Betül Kaçar: Origin of Life, Ancient DNA, Panspermia, and Aliens | Lex Fridman Podcast

[@lexfridman]

Here are the timestamps. Please check out our sponsors to support this podcast. 0:00 - Introduction & sponsor mentions: - House of Macadamias: houseofmacadamias.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% off your first order - Mizzen+Main: mizzenandmain.com and use code LEX to get $35 off - Eight Sleep: www.eightsleep.com/lex to get special savings - ExpressVPN: expressvpn.com/lexpod to get 3 months free - GiveDirectly: givedirectly.org/lex to get gift matched up to $1000 - Blinkist: blinkist.com/lex to get 25% off premium 0:56 - History of life on Earth 9:00 - Origin of life 31:47 - Genetic language of life 44:43 - Life and energy 55:26 - Ancient DNA 1:14:24 - Evolution 1:25:55 - Alien life 1:53:55 - Panspermia 2:00:17 - Restarting life on Earth 2:12:58 - Where ideas come from 2:20:30 - Science and language 2:29:07 - Love 2:30:30 - Advice to young people 2:35:04 - Meaning of life

[@youngdegenerate]

Interview Shia LaBeouf. Not Andrew Tate 💩

[@naomidoner9803]

Lex Fridman...you look tired....please rest.....the world needs you healthy

[@dbcooper1435]

Is she single? of similar age... why not.

[@virusO1OOOOO1]

This genius lady and Paul Stamets would be very interesting conversation.

[@ladym2061]

Thank you, what a wonderful guest!

[@piquitojuno3383]

Yes, indeed..very impressive both of you. But the young lady easily surpasses every expectations..So brilliant, her humanity is on every word she spelled..I am not tired of listening to her!..Thank you, Lex, for having her in your podcast…

[@sipatron6141]

2:36:50 - Betul Kacar on the meaning of life: "Let me just put it this way: Because there is, I think, so much unfairness going on, I wouldn't even dare myself to think there is a meaning, out of respect to the ones that are suffering." You don't hear everyday something this profound, humane and humbling from a person in her position. Thanks for the interview, and for letting us know about this wonderful scientist and fellow human being.

[@hmehdi2644]

Betul has already put a meaning to her life by showing empathy to those who suffer. But isn't her pursuit of knowledge is what makes her life meaningful ?

[@sipatron6141]

@@hmehdi2644One possible interpretation: for as long as there is unfairness, suffering or cruelty, our individual or collective endeavours and achievements amount to nothing, they are meaningless. It does not follow that in the meantime anyone should remain on the sidelines.

[@husamhamu8112]

​@@sipatron6141 well don't you think we would be showing even more respect to the ones that are suffering if we believed there is a meaning of life and there is going to be a day of judgment in which they would be treated fairly and not horribly as it was here in this life ? :)

[@sipatron6141]

@@husamhamu8112 No, I don't. Each and everyone of us should do what we can in this regard while we live, even more so if you subscribe to the notion of some transcendental agency to finish the job (which I don't). Again, this is just one possible approach which barely touches the surface of the statement I quoted, and youtube comments section is hardly the place for deeper discusion. Besides, who cares what I think, you better watch the interview a couple of more times, imho. Enjoy! :)

[@husamhamu8112]

@@sipatron6141 hahah allright. Thanks

[@MysteriousHoodedFigure]

Omg, she s amazing. I ve understood so many things more clearly thanks to her now. We need another round Lex!! Bring her back please.

[@DavidCastillaGil]

I would talk to this woman for hours and hours! She clearly loves what she does and wants to share the knowledge/love with the world. What an amazing person.

[@darwinboor1300]

Betül and Lex, thank you. One of life's great pleasures is listening to an honest interview and discussion between two polymaths. You took me for a walk from the science of the origins and language of life on Earth to the humanities and as you said the wisdom on the wall of a Turkish bathhouse. If we could only impart these insights on all, humanity would be sweeter and better for it.

[@JK-ir2yo]

"If you want to benefit from all human power ... you need to include everybody on the table." That was so simple and profound. I think I'll remember it for the rest of my days.

[@FighterFlash]

ChatGPT has entered the chat.

[@HashHyped]

I ABSOLUTELY LOVE THIS WOMAN!!!! The intelligence, curiosity, ableness to portray them is amazing….

