A Powerful Trick To EQ Vocals, Drums, & Anything Else | Ear Training For Mixing Music

  Рет қаралды 446,320

Audio University

Audio University

Күн бұрын

How do you practice mixing music with EQ? How can you train your ears to identify frequencies and improve your mixing skills? In this video, I'll show you some mixing examples and a technique that will dramatically change the way you mix and master your music.
Download the free Ear Training Guide to get a quick start practicing this method...
audiouniversityonline.com/ear...
Full Post (Audio University Website): audiouniversityonline.com/ear...
Learn more about ear training at the Audio University Website: audiouniversityonline.com/ear...
Jason Corey wrote an excellent book about critical listening for audio engineers! It will help you practice the ear training method in this video! Check it out here: amzn.to/3wHnQEo
Download FREE multitrack sessions to practice mixing!
Telefunken - Live From The Lab: www.telefunken-elektroakustik...
Song used for the demonstration in this video: Chris Tofield - "Give Life One More Chance"
0:00 - Introduction
0:39 - Ear Training For Audio Engineers
1:18 - Exercise #1 - Drums
2:12 - Exercise #2 - Drums
2:58 - Exercise #3 - Drums
3:51 - Exercise #4 - Acoustic Guitar
5:29 - Exercise #5 - Vocals
8:34 - How To Train Your Ears For Mixing Music
9:22 - Subscribe To Audio University!
Book a one to one call:
audiouniversityonline.com/one...
Website: audiouniversityonline.com/
Facebook: / audiouniversityonline
Twitter: / audiouniversity
Instagram: / audiouniversity
Patreon: / audiouniversity
Gear Recommendations: kit.co/audiouniversity
#AudioUniversity
Disclaimer: This description contains affiliate links, which means that if you click them, I will receive a small commission at no cost to you.

Пікірлер: 441
@Lasantha.
@Lasantha. 3 жыл бұрын
One Of the Few Channels that talks about real problems and real solutions for beginner mixing engineers.. Thanks Kyle!!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 3 жыл бұрын
I appreciate that! Thanks, Lasantha! What other topics would be helpful to you?
@Lasantha.
@Lasantha. 3 жыл бұрын
@@AudioUniversity Training ear to hear compression. (Training ear on any aspect in mixing would be really nice). thank you for asking.!!!
@RoyBattyLives
@RoyBattyLives 2 жыл бұрын
The most straightforward lesson in EQ I’ve watched, real sounds and real examples. Thank you!
@Osiris-wm2kj
@Osiris-wm2kj 2 жыл бұрын
"You wont be mixing pink noise, you'll be mixing music." 🤣🤣 idk why that was so funny to me
@uhuhno6441
@uhuhno6441 Жыл бұрын
I mean it's sort of a joke but it's also something some people might need to hear. Analogue to people who color grade video and focus too much on the scopes. If you're shooting a close up of a red rose, you're not supposed to see balanced scopes. It's red. 90% of your screen is red because it's supposed to be red. If you even out the scopes, the red rose is no longer red. 😂
@davidxiu8020
@davidxiu8020 Жыл бұрын
I can still hear the muddiness, honkiness, , nasal tone. it's a great lesson.
@therobotandjj
@therobotandjj 8 ай бұрын
“which is made up of a bunch of different ‘instruments’” 😂 (again, tooootally get why it all needed to be said….no less funny 😅)
@wuisaac5266
@wuisaac5266 10 ай бұрын
I'm a novice mixing engineer at a small music studio in Taiwan. Your video tutorials have been very beneficial to me. Thank you so much!
@jarekmn
@jarekmn 2 жыл бұрын
I like your way of explaining things which are messed up after watching hundreds of videos on the subject. It is a step closer to better mixes. Thank you.
@sxzbstmusic
@sxzbstmusic 9 ай бұрын
Not once have I come across a video that teaches EQ as good as this video does. Great work dude you're amazing.
