Active Radar Homing - The Guidance of the AMRAAM, MICA, R77 etc.

Active Radar Homing is the type of guidance of the AMRAAM and of the main air to air weapons in use in the world, like the French MICA, the European Meteor or the Russian R77.
In this video I try to explain the nuts and bolts of how the guidance works, trying to go beyond the usual list of components and the physical description of the missiles.
We will cover the guidance laws and the real life use of the weapons.
If you would like some animations that show well from a visual point of view how the guidance laws look like in reality, you can watch this video.
• Introduction to Propor...
Enjoy!
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[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Active Radar Homing is the type of guidance of the AMRAAM and of the main air to air weapons in use in the world, like the French MICA, the European Meteor or the Russian R77. In this video I try to explain the nuts and bolts of how the guidance works, trying to go beyond the usual list of components and the physical description of the missiles. We will cover the guidance laws and the real life use of the weapons. If you would like some animations that show well from a visual point of view how the guidance laws look like in reality, you can watch this video. kzbin.info/www/bejne/haTFaJSkgtJkd7s Enjoy! Suggested Readings (affiliate links) Viper Pilot: A Memoir of Air Combat.com amzn.to/2G0VVb8.co.uk amzn.to/2OTonhR Fighter Combat: Tactics and Maneuvering.com amzn.to/2uMleai.co.uk amzn.to/2HZElq5 Hammer from Above: Marine Air Combat Over Iraq .com amzn.to/2UrvTWA .co.uk amzn.to/2UwGQWF Hornets over Kuwait .com amzn.to/2UlY4XB .co.uk amzn.to/2Kis7Ls -------------------------------------------- Equipment used (affiliate links) Body+Stock LensCanon EOS M50 Mirrorless Camera Kit w/EF-M15-45mm and 4K Video - Black.com amzn.to/2Uf1tHE.co.uk amzn.to/2Uyl8Si Body+StockLens+ZoomCanon EOS M50 Mirrorless Camera Body and EF-M15-45mm + EF-M 55-200mm Lenses and with Dual Pixel CMOS AF and 4K Video - Black.com amzn.to/2UuPV2t Zoom Lens OnlyCanon EF-M 55-200 mm f/4.5-6.3 IS STM Lens for Camera,Black.com amzn.to/2CWiBYg.co.uk amzn.to/2OPC4OR Audio RecorderTascam DR-05 .com amzn.to/2WNYanS .co.uk amzn.to/2K8xuwz LightsNeewer 3x 160 LED Dimmable Light Kit .com amzn.to/2VnYpFV .co.uk amzn.to/2UBvdOg

[@saleemkirmani5583]

What are the cons of active radar homing?

[@mohammadbahrami9859]

He doesn't lie or exaggerate on claiming this information isn't available anywhere else. atleast not in this detail. very underrated channel.

[@annag5458]

I am loving your work, technical, engineering and defence insight, general knowledge and fabulous presentation...MORE please!

[@bharatsharma3233]

I must admit. I was initially a bit apprehensive about this video because I was unsure how someone would broach this topic. But I am impressed with how you have explained such a complicated topic, while keeping it understandable to the "layman". Kudos to you, good sir! Liked and subscribed! +1 I got this video's link from the Hoggit subreddit btw. Wish you the best of luck for the future! As a separate question... do you plan to discuss different radar types in the future as well? The effect of frequencies, CW / pulse-doppler etc.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Thank you very much! Much appreciated! Radar is something I am planning to cover in the 4th season of the series dedicated to the AAMs but, depending on people's interest, it may be brought forward or covered by some of the short videos.

[@bharatsharma3233]

@@Millennium7HistoryTech sounds great. I'll look forward to your videos!

[@varunkoganti9067]

How hard is it actually to understand radar systems? It's easy imo

[@bharatsharma3233]

@@varunkoganti9067 well, for the technically inclined, there are a lot of good resources. But a lot of the military specific stuff is still classified or the technical stuff is not fully grasped by the common person. That's why most other KZbin channels just focus on the impact of the stuff, rather than fully going into the physics part. Or they take the dramatic approach

[@davidlee50]

I live in Cali, so this is highly regulated...good vid tho.

[@djmicrowave6073]

Honestly you’re the only person who talks about the actual interesting stuff about missiles, would have to surf through 100’s of declassified military documents to get a fraction of what you’ve said in one video, keep doing what your doing man!

[@JCMPRadio]

Hey there, thanks for this! Just found you today and subbed. I am an amateur writer creating my own universe where military tech is roughly set in the 40's/50's era. Your comment about old missiles being guided by the same technology that empowers music amplifiers was very helpful. Thank you!

[@ritwikg2818]

Video is great profound and it took 4 days continuous to understand the topic such details can't be found anywhere on earth

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Well, I consider this a very high praise. Thank you!

[@martinvaldez158]

@@therocinante3443 vb

[@bret9741]

As always, a genuine and unbiased effort to provide knowledge and commentary on something that is very complex. My belief of this subject falls inline with your video. I’m most concerned about the next generation of missiles. I believe micro computer systems with active, passive sensors will be able to calculate and guide missiles into an aircraft or target with a near 100% hit probability. This means aircraft will have to develop new defensive systems that can directly attack the incoming missile while at the same time going offensive against the enemy launch platform.

[@MrMatmulan]

WOW QUALITY CHANNEL! CHEERS FROM BRASIL

[@panosgatsoulias5155]

As usually, again an excellent presentation by Millenium 7* on a very obscure topic

[@H0egaarden]

Your older videos are a joy to watch

[@gregorybrennan8539]

Excellent Thank you This channel is for the thinking person.

[@mavisoft]

You are the best teacher i ve ever seen

[@Phenom98]

You did an excellent job explaining such complicated topics in a relatively short video. Keep it up, sir!

[@priyeshsingh9355]

Very informative. Thank you

[@conconmervin]

Very informative!

[@sergeyvasilyev6728]

LOVE this channel

[@MoroDZGamer]

You are best teacher ever

[@nruff100]

excellent vid again! i feel like i could binge watch these like a Netflix series lol

[@MrRobotPower]

Thank you for this video. It is a very good, accessible and common sense summary of this topic.

[@captainprice4261]

Thank you for this awesome video

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

My Pleasure! What did you find particularly interesting?

[@captainprice4261]

@@Millennium7HistoryTech pretty much everything because I learned alot. Are you planning to make a specific video on missile trajectory? because you didnt mention the missile pursuit in detail. I know there is pure pursuit, lead pursuit,lead collision and propotional navigation. And thanks for this awesome series

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

I am a bit torn about it. It would require showing some mathematics and explaining it on video. I need to find the courage to do it. I need to have some hints that people like you would follow along...

[@EdSchramko]

excellent presentation but background sound effects a bit loud and distracting. Is there an FFT chip yet?

[@Ragnaroz6000]

Recently found your channel. Really nice and informative! Ive linked to it several times when being tasked with explaining weapon mechanics in DCS and War thunder :)

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Thank you very much! May I ask why did you have to explain it in the context of these two games?

[@Ragnaroz6000]

@@Millennium7HistoryTech I lead a wing in a squadron in War thunder, where we fly jets competitively against others. War Thunder has recently been expanding from primarily propeller driven planes from early ww2 and on to the early 1st generation jets, to now include planes like the F4 Phantom and its contemporaries. Along with these new jets, come new weapon systems like IR-guided missiles from the Aim9-b/e/d's, R-13s and up to the British SRAAMs - with radar guided missile weapons like the sparrows on the near horizon. Since many are less familar with the underlying mechanics and princibles (being used to only rely on convential guns/cannons), and because the game itself does a very poor job at explaining these, many have found them to be lacking, until they understand these. This is where your videos have been a great insight to many of our players :) DCS adds in even more of a simulator expericence in playstyle, and with much more advanced weapony available. This means the gap between the people who understand the weapons, how the work, and their limitations, and the ones who do not, becomes even more significant. The average joe who plays these, obviously doesn't have your years of training/expertise (and neither do I for that matter, besides on a personal interest level), so even figuring out where to start looking for information to gain an overview can be a challenge. You make really nice and informative stuff, and its a good mix of information both for people who are more studied, and the people who have no prior understanding - but a willingness to learn. Basically summed up, your videos and the lessons in them, give us an competitive edge over the people who don't take the time understand :)

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

@@Ragnaroz6000 I suppose I am flattered for this... Looks like a video about the tactics and the aerobatics could be useful to you guys ... one day!

[@Ragnaroz6000]

@@Millennium7HistoryTech We would definitely watch that, Sir! :) Keep up the good work! :)

[@bobthompson4319]

i think it was the f4 that has or had a 10x scope to look at the target to ID it and launce the "great" sparrow. it helped. now tey use the FLIR and other pods to ID

[@mgkole]

Dude, you are genius. I love your videos!!!!!!!

[@JJABRAHAM69]

Sir,I am needing your advice in a couple of years for system I am designing. Great ,great channel.

[@ad2181]

Excellent video with an engineering twist.

[@peteabdu9179]

Awesome channel. Anti-missile techniques would be a cool video: Jamming, flares, chaff, etc

[@maximilliancunningham6091]

Let's talk about counter measures, and jamming. Drones and decoys too.

[@patrickchase5614]

wrt missile "acting as a sensor" at 15:35 or so, I've always been fascinated by TVM guidance as implemented by Patriot and some S-300 variants. It seems to me that that mode has quite a lot of potential against shape-based stealth, since it inherently implements a bistatic radar.

[@santoshsonawane3879]

Thank you sir

[@user-nj9mh7ly2n]

Very cool. Wish it was this easy and quick to actually study this stuff. :D

[@blue280485]

Amazing explanation 👌👏 Please make a similar video about Infrared Homing (IR) Missiles specially focusing on Imaging Infrared (IIR) missiles like Python-5. Thanks 😊

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/jX6WkJWanb-WrLM

[@blue280485]

@@Millennium7HistoryTech Please make a video about: Python-5 I-Derby I-Derby ER Spyder Air Defence System Looking forward to seeing that video on this Channel!

[@pravin5186]

U have amazing knowledge 👌

[@WXUZT]

Thanks for the informative video.

[@lfyqtr]

Thanks

[@zvonkoprosen4096]

I admire your effort

[@WXUZT]

Very informative. Thank You so much.

[@jerzykaltenberg298]

good tutorial :)

[@danielramirezcruz.2209]

Super information professor... great video great work thanks...l love it...

[@gordonlawrence1448]

Actually no the cavity magnetron has not been used in military radar for decades. The reason being it can only generate one frequency. In the early 80's high frequency VCO's (Voltage Controlled Oscillators) took over and a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) was on the output to multiply the frequency so you could go semi-frequency agile (settling time was tens to hundreds of milliseconds). These days a DDS (Direct Digital Synthesis) chip is used and commercial ones such as the AD9956 can change frequency in under a microsecond and working up to near 3GHz (2.7 rated) means you only need a times four PLL which will settle in a few milliseconds. Or you can go for a PLL with sweep such as the HMC702. Both of the latter solutions work nicely in X-Band and both can go lower. You can in fact using a planar array with the right delay line setup sweep by frequency rather than switching delay lines in and out. Much better and more compact for a missile.

[@mikeyo4406]

Umm ok. You seem to know way more than me cuz I'm getting what ur talking about but not familiar with the systems u described. But good on bud 👍

[@11Tits]

7:20, uhhh kinda. most radar guided missiles we thing are guided by APN or EPN. Or ZEMAPN - ZEMEPN. PN is very very basic and on par with PP (pure pusuit). However a lot of IR guided missile are forced to only use PN as to use any other guidance law you need ranging information from the target.

[@Elios0000]

love to see a video on the AIM-54

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

I touch it quickly here kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZnKVnGqDjbh_gtk

[@ScotttyDev]

Welcome to BVR 101.

[@itz_killed6652]

Can you cover a video on how the Russian it and rf missiles work

[@Hulnbfrijabl]

Comparing misiles to Missile defense systems how big is the gap between technologies? are missiles useless for ground targets if defense systems are in place?

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Hi Jesus. This question is a bit OT but I can try to answer. However, would you be able to make an example of what you are thinking to? Which kind of situation would be the one you are interested in? Is this a cruise missile vs SAM scenario?

[@Hulnbfrijabl]

@@Millennium7HistoryTechsorry about the delay, something like this: kzbin.info/www/bejne/onWun36GmN2ZgpY what is the difference in technology between the defender's system and the attacker's missiles? are they really able to compete? or is this just a waste of missiles?

[@forfun5238]

@@Hulnbfrijabl missile interception is complex, while a missile can hit target with the help of pre loaded target coordinates or if you want to hit a moving target you need some kind of secondary guidance like active radar seeker. To launch a land attack missile you don't need any radar, but missile defenses need surveillance and fire control radars, command/control unit and missile launchers to intercept targets.....

[@massimomaraziti5595]

Would it be possible that an Active Radar Homing missile is carried by one "dumb" plane (a "missile truck") or even a drone but fired and directed on target by a "smart" plane such as a F-35 or perhaps a G550 CAEW?

[@xTheUnderscorex]

Have any militaries started using strategies where multiple missiles launch together and track in a coordinated way to cover the paths the target could take? Should be possible to improve lethality at long range that way by conserving more energy in the missiles, since the target maneuvering to bleed energy from one missile would simultaneously make you a more optimal target for another while the first missile can keep true or turn less to cover a later maneuver back the other way. Expensive in terms of missiles used of course, but probability of kill at medium ranges would go way up.

[@fredflintstone3787]

I’m not sure about this ? I worked for Marconi Radar in the 1980’s. I designed and built digital logic using CMOS digital logic chipset to manage the Radar within an air to air missile which was in my specific case an EIK (extended interaction klystron). I couldn’t use TTL because the voltage difference between what was logic 0 and logic 1 was too small and concern was you could accidentally raise a logic 1. However in CMOS this voltage gap was considerably larger and so the logic was far more robust especially around rf. Where the author is getting the idea that valves used in older guitar amps were used I’m not certain as obviously I wasn’t aware how other competitors electronics worked, but at MRSL in Chelmsford where I did the design work we certainly used latest CMOS 80’s logic

[@jhill4071]

AMRAAM. Absolutely terrific until you find out you killed a friendly and wasted a $5 million dollar missile.

[@SerbanOprescu]

A major con for active radar-homing missiles is that they can be jammed. The airplane's radar can also be jammed. And most of all, the airplane itself can be detected, tracked and targeted based on its radar emission. Homing-Anti-Radar-Missiles are plentiful not only in air-to-ground missions, but in air-to-air combat as well. There are, for instance, anti-AWACS missiles that do just that. Thus, the ait-to-air fight just got one more dimension, that of jammers - anti-jammers and counter-radar-homing as well.

[@LRRPFco52]

Great video as usual. One point of order: The US pioneered IRST for airborne target identification in high ECM threat environment in the late 1950s-early 1960s. Aircraft that first got IRST were: F-101B Voodoo Interceptor F-106A F-8E Crusader F-4B and F-4C with the Texas Instruments AAA-4 F-4E got the TISEO in the port wing leading edge, but it was a zoom camera system for visual PID, not IR detection and tracking like the previous Honeywell and Texas Instruments systems listed above.

[@gerhardris]

Again extremely well handeld unique information. What puzzels me is the chances of pilots to detect a launch. I guess it is like lighting a match in a dark room. Yet, in a war many maches are lit, so how to know which one is aiming at you? Then getting a visual on a missile that is no longer burning is going to be neigh inpossible. Or you would need radar but I guess modern missiles are stealthy as well. And if so will that not make for uav fighters working like we did in 1981. I was a conscript driver and gunner on a PRTL. Forget IFF if you are in sector at a time when no friend should be after radar lockon you have 4 seconds to make a hard turn or 35 mm wil start hitting you 500 rpm and exploding inside your plane. Bad hair day. A uav could do the same. Sectors with only uav friendlies blue on blue less of a risk.

[@tadferd4340]

Military aircraft have Radar Warning Recievers. These detect the radar energy from active radar. Some aircraft have Missile Approach Warning Systems, which can detect missiles based on their natural heat and UV emissions and reflection. These systems will automatically deploy flares and other countermeasures, while also informing the pilot.

[@harishshanbhag7815]

Sir, you can add information on evading AA missiles based on Balakot attack, on the 2nd day Pak launched AAMRAM missiles from F-16 platform against Mirage 2000 and Su-30 MKI. Indian planes defeated the A2A missile in classic style.

[@hadeedmalik719]

Classic style being getting shot down ?

[@akoponen]

I like your videos, but this one I kept having to adjust the volume as I found the music was too loud for comfort if I had the volume up enough to understand your words.

[@nelson1tom]

This whole guidance system reminds me of my limited control engineering classes… but non-linear…. And a lot harder. How did early guidance systems work? Just using simple PID controllers?

[@hamedsabet5380]

Hi Very informative some of the video belong to AIM-54 Phoenix missiles When F-14 & Phoenix bind together they become invincible. Can you build a video about this ? i think it will be very Interesting . Thanks for your time.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/m5WcfWiIqrOsrKc

[@varunkoganti9067]

AIM -54 s are far as Americans. They were designed to intercept heavy russian bombers.in layman terms they're fat like Americans.

[@hamedsabet5380]

@@varunkoganti9067 YES . Almost all russian copied weapons are BIG - FAT - UGLY - UNRELIABLE.

[@Youtubeuser1aa]

What is the relative cost of the sensor for a missile

[@Stroporez]

What about using missile maneuver surfaces as antenna for active radar guidance? Or using simplified thrust vectoring on a missile? Or using rolling airframe on missile, and using this airframe as antenna for active radar guidance?

[@Youtubeuser1aa]

Radar points forward

[@memahmad]

hello dear I like the level of knowledge you have.I have few questions if you would like to answer.firstly how much effective are EW jammers against the active missiles and in future if missiles employee AESA radar. How does the hitting probability of active missile varies by bringing target plane closer to ground or sea level.finally when people talk about air to air missiles with range upto 300km i do not know of any radar that has detecting range of upto 300km is it true that such a long range air to air missiles exist.

[@nabilkhoury2494]

I love the quality of your videos but the spoken audio has a bit of an echo that makes it a bit difficult to follow sometimes.

[@sergarlantyrell7847]

For LOAL launching, can the missile's flight be updated before the missile locks on with its own radar? And if so, does the plane provide course adjustments via a data link, or is the plane's radar used to illuminate the target for the missile's own radar to pick up passively (like semi-active radar homing during the first phase of flight)?

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Yes, data link

[@mwtrolle]

I would like to hear you describe some of the other missiles you were talking about, in the same way. What advantages do they have, is there any cheap and fast to make ones that are still really useful, and what other military doctrines are behind them.

[@roostersideburns3440]

what type of explosives are in most missiles?

[@RicardoMrMendes]

6 o clock behind your enemy is the best position for bvr missiles or short range or visual range to lock on in a sneky way

[@guilhermefigueiredo4991]

How does the pitbull mode work?

[@bilalhaque3986]

millenium can you please tell us how AESA radar homing is better than average actve homing

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

AESA refers to a specific configuration of the radar emitters and antenna, which gives some advantages in terms of beam shaping and overall beam control. It also tends to be more reliable because it has no moving parts. An "average active homing" doesn't exist as such. A more conventional configuration may do just as fine if you don't really need the AESA features, like it may happen for a missile.

[@nibinkoshy8902]

Thanks for the video! Do you think the smaller radars in these missiles will be able to track stealth fighters like Su-57 or stealth F-22 raptors having tiny radar cross sections?

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

They can be part of an overall strategy to defeat stealth.

[@ihsanullahstanakzai6049]

hello sir i find your videos too much useful for me, and also it changed my life. sir i have a question about the surface to air missile's homing seeker, that how acts the seeker head during keeping lock on target .! if the target is moving to some direction what mechanism is used by the seeker head to rotate in same direction with the target to keep locked on target?

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Thank you very much! Much appreciated. To keep the lock, the missile (but this is true for every radar) must compare at least two samples and act accordingly. The first sample returns the target echo. The second sample is a bit on the right, the third a bit on the left, the fourth a bit up, the second a bit down (there are scanning patterns but for sake of simplicity let's suppose it is just like this). If any of the following samples return an echo, then the target has moved. Say the left sample returned an echo, then the target has moved a bit left respective to the radar. So the next 4 samples will be around the position of what was originally the left one and the cycle restarts. It is easy to understand that, in this way, the radar follows the target.

[@ihsanullahstanakzai6049]

@@Millennium7HistoryTech thank you very much sir i thought before like this but i was not confidant and didnt have enough knowledge. thank you sir for your efforts i learnt more from your posts i am thankful. yes that will be very useful too, to make a video or animation about the physics of keeping locked missile on target , in future .

[@TURKWING]

Grazie mille per splendito video. Vorrei chiedere a Lei alcune domande come ha offerto quel' opportunita fondo video.1.) Active Homing radars generally are designed for X band (or some near Ka,Ku band). What is missile active radar homing range ratio regarding aircraft missile guidance range (with constant RCS of target)?. ie: For example one F-16 can guide Sparrow A km beyond for target Z, but also F-16 launched AMRAAM can guide itself Bkm beyond for same target Z.What are the A/B=? (generic number per forsa)2.) Why we don't see any two stage long range air2air missile to increase energy and range?Grazie

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

If I interpret correctly point 1, that is not how it works. Range is defined by the energy and the fire solution depends from the launcher. An F-16 can acquire a track by the rada, and the range at which it can be fired upon depends from the weapon energy. The range difference between Sparrow and AMRAAM depends from the models, obviously. Point 2: it is not an advantage because AAMs do not fly vertically up and they already have energy from the launcher. They do not need to overcome their weight, they need to overcome air resistance and shedding weight, in this case is not a particularly large advantage. Also, the stage junction is a weak structural point and so high G maneuvers are not possible while it is attached and so, at short range, it would not be very effective.

[@cityofjoy8830]

Please advise on russian missiles like r27 and Rvv series. These are not much known.🙏

[@bobthompson4319]

it sounds like the target wont be "painted" by radar and w2arn the target tha its locked onto only that the target is being tracked. the best option imho would be to use IRST as primary and secondary use AWAKS then if theres no other way to target and track the target that way the target has minimum time to manuver to evade.

[@HimanshuSharma-sd5gk]

Is it using a LQR internally?

[@makeit2132]

is there any stealth heat sicking missile? or a good reason not to pursue his option?

[@anuvisraa5786]

the compresed air in the front of the missile is a big termal signal

[@Youtubeuser1aa]

The missile knows where it is because it knows where it isn’t

[@Diavoloz]

Do SPIKE missiles also use the same active homing guidance?

[@peterweller8583]

Neato

[@andredennison8185]

love the show but the continuous music track makes it hard to absorb the info if u turn sound up it gets worse so just suggestion liked it whem music was only start and finish but still love show

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

It is an old video, almost two years old. If you feel like, you can watch more recent videos where there is no problem.

[@NitishKumar-qi9pg]

Can we use the sound emitted from a jet engine as one of the guidance parameters along side the active homing guidance to narrow down the area of presence of the jet ? Maybe we could use a device which could measure the intensity of the sound and generate a possible position of the jet and this might just help us narrow the position of the jet even more .

[@thomasfink2385]

Please invent a sensitive microphone that works at Mach 5

[@mikeyo4406]

Because the missiles fly many times the speed of sound this would not be appropriate and if the target was super sonic absolutely useless.

[@Youtubeuser1aa]

Too low frequency

[@peterswee9979]

Active radar on missile are usually pulse or CW? What are the pros and cons of each. Tks.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Modern solutions are pulse. The pros & cons is really too complex to be discussed in a comment. But there will be time in the future to go back to it.

[@michaeldenesyk3195]

I am aware that the F-102 Delta Dagger and F-106 Delta Dart had IRST in the 1960s. I was not aware that the Russians pioneered this technology in the 1970s? The F-101B also gave up the Air to Air refuelling probe for an IRST in the '60s and the F-8 Crusader had one as well and the US Navy F-4B and the USAF F-4C had a sensor under their radomes well before the Soviets deployed a similar system.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

You forgot the F-14. Technically speaking you are right but those systems were not used as a replacement for the radar like modern IRSTs. In the video I didn't really mention those systems because I don't even consider them real IRSTs, they were more of a sort of infrared sensor. I could have mentioned them for clarity, so, thanks for doing it for me.

[@michaeldenesyk3195]

@@Millennium7HistoryTech Yes, I was thinking about the F-14, but my focus was on the 60s. The F-101B IR Sensor does bare a resemblance to the SU-27 and MiG-29. Obviously not as capable.

[@stephenconnell]

what about portable anti tank rocket systems such as the Javelin. Why is it so effective?

[@12345fowler]

Is this an online graduation course for military pilots ? ;-) I'm sure they don't even know half of what is discussed here.

[@glennridsdale577]

IRST was pioneered by the US in the 1950s. The F-102, F-101B, F-8E to J, F-4A to D, F-106 and even some F-14s were so equipped before it fell out of fashion. The first operational Soviet IRST was the TP-23 which equipped MiG-23Ms from 1972.

[@gradowik]

idea of cutting live round with a chainsaw sounds quite bizzare. However sensitivity of propelent and warhead might be a matter of another video/series. Day of "dynamite gun" seems to be over. Yet there might be some grain of truth behind hollywood idea of detonating rocket by gunshot. (or by "unconventional release" over friendly territory) This might be interesting: safeguards to prevent accidents or to cease engagement after launch. I guess that dataling posses some capability, how about IFF - should it be in missile software/hardware or in the launching platform? There are some Nato countries using MiGs, there are also many other situations where type of aircraft don't give 100% knowledge whether it is legitimate target or bystander/ally in similar type of an aircraft.

[@LeoH3L1]

To be honest, if you ask the average pilot about the guidance laws, they'll probably go "huh?", they're trained to use them, you don't need to understand how the electronics or programming works for that.

[@darkofc]

👍

[@petersellers9219]

I'm against the use of single-use missiles especially if they are not biodegradable. Also 'valves' or glass tubes might cause injury.

[@kazansky22]

Longer ranged missiles in the "medium" range class and higher do NOT use proportional navigation as their guidance law, they use and have used Predictive Guidance since the 60s they have applied alot of classified filters to the basic equation but the basic equation remains the same. Pro nav is used for short range missiles only, not long range.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Interesting, do you have a source? I would really like to learn more.

[@ViceCoin]

Semi active homing is stealthy for missiles.

[@BigRokko5196]

Are you Swedish, if you don't mind me asking? Or if anyone knows his nationality concerning his accent. Curious what accent he has.

[@memahmad]

He is Italian he told by himself once

[@sabertornado786]

sir, are you a piolet?

[@frankg.gerigk9122]

Unfortunately, the sound ist too loud, compared to the voice.

[@BloatedBearucraticNightmare]

Great info. Be more easily heard and understood without the continual music. Just saying...

[@marioshadjikyriacou3381]

16:30, thats what happen to Russian Su24 shot down in Syria 5 years ago? A turkish awacs was in the region and F16 pilot Just push the button? Cause there was no reaction by the Russian pilots. Although the Su24 is an old plane, the ones operating in Syria are all upgraded, with an RWR system reliable to warn the pilots!

[@varunkoganti9067]

You don't get a launch warning until the missile goes pittbull. If the missile dosent go pitbull until 1-2km the pilot won't have time to react.

[@aungwin1013]

@@varunkoganti9067 what is that mean by missile go pitbull ?

[@thelovertunisia]

Only Millenuim and Binkov make really serious videos. The rest is not for people who know military matters.

[@thelovertunisia]

The dark blue suit by the way adds the Italian touch. I loved Italy every time I visited it...Bella Italia and your 'Ars Vivendi'.

[@maximilliancunningham6091]

Fire, and forget, autonomous guidance.

[@scotscheideman9800]

-- immediately pauses video at 4:30 and Google searches Latex - images!!!!!!!

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Consider yourself told off! 😆😆

[@afpwarmodernizationarchive1320]

Why this is not taught in school

[@jeffi854]

With the stealthiness of the F-22 and F-35 why not save $350,000 dollars and just sneak up on your enemy and gun him down ?