Basic Anatomy Of The Patella - Everything You Need To Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim

Dr. Ebraheim's animated educational video describing the basic anatomy of the patella.
The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. The patellar tendon attaches the patella to the top of the tibia. The quadriceps muscle is attached superiorly to the patella. A small part of the quadriceps tendon then continues over the front of the patella to become the patellar tendon. The apex of the patella, which is the distal part is nonarticular. This area does give attachment to the patellar tendon.
Several bursae is seen around the patella:
1-Suprapatellar
2-Prepatellar
3-Infrapatellar
The thickness of the patella is about 2.5 cm. The cartilage thickness is about 5 mm in the middle portion (probably the largest thickness of cartilage in the body).
The patella has two articular facets:
a-Medial facet:
•Proper
•Odd: the odd facet articulates with deep flexion of the knee and it is located in the distal medial portion of the patella.
b-Lateral facet: the lateral facet is longer wider, larger and broader.
The two facets are separated by a vertical ridge. The medial facet is smaller (probably half the size of the lateral facet)
The patellar tendon works with the quadriceps to straighten the leg. Diagram showing forces and constraints applied to the patella during its function.the patella increases the moment arm of the quadriceps by moving the muscle insertion away from the joint axis. This will increase the ability of the quadriceps muscle to produce torque around the knee joint. The patella is fully engaged at 40-45 of flexion and the forces at the patellofemoral joint is about 3-5 times the body weight.
When the patient has a displaced patellar fracture or when the patellar tendon or the quadriceps tendon is torn, the patient will not be able to do active extension of the knee.
When the patellar tendon is ruptured, the quadriceps tendon will pull the patella upwards. if the quadriceps tendon is ruptured, the patellar tendon will pull the patella downward.
A complete tear of the quadriceps tendon or the patellar tendon can be identified clinically, however it may show on x-ray. MRI may be helpful.
Rupture of the patella tendon causes patella Alta. Rupture of the quadriceps tendon causes patella Baja (patella infera).
The most common problem after a patella fracture fixation is a painful hardware.
The medial patellofemoral ligament inserts at the medial patella at the upper half and it is a restraint to lateral patellofemoral subluxation. Lateral dislocation or subluxation of the patella can be seen in the “sunrise” view. The specific bony bruise pattern may be seen on the medial aspect of the patella and on the lateral femoral condyle (seen on MRI).
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[@estherssebbowa3043]

Its is certainly " everything you need to know " in under 6 minutes . Thank you Prof Ebrahim

[@mjb4126]

It was helpful! Thanks for sharing your knowledge, Dr. Ebraheim - I love your animations and narrations.

[@japlha]

These videos are very helpful. Thanks!

[@iphone202020220]

Your videos are truly awesome! Thank you for all of this. Much better than the lectures.

[@KNGTTO]

thank you for this! very helpful video series!

[@Emadagban777]

Thanks, doctor. Excellent explanation.

[@trautekorthopaedics3727]

Great video, very useful, many thanks !

[@komatsumoto4571]

This is the best lecture I've ever seen on this topic. Thank you so much, Dr. Ebraheim!

[@j-j-j6]

Excellent session. Thanks a lot Sir. I just saw a similar case of medial patello femoral subluxation. Thank you 🙏🏼

[@belgianshepherddog5047]

Excellent. Thank you for uploading.

[@anmolmenon681]

excellent explanation of how sesamoid bone works....

[@charlesmunyoro633]

excellent

[@doctorofmedicine1113]

ur really the osm ...no.words .... thanks

[@user-rl2xu4ye4w]

Very helpful thank you so much

[@suzhentan]

Awesome!

[@Narjahanam666]

Thanks 🙏🏻 awesome explanation

[@dzmalekvali1110]

Shoukran Dr nabil

[@Taylormayd02]

Extremely Helpful.....Thx

[@sahakmedia3572]

Sir, your videos make my concepts clear,you are one of the best teachers

[@syedafarhatfatima4091]

Wow super video... Really it is informative

[@khushbuluhar11]

Thank you so much

[@arthurkarapetov3239]

Thank you! It was helpful.

[@sreeragp.s5506]

Thanks for good information

[@weelysharm8649]

Thank you so much it's so helpfull Ich bedanke mich

[@shuklakapoor3761]

Thanks Doctor.

[@nabukalusandra1119]

Thank you so much 💕💕💕

[@olympiabee]

Dang this was a REALLY good video!

[@user-pc2in7md4k]

شكرا❤️

[@7a15f6]

Thank you 💜🔐

[@janmorton8640]

thankyou i find your videos useful. i cannot find a physician as yet but cannot walk due to rom esecially in left knee (both patellae are subluxated laterally) they seem too big to fit in patellar groove. the l patllae is lodged solid somehow and the rom is stuck on that knee makine straightening impossible as yet.. there is a fibroma also about the size of what you would expect the patella to be but the pain and swelling at the mcl is lessened now on both knees with knee plasters. while i am waiting for someone in this area is there something you might suggest ....what is your charge for a consultation? thanks. janS

[@shaiklathifmunnisha1426]

It was actually very helpful

[@ChloeClive]

What does .4cm focus intermediate T2 signal within the lateral pateller facet cartiliage with a small amount of subchondral marrow edema in the lateral pateller facet mean? I am nearly unable to put weight or straighten. I tried to find out in this video but no injury or tear.

[@Narjahanam666]

Nice man 👨

[@abdoelshahawi1167]

شكرا جدا على اابطؤ

[@serenloailoai2806]

My favourite❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤

[@docpadma]

hi, what happens during total knee and when patella is removed? where do these tendons then attach?

[@mthembu1020]

To each other you have to assume.

[@breeziegarrett7177]

I had a knee replacement surgery and this happened does it happen much

[@pinkboocute117]

Is patella a hard bone?

[@hindustanmerijaan9657]

does patellar cartilage varies from person and person and across the two genders...

[@mohankrishna_mon]

Anyother non-medico who read "knee surgery" somewhere and your exploration brought you here and now, after watching this video, out of nowhere you have some knee discomfort?

[@WikoSunny-pl4qn]

อธิบายภาษาไทยมีไหม

[@brilliantfuture1841]

Excuse me Patellar ligament not tendon .

[@raghavendargoud.6366]

🙏🙏😪

[@amreyaelham8536]

please.I.m.now.EnglLsh.

[@karanjaiswal9155]

Achha h

[@sydneyhunt6681]

Do knee cap get taken out by this anyone please respect 😎

[@scottvzing959]

I just checked here after Patrick Mahomes’ injury