@D.E.B.T-Music
@D.E.B.T-Music 10 ай бұрын
Learned more over the last half hour, than in all 3 years I've been mixing, so quick to show what to listen for, and the vowel, sibilance and haptic view makes it so much easier. WTG Kyle and thanks for doing this
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 10 ай бұрын
Happy to help! Thanks for watching!
@southsideronnie
@southsideronnie 10 ай бұрын
I agree @D.E.B.T-Music. Same here!!
@papa.alfredo
@papa.alfredo Жыл бұрын
I like the fact that you explain really very relaxed and quiet, this channel is one of the very best out there, many greetings from Germany.
@csbluechip
@csbluechip 11 ай бұрын
How have I never found this channel before? ... Your teaching style is fantastic. Thank you.
@KristohanongBisdakMusic
@KristohanongBisdakMusic 2 жыл бұрын
Great content! This is one of my go to channel in audio production. Keep it up Kyle! 👍
@produccionmusical946
@produccionmusical946 Жыл бұрын
I recently discovered this channel. The content you teach is pure gold. Thanks for sharing!
@shawndouglas4854
@shawndouglas4854 2 жыл бұрын
I love this! Thanks for sharing. I like how straightforward you make it and that you point out that it's really more of an art thing than it is an exact science and not everyone will have the same sensibilities about it.
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it, Shawn! I appreciate you leaving a comment too! Thanks.
@Fabsurf101
@Fabsurf101 2 жыл бұрын
Your channel is always so edifying for people like me appreciate my favorite recordings even more.
@tylerm522
@tylerm522 11 ай бұрын
Kyle to rock man! I’m very proud of you for making such high quality informative videos! I appreciate you! Keep up the great work!
@B30pt87
@B30pt87 Жыл бұрын
Ooh, I really like the vowel assignment trick! Thank you SO much for this video (and the guides). Instant empowerment - I can hear better than I did before. That's huge to me!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity Жыл бұрын
Glad to help! Thanks for watching!
@alexfreeman7979
@alexfreeman7979 2 жыл бұрын
i’m genuinely surprised at how many situations u use and i’m super glad u do
@DesertTactical
@DesertTactical 2 ай бұрын
Just bought me a powered mixer with dual EQ and need to learn how to get the most and best sound from it. This helped a ton!
@BUCKSHOTSTV
@BUCKSHOTSTV 2 жыл бұрын
I’m tripping with myself right now. I’m a degreed musician, so I do have ear training, but I had never ever heard of this technique with frequencies. Well even drunk, I got all the examples right after your first video just briefly explaining the syllable to the frequency. That made it all click in my head. Although I don’t mix music daily, I occasionally do, but primarily work with vocal tracks full time. So this has just helped me tremendously to identify what im hearing immediately. Before it was just a guessing game as I had no idea there was a method, but now I know there is, and my ear training can be applied to frequencies almost seamlessly. You’re a genius! Thank you!
@beezlebub3955
@beezlebub3955 2 жыл бұрын
Trippin me out, I love it, because regardless of the level of my knowledge, it just makes so much sense, I love playing with eq’s
@meis18mofo77
@meis18mofo77 Жыл бұрын
I just made a Preset for my stock EQ and omg this is so practical, thanks, this is such a straight foreward way of listening for frequencys, especially when you make dubstep and use formants all the time anyways, thanks
@markszve728
@markszve728 2 жыл бұрын
amazing channel/ video!! Thank you kyle greatly appreciate it. Love your message at the end too such a great attitude
@marcel.e.c.augustin
@marcel.e.c.augustin 6 ай бұрын
Man thank you so much for this content. I have been trying to get better at my mixes for reels/ production overall. I cant wait to sound better!
@vortexsophia
@vortexsophia Жыл бұрын
What an excellent video, this made understanding this so much easier to start to wrap a head around.
@samanthajanesmith9591
@samanthajanesmith9591 2 жыл бұрын
Just found your channel and it has already helped me understanding the best way to mix a podcast and videos. Thanks!
