Ben Heck's Apple 1 Replica Part 1

[@metroiddude123]

LOTS of inaccuracies about Steve Jobs' contribution to the development of the Apple I and Breakout. The short version of the real story is: Steve Wozniak is a genius of an electronics engineer who built (arguably) the first modern PC. He also hung out with a guy named Steve Jobs whose talents lay in business and marketing, and who once cheated him out of of some money after single-handedly developing Breakout for Atari (and as a favor to Jobs). Otherwise, good video.

[@OtakuNoShitpost]

The story I heard had Jobs doing the busy work for breakout (such as wiring and soldering) while the Woz did more of the design aspect. And Jobs only cheated him out of the bonus for getting under 50 chips iirc.

[@larsvargstrand6749]

No, Steve Jobs really tricked him of a lot of money. Steve Jobs claimed the Breakout game gave 1400 dollars that they would split equal, but they really got 5000 dollars. So Jobs gave Wozniak 700 dollars and kept 4300 dollars for himself. Also, Steve Jobs only helped with inserting the components on the bread board.

[@twjung]

Jobs wasn't asked to design Breakout. Nolan Bushnell had already designed it but it used a lot of chips and was going to be expensive. So Bushnell offered Jobs a huge bonus if he could improve its flagship arcade game, "Breakout" - specifically, a bonus of $100 for each TTL chip removed from the design at a time when arcade games typically used around 170 chips. Jobs bragged that he could do it no problem, but ended up going to Woz to redo the design. He told Woz he only got $700, giving Woz $350, for it when in reality he was paid $5000.

[@sirmeme1135]

That is 110% correct.

[@joshcopeland]

Steve Jobs was a HUGE douchebag! All hail the great and powerful Woz!

[@sk8lie]

Wait... Woz did breakout.. Jobs just got the credit. Man, why cant the world give Woz the credit he deserves.

[@ScottBeebiWan]

+Leon Moody Well, Steve Jobs documentary. Now they know.

[@HockeyCrab]

Because Stevie is the CEO

[@sirmeme1135]

Well its not to late; Woz is alive ,unlike Jobs (He's dead.).

[@jastervoid]

Singing the montage song is so much better than an actual montage. Thanks, Ben! Made my day.

[@scaredfolks5923]

Mind blown. I work in IT but now I feel like I just spent a year in an Engineering course but it has only been 20 minutes. Thank you for being a great teacher I never was able to understand most of this stuff until I watched your content! I am going to build a PI into a mechanical keyboard and make a new age commodore 64.

[@lnxcthlc]

Great configuration of wiring on the back of the processor board. Very pleasing to the iBall.

[@MichielHaisma]

Great way to show off how you can get really close to the digital signals on a bus, and really connect the programming and the electrical side of this story. I'm definitely staying tuned for part 2!

[@crosenblum]

This brings back so many memories. My first computer was the Apple ][+. This build means so much nostalgia to me. Thank you so much!

[@fristysOriginal]

More like Woz designed and built it and Jobs sold it, but OK :D

[@strra]

you beat me to it

[@strra]

also, Woz wrote Breakout... Jobs stole it.

[@luisdanielmesa]

We had WOZ on campus to give a talk (and promote his iWoz book) and I felt angry about the story he was telling... "you're brilliant but we don't need you anymore now that we have money to hire other people"

[@DanielEisterhold]

Luis Daniel Mesa Velasquez What school?

[@luisdanielmesa]

***** ITESM in Monterrey, Mexico, I was giving programming lab and I thought it was going to be awe inspiring, but no, it was kinda "this is life, some people are nice, some people are shit, deal with it". He spoke about his plane accident and how everything went downhill after that. I got the book signed, you get some drama inside of it apart from the wins.

[@TheRealObiWahn]

Awesome. I really liked the Z80 build, so I'm stoked to see that you take such a project again.