[@oguzhan9424]

Its normal, she is Turkish ❤🇹🇷❤

[@polekia]

I’m in love with her also 🫠😍

[@BPantherPink]

​@@polekia Meee toooi...such a cute face n expressions !

[@saaddabish1]

​@oguzhan9424 I am going to vacation in turkey for the second time after I feel in love with it and it's people on the first visit. It's my favorite destination. Ataturk rocks.

[@oguzhan9424]

@@saaddabish1 I wish you the best of holidays in beautiful Türkiye, hope you have a wonderful time! Atatürk rocks indeed, hope Erdogan wins the elections tomorrow 🫣

[@endreverland811]

In a series of incredible episodes, this is my favorite. The seamless blend between deep knowledge, passion for the subject and playful joking made this the perfect episode. Thank you kindly, both of you, for sharing this with the world :)

[@stopthink9000]

WOW!!! This was mind-blowing. If we as humans spent more time having conversations like this we could solve all our problems. The thought that LUCA occurred and 3.8 billions years later two random iterations of its progeny met and had a discussion contemplating its origins, mechanisms and significance is beautiful.

[@ismailmounsif1109]

There is no proof that we existed 3.8 billion years they assume this atheist scientists fools

[@piquitojuno3383]

She is extremely brilliant! What a personality. Impressive!

[@buragorn535]

I am Turkish too and I would always get inspired by people like her from my country.When I was entering highschool I just wanted to be a physicist and always looked to people like her with admiration and wanted to be like them escaping our countrys poor scientific environment and studying abroad following your curiosity.Then major depression hit me like a truck I'm gonna be 20 still not in university and don't even have a job I don't leave my house I can't do anything although I'm pushing myself to some degree.I'm also poor so that doesnt help I've been living like this for 4 years now my teenage years and my childhood dreams they are just gone because of my brain chemistry.I saw a psychiatrist recently I hope this treatment will fix some stuff I feel late in life it stole my life

[@EliasTsakmakis]

it is natural at your age to feel like that. it is the time that you make the first and most important decisions of your life and it can be overwhelming especially if your circumstances are not favourable and the road ahead is not filled with roses. but you are still too young to despair... if you know what you want you should go after it. there are many people that didn't settle in a career until they are 30 or even more, especially those highly trained scientists. it is just how the education system works but on the other hand it is never too late to enrol in a university course. there are also many people that are doing menial jobs and study science in the same time. they maybe will not have a celebrated career as this lady has but the satisfaction they get from finding the time to do what they love is a goal into itself, some would say its the ultimate goal. time is your most precious resource, and you being young have the most of it. do not waste it. if you want to dedicate yourself to something start now and educate yourself. if you love physics start reading yourself. start from the history of science and follow the scientists of old, see what problems they had to solve and follow them. see how one thing leads to another. its the age of the internet. if you understand english your resources are virtually unlimited . again, time. don't let it pass by

[@thedarknessthatcomesbefore4279]

Good luck and best wishes for your recovery and future Buragorn.

[@Ln-cq8zu]

Just get a job, any job, and do it to the best of your ability and everything will develop from there.

[@TheIgnoramus]

Your 20, you have everything ahead of you, I know that means nothing now, but you do. Trust me I know how you feel, I sure did, still do sometimes. We have to believe we’re capable. We can’t compare ourselves to idols. We only have idols left. Don’t let that dictate who you are. Finding yourself is the hardest part of life.

[@oldernu1250]

You are not alone, others have such thoughts. Suggest you try running or bike riding. Elevated pulse rate helps endorphins to regulate mood, sunshine and air help. Get out of yourself. Go to school, find a way to support yourself, and educate yourself. Best.

[@jlvandat69]

My goodness, Lex.....how do you find these amazing people??? Ms. Kaçar is the quintessential 'Beauty and Brains' and I have never heard of her....how is that possible? THANK YOU. Incredible conversation- I'll have to listen at least twice.

[@fernandabermejo]

Thank you!!! Her passion is contagious. I went to a Technical Agricultural Biology Highschool that is part of one of the best universities of my country, we had great university teachers full of love for what they knew of nature, her energy reminds of them, after listening a bit and seeing the look in their eyes you just want to know more.

[@maggyhanrahan]

Perfect for Lex.

[@craigbeare9770]

Keep these hard science interviews up thanks for making me feel smart with very little effort !

[@Goochisms]

OUCH!