@correametal
@correametal Жыл бұрын
I am so glad I found your channel and subscribed! The content you provide is simply amazing! Thanks!
@jeremiahalexander5513
@jeremiahalexander5513 Жыл бұрын
This video demystified the eq for me. Great info! Thank you!
@niranjanaganesh5140
@niranjanaganesh5140 Жыл бұрын
what a great channel. so grateful i was recommended it!!
@joeturvey1749
@joeturvey1749 2 жыл бұрын
I truely believe that mixing audio is a form of art. Great information! Thanks!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Agreed! Thanks, Joe!
@jeonghyunkang9643
@jeonghyunkang9643 8 ай бұрын
wow, that simple change really makes a difference! Thank you a lot for these gorgeous guides. it really helps my first professional work even in home recording
@etiennerallu2246
@etiennerallu2246 Жыл бұрын
Pretty cool!! In the last example I would have used a low shelf instead of a boost. But I guess it comes down to pretty much the same thing. The vowel technic is very cool.
@chamindagunasekara97
@chamindagunasekara97 Жыл бұрын
Thank you very much for your guides.
@Masked_SVincent
@Masked_SVincent 2 жыл бұрын
Really like this method. During the guitar test, I took it as an A sound with sort of higher notes. Tho I can hear the OOs at the same time just behind it
@narcmusic
@narcmusic 2 жыл бұрын
i loved your eq method learning all days
@jez8708
@jez8708 3 жыл бұрын
been binging your videos and they help so much! i like how you explain everything. thank you, kyle! 🙌🏻
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 3 жыл бұрын
Happy to hear that, jez! Thanks for watching! Please share with friends who would find the videos helpful!
@pedalboy7
@pedalboy7 2 жыл бұрын
Really, really well done - the whole approach.
@ewwitsantonio
@ewwitsantonio Жыл бұрын
Another excellent video with incredible teaching skills. Thanks for the training. I learned a lot and you cleared up my view on mixing by giving me some concrete ways to think about and to talk about a mix. :)
@jimwar1890
@jimwar1890 Жыл бұрын
This is an excellent video! Very instructive. Makes total sense with your examples!! Thanks
@kelasbebas8742
@kelasbebas8742 Жыл бұрын
FINALLY I FOUND THIS CHANNEL ! VERY EASY TO GRASP. THANK YOU
@StarOasis26
@StarOasis26 Жыл бұрын
Man, you explained it like no other. thanks!
@marcelkriel3043
@marcelkriel3043 Жыл бұрын
Man this is such a blessing man thanks!
@RobertCow
@RobertCow 2 жыл бұрын
I haven't thought of it. Great concept!
@derekmillar8032
@derekmillar8032 2 жыл бұрын
Wow this approach to hearing frequencies as vowel sounds makes so much sense and I think it will help me move on from a plateau i feel I’ve hit - thanks. Now to check out all your other videos!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad to hear that, Derek!
@southsideronnie
@southsideronnie 10 ай бұрын
Same here. I feel behind by not going though Kyle's videos.
@frankseverinsen7710
@frankseverinsen7710 4 ай бұрын
Your videos are the best. You explain every subject so good that beginners like me really understand. I get these "Aha....." moments every time. Thank you so much and keep it up Kyle.
@lloydcooke5503
@lloydcooke5503 Жыл бұрын
Absolutely love your videos with informative realtime examples, yeah, love that. Gonna check out all these frequencies too. 💯👍🏽
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity Жыл бұрын
Thanks, Lloyd!
@Primatiorg
@Primatiorg 2 жыл бұрын
Wonderfully useful video! In all my years of mixing, I’ve never came across this technique. Thank you so much. Mahalo!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad to help! Thanks for watching!
@wesmartin1996
@wesmartin1996 Жыл бұрын
Great Job Kyle! I like your vowel sound idea...very effective!
@Saltheart_Foamfollower
@Saltheart_Foamfollower Жыл бұрын
Really really helpful. Thank you!