[@Leonelf0]

"Moniter"? :D By the way, why do you never use colored wire? that'd be great for distinguishing buses

[@krystofmigdalski2921]

+Daniel Svegert you mean moneter

[@DanielSvegert]

Reptilian Brotherhood No, definitely not moneter.

[@nickhubbard3671]

At 5:12 you state there are 65535 bytes addressable. In fact there are 65536 [0..65535]. Please add some decouplers too! Thanks for your videos!

[@GothAlice]

My gods, the wire-wrap prototype boards. The moment you started soldering breakout wires I started getting flashbacks. An Apple I is simple enough, but the Mac prototype boards were incomprehensible rats nests of glory; and choosing to use all black wires is straight baller, Ben. We don't need no labelling, here! XD

[@xlar54]

"we didnt need a keyboard...we didnt need a display" but you did need a $10,000 oscilloscope ;) But nice work dude.

[@CB3ROB-CyberBunker]

funny. i can assure you my 40 year old-ish 4mhz scope can handle it just as well. (as long as you don't insert the 14mhz xtal oscs ;)

[@atariman72]

"MONITER". I laughed.

[@MrTree1779]

This video (and others like it) is to computers, what woodworking is to furniture, or what animal husbandry is to groceries. As in: I get the general idea of what Ben Hack is doing, yet I have *no* idea how to do this myself. But I still appreciate watching skilled people go "old school", making rudimentary (and often more robust) versions of household items which I simply purchase at the store and expect to work as described. Barring the apocalypse and a reset of human progress, do we *need* do learn things like this anymore? Nope. But really do I respect people who can still grasp the basics.

[@SerSyn]

Items made by man always will be better than machine-man.

[@MrTree1779]

I dunno. Hand-made things are great in their appropriate setting, but I do like my machine made devices much better than anything a human hand could comparably craft. Our modern world was built around interchangeable, high-tolerance machined things, and it's only through our modern world that we get KZbin! :)

[@jackhanson1852]

+MrTree1779 what you're saying is true, however, with out hand made prototypes and human creativity, will we advance?

[@tHaH4x0r]

finally a proper electronics project. You get my thumbs up ben.

[@Bakamoichigei]

6:57 Let us not forget that Jobs basically outsourced the design of Breakout to Woz, and-- knowing how bloody brilliant Woz is --negotiated a fat bonus for keeping the chip count down on the game...not only 'neglecting' to tell Woz about this bonus, but also flat out lying about what the job was worth so he could look like a good buddy by offering an even split, and then pocket the difference. #JobsWasKindOfADick

[@Vynncent]

Correction: It was Wozniak who did all of the stuff with the computers, Jobs was there for sales

[@kylek29]

Built by the Woz and sold by Jobs.

[@Gauravchawla2560]

United by the steves

[@snorman1911]

This us awesome. I never realized you could build something like this on a breadboard. As a software guy this just seems insanely messy and tedious! Can't wait to try it.

[@SamEvansCOM]

Where can you get the wires that are glued to the board(the flat ones with open metal and no insulation)

[@SimmeringPotpourri]

What a great project. One of Ben's best!!

[@nychold]

*TECHNICALLY*, it's 65,536 bytes. The highest possible address is 65,535. Always remember to count your zeros. :) Also, another option to make things work well would be to use a 64K (or larger) ROM chip, and put the data that's supposed to be at $C000 at $C000 in the ROM chip. It requires a bigger ROM chip (which can actually be used to your advantage later), but it keeps things nice an organized while you're debugging.

[@JaredConnell]

great video I was just thinking of doing my own just like this and stumbled on this video. I'm surprised I never watched it before, I thought I'd seen almost every Ben heckler episode

[@Retrocomputernerd]

Cool project, after watching this, your Atari 800 videos, and the specky project it occurred to me that it would be a really sweet project if you could make an "ultimate" 8 bit computer and combine compatibility of the popular 8 bit machines that use the 6502 processor. Maybe they could share processor, ram, and other bits, but select which machine they run at power up somehow to then tap into the other unique chips that make them all different.

[@PonyCreepers]

am i the only one that just sits and and nods to everything, even though i have no clue whats being said?

[@ithaca2076]

Yep

[@linusevosonic]

Breakout wasn't created by Steve Jobs it was Woz. Wozniac was the genius at Apple building the entire Apple 1&2 Jobs just an salesman. Better read Steve Wozniacs Biography some time.

[@another3997]

There are two sides to every story, and I doubt Woz is immune to adding a few embellishments and exaggeration, any more than most people. Certainly Apple would not exist had it not been for Jobs and his business acumen. Which is why Apple brought him back to rescue it from oblivion. After some aborted attempts at redesigning Apple OS, Apple finally bought NEXT, whose OS should become OS X.

[@brandon-butler]

Yes! This is the episode I always wanted after seeing the spectrum one :)

[@ilaserbia]

Will you be making a schematic for this board so that we can connect it correctly?

[@einarabelc5]

That Oscilloscope is ridiculously good looking. I don't know about the measurement stage but does it come with Matlab too?

[@MrKevinp0]

Very interesting build Ben! Can't wait for part two. Also love the outtakes at the end of the video. How Alison could sit there with a straight face, I just don't know! I'd be busting up laughing every time! Great job as always!

[@PCNeuverdrahter]

Hmm. Doesn't that memory layout stop you from overwriting the IRQ, NMI and RESET vectors (iirc last 6 bytes of adress space) ?

[@QuantumFluxable]

Jeez, Ben, why do you go through the trouble of hand wiring the memory like that, just make a PCB. Yea, I know, this is more flexible, but if you add an unpopulated hole to each pin of the components, it doesn't take that much more space and you have just the same flexibility to add in stuff or debug later.

[@letsgocamping88]

An ideal use for their pcb prototyping setup

[@Robonza]

I would have wire wrapped it myself much faster than making a pcb or point to point. Also if you make a mistake you just unwrap it and move the wire.

[@devjock]

Robonza I subbed because of the 3d printer video's. Nice one!

[@PascalSignifica]

The day has come! I've been waiting so long for this video :D

[@captiand387]

im sill confused how o wire the chips together (ram Rom CPU)

[@MichielHaisma]

I love the skits. I'd just watch it for that, o no wait it gets even better!

[@SuperSmashDolls]

>Woz hand assembled the monitor and that's insane This is actually more common than you think. I'm currently disassembling a translation patch for Telefang because, up until a year ago, we didn't have an assembler; and we don't actually know what we changed in our patches. Literally everything was done by hand. I suspect a lot of other romhack projects are handled the same way.

[@StarTrooper47]

so that separate sheet of paper are those hex values?

[@TofranBohk]

Have you considered building a Sliders Timer replica? :-)

[@antoniopetito]

I second that.

[@joshevans2857]

Hey Ben, could you post the documentation that you used to design and build this? Please it would be much appreciated as I'd love to make one and I'm unable to find anything online:( Thanks

[@YF501]

Even Ben Heck had a montage! Mooooooontaaaaaaageeeeeeee!

[@arcadeuk]

This is more like it Ben! What a great project!

[@flatfingertuning727]

One thing I've long wondered is whether some simple wiring mods could have allowed the processor to output data to the display faster if it injected data into the shift registers at just the right time [the normal design would latch a byte of data from the CPU and then have hardware clock it into the shift register at the right time]. Even if the CPU wouldn't be fast enough to write two consecutive bytes in the same frame, it might be able to inject every tenth character or so. Apple I computers are too rare to be worth hacking with for such experiments, but a recreation that uses shift registers might be interesting to experiment with.

[@ConnorCiecko]

Ben, where did you get all the components for the project?

[@someoneyoudontknow106]

Connor Ciecko EBAY !!

