An Interview with Dr. Gerstner: Silencing the Devil with R.C. Sproul and John Gerstner

  Рет қаралды 78,733

Ligonier Ministries

Ligonier Ministries

Күн бұрын

Пікірлер: 132
@ChadDavis-lo7fy
@ChadDavis-lo7fy 2 ай бұрын
Love it and it's great to see the men that have watered the seed from Christian to Christian
@BruceC
@BruceC Жыл бұрын
Two giants of the faith - comforting to see that even these 2 giants have, themselves, struggled with the need for more grace, from time to time, giving me additional hope in my ongoing struggles
@JohnMoog-ug6bk
@JohnMoog-ug6bk Жыл бұрын
What a debt we owe Dr. Gerstner for being an inspiration to Dr. Sproul.
@Amilton5Solas
@Amilton5Solas 5 ай бұрын
Great gift to the church!
@lsl43deo
@lsl43deo Жыл бұрын
It is uplifting to see Dr. Sproul’s genuine smile as he questions Dr. Gerstner. Their conversation is one that demonstrates how much they both loved our Savior Lord, and how highly they esteem Him. How beautiful! This is sorely lacking in today’s churches, unfortunately. Thank you Ligonier Ministries for this outstanding video.
@OSleeperTactical
@OSleeperTactical 4 жыл бұрын
I love how you hear where r c got so many of his inflections and mannerisms from.
@PeteJab
@PeteJab 3 жыл бұрын
Haha. I was thinking the same.
@anthonyk9431
@anthonyk9431 3 жыл бұрын
My thoughts exactly. Haha
@kimosabbe50
@kimosabbe50 2 жыл бұрын
Me too 😊
@Crusader926
@Crusader926 8 ай бұрын
Student always learns from the master
@Julie-rc7wl
@Julie-rc7wl 4 жыл бұрын
I have such a tender spot for R.C. Sproul and gratitude for the things God has taught me through him. That affection naturally flows toward Dr. Gerstner because of Sproul's high praise of him in so many messages and his clear affection for his mentor. I found this exchange so sweet to get to listen to. What legacies these men left behind.
@maxstrange7606
@maxstrange7606 Жыл бұрын
2 wonderful believers now in the Lord's presence.
@jeanluc1404
@jeanluc1404 5 жыл бұрын
I'll return to this video often. R.C. and his beloved mentor, Dr. Gerstner. Truly a Paul & Timothy relationship lived out in our times. Dr. Gerstner must have treasured the accomplishments of R.C. Sproul and now they are both in the House of the Lord, overwhelmed with the JOY of being eternally home in the heavenly realms.
@Sherlock245
@Sherlock245 5 жыл бұрын
I came here too knowing rc is gone. 😥
@multibombshells
@multibombshells 5 жыл бұрын
Two best theologian reunited in heaven :)
@TaylorLSexton
@TaylorLSexton Жыл бұрын
Very thankful for these two men. I feel so bad for Dr. Gerstner here, as you can here his asthmatic wheezing when he inhales.
@DavidRamirez-ww5kv
@DavidRamirez-ww5kv 5 жыл бұрын
I love and miss both these men of God.
@aprilholton1150
@aprilholton1150 4 жыл бұрын
I just love RC Sproul! He helped me to understand pre-destination and many other doctrines. So sad he has passed away, but so thrilled he is with our Father! It is hard to talk to others regarding pre-destination however I feel it is necessary to explain the whole gospel. Too many watered down doctrines out there, this world needs the TRUTH!! It is the end times and we all must prepare for Jesus's return. I know just by living in the world (not of the world) there are so many unsaved people. And yes many professed Christians are walking around thinking they are saved, when in fact they are not. I blame the pastors out there who have huge audiences and only want to tell them good, happy, your best life now doctrines. It is not easy to be a Christian these days. And I feel it is going to be harder before this is all said and done. However I do not fear because I KNOW Jesus will be with me through it all! God bless you
@solafide4054
@solafide4054 5 жыл бұрын
Miss these two power hitters of theology but rejoice that they are both forever glorified!
@robertnezbeth8415
@robertnezbeth8415 5 жыл бұрын
We have hope beyond the grave. Looking forward to spending eternity with men like Dr. Gerstner and Dr. Sproul.
@docholliday7548
@docholliday7548 2 жыл бұрын
Oh, what a day of rejoicing that will be! When we all see Jesus, we'll sing and shout the victory
@Akitorbenov
@Akitorbenov 2 жыл бұрын
I share the same thought, but than i think to the immensity and overwhelming presence of the Lord, that i have to force myself imagining i can be bother with the presence of anyone else in this place, even may it be my beloved wife. But sure, as mirrors, we will reflect to each other and to God His Glory.
@mimitovar7335
@mimitovar7335 5 жыл бұрын
Thank you @LigonierMinistries for posting such treasure for the edification of the saints! May the Lord continue to bless this ministry and its workers!
@lykagonzales4152
@lykagonzales4152 3 жыл бұрын
and look how Dr. Sproul smiles, astonished at his mentor😍
@BrianPittsTheEducator
@BrianPittsTheEducator 3 жыл бұрын
It's remarkable how similar their mannerisms are. Two great teachers.
@jackjones3657
@jackjones3657 5 жыл бұрын
R.C. Had such a great speaking voice.
@ronmortimer252
@ronmortimer252 5 жыл бұрын
Isaac Newton said, "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants." How true is that statement. And the head of all these giants and ourselves, is our Lord. And thank God for all of them.
@justinwilson3694
@justinwilson3694 5 жыл бұрын
Great to know they are with the LORD because of His GRACE!!!
@tuppence144
@tuppence144 2 ай бұрын
Great discussion. Especially the importance of predestination.
@danielevans5864
@danielevans5864 5 жыл бұрын
What a great and fortunate experience for us to be witness to this conversation!!
@danielevans5864
@danielevans5864 5 жыл бұрын
@Raymondo of Nottinghamshire No sir.
@Frampa
@Frampa 5 жыл бұрын
Now you RC, became a mentor for many even you at home already!
@TchnoeLDJ
@TchnoeLDJ 5 жыл бұрын
Frampa amen
@JohnSmith-bp1er
@JohnSmith-bp1er 3 жыл бұрын
Right
@jacobhamilton4888
@jacobhamilton4888 3 жыл бұрын
Two brilliant men
@MrBobrguitar
@MrBobrguitar 4 жыл бұрын
I have been living witk Chronic Pain for the better part of 30 yrs and i struggle with this idea of happiness - and, it frightens me! I do believe that i am a Christiavn and the thought of the Lord stating "i never knew you" is simply Horrifying!!! However Karma I remember a sermon that RC gave in which she said if you have any amount of love for the Lord that's an indication that you believe. I have kicked against the goads for 30 years. Intermittently I came back repented, and tried again. When you live with constant unrelenting pain your world. Get dark. However, over the years it has complained to me that the Lord is walking next to us and helping us. We've run out of money I can't and I no longer can work but, my wife still is with me( though there are difficulties in our relationship because of my pain) and my adult kids are still part of the family. So, in that regard I do feel blessed. Thank you for putting up with my diatribe!
@ronlanter6906
@ronlanter6906 4 жыл бұрын
I believe you show joy in Jesus Christ and are struggling in a human way with your pain. I also struggled with a different kind of pain but had/have joy in Jesus Christ - let your mind focus on that joy and turn your pain over to God. One day, all our pains will be lifted from us.
@RocketRodCub
@RocketRodCub 5 жыл бұрын
"The play is a success and the audience is a failure." (concluding remarks) - a profound analysis of the revelation of the doctrine of predestination. The play gives all the glory to God. The audience should be jumping for joy!
@denisethuman1307
@denisethuman1307 4 жыл бұрын
Yes, He speaks to me in the word of God....He brings me to Himself and I am enthralled in His presence.
@aliciazika2066
@aliciazika2066 5 жыл бұрын
Lofty discussion by two learned Christian men. Thank you.
@StephenGibney
@StephenGibney 4 жыл бұрын
I was deeply touched by this interview it really encouraged me
@dredwin1
@dredwin1 4 жыл бұрын
What a great humble servants of God. I missed RC very much
@hbviceroy7274
@hbviceroy7274 3 жыл бұрын
To absolute Titans humanly speaking of the faith!
@jesusovando7693
@jesusovando7693 4 жыл бұрын
Thank you for you ministry R.C
@gabriel84
@gabriel84 5 жыл бұрын
"Christians should be happy." Yess!
@rufusnganga1118
@rufusnganga1118 5 жыл бұрын
Buy truth, and do not sell it; buy wisdom, instruction, and understanding. Proverbs23:23
@steynvanwyk1553
@steynvanwyk1553 5 жыл бұрын
Lost people is the missionary field that God gave us here on earth. By bringing the Gospel to these people we honour God. He says in His Word that He has no pleasure in anybody going into perdition. Praise the Lord for the above two Children of God that now dwell with Him forever! Ligonier Ministries, keep these postings coming! May the Lord bless you in your Godly Work!
@frizfarm
@frizfarm 5 жыл бұрын
I miss RC more than words can express . . .
@joelparadanavarro2102
@joelparadanavarro2102 4 жыл бұрын
So do I. But we are gonna see all these Saints in heaven. We are close to that great day! Let's keep moving forward.
@JohnSmith-bp1er
@JohnSmith-bp1er 3 жыл бұрын
Amen
@ellerelenir
@ellerelenir 3 жыл бұрын
Wonderful remarks about predestination.
@MollerFarm
@MollerFarm 5 ай бұрын
Amazing series ❤
@captainfancypants1877
@captainfancypants1877 2 жыл бұрын
RC was a man in full. Something seldom seen these days.
@gabesmith9171
@gabesmith9171 2 жыл бұрын
10:16 wow this personal testimony is awesome
@musicandcoffee2853
@musicandcoffee2853 5 жыл бұрын
Two giants right there 🌹
@Im_No_Expert_72
@Im_No_Expert_72 3 жыл бұрын
I'm completely reformed in my theology, and I go to an Assembly of God church! I try to inject the doctrines of Grace where I can, anyhow I know the Holy Spirit is there and these people are saved and love God. It sure is nice to rest in the knowledge of God's sovereignty and provision though I will tell you
@nangephriam1211
@nangephriam1211 Жыл бұрын
Amen. I'm also reformed and attending a charismatic church. The Sovereignty of God puts me in peace at heart. Even when a miracle doesn't happen to some people it is okay. They are not lacking any faith and they are not at fault. There is time and season for everything under heaven.
@Cueteman
@Cueteman 5 жыл бұрын
And we know that the Son of God has come, and has given us understanding so that we may know Him who is true; and we are in Him who is true, in His Son Jesus Christ. This is the true God and eternal life.
@carlmoore6674
@carlmoore6674 5 жыл бұрын
Great men. RC was smart, but Gerstner was stellar
@jackuber7358
@jackuber7358 4 жыл бұрын
Absolutely D-lightful!
@achimtitus1545
@achimtitus1545 5 жыл бұрын
They have the same voice☺️
@Xxxxxx19-p1c
@Xxxxxx19-p1c 4 жыл бұрын
Achim Titus so funny! I’ve always thought so, too!🌺
@alexmeyer1262
@alexmeyer1262 4 жыл бұрын
I thought the same thing 😄
@sergioguadalupe755
@sergioguadalupe755 3 жыл бұрын
@@alexmeyer1262 Yes they do.
@JPMartinezBlog
@JPMartinezBlog 5 жыл бұрын
Fantastic.
@LEGASItv
@LEGASItv 4 жыл бұрын
Powerful!
@shakti999
@shakti999 5 жыл бұрын
hallelujah , amen.
@davidfernandez1992
@davidfernandez1992 Жыл бұрын
11:34, John Orr was the mentor of John Gerstner. Also, no it wasn't James Orr, who was a Scottish Presbyterian minister.
@CovenantBlackwatch09
@CovenantBlackwatch09 3 жыл бұрын
It's interesting just how much John Gerstner looked and sounded like James Garner.
@tellsthetruth894
@tellsthetruth894 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for such a beautiful conversation video between two beautiful Christian men. Would you kindly tell me when this discussion took place. Thank you
@209coach
@209coach 4 жыл бұрын
Amen amen🙏🙏
@footsoldier8054
@footsoldier8054 5 жыл бұрын
I want to know God and be known by Him, but i doubt my salvation all the time. God help me.
@JohnO318
@JohnO318 5 жыл бұрын
Read 1stJohn 5:13 over & over. Then John 5:24 & Romans 5:1.
@Frampa
@Frampa 5 жыл бұрын
If you have doubts, then there is a problem, what are your doubts? Do you need confirmation, of your salvation? Look Jesus was victorious on the cross, if not we all would be vaporized already, not even there. We are the proof Jesus was victorious and he paid for your sins entirely. We need to have a relationship with Jesus and God the father not for just prayer time, the entire life, Jesus wants to participate on your entire life, not just in your prayer time. As more you extend your relation with Jesus as more your doubts will disappear. Jesus never break and promises. If you be reborn out of water and spirit you will loose your doubts if you strengthen your relationship with Jesus and depend on his word, his promises and most of all his grace. Don’t make the mistake to earn something you can’t, we can’t we all rely on Gods grace to be justified. Check yourself if you thinking what is good and what is evil, a reborn christian, will always recognize that doing what comes from the light and not from the darkness. If you like the darkness, yes then you need to doubt your salvation but if you seek the light and truth, there is no reason for you to doubt you salvation. Satan always pour out the seeds of doubts. Don’t forget that.
@ronlanter6906
@ronlanter6906 5 жыл бұрын
Repent, pray, read the Bible, seek out believers, pray to God for truth, guidance, and strong faith, help those less fortunate, pray to do God's will-not ours (yours), repent, etc Repeat over and over
@karenshelley8517
@karenshelley8517 5 жыл бұрын
God keeps his promises. All of them.
@atticuscarr6905
@atticuscarr6905 5 жыл бұрын
Great stuff all around, I would like to add; that God didn't waste Jesus when He sent Him. Let me clarify, God sent Jesus to pay for sins and gets glory when people receive that payment through faith. He didn't send Jesus for nothing and therefore is very eager to offer you the free gift provided you are truly contrite and repentant and desperate to know the real and only Wise God. He loves to save sinners for His names sake!
@bobatl4990
@bobatl4990 3 жыл бұрын
Wow
@toughbiblepassages9082
@toughbiblepassages9082 Жыл бұрын
15:04 - 16:20 I think the reason so many Christian’s don’t feel this “drive” is because they do not have the philosophical and historical teachings that deductively proves the God of the Bible.. once you see that and intellectually understand it, it removes every single ounce of doubt, and with that remove.. these truths consume you. Christians have too much doubt still because they have not been taught by the church.
@crucifiedwithchrist9367
@crucifiedwithchrist9367 3 жыл бұрын
At 17m Gerstner says it's abnormal for a genuine Christian to be fundamentally unhappy. I'm struggling with intense bitterness and wish God never gave me life. Hopefully it passes, hopefully God will revive me. I can see myself ending up in Hell because I curse the day I was born and resent God for creating me. I've wrestled with God so much in prayer for Him to put this sin to death, but the devil overpowers me frequently and God's grace doesn't seem there to help when I need it the most. It's not always this way, sometimes I love God, but these seasons of misery are far too frequent while I want to live holy.
@nangephriam1211
@nangephriam1211 Жыл бұрын
I'm also in the same dilemma but I keep on pushing that God will take me through this earthly anxiety and He will restore and bless you in His timing and make you whole. In the end it will be for glory.
@theotherme4120
@theotherme4120 5 жыл бұрын
He sounds like RC’s dad LOL
@jmg5998
@jmg5998 5 жыл бұрын
I love these men, I truly do! But to hear them laugh and mocking state, "If a person is fundamentally unhappy, I would almost guarantee that person isn't converted... it is abnormal for a genuine Christian person to be fundamentally unhappy", breaks my heart! What worldly insensitivity and misunderstanding of the truth presented by God in His Scriptures! Think of Elijah, David, Jeremiah, amongst others, and our Savior & Lord Jesus, Himself a "man of sorrows and acquainted with grief" and "tempted in every way just as we are, yet without sin". I admit and embrace a fruit of The Spirit is "joy & peace", but it is not a disqualification to salvation or fellowship with Christ or His Body, to be lacking joy or peace, even if most of the time. Christians acquainted with sorrow and grief have enough difficulties without the horrific burden of lost salvation assurance! Those are my thoughts.
@randallb6967
@randallb6967 5 жыл бұрын
The key word is "fundamentally." None of those you listed were fundamentally unhappy.
@jmg5998
@jmg5998 5 жыл бұрын
I appreciate your thoughts and agree the terminology is not precise and therefore can be confusing, but after watching this video multiple times, I will still have to respectfully disagree with Dr Sproul and Dr Gerstner’s general premise regarding fundamentally unhappy Christians. God bless you :-)
@Xxxxxx19-p1c
@Xxxxxx19-p1c 4 жыл бұрын
I struggle with depression, severe depression. However, I still feel a degree of sedate joy even in the depths.
@lovenotes8706
@lovenotes8706 4 жыл бұрын
Joyfully sorrow is real. After I repented God took my suicidal thoughts he gave me something to live for and that was Jesus. There is many moments of joy and moments of sorrow and sometimes it's at the same time.
@canecareonline8036
@canecareonline8036 Жыл бұрын
See how the Westminster confession of faith to which these men both subscribed speaks about joy and assurance of faith, but also acknowledging the reality of lost joy etc. "Fundamentally" really is important in the sentence. He means, the Christian cannot be predominantly, most, always, overwhelmingly unhappy their whole life considered. 1. Although hypocrites and other unregenerate men may vainly deceive themselves with false hopes and carnal presumptions of being in the favour of God and estate of salvation, a which hope of theirs shall perish:b yet such as truly believe in the Lord Jesus, and love him in sincerity, endeavoring to walk in all good conscience before him, may in this life be certainly assured that they are in a state of grace, c and may rejoice in the hope of the glory of God, which hope shall never make them ashamed.d a. Deut 29:19; Job 8:13-14; Micah 3:11; John 8:41. • b. Mat 7:22-23. • c. 1 John 2:3; 3:14, 18-19, 21, 24; 5:13. • d. Rom 5:2, 5. 2. This certainty is not a bare conjectural and probable persuasion, grounded upon a fallible hope; a but an infallible assurance of faith, founded upon the divine truth of the promises of salvation, b the inward evidence of those graces unto which these promises are made, c the testimony of the Spirit of adoption witnessing with our spirits that we are the children of God:d which Spirit is the earnest of our inheritance, whereby we are sealed to the day of redemption.e a. Heb 6:11, 19. • b. Heb 6:17-18. • c. 2 Cor 1:12; 2 Pet 1:4-5, 10-11; 1 John 2:3; 3:14. • d. Rom 8:15-16. • e. Eph 1:13-14; 4:30; 2 Cor 1:21-22. 3. This infallible assurance doth not so belong to the essence of faith, but that a true believer may wait long, and conflict with many difficulties before he be partaker of it:a yet, being enabled by the Spirit to know the things which are freely given him of God, he may, without extraordinary revelation, in the right use of ordinary means, attain thereunto.b And therefore it is the duty of everyone to give all diligence to make his calling and election sure;c that thereby his heart may be enlarged in peace and joy in the Holy Ghost, in love and thankfulness to God, and in strength and cheerfulness in the duties of obedience, d the proper fruits of this assurance: so far is it from inclining men to looseness.e a. Psa 88 throughout; Psa 77:1-12; Isa 50:10; Mark 9:24; 1 John 5:13. • b. 1 Cor 2:12; Eph 3:17-19; Heb 6:11-12; 1 John 4:13. • c. 2 Pet 1:10. • d. Rom 5:1-2, 5; 14:17; 15:13; Eph 1:3-4; Psa 4:6-7; 119:32. • e. Psa 130:4; Rom 6:1-2; 8:1, 12; 2 Cor 7:1; Titus 2:11-12, 14; 1 John 1:6-7; 2:1-2; 3:2-3. 4. True believers may have the assurance of their salvation divers ways shaken, diminished, and intermitted; as, by negligence in preserving of it; by falling into some special sin, which woundeth the conscience, and grieveth the Spirit; by some sudden or vehement temptation; by God’s withdrawing the light of his countenance, and suffering even such as fear him to walk in darkness and to have no light:a yet are they never utterly destitute of that seed of God, and life of faith, that love of Christ and the brethren, that sincerity of heart and conscience of duty, out of which, by the operation of the Spirit, this assurance may in due time be revived,b and by the which, in the meantime, they are supported from utter despair.c a. Psa 31:22; 51:8, 12, 14; 77:1-10; 88 throughout; Song 5:2-3, 6; Isa 50:10; Mat 26:69-72; Eph 4:30-31. • b. Job 13:15; Psa 51:8, 12; 73:15; Isa 50:10; Luke 22:32; 1 John 3:9. • c. Psa 22:1; 88 throughout; Isa 54:7-10; Jer 32:40; Micah 7:7-9.
@peggyferder8834
@peggyferder8834 2 жыл бұрын
What year was this?
@youdontsay2181
@youdontsay2181 5 жыл бұрын
Did Dr. Gerstner misspeak when he said if people find the notion repugnant then that's too bad for God not to bad for them?,seems he was making the point it would be to bad for them?
@portsoy2354
@portsoy2354 2 жыл бұрын
No he didn’t misspeak. He was making the point that that is their attitude.
@ovando48
@ovando48 Жыл бұрын
What exact year was that interview?
@deangailwahl8270
@deangailwahl8270 5 жыл бұрын
Does anybody know what year was this?
@jennifercarr7351
@jennifercarr7351 2 жыл бұрын
Frankly those mannerisns seem more closely related to lung disease than anything else.
@joshuatheo1419
@joshuatheo1419 2 жыл бұрын
My guess is that it's also because they were both smokers.
@Chirhopher
@Chirhopher 3 жыл бұрын
at bout 9:50 min in, Dr. G didn't really mention one being unhappy because they are sinning and Are Converted; The LORD Chastens all HIS Children.
@bilbobaggins5815
@bilbobaggins5815 5 жыл бұрын
Jonathan Edward's? What about Athanasius?
@LOT116
@LOT116 5 жыл бұрын
What about him?
@bilbobaggins5815
@bilbobaggins5815 5 жыл бұрын
@@LOT116 He virtually penned the Nicene Creed by himself. Why don't these fools talk about some good theology....like TF Torrance...who considered himself an Athanasian.
@LOT116
@LOT116 5 жыл бұрын
Bilbo Baggins good theology is a pretty broad term. What’s wrong with Edwards?
@bilbobaggins5815
@bilbobaggins5815 5 жыл бұрын
@@LOT116 Sinners in the hands of an angry God? No. God in the hands of angry sinners. That's the Incarnation. Check out C.Baxter Kruger at www.perichoresis.org
@docholliday7548
@docholliday7548 2 жыл бұрын
@@bilbobaggins5815 WRONG
@ONCESAVEDALWAYSSAVED123
@ONCESAVEDALWAYSSAVED123 5 жыл бұрын
Nothing worse then two preachers fanning each others flames. lol What ever happen to the Fried Chicken? lolol
@bilbobaggins5815
@bilbobaggins5815 5 жыл бұрын
Like watching paint dry
@chrisreid2566
@chrisreid2566 5 жыл бұрын
Must be the most exciting paint ever created
@bilbobaggins5815
@bilbobaggins5815 5 жыл бұрын
@@chrisreid2566 nope.....it's off white and smelly
@chrisreid2566
@chrisreid2566 5 жыл бұрын
@@bilbobaggins5815 I'm sorry you feel that way. Watching men of Christ speak on the splendor of faithful living, warms my heart.
@bilbobaggins5815
@bilbobaggins5815 5 жыл бұрын
@@chrisreid2566 Is that the way you normally speak? I rarely use the word splendor in common parlance. These guys bore me to tears.
@chrisreid2566
@chrisreid2566 5 жыл бұрын
@@bilbobaggins5815 There really isn't a better word. You have to enjoy the topic to enjoy the conversation. Edwards is a role model of mine. R.C sproul wrote the book that has helped my prayer life. I care, therefore it's not boring.
Can We Know Truth?: Silencing the Devil with R.C. Sproul and John Gerstner
27:13
Nothing Left to Chance: The Classic Collection with R.C. Sproul
48:15
Ligonier Ministries
Рет қаралды 179 М.
Players push long pins through a cardboard box attempting to pop the balloon!
00:31
The Practice of Love: Developing Christian Character with R.C. Sproul
27:17
Ligonier Ministries
Рет қаралды 126 М.
Guilt and Forgiveness: Pleasing God with R.C. Sproul
27:14
Ligonier Ministries
Рет қаралды 213 М.
Interview with R.C. Sproul: Handout Apologetics with John Gerstner
30:27
What Is Truth?: The Classic Collection with R.C. Sproul
47:20
Ligonier Ministries
Рет қаралды 198 М.