@user-io1lb6yq2f
@user-io1lb6yq2f 6 ай бұрын
Thank you so much sir. This is a great video.❤❤❤
@axemanfishing2703
@axemanfishing2703 2 жыл бұрын
What a great approach to tuning your ears this is. Really enjoyed this and thank you.
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it, @Axeman Fishing! Thanks for watching!
@steventorres9862
@steventorres9862 3 жыл бұрын
Not many videos like this out there. 💯 Thank you!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 3 жыл бұрын
Glad to help! Thanks for watching.
@vexphoto
@vexphoto Жыл бұрын
Great stuff! Thank you.
@wesleybrehm9386
@wesleybrehm9386 Жыл бұрын
OMG, thank you! I've been searching for a simple guide like this to train my ear for months. I started sound school last fall, and the best advice I've gotten from the staff was to "listen critically and it'll make sense." While that advice was actually true, it's been slow going. The vowel sound thing is brilliant!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity Жыл бұрын
I agree with your teachers - practice is the best method. But hopefully the trick in this video will help! Thanks, Wesley!
@joeyvillaceran6204
@joeyvillaceran6204 7 ай бұрын
This channel is a gem for beginners! Thank you so much!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 7 ай бұрын
Happy to hear that!
@17shakil
@17shakil 2 жыл бұрын
You are the deal man !! Excellent tutorial
@ButchHammer
@ButchHammer Жыл бұрын
What an interesting subject. I would have love to study this at school.
@rudreshvora9042
@rudreshvora9042 2 жыл бұрын
Very new way of looking at sound feelings for me!
@briansoanis
@briansoanis 10 ай бұрын
Straight to the point Bro, very nice and and very in depth Knowledge you are teaching, keep up the good work. I am not sure you if have posted a video on how to mix on studio monitor as when i try to get the best sound on the studio dry speakers but end up sounding very shimmery on the wet speakers, so please shower your light on it. Cheers Mate.
@highendcustomdesigncaraudi1777
@highendcustomdesigncaraudi1777 2 жыл бұрын
Excellent explanation God bless you.
@tomm7769
@tomm7769 2 жыл бұрын
What a great video and explanation. Glad I found this video! I subscribed and can't wait to watch more!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad to read this, Tom! What would you like to see in future videos?
@migrantfamily
@migrantfamily 2 жыл бұрын
The best and most useful approach I have ever heard.
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad to hear that! Thanks for watching!
@israelsprince
@israelsprince 2 жыл бұрын
Man, this is very helpful. Thank you!
@stockman1515
@stockman1515 2 жыл бұрын
Much needed. Thanks.
@luckysakonta2718
@luckysakonta2718 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you, always humble and appreciated
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for watching, Lucky!
@voodoochili12
@voodoochili12 2 жыл бұрын
This rules, thanks for sharing your knowledge
@ShivSagar010
@ShivSagar010 Жыл бұрын
Thank You Very Much! 🙂🙏
@stolencoats63
@stolencoats63 Жыл бұрын
Glad i clicked on your videos. Never heard of this method but wow its super helpful. I feel like my listening skills leveled up huge in the last hour!
@Mars-L
@Mars-L 2 жыл бұрын
So humble and helpfull. Thank you Kyle!!!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad to help, Mars L. Thanks for watching!
@magceko
@magceko 11 ай бұрын
The vocals sounded a little muddy and the mid-high boost was perfect option becuase the power (presence) in the vocals come around the AA 4k-6k hz, the guitar was boomy, so were the vocals, but the guitar is overal more powerful and when you boost the vocals high end, you get an equal mix, the low boomy end goes to the guitar and the mids and highs are for the vocals, and your ears are pleased finally :)
@GurowngSarep
@GurowngSarep 2 жыл бұрын
i love the way what you sharing. Thanks Bro.
@tanglung4379
@tanglung4379 9 ай бұрын
that ! , this is a real lesson of mixing , thank .