[@someoneyoudontknow106]

Hackeras 32 (or Amazon)

[@CB3ROB-CyberBunker]

"timer circuit" for reset? never heard of dallas econoresets (DS1813+ for example) ? i know 'timer circuits' and 'rc circuits' and contraptions with zenerdiodes were the shit in those days but there are proper reset chips around nowadays, which only take a single to92 component, that also pull reset if there are brown out conditions while it runs. timer circuits do -not- monitor the voltage. (analog devices has something simular in 8 pin narrow dip)

[@snooze3100]

Can anyone tell me, how complicated and/or difficult it was for Jobs and Wozniak to originally make this computer? How did they program the chips for example? This seems like such a simple job for Ben, but considered they originally had to design it from scratch, it had to be a lot time consuming, right? Thanks :)

[@spicydeath82]

not really from scratch, there was a lot of home brew computer clubs back then. a lot of the ideas in the first apple came from what others had done before, wozniak just put it all together( I believe wozniak worked for ibm at that time). A good movie to watch is pirates of silicon valley, doesn't get to technical and maybe inaccurate but gives you a pretty good idea of how it all came together.

[@spicydeath82]

***** ah, hp. i remembered he worked for a computer company. i think i thought it was ibm because of how much jobs hated them and viewed them as the enemy.

[@snooze3100]

Thanks for the comments! I'll be sure to check out the movie once I have time :) Thanks!

[@Coloradoguy234]

***** Can you blame him? Pirates didn't sugar coat who Steve Jobs was. I'm sure that infuriated him.

[@Coloradoguy234]

***** In essence Steve Jobs was nothing but a really good used car salesman. Complete with no ethics.

[@MichalJacekJurek]

How can i build my replica ? Can i get a schematic and all what i need ?

[@battlecitygym5863]

is there schematics for this build? and where can I find them

[@TeodorD]

Hello Ben, what kind of wires do you use for this project? single strand or multiple strand? what gauge. Thanks in advance;)

[@andrewmccarter4678]

Do you have a schematic of the work you did, or are you just using the Apple 1's schematic from the user manual?

[@gaming-zombie1392]

Cool, the Apple 1 can't wait... Love Mac always...

[@MyShopNotes]

lol, I used to write in hex (machine language) until I found out assemblers existed. I think you meant an assembler and not a compiler. Great vid, brought back lots of old memories. Like when I wrote my first hex editor for disk sectors on my cp/m machine. Or debugging my microcode using a 1630d logic analyzer.

[@carlosbrito5369]

what's the chip that has the BASIC program?

[@darksam1212]

Could we get the design files online?

[@palemacaroon4836]

The 6502 was not used in the Commodore 64. The C64 used a 6510 cpu.

[@louvelpaul2290]

Watched this show when i was 14. My love for programming and electronic comes from jere…

[@WamWooWam]

What's with the how-to style? I prefer the random ben heck stuff.

[@GenesisGameGenie]

This was a really interesting video! I'm looking forward to the next one. Maybe when you're done, you can make a simple custom designed computer. Maybe something with a Z80, or even a 68K!

[@saifer666]

do you know where I can present a project for ben ? I realy want him to take a look a the piPhone that some Irish dude made few month ago. to make a nice case, get off want the project don't need and such. take a look : PiPhone - A Raspberry Pi based Smartphone

[@SianaGearz]

Yeah, there's a ben heck show subforum on Element14. Your odds are high that he or the production team will see that.

[@Wouter_wat]

Are you going to install System 1 or so on it?

[@NaokisRC]

This is Apple 1, not Mac 1. Two different computers and the mac runs on an M68k

[@anch1994]

How can we do this? Can we buy a kit somewhere?

[@JacGoudsmit]

There are kits for computer replicas available online in various places. For example Vince Briel at Brielcomputers.com sells the Replica 1 which emulates the Apple 1 in what looks like the same way Ben is working on. I myself am working on a kit called "Propeddle" that uses a 6502 and a Propeller to replicate/emulate many different 6502 computers from the late 1970s and early 1980s. See www.propeddle.com.

[@octonezd]

Is there a text guide for the replica?

[@RetrospillBlogspotNO]

This is such a great show! Thanks Ben Heck! :)

[@Nickalaich]

What rom and ram were used?

[@matthewzepess5721]

how much did it cost to complete this project?

[@matthewzepess5721]

and how long did it take you?

[@jonahlehner3855]

Where did Ben find the hex file?

[@cesarau4]

where can I get the code to 6502?

[@박재우-k2k]

what ROM and RAM did you used??

[@charliebrown1976]

I am genuinely concerned for Ben Heck's mental health. Some of those sounds he makes are kind of weird.

[@teacherinthailan6441]

Great video! I really learnt a lot from it. Thanks.

[@jasonpowell6091]

So Ben, why did you spend all that time wiring the ram, rom, and cpu like that with all of those wires instead of just etching into the pub board, wouldn't it been a 1000 times easier?

[@jumhig]

Awesome interesting video Ben. Can't wait for part 2 :) I would love to try build an Applie I or 8-bit computer myself. Thanks for the inspiration. (PS: How much harder would it be to build an Apple II from scratch, or even upgrade your Apple I to an Apple II?)

[@tomcombe4813]

why use the woz monitor instead of just having it boot straight into BASIC

[@7cleverboys]

was basic even a thing then? edit: nvm

[@tomcombe4813]

poopboy123456 yes the apple 1 ran a version of BASIC

[@lnro4494]

Ben, I bet you know what Windows 8.1 is or atleast voice recognition for 7 ya inow

[@peberdah]

Why not extend this Apple board with a SD disk extension as cassette? for few bucks make it infinetly usefull.

[@ImaginationToForm]

Neat. This seemed like a good place to use laser method though.

[@justy256]

I love this! I started as a 13 y/o in 6502 assembler on an Apple ][

[@thingyee1118]

Awesome. Building something old by your self. Ben you should use those "dream boards" in your videos.

[@MyAulos]

4:53 You spelt monitor wrongly.

[@CB3ROB-CyberBunker]

5:40. spelled "MONITER" wrong :P

[@lazylazyjoe1]

At 12:50, he's singing a South Park/Team America song. Excellent.

[@sundhaug92]

Kruzader was not a part of the original Apple 1, but is a part of the Replica 1

[@darthglobe4285]

Reading so many comments below reminds me how much hate Apple and Steve Jobs get. No doubt Apple is getting expensive and are almost every year removing the features which customers love (from headphone jack(which many company started removing) to that magnet thingy to protect the cord charging the laptop.), but one cannot simply take the credit away for them for somethings they really gave to the world. Ah! now people will say that I am an Apple boy and an iSheep. Well, I still use my Nokia 2703 C1 because it still does the job (idiots are they who change their tech every second year.) And yes, I do agree that many Apple stuff is overhyped. Now someone will say that they copied Xerox's work. Well, even Microsoft did that. As Bill said to Steve once, "We both ripped of their work. But it was all about who did it first." Coming back too the topic of role of Jobs in creating Apple 1, well it was a good one. Not comparable to Woz's role, but it was IMPORTANT. Why? Because he (Jobs) not only provide Woz with chips (Intel DRAM) at very low costs, but also gave him ideas of adding a disk drive to it, to make it into an ARPANET terminal, and to sell the stuff out so that HISTORY CAN REMEMBER THE NAME WOZNIAK. No doubt, that move by Jobs of keeping the bonus all by himself was a bad thing. Truly bad. But as Wozniak puts it, " I am a kind of guy who gets butterflies in his stomach when he has to take to a room full of people." Our lovely introvert, down to earth Woz might not have been known to anyone had he not got clever friend like Jobs. And do remember that Jobs was the one who soldered stuff out "because we had no chip to loose." I would like to type out some lines from the book iWoz (I could have from Isaacson's, but I wanted to show what our lovable Woz thinks of Jobs), 1. "Then after a few days later I got AMI DRAM's working, Steve called me at work. He asked me if I would consider using Intel DRAM's instead of AMI. "Oh, Intel's are the best but I could never afford them." , I told him. Steve said to give him a minute. He made some calls and by some marketing miracle he was able to score some free DRAM's from Intel-unbelievable considering their price and rarity at that time. Steve is just that sort of person. I mean, he knows ho to talk to a sales representative. I could never have done that; I was way too shy." 2. " And then he told me something he had noticed: the people at Homebrew, he said, are taking the schematics, but they don't have the time or the ability to build a computer that's spelled out in the schemtaics...." "He said, " why don't we build and then sell the printed circuit boards to them?"..." "But Steve had a good argument. We were in his car, and he said-and I can still remember him saying this like it was yesterday: "Well, even if we loose our money, we'll have a company. For once in our lifetime's we will have a company." For once in our lives, we'd have a company. That convinced me. And I was excited to think about us like that. To be two best friends starting a company. Wow. I knew right the that I would do it. How could I not." So I would just say this: everyone has faults. Some greater than other. But you gotta understand the work people do, and stand in their shoes. If you think you can do better, go on criticise them. Tell the big shots where they went wrong. But if you are someone who just believes the other guy, and not the original sources, then buddy, you gotta do your homework. Read that book, iWoz. It's a great book. You will get to know a lot about the history of Apple, Woz's relationship with Jobs, and above all Woz's love for electronics. As an electronics lover myself, he is my hero, but I don't just idiotically criticise Jobs, just like I cannot criticise the dealer at my school for being rude, even though he brings us the tools we need at great prices.

[@tubical71]

Cool idea, to re-build a 6502 computer;) Why you din´t go the way as all the others had gone that days built up a proto board? I´ve used the old school *wire-wrapp* method. As it´s way easier and the lacquer-coated copper is by far more easier to solder and to re-wire in case of some error(s). Here´s a little how to: Intro to Wire Wrapping And here´s what had going on with Pro wire-wrapp boards: Handmade WireWrap Card 1978 - Amazing ! Good work, anyway!

[@cesarau4]

Where can I get schematics ??

[@HammadAljeddani]

Awesome Video .. cant wait for the next part :)

[@adamz1671]

I would love to be able to do what you do, but it just seems so complicated. :l

[@BrainSeepsOut]

A Mac with 32k of RAM! Would've cost an arm and a leg back then!

[@morise907]

Hey Ben, i really like your videos thanks for making them and sharing so many great projects with us :) Could you please upload your schematics for your Apple 1 Replica? (Yeah i know that there are tons of schematics out there for apple1 replicas but i like this one here ). Would be really nice, thanks. :)

[@szymon1051]

How build own theremin?

[@Existensmaximum]

As usual, great and inspiring!

[@unebonnevie]

Suggestion: Use different wire colors for address lines and data lines.

[@cessnachannel4285]

anybody now what diodes hes using???

[@banama1758]

cant wait part 2

[@seljd]

I think that by saying "build by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak" he meant Wozniak build it and Jobs was watching and thinking how to sell this thing

[@KK-jb1fy]

I can't get over the fact that you spelt monitor with an e.

[@luisdanielmesa]

0:25 what would com..."pear" *looks at an apple*

[@mOczakowski]

fun fact: the Nintendo NES cpu is based on the 6502 cpu (almost identical) and manufactured by Ricoh ;D

[@chucknorris687]

cost?

[@strkilla89]

Steve jobs would want all of those wires better sorted

[@00Klingon]

He was a perfectionist.

[@strkilla89]

blahblahblah mr.freeman and now the companies ceo is gay. And they keep making more colourful products. Coincidence I think not.

[@MaximNightFury]

Dami Nooki surprised they didn't bring back the rainbow logo