Anatomy & Physiology (60) Features & Function of Vertebral Column | Types of Vertebral Columns

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(01) Intervertebral Disc
The bodies of the adjacent vertebra are separated by an intervertebral disc, consisting of an outer fibrous ring of fibrocartilage and central core of elastic substance.
The disc form strong joints, permit various movement of the vertebral column and absorb shock
Displacement of the intervertebral disc is called slip disc is harmful
(02) Intervertebral foramina
When viewed from side , a foramen formed by a gap between pedicles is seen on each side between every pair of vertebra. This gap form a passage for the spinal nerve, blood vessels and lymph vesicles
(03) The curve of the vertebral column
The side of the vertebral column shows four curves- 02 primary and 02 secondary
The fetus in the uterus shows only a single anterior curve called - the primary curve. The thoracic and sacral curves are primary curves because they form first during fetal development. The secondary cervical curve develops when the infants begin to hold its head (About 03 months after birth) and secondary lumbar curve develops when child sits up, stands up and walk (After 12 to 15 months after birth)
Function of Vertebral Column
The vertebral canal provides a strong bony protection for the delicate spinal cord
The intervertebral disc act as shock absorber and enable various movement of vertebral column
The vertebral column provides support to the body
It forms the axis of the trunk and provides attachments to the ribs, pelvic girdle, shoulder girdle, limbs and muscle of the back
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