[@vincenthealy8962]

I've seen loads of bright people on your show. I've seen so many topics that were extremely interesting. By far, (a long shot), Betul Kacar has the most important job in the world and can explain it all to someone like me with very little background in this field. Thanks Lex and thanks Betul!

[@alelondon23]

I've never seen Lex so unable to rely on his prepared questionaire. Kaçar does such an amazing and loving job at understanding the essential intention behind clumsily formulated questions and enrich our understanding with empathic humbleness. What a beautiful gift you both give us. And what a loving, lovable, devoted and passionate being is Kaçar. Thank you a 1000 times!

[@fazza6748]

How are you?

[@VVMVVMVVM]

@@fazza6748true tho, there was such little continuity in his questions

[@michaelpatterson3194]

What have I stumbled upon here? What an outstandingly informative, intellectually challenging and diverse site, filled with amazing people. Thank you!

[@julianlineham]

Every interview is amazing, but this conversation was on another level. Thank you.

[@noshotnova2432]

Do you really believe this? Everything about Lex screams fraud to me.

[@thecircleprojectibiza5037]

Yes. Keep it at this level and you will truly change a generation

[@denisehensler8254]

Absolutely. A breath of fresh air. Talk to us!!!

[@none-vd3fk]

👍 Agree

[@carl9901]

it was good but I got the sense she was too often cut off, kept from going to deep into the subjects. It was a bit annoying, would have been interesting to hear more what she had to say but on the other hand I don't think even Lex could have kept up intelligent questions too deep into her subjects, pretty different area than AI/robotics. After all, it's a podcast, not a lecture.

[@jordanthompson8984]

Best podcast out there right now! Even Joe said it… it’s the podcast that the podcasters listen to!

[@jordanthompson8984]

@Mike Neil also thinks Neil Degrasse Tyson is the most interesting thing in the universe

[@ambiencelectronica]

Why is there hours in time difference in sunrise and sunset between the little diomede island and big diomede island? Let’s see who the brain box is in here to solve this problem

[@starchaser6024]

It’s JRE without the world star hip hop moments

[@football42241]

Too much quantity, not enough quality. Lex was on fire the last few years but this podcast has become really watered down with the same content and is becoming boring. Oh look! It's another three hour conversation about aliens! Yea bc we surely haven't had enough of those in 2022 lmao Really good episodes are becoming rarer and rarer

[@flash2k807]

What da

[@MeteOguc]

What a journey this was. I watched the whole podcast,sparing some time for 3-4 days till the end. Such thoughtful questions and clear answers. Learned so much! Thanks!

[@dariakoshkina3217]

I am learning biology foundations and this is the best overview so far of what biology is beyond the textbooks. Thank you for the context, and scientific explanations, Ms Kaçar. And thanks Lex for good questions.

[@superpower2020]

Podcasts with scientists are much better than all the other podcasts with comedians or politicians. Thanks for recording, Lex!

[@theMidsizeLebowski]

What an absolutely beautiful genius! Her passion for her work and for life in general is incredibly inspiring.

[@jwdenn]

Are beautiful geniuses common in Turkey ? If so , why are we just now learning this ? And where can we find more of them ?

[@IldarSagdejev]

@@jwdenn Türkiye'de.

[@Lambretta-images]

I could literally watch her all day

[@jamesnoland3445]

You know it’s a great episode when you are disappointed that it’s over. I actually cursed when he asked the meaning of life question because I knew the end was near.

[@BharathKumarSampath]

Did you understand what they are saying, I feel dumb for not being able to understand what they are talking

[@mujdatakiskali773]

As a Turkish-American I could not be more proud of her ❤🧿🇹🇷🇺🇸

[@joegordon-p6x]

you know she isnt an islamic backward savage, cant be with her level of intelligence..Turkey needs to evolve to ban evil Islam

[@coogee-uw9rk]

She is an amazing scientist, well done interview.

[@Ishmokin]

Amazing woman. Hoping we get to understand the origins soon and she said it can happen within a decade

[@jerroldneal]

And she's attractive. She has features like Elizabeth Taylor. Look into it.

[@tubecated_development]

@@jerroldneal 😶‍🌫️ that’s informative, deewwwwwd

[@tconthejazz1]

@@jerroldneal "Look into it". Absolutely hilarious, that made my day 🤣

[@Houstonvette]

we're at the Stone Age of understanding how to create intelligent complex life, we would be happy to start bacteria, and our bodies use millions of them as immune system, likely we hare 100+ years away from trying to rewrite the Bible =)

[@ThomDammers]

@@jerroldneal I did my research gladly, thanks for making me look into it

[@scientistwaqar]

I am a scientist working in biosimulation (not bragging!) and I have been trained to understand not only biology and medicine, but also the mathematics of a biological system. This podcast gave me goosebumps all along the way, visualizing what Dr Betül was talking about, and this was nothing short of euphoratic for me. Thanks for bringing her for the talk, Lex.

[@many_worlds]

Betul seems like a brilliant person, thank you Lex

[@kyrgyzsanjar]

Yes! Very sharp!

[@Qaranwadani1993]

What's her religion?

[@theplasmacollider6431]

@@Qaranwadani1993 Probably muslim from her family. Her personally, probably agnostic or atheist.

[@yusrisaadun5497]

Betul ke bohong?

[@BelleHealingMusic]

SHE IS Turkish

[@isidfynch2398]

Absolutely fascinating discussion! I think your unique background enables you to interview guests in a way that conveys the complexities of subjects to the average person. This is a gift my friend. Thank you always!

[@MrMedicAdnan]

Beautiful and smart Betül... :) Lex kept trying to smooth his way in with apt questions, "Why so much beauty, why is it soothing? Betul: "Not everyone chooses to see beauty " SHUT DOWNNNN Great Pod!

[@No_OneV]

Lex taking himself less seriously with each podcast, i like it.

[@hatsapp6315]

ᵗʰᵃⁿᵏˢ ᶠᵒʳ ʷᵃᵗᶜʰⁱⁿᵍ ❤️ ˢᵉⁿᵈ ᵃ ᵐᵉˢˢᵃᵍᵉ ᵒⁿ ʷʰᵃᵗˢᵃᵖᵖ ʷⁱᵗʰ ᵗʰᵉ ⁿᵘᵐᵇᵉʳ ᵃᵇᵒᵘᵗ 👆👆 ᶠᵒʳ ᶠᵘʳᵗʰᵉʳ ᵃˢˢⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᵗ

[@fabiosplendido9536]

Hopefully this is trend which results in him not appearing in them at all.

[@dzenacs2011]

Is he drunk

[@nmhjjp]

@@dzenacs2011 nha, hes russian

[@florianhofmann7553]

@@nmhjjp

[@luisandraschnik3001]

The chemistry between these two is off the charts!

[@tamberlame27]

I ship

[@MetaPhysStore0770]

Creepy comment

[@beautifulintentions5678]

Amazing, I never realized how much in common I have with the Turkish culture until last year when I started working with the chemical engineer from the job I started last year. There was weeks we spent 5 nights a week having dinner together. I just loved spending time with him & I could see how shocked he was that I completely got his culture. I too never allow one person to go hungry that comes to my home all get feed and feed well. All get rest clean safe area to sleep and bathe. I just love you two and this conversation. Thank you both so much❤

[@georgesfares4499]

What a brilliant and intelligent woman. Her choice of words and the vivacity of her thinking are stunning. It was one incredible episode !!!

[@richard506rb]

Lex, I have been a subscriber of your podcast for about two years and your session with Dr Kaçar was the first one I watched so far three times. She is a very precious human being. As a former engineer ,retired now for 20 years (I'm 85) and married twice, I see the chemistry between you two. I looked up her bio and she doesn't seem to be married or connected. Your conversation with this beautiful loving lady was something I wish I could have had, You are a sweet , smart, sensitive young man and you deserve each other.

[@bubblefoil]

Wow, let's stalk her! :D (please don't)

[@imbezo]

@Richard506rb the matchmaker! Really sweet and wholesome comment

[@n8style]

apparently she is married

[@tuck-brainwks-eutent-hidva1098]

I had the exact same thought -- from the time she described some aspect of life-origin biology as "romantic" ... 😉

[@tuck-brainwks-eutent-hidva1098]

@@n8style Sorry, Lex!

[@Michael-el]

I love to hear you ask questions, Lex. Not every question ends in a question mark, of course. Giving your own opinion, but then asking for the other's response, is another interesting way to ask a question.

[@The_Primary_Axiom]

Wise man once said, if you understand a question very deeply the answer is in the question.

[@andrewbrown6307]

Can you spell sycophant?

[@dark_matter2377]

​@@andrewbrown6307 you sure can

[@matthewbecker7389]

I woke up through the night with this playