрын
@@paulrevere365 Ummm...no, that's exactly the word that is least appropriate
@thelivetoad4 жыл бұрын
@@paulrevere365 I see: your def is boring = primitive. Very primitive perspective.
@akata76444 жыл бұрын
@@paulrevere365 Developing carbon steel before anyone else is primitive?, construction the largest adobe earthen structure that trumps Arabia is primitive?, monopolizing all trans-saharan trade for 200 years is primitive? Making two voyages to the Americas is primitive? We are analyzing history, not being "woke". Take your shitty politics out of here
@thelivetoad4 жыл бұрын
@@paulrevere365 Well my point was not about them but about you. I could ask you to prove your point but clearly you are incapable of reading. Well enjoy your bigotry. Enjoyed the mud wresting but I have more interesting things to do -- ie, almost anything else which doesn't involve you.
@beninwarrior45794 жыл бұрын
@@paulrevere365 If they used iron, then how were they stuck in the stone age?
@qwertyuiop1st4 жыл бұрын
Thank you. As someone else said, a wonderful surprise to wake up to. If I had known there was a new Stefan Milo video I would have gotten up earlier!
@sirrathersplendid48254 жыл бұрын
Meroe is usually pronounced “Me-ro-way”.
@aidanmagill67694 жыл бұрын
Wow this was interesting but I did spot one majorly (and one minor) egregious fault: that bacon sandwich seemed to be soggy with rain😮, how dare you sir! The incorrect brand of Brown Sauce can be overlooked because at least it's still the appropriate condiment.
@stusacks22204 жыл бұрын
I recently and accidentally fell on your videos Stefan and find you very interesting and fascinating. I look forward to watching all past work. Excellent stuff. Thank you!
@ninomiskulin92864 жыл бұрын
I heard an interesting question and I would like to hear opinions on this. You know how 200,000 years ago when Homo Sapiens emerged in Africa, there were other hominids in the world such as Naledi, Erectus, Denisovans... Is it possible that one day a new Homo species will emerge and live on Earth with Homo Sapiens? The same way Homo Sapiens lived among those others?
@StefanMilo4 жыл бұрын
We're going to continue evolving of course. I don't think we will split into different species again though because that would require isolation and we're more interconnected than ever. Unless civilization collapses and never comes back we won't split. Who knows what will happen though. We could be hit by an asteroid tomorrow.
@kesorangutan61703 жыл бұрын
Yeah! Gene modification babyyyyyy. CRISPR for life! If we really want, we can modify ourselves and create homo sapiens subspecies that are better suited for the environment they are living. This ain't sci-fi! We can start it today! I'm talking about taking genes of Sherpas with amazing lung capacity, I'm talking about that Italian village that has mutation which makes them immune to heart attacks(these villagers live to 100 years). I'm talking about taking genes of smartest people alive. Transhuman modifications like underwater breathing and wings are so fking cool! I want my gills dammit! I want to be a Homo Atlanteanus! Although this kind of gene editing will open a can of worms. It's like eugenics so majority of people are against it. For instance, we want to eradicate genetic diseases by gene editing, when will we stop? Some people with "diseases" are very okay with their condition and they can participate in society. I mean we can eradicate people with dwarfism and down syndrome but who are we to decide what kind of people deserve life?
@17losttrout2 жыл бұрын
@@StefanMilo Self segregation and personal selection amongst groups might do it... Gene manipulation is another angle... Here's me thinking of Iain M Banks Culture novels.
@Tomartyr2 жыл бұрын
Yes, but not on Earth. People who go to Mars will need to either return to Earth frequently, stay there forever, or perhaps undergo weeks or months of training in a centrifuge. In low gravity your bone mass reduces, eventually returning to Earth would be fatal. So assuming there is a permanent settlement on Mars those settlers would naturally become very isolated from the rest of the species because they would only be able to breed with people who came to Mars or a Mars-gravity spacestation. Note: I'm not saying the low gravity would affect their DNA, and be passed on to their kids, and that it would directly cause speciation; although the low gravity would probably affect the growth of their kids quite a lot.
@cameronanderson87374 жыл бұрын
Usually put your vids on when I hop in bed, plan backfired and I just knocked out due to your soothing voice, god dam you Stefan. But seriously good work on the video, been watching your channel for a while and I’m grateful you tried this out. You’re a talent.
@MrBottlecapBill4 жыл бұрын
It's pretty clear that Tut had an iron blade in his tomb. Which means........they at least had a working knowledge of how to work metals(iron) in the 1324 BCish era. Just because it was from a meteor doesn't mean they didn't need to know how to craft it. Meteors rarely fall in the shape of a knife blade. Or at least a few people of the time knew. I have to assume these people knew what meteors looked like before that and would have kept their eyes open for them as valuable resources(maybe for centuries). If this is the case, it's only a matter of time until they found a source of natural iron. The rust colour is a dead give away. From there the whole iron working age starts. Easy peasy, sort of. I suspect if you look at the oldest iron working sites you'll also find the easiest to access sources of ore. Something visible to the eye as iron and chunky. Maybe a huge ancient impact crater? I know in my area I've often picked up rocks thinking they were meteors only to find out they were large chunks of natural iron. I suspect easy to access sources of iron were more abundant and easier to salvage than sources of copper so I see no reason one would need a working knowledge of copper smelting first although it would have helped......pottery is a lot older than metal working and firing pottery is nearly the same process. We also have to understand iron artifacts rust away much quicker than copper. It's possible they were using it far longer than anyone has imagined, but the evidence is just gone.
@frankscott17084 жыл бұрын
Excellent deductions.
@neutralfellow97364 жыл бұрын
As you said, King Tuts dagger is a meteorite, which they cold worked. It was not made by smithing.
@lindenshepherd60853 жыл бұрын
I don’t think you can cold-work iron, though?
@neutralfellow97363 жыл бұрын
@@lindenshepherd6085 Sure you can, just hammer it.
@lindenshepherd60853 жыл бұрын
@@neutralfellow9736 I've worked in a forge for a while, and I was always warned against cold-working iron because it expends far more energy than its worth if you can heat it up in any way, and depending on the carbon content it could just break. Brittle iron doesn't take well to hammering.
@occamraiser Жыл бұрын
Firstly, Thanks a million for your excellent videos Stefan! Re your 13:00 question why wasn't iron working happening IN the Sahara? A question that sprang to my mind is - 'what fuel is available in the Sahara that can provide enough heat for long enough periods? Coal or Charcoal? Neither of which are exactly in abundant supply within the Sahara, but plentiful supply north and south of the Sahara.
@HistoryTime4 жыл бұрын
How are you keeping your sarnie out of the rain at 6:00? Witchcraft!
@StefanMilo4 жыл бұрын
It's the power of daddies
@jessd79474 жыл бұрын
u my good man deserve a subscribe. keep up the good work!
@PalimpsestProd4 жыл бұрын
13:49 good lord that's a scary looking tsunami remnant.
@AndreLuis-gw5ox4 жыл бұрын
Great video! This is the first one I watch, and its not only a very interesting topic, but you present it in a very nice and scientifical way. Just a note, am I the only one who thought the audio was too low and sometimes hard to understand what was being said?
@StefanMilo4 жыл бұрын
I did fuck up the audio on this one, my apologies
@AndreLuis-gw5ox4 жыл бұрын
@@StefanMilo no problem! Loving your channel!
@norml.hugh-mann4 жыл бұрын
I thought YT required that all videos either contained a "holier than thou" attitude by the narrator or repeating narrative of mega-conspiracies involving religion, wealth, ruling the world by aliens.
@MrBottlecapBill4 жыл бұрын
Maybe the evidence of early African iron working is being suppressed by the systemicly racist governments of the world? It's pretty clear archaeologists are just a group of white males trying to hold onto their view of history at the expense of other races. How's that? :D
@cysilversoul4 жыл бұрын
Bottlecapbill It’s important to remember that historians =/= politician.
@hulahula61823 жыл бұрын
Africa peaked at iron age lmao
@norml.hugh-mann2 жыл бұрын
My point( which I admit is vague) us how intriguing and pleasantly addicting Stephen Milo's content is without the " junk food for the brain" that more popular but inaccurate hosts that like to omit key facts to push nonsense seem to think people want and algorithm rewards for some reason...but my gosh...the truth is always more interesting to me (and I am guessing many of yall feel the same)
@thinktonka4 жыл бұрын
In defense of your editing skills, I find them clever, witty and right on!