Anatomy of an Frog | Structural Organization of Animals | CBSE Class 11 Biology by Elearnin

Welcome to Elearnin, In this 3d animated videos we will tech you about the Anatomy of Frog from the Class 11 Biology - CBSE - NCERT by Elearnin
In this video you will learn about Earthworm - Morphology
• Morphology of frog
• Anatomy of Frog
• Digestive System
• Digestive Glands
• Feeding and Digestion
• Respiratory System
• Blood Circulation System
• Portal Systems
• Blood
• Integrating System
• Special Senses
• Excretory System
• Reproductive System
#Frog Anatomy #EarthwormMorphology #Biology #CBSE #3dAnimation #Education #Anatomy
The study of frogs is known as Batrachology. They live on land and in fresh water. It is the first land based four legged creature. They originated in the Devonian period and developed during the Carboniferous period.
Anatomy
The body cavity of frogs accommodate different organs which constitute the viscera. These are enveloped by an internal covering called the visceral peritoneum.
Digestive System
The digestive system consists of alimentary canal and digestive glands. The alimentary canal is short because frogs are carnivores and hence the length of intestine is reduced. The mouth opens into the buccal cavity that is short and shallow. Teeth are present at the rim of the upper jaw. The muscular tongue is split in two at the tip. The tongue is attached at the front of the mouth and free at the back. The pharynx opens into the short oesophagus which in turn opens into the stomach. The stomach has the cardiac sphincter at the start and the distal pyloric sphincter. The stomach helps to store and digest food. The first part of the small intestine is the duodenum and the distal part is long and coiled. This is the ileum. The ileum opens into the rectum. The rectum is short and broad. It opens to the outside through the cloaca.
Digestive Glands
The stomach wall has small gastric glands. They secrete gastric juices. The largest gland is the liver. It opens into the duodenum through the common hepatic duct. The bile secreted from the liver is stored in the gallbladder. Bile doesn’t contain any digestive enzymes. The pancreas is a non capsulated, long mixed gland located between the stomach and the duodenum. It secretes pancreatic juices. Duodenal glands secrete duodenal juices.
Feeding and Digestion
The tongue acts by obtaining the food. In the stomach, digestion begins by the action of gastric enzymes in the presence of hydrochloric acid. Partially digested food is called chyme. It reaches the small intestine through the gastric outlet. There, it mixes in the duodenum with bile and pancreatic juices.
Respiratory System
A frog respires through three separate routes.
1. Skin
2. Buccopharyngeal Cavity
3. Lungs
Blood Circulation System
It consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood. The superior part of the torso contains the muscular heart. It contains two atria and a ventricle. It is covered by two layers of pericardium. Arteries supply blood from the heart to the body parts. Three major veins collect blood from the body and send it to the atria. Frogs have incomplete double circulation systems.
Frog has different types of sense organs, namely organs of touch, taste, smell, vision and hearing. Out of these, eyes and internal ears are well-organised structures and the rest are cellular aggregations around nerve endings. The skin has receptors. The small taste buds present on the tongue help in taste perception. They help by jointly acting as smell and taste sense organs.
Excretory System
In order to excrete waste and maintain the water-salt balance, frogs have a well developed excretory system. The excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, ureters, cloaca and urinary bladder. These are compact, dark red and bean like structures situated a little posteriorly in the body cavity on both sides of vertebral column. Only its lower part is covered by the peritoneum. The adrenal glands are located on the lateral side of the ventral surface of the kidneys. Each kidney is composed of structural and functional units called uriniferous tubules or nephrons. From the lower exterior part of each kidney, ureters or Wolffian ducts emerge. The ureters act as urinogenital duct which opens into the cloaca. Frogs mainly excrete nitrogenous wastes as urea. This is way, they are called Ureotelic animals.
Reproductive System
Male reproductive organs consist of a pair of yellowish ovoid testes, which are found adhered to the upper part of kidneys by a double fold of peritoneum called mesorchium. Each testis has millions of seminiferous tubules. They jointly form 10-12 Vasa Efferentia which join the Bidder Canal. Finally it communicates with the urinogenital duct and opens into the cloaca.
The female reproductive system consists of a pair of ovaries, oviducts and a cloaca. The ovaries are adhered to the upper part of kidneys by a double fold of peritoneum. The peritoneum is called ovarian spore. The ends of the oviducts form a broad openings which open separately into the cloaca.