@whatsnew9409
@whatsnew9409 2 жыл бұрын
Its so helpful..thank you very much
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful! Thanks for watching!
@blueguitarstudio3522
@blueguitarstudio3522 2 жыл бұрын
Great video and practical tools! thanks for the upload!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for watching!
@arorasif
@arorasif 7 ай бұрын
Thank you so much for your videos! For spending your time helping out other people by sharing knowledge in such a clear and nonjudgemental way, it's greatly appreciated. Was looking up seminars for this type of thing in my city and there aren't really any so this is perfect!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 7 ай бұрын
Glad to help!
@TheDirtymikenation
@TheDirtymikenation Жыл бұрын
your going to help me get some work in the industry great videos thank you
@deltavistastudio124
@deltavistastudio124 10 ай бұрын
Great practical advice. Thanks!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 10 ай бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
@sekherproaudio
@sekherproaudio 3 жыл бұрын
It's very use full session for audio engineers thank you so much 👍👍👍
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 3 жыл бұрын
Glad to help, sekher d!
@realnachewa
@realnachewa Жыл бұрын
Very helpful and thank you 3000
@jordn1
@jordn1 Жыл бұрын
This rocks, Kyle! Thanks!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity Жыл бұрын
Glad to help, Jordn!
@RazifMohamed
@RazifMohamed 2 жыл бұрын
I always find it a bit challenging to describe changes to the sound when we do EQ exercises in class. This is wonderful. Will share it to my students.
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks, Razif!
@vanderpawl
@vanderpawl 2 жыл бұрын
Wow. Just wow. This opened my mind
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad to help, Anak! Thanks for watching!
@craigtillman5988
@craigtillman5988 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you sir!
@jaijeffcom
@jaijeffcom 7 ай бұрын
Dang, that's pretty eye-opening (or ear-opening)! I've been using the practice tool just today, and already I can get the answers on the tool. I got some of the answers right on these exercises. Surprised myself. I tried it on some violin tracks I recorded in my room. What I think I found is I like the flat sound that I got. Now I'm going to try it on some sample tracks I downloaded for mixing practice.
@RP-vq4wd
@RP-vq4wd 2 жыл бұрын
Great stuff!
@luckysakonta3724
@luckysakonta3724 Жыл бұрын
Thanks Kyle, much appreciated. South Africa 🇿🇦
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity Жыл бұрын
Glad to help!
@gastube22
@gastube22 2 жыл бұрын
Never come across that idea before - interesting and yes should be quite useful I think. Seems to make perfect sense in these examples - must try it out. Thanks. And 'EQ in context' is always a good one to remember.
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for commenting, @mphill22. Glad you enjoyed it!
@PorkFolio
@PorkFolio 16 күн бұрын
Thank you!
@brandonbuxton8960
@brandonbuxton8960 2 жыл бұрын
One of the best channels for training insight thanks
@brandonbuxton8960
@brandonbuxton8960 2 жыл бұрын
And all things audio engineering period!
@inwex8350
@inwex8350 Жыл бұрын
This is excellent.
@dragon-id5uj
@dragon-id5uj 2 жыл бұрын
Audio University... AU... fair to say your channel is GOLD!
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks! I’m glad you’re enjoying it!
@rajnaidu5521
@rajnaidu5521 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing, AU,,,,great video.
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it, raj naidu! Thanks for watching!
@cobraofearth
@cobraofearth Жыл бұрын
Melda has a free EQ plugin called "MEqualizer" that's let's you create "areas" on the spectral eq graph, where I have put little boxes that line up with the frequency sounds such as "oo", "o", "ah", etc. I find it very helpful, and also the melda eq is just a really good eq, even has a really nice saturation built in, and you can add harmonics to each band. CRAZY
@manuelkoch375
@manuelkoch375 2 жыл бұрын
the vowel system sounds very helpful. going to watch more of your vids tonight. subbed
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
I’m glad you’re finding it helpful! Thanks for watching, Manuel!
@npalliyil1
@npalliyil1 Жыл бұрын
very convincing and very educative. thank you
@thexlr8rkid
@thexlr8rkid Жыл бұрын
Man I've been looking out for a channel like yours for a minute
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity Жыл бұрын
Glad you found it! Thanks for watching.
@southsideronnie
@southsideronnie 10 ай бұрын
@Lasantha is right on the money. Why have I waited so long to go through the emails Kyle has been sending me? It's clear now Audio University is "One Of the Few Channels that talks about real problems and real solutions for beginner mixing engineers.." Thanks Kyle!!
@feelthedash
@feelthedash 2 жыл бұрын
Very second video I found useful in ear training and the first one is also your in which you taught how to listen those in pink noise. Thanks for this video brother.
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for watching, DASH! I hope it helps!
@damiagong5085
@damiagong5085 2 жыл бұрын
you rock dude. Tnx
@tilda140
@tilda140 Жыл бұрын
nice clean and concise format, good presenter. he seems super mellow.
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity Жыл бұрын
Thanks, JC!
@mrredoficial
@mrredoficial Жыл бұрын
Great video. Thank you.
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity Жыл бұрын
Thanks, Mr. Red! Glad you enjoyed it.
@davidtaylor3518
@davidtaylor3518 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the knowledge now i have that idea. God blessed to you here from Philippines 🙏
@AudioUniversity
@AudioUniversity 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you found it helpful, David! Thanks for watching!
EQ Explained in 10 Minutes ... or it's free
9:47
Nathan James Larsen
Рет қаралды 116 М.
[柴犬ASMR]曼玉Manyu&小白Bai 毛发护理Spa asmr
01:00
是曼玉不是鳗鱼
Рет қаралды 50 МЛН
Как быстро замутить ЭлектроСамокат
00:59
ЖЕЛЕЗНЫЙ КОРОЛЬ
Рет қаралды 11 МЛН
Miracle Doctor Saves Blind Girl ❤️
00:59
Alan Chikin Chow
Рет қаралды 54 МЛН
How To Eliminate Microphone Feedback | 5 Must-Know Tips
8:01
Audio University
Рет қаралды 536 М.
The Only 10 EQ Mixing Tips You'll Ever Need!
5:18
FireWalk
Рет қаралды 72 М.
Audio Mixer Setup: A Beginner's Guide
21:30
Audio University
Рет қаралды 136 М.
How to Make Vocals Sound Professional
18:21
Joe Gilder • Home Studio Corner
Рет қаралды 109 М.
You Are Ruining Your Audio! - How to EQ voice properly
9:52
Julian Krause
Рет қаралды 272 М.
How To Use A Compressor | Threshold, Ratio, Attack, Release & More
6:57
Audio University
Рет қаралды 252 М.
How To EQ Kick Drums & Bass Guitars To Stop FIGHTING In The Mix!!
7:45
Frightbox Recording
Рет қаралды 24 М.
The RIGHT way to use Compression - Detailed Mixing Tutorial
25:02
In The Mix
Рет қаралды 1,8 МЛН
Дени против умной колонки😁
0:40
Deni & Mani
Рет қаралды 10 МЛН
POCO F6 PRO - ЛУЧШИЙ POCO НА ДАННЫЙ МОМЕНТ!
18:51
How much charging is in your phone right now? 📱➡️ 🔋VS 🪫
0:11
5 НЕЛЕГАЛЬНЫХ гаджетов, за которые вас посадят
0:59
Кибер Андерсон
Рет қаралды 1,1 МЛН
Apple, как вас уделал Тюменский бренд CaseGuru? Конец удивил #caseguru #кейсгуру #наушники
0:54
CaseGuru / Наушники / Пылесосы / Смарт-часы /
Рет қаралды 4,6 МЛН
Main filter..
0:15
CikoYt
Рет қаралды 291 М.