Anna Frebel: Origin and Evolution of the Universe, Galaxies, and Stars | Lex Fridman Podcast

[@lexfridman]

Here are the timestamps. Please check out our sponsors to support this podcast. 0:00 - Introduction & sponsor mentions: - Hexclad Cookware: hexclad.com/lex and use code LEX to get 10% off - Numerai: numer.ai/lex - House of Macadamias: houseofmacadamias.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% off your first order 1:02 - First elements 8:11 - Milky Way 11:47 - Alien worlds 14:52 - Protogalaxies 20:05 - Black holes 25:03 - Stellar archeology 34:18 - Oldest stars 42:08 - Metal-poor stars 57:41 - Neutron capture 1:02:37 - Neutron stars 1:08:06 - Dwarf galaxies 1:12:46 - Star observation 1:41:03 - James Webb Space Telescope 1:46:53 - Future of space observation 1:50:02 - Age of the universe 2:03:10 - Most beautiful idea in astronomy 2:06:59 - Advice for young people 2:15:53 - Meaning of life

[@TheBmco99]

Nice Lex 😅 got ya a good looking one you and her would make a great pair she is smart as hell

[@Privacityuser]

"Please research the symbols IN THE FORM OF FLASHES of cosmic radiation that astronauts aboard the ISS SEE when they close their eyes... Advanced civilizations control the timeless photoelectric effect with sacred geometry technology and send signals through gravitational fields of stars! THE PORTAL FOR INTERDIMENSIONAL TRAVEL ARE SOLAR FLARES! Civilizations that do not engage in this type of travel are highly parasitic, which means that when they arrive in a solar system, they are RAVENOUS FOR PROTEINS... poor abductees, they were all FRIED WITH SUBATOMIC RADIATION!"

[@are_records_uk]

Thanks Lex! ⭐💫

[@mikeslemonade]

Space industrial complex, space is fake we can’t get past the firmament.

[@CrystalxGoldn]

The instantaneous exuberance is real

[@jh9496]

That feeling when works getting you down and suddenly a Lex podcast on the universe pops up.

[@JokeswithMitochondria]

I was actually feeling down today and this cheered me up

[@TheChatManChannel]

Lol, You're in good company. What is it with Friday Eve acting like a Monday today...? C'mon, universe! 😅

[@tomhappening]

@@JokeswithMitochondria got curious about your username so cIicked on your profile. Wasn’t disappointed haha

[@anameisntenough]

@@JokeswithMitochondria your jokes cheered me up lol

[@ymgillihan]

Lex is great. He loves knowledge, and people, and getting knowledge through people :)

[@lylemacdonald6672]

Anna is the quintessential example of a brain that is extraordinarily curious, loves to be intellectually stimulated and takes great joy and satisfaction in exploring ideas, data collection and analysis. Her enthusiasm in her field of study is contagious. I am convinced she gets high ratings as a teacher.

[@WalkerEileen-kf2ee]

Surely.

[@Hitmaker649]

The vibe of this guest is contagious,I love how she’s not getting herself so seriously being a very passionate scientist and she’s kinda admitting that anyway it’s not understandable how all this is working together ❤

[@franciscomedinav]

I think we are the only one in this Universe. This is the only place where life exists. "You don't have proof of that!!!... And so the scientists" 😎👽

[@modeanb]

I saw her give a talk at MIT last week and even my psychology degree partner could follow along. She is a genuinely great communicator!

[@jzen1455]

And I appreciate how she's not a woke zombie who parrots the algorithm-influenced hive mind. She's very grounded, self-aware, and self-assured. A no BS matter-of-fact woman with scientifically creative mind.

[@matthiasmayrbaurl2753]

German soul in a nutshell 😂

[@The_Primary_Axiom]

I love her freaking accent.

[@kauffmanba]

Lex, I'll give you credit for finding the most interesting people with the mostly positive viewpoints of the world. This was one of the more inspiring podcasts I've listened to, all the way through to the end.

[@ellajones1239]

You carry a torch for humanity. It’s one of those episodes, which reminds about the most wonderful aspects of being a human. Lex, you light up the humanity in the most meaningful ways. Really enjoyed this and the environmentalists’ episodes lately. Pure light.

[@smithjes303]

Hello 👋

[@paralegal_eagle_eye]

Watching her light up and laugh and smile while talking about these topics is really great to see. Such a fascinating topic! I’ve been obsessed with astronomy for years, so this was right up my alley!

[@sirfer6969]

@@jeremy-b Yep, pretty, smart and funny...a hard combo to beat. All that aside, she has a very interesting take.

[@ztwntyn8]

I’d love to date or be married to someone like her. No more need for KZbin documentaries lmao. Naw bby I don’t wanna do it.. tell me some cool stuff nobody knows about the universe.. now I’m ready!! 😂

[@ZenTheMC]

@@jeremy-b incel detected, opinion rejected

[@thepowerofmyth]

@@jeremy-b yet guys can't laugh and smile 😂 it's not that easy. You'll get their one day incel l

[@robst247]

​@@GabrielWJensen"Astronomy is boring" only to those with neither imagination nor sense of wonder.

[@CuriosityIgnited]

The depth and breadth of knowledge that Anna Frebel brings to the table in this podcast is truly astounding. Her insights into the origin and evolution of the universe, galaxies, and stars are not only enlightening but also serve as a reminder of our place in the cosmos. It's crucial for us to continue exploring these complex topics, as they can shape our understanding of the universe and our role within it. Let's keep the conversation going and continue to support the brilliant minds like Anna who are leading the way in this field. Remember, every star in the sky has a story to tell, and it's up to us to listen.

[@jzen1455]

And I appreciate how she's not a woke zombie who parrots the algorithm-influenced hive mind. She's very grounded, self-aware, and self-assured. A no BS matter-of-fact woman with scientifically creative mind.

[@DanO12345]

Anna is fascinating to listen too because you can hear the sincerity in her love of this field of study.

[@jacobmemusi631]

Since I was a kid, I and my brother used to lie down on the ban outside the house and just observe the distant worlds and stars for hours. I just loved astronomy since then.

[@jacobmemusi631]

@Bass Boss 😂 it is what it is.

[@zedubal]

I didn't know that very heavy elements were not created by supernovae but rather by neutron capture / r-process. I love it that every day there's some new thing I thought I understood but didn't.

[@jtfuller5624]

She is so fascinating! Also her laugh is infectious. Another banger Lex, well done by both parties. See a round #2 for Anna in the future.

[@matt-g-recovers]

I have a blue pitbull named Dahlia that looks just like yours in that picture. ...also have a brindle and 2 Irish Wolfhounds.

[@NikosThDr]

She is amazing at describing scientific concepts and techniques in a popularized form but without dumbing it down! ❤

[@craiglenell]

I LOVE LOVE LOVE the accent every time she says the word "milky" when referring to our galaxy.

[@idatong976]

Very inspiring! "Discovering things is our human nature..." Some look at the sky and see only clouds, others find every dot and spark fascinating. However, it's a comfort to know that we're all staring at the same stars, visible or not, from the same earth. No doubt that we're all one. It appears that all deep thinkers and scientists are pointing to the similar finding - everything is connected or interconnected. I love this episode a lot. Thank you both so much for your inspiration.

[@tyleraviles4518]

I feel like you found your soul mate . One your best guests for sure , love learning with you brother 👌🏽

[@ledarbyromeo9667]

Imagine if she were older, fatter, uglier, etc. Would you still hold that view?

[@danielc196]

Lots of sexual tension in this one. Pretty sure Lex once said 'erect giant' rather than 'a red giant'.

[@davidmarkmann6098]

I have to admit that I fell in love a little bit with this incredibly brilliant, articulate and charming person. So very enjoyable to experience her enthusiasm for her research and her students.

[@HermSezPlayToWin]

What a nice interview. So refreshing to take in a big picture perspective from time to time. 🙂

[@balabani]

The energy that Anna radiates through her discussion is awesome. She is also sincere unpretentious and a wonderful human being and scientist. Thank you Anna. And thank you Lex for bringing out the best in her.

[@sergiomartinalvarez]

Such a positive energy from this lady! I work in astro myself but this whole stellar stuff just sounds a little brighter when it comes from people like her

[@ankitdedhia8460]

Hey buddy! I am a software engineer, but I'm fascinated by these things. Can you suggest any starting points (references or anything) for "astro stuff" (please don't mind the terminology I just used) Thanks. Have a great day! Cheers

[@cainification]

Man she is absolutely memorizing to watch and listen to. I'm completely captivated. I always envy passionate people who get to do what they love every day. But at the same time it fills me with joy...this is what I wish for my 3 year old boy

[@The_Primary_Axiom]

I love universe, evolution, biology, alien and physics talks. These kinds of talks help me sleep. That Donald Hoffman one still one of my favorites. Listened to that one multiple times.

[@nafod32]

I too listen to these while I fall asleep lol. What are your thoughts on Donald Hoffman theories

[@mrwassef]

I am in love with this woman. Her soul is as radiant as the stars she studies.

[@jzen1455]

And I appreciate how she's not a woke zombie who parrots the algorithm-influenced hive mind. She's very grounded, self-aware, and self-assured. A no BS matter-of-fact woman with scientifically creative mind.

[@valberm]

Would

[@haidengeary8277]

@@valberm Cultured man, same.

[@achunaryan3418]

Yeah yeah you lonely nerds😊

[@danp1471]

Nothing like listening to this at 1a.m. after a hard days work. Laying back on a lounge chair in my backyard. It just so happens to be an almost perfectly clear night, here in southeast Michigan. Also the temp is in the mid 50's which is quite fine with me. I always had a fascination with space. I have been blessed to be born into middle class where we were able to take a family trip to Hawaii when i was a teenager. We did a star Gazing Tour up top of a huge mountain. It was a good decade ago so I don't remember the name of it, but we were driving up through the clouds & sh*t. The view up there was truly awe-inspiring. Looking through a top of the line telescope (10+ years ago) was even more amazing. I just really wish I had more time. They were showing us some particular planet & on my very first turn I seen something white quickly shoot across the sky. I was like "whoa, what was that?" I originally just assumed it was a common occurrence, but the tour guide got all excited saying it had to have been a shooting star (something he's never seen once himself, despite giving tours for the better part of his life.)

[@ColinWPLewis]

Such passion and intellect - a great conversation and terrific stickiness. Learnt a lot. Thank you for sharing Professor Frebel's work and ideas.

[@JBPVFL]

Really enjoyed the guest! What an amazing time to be alive, to be able to hear from the people at the top of their fields. Always amazes me getting to be "a part" of the conversation by sitting in and listening to these talks.

[@ummon995]

Lex, you gotta get Anna back on. She's a wonderful soul. Both of you flow so well together.

[@valberm]

Maybe a little bit too well...

[@KodieCVGraham]

This was beautiful. Anna has such an infectious energy. My favourite episode of the series so far ❤

[@aminnourmohammadi5025]

This talk is phenomenal. Thanks Lex for inviting such an amazing scientist.

[@aminnourmohammadi5025]

@lexfridmane The engineering behind the upcoming giant telescopes (currently under construction), especially the “Extremely Large Telescope” is extraordinary. If I may I want to suggest inviting some of the folks who are making these dreams come true to the talk.

[@glenncain]

i like how lex and anna have carried an entire conversation of what could have been a very very greek and jargon-ladened, but with terms and explanation that everyone can actually understand and relate to

[@Lili-fs6sq]

Loved it! I was driving around in the city listening to this conversation and smiling a lot. She's wonderful! Very easy to listen to her talk about complex issues in our Universe. The Universe Archaeologist who likes Heavy Metals because they are the Spices of the Stars :) Thanks for inviting her to your show!

[@tanishshrivastava2442]

Out of curiosity, will you listen to an audio only podcast? Or do you need video to be there?

[@Lili-fs6sq]

@@tanishshrivastava2442 Mainly audio because i listen to podcasts when I'm not at home, but it's nice to see the guests'faces 😊

[@tanishshrivastava2442]

@@Lili-fs6sq Thanks for your thoughts. I thought I should do audio only, since I can't film the videos.

[@johnnuciforo346]

Dear Lex, This is the best Astro talk ever! Answers so many questions I had about the universe, stars and our sun. Thank you so much!

[@Eric.Clay.]

Great interview as usual, thank you! Although I wish you asked her about AI and how it is being integrated in the analysis of all the astronomical data being collected, I feel there is a huge discovery potential there.

[@gypsystargirl6626]

AI will replace human data collection of humans sadly! That is the Plan

[@TheMozzy70]

I think this is the best podcast I have ever watched. Just because Anna Frebel has passionately explained the evolution of the universe and making us realize that we are also a part of this big universe and not just a separate entity.

[@reyjes]

When I look up at the night sky, at the stars and the seemingly endless points of light, it's the opposite of sad; I feel giddy and connected to a larger system. It has never been logical, but I feel a sense of wholeness mixed with endless wonder when I see the stars. Just thinking about that makes me happy, and whole, and connected.

[@JOlivier2011]

Technically only connected to around 6%. Most is accelerating away further and faster than anything known can travel. Unreachable, unconnected by anything other than a common reality

[@LezliByrum]

❤

[@Number_Cruncher]

When I studied at CITA, I've always been wondering, why people would care about stars and galaxies, when at the same time they could care about the universe as a whole. Now I understand that even very small and very close by stars tell their own pristine story about the universe. What an amusing and seemingly colloquial conversation with every word so perfectly chosen and every sentence full of meaning. I'm flashed. Thank you both and the book is ordered and will hopefully let me see the stars even at daylight.

[@catalystnz74]

I re-watched the movie Contact based on the book by Carl Sagan this morning coincidentally before seeing this tonight. This brilliant woman is a real life Dr. Ellie Arroway! Another beautiful and insightful interview Dr. Fridman (as is very typical for you) - the depth and broad dimensions of your knowledge always shines through, often complementing and mirroring the brightest geniuses you host and generously share with us all. Thank you Dear Friend.

[@garyloades5188]

The only bad thing is when he says'thanks for hanging with us guy's at the end of an episode..then ya gotta find something as entertaining enlighting and truthful to watch on the tellbox..totally rad dude❤

[@JRC_86]

I enjoy and appreciate the variety of content that you provide us lucky listeners, Lex.

[@TWO_DOWGS]

each episode i think this was the best i've seen so far, thank you!

[@jmg810]

What an honor to be able to bear witness to this conversation, thank you both for your thoughtfulness and love. You make the world a better place. Blessings to you both in your journey.

[@austinroger4233]

Thank you Lex for having Anna on the podcast

[@ztwntyn8]

I’m in love! I’d never get tired of hearing about her work.

[@Gatoriswhite]

Fell asleep watching youtube last night and this one came up on autoplay. Jesus I was having some trippy dreams about space.

[@missh1774]

I wrote a spontaneous mythic piece in Nate Hagens podcast yesterday with Daniel S. It captures the natural beauty of this ancient human network. The southern night skies are immensely moving, one could easily peer into God's mind. I too wanted to be an astronomer and had a fascination with the periodic elements. I'm glad it has come in handy over the last few years. Thank you Lex and Anna. When at first the shock is taken care of, the work will continue.

[@meghancampbell8504]

Yes! More episodes like this please!

[@smithjes303]

Hello 👋

[@bruceaulabaugh]

That was Lex at his best. Thank you Lex. Goes without saying that Anna is a STAR!

[@ms.buoyant]

Hi Lex! It would be awesome for you to interview someone in their lab so the scientist can demonstrate how the data is collected.

[@MrAluntus]

She is awesome. Thank you for introducing me to Anna.

[@NikitaPolovinkin]

⏱Timestamps for this video! 0:25 - Understanding the Chemical and Physical Conditions of the Early Universe through the Oldest Stars in the Milky Way 8:14 - Understanding Galaxies and Planets 16:11 - Dynamics and Evolution of Proto-Galaxies 18:06 - Stellar Archeology and the Importance of Old Stars 30:15 - Supernova Explosions Enrich the Gas Cloud 31:44 - Old Stars Tell Us About the Early Universe 38:06 - Women Undergrads Collaborate to Find Oldest Stars 47:16 - The Mystery of Supernova Yields and Iron Deficiency 52:37 - Carbon's Significance to the Universe's Birth and Humankind 1:01:18 - The Rapid Process 1:05:26 - Reticulum 2 1:08:13 - Observational Techniques 1:15:35 - The Magical Experience of Observing from Remote Mountain Tops 1:16:50 - Spectroscopy and Stellar Chemistry 1:30:33 - Finding ancient stars in the sky 1:34:57 - Exciting discoveries 1:45:14 - Importance of formulating good questions for quality results 1:52:03 - The philosophical nature of understanding the universe 2:00:55 - Radium and Polonium Discovered Nuclear Fission 2:06:35 - Living a Fulfilling Life 2:15:28 - The Meaning of Life 2:16:18 - The Laws of Physics and the Formation of Life 2:17:10 - Evolution of Disciplines 🧙‍♂✨ Generated with Houdini Chrome extension.

[@ivanjelenic5627]

Nice!

[@davejollota7292]

After three years of disillusionment, interviews like this really help to restore my faith in science. Outstanding!

[@andrewkonireich2862]

"We all stand on the shoulders of Giants..." This women and this conversation tonight was amazing on so many levels. I want to listen to her "artistic play" that she referenced at he end of the show now in that austere, awesome accent. Thanks again for your contribution to humanity Lex. You made my Friday night. You're "The Man", man🤘😎💯

[@shannon462]

I am two weeks behind and something about hearing excitement in your voice Lex. Its hopeful and patient, always the quest of knowledge and perspective and understanding a glimpse closer to our meaning. Genuine laughing hits different!!!

[@JumpingCow]

Stupendous! Mind boggling excitement! Just love this.

[@NomadicBrian]

i love the passion she brings for her work. Always an amazing conversation about our universe, galaxies and stars. Consider how fortunate we are to be. How wonderful it is to be alive, thinking and sharing our thoughts about what its all about. Here I sit listening and writing my code like a grain of sand in a vast desert.

[@mat4042]

Would love to see more women like Anna; in love with what they do, realistic and a dreamer at once. True feminine

[@jzen1455]

And I appreciate how she's not a woke zombie who parrots the algorithm-influenced hive mind.

[@valberm]

Would

[@jackeagleeye3453]

​@@jzen1455 darn which woman triggered you? Lol

[@neanda]

@@jackeagleeye3453 he's making fun of the original comment because mat 404 is thinking that women being smart is somehow special (she's just smart af regardless of being feminine)

[@ledarbyromeo9667]

Majority of the comments here are from men trying to be elegant with their horniness. It's practically only men that are commenting on her looks.

[@bonnieroberts1799]

Stunning. Thank you.

[@issyjas3309]

Good explanation at the beginning of where the matter came from to form the universe. Thank you both

[@Raydensheraj]

Her book ("Searching for the Oldest Stars") is one of my absolute favorites....

[@jonplante7589]

She is great. That was a fun conversation. Nice job Lex.

[@krom9897]

Such an incredible woman. I love her enthusiasm, and although I am not half as smart, I feel I have gained some intellect from this great discussion.

[@PeterBloecker]

Just awesome interview! So exciting, have to find out more …

[@brianhershey563]

After watching this I'm convinced we're in humanity's finest hour. 🙏

[@blakelandry]

Don’t turn on the news then. 😂

[@redgoatfbi1554]

Lex are you still using the same cameras from couple years ago? There are a lot of us who love to couch podcast on 4k TVs & you can notice a difference in how engaging the content is when the visuals are crisp with higher colour bitrate Really feels fresh on the eyes I'd recommend recording in a great 4k camera, then exporting in 1080p with HDR

[@CodexPermutatio]

I love these universe related episodes.

[@simonscott4250]

A very enjoyable watch. Anna has such a lovelly laugh and humor.

[@fabiankempazo7055]

Another german Scientist I got to know only through Lex. 😊 @Lex: when are you bringing in Sabine Hossenfelder???

[@martinpaddle]

please, don't 😂

[@reveilleamerica3589]

Wunderbar !

[@fabiankempazo7055]

@@martinpaddle why? She is a very interesting person with strong opinions.

[@sujidharsugumaran2230]

I am greatly pained when a podcast on such a interesting topic with such a knowledgeable guest is less than 3 hours long 💔

[@Nerodz]

Thank you! Excellent! One of the best science-focused interviews in awhile, Lex.

[@mk7all_in]

Absolutely fascinating & (relatively;) easy to follow conversation. Ab_Fab again, Lex. Brilliant woman & she’s FUNNY!!🔥💥🌟

[@smithjes303]

Hello 👋

[@sofocle80]

Sometimes, all you need is a little bit of Lex :)

[@englishiguana4304]

Im only a few minutes in but already its a great episode!!

[@sergi99075]

She seems to me an amazing intelligent woman. I'm fascinated about how she explains all these complex processes in a so simple way that not only I can understand it but start to feel a genuine curiosity about her field of study. 😯😯😯 Congrats Anna... I'll read your book!!

[@sophocles8761]

She laughs after virtually every statement she makes - she clearly loves her craft

[@whitedog510]

Best “advice for young people” answer I’ve heard.

[@grashoprsmith]

Lex is 🐐

[@gmfan34]

So awesome to listen to a Podcast on the Big Bang and expansion in 2023! 💥✨✨✨

[@7secularsermons]

The stars that shine all night and day, within or out of sight, are what our home, the milky way, appears like from inside.

[@LezliByrum]

I love this. Poetically profound POV.

[@Volkmannx]

Interesting, thank you. I very much like Anna Frebel's cheerfulness!

[@caseyalanjones]

I love how she is constantly laughing at random stuff.

[@NattyDarkSoul]

She's not normal like us, she's special, smart and dedicated.

[@FractalPrismGlass]

One of my favorite guests ❤️✌️

[@joeweiderdasilva4018]

Just amazing!! Thanks for keeping producing such excellent content like this!

[@alexdamman6805]

Avast! what a lovely discussion. I now have a better understanding of where everything on Earth came from. THOUSANDS of star generations to make our Sun? Please keep doing what you are doing to explore these questions. I am immensely grateful.

[@kendigjl]

Listening to this woman is a lesson in how "ordinary" I am. She's a tidal wave of intelligence. She's articulating ideas that are fascinating, in my native language, which she speaks more proficiently than me, with enthusiasm and happiness and humor.

[@polinaln3708]

An amazing interview! Thank you❤

[@TheChatManChannel]

Much needed thought process to get through this work day. Thanks. I watch both ads every time, just so you get paid and can continue creating content. Now that you have the reach you do, I'd like to see more political leaders or maybe the Pope interviewed. Keep up the great work, Lex. 👍

[@huyked]

37:47-37:51 I love her excitement talking about this observation, and her saying, "Dude..." :D

[@merhawiteclemariam1648]

2hrs of pure Nerd Heaven! Thank you Sir Fridman.

[@jordantheman25]

yess!!!! I needed this!

[@ArnoWalter]

I could listen to her all day. As does Lex 😀

[@nathanwaibel454]

She needs to make some merch that says, "Astronomers do it all night long!"

[@pedromarcelo4028]

I love the "some come in the wrong way" and Lex picking on it... cheeky!! 😅 But honestly, and to agree with others, this interview is so awesome!!!!!!

[@andreasberthold1853]

Anna is such a happy nature, you can talk shop with her for nights without falling asleep from boredom 🤩

[@dyslexic_ecnarongi]

So interesting and stimulating! Dr. Frebel's accent is very strange though. It's so slight but so apparent at the same time, quite cool actually.

[@Roguescienceguy]

Strange? She is German. Ofcourse she has an accent. I probably still have one too Ja😉

[@ikust007]

Damn you Lex… you eat all my time … every damn episode is a Jewel to polish and admire , listen to! Thank you 🙏!

[@marcusszewczyk4948]

its about time you had professor Brian Cox on

[@darrengillesdarrengilles8336]

So refreshing to hear a conversation about nothing because that is what we really know about everything.

[@dvdschaub]

Another wonderful interview. Please bring her back someday.

[@Michael-el]

Thank you for doing this. Gives us some perspective.

[@john87442]

She’s speaking my language 😅 everything about the universe and the stars and elements,black holes, planets and everything else people needs more like her or her on their podcasts 😅

[@zDHaZe]

She’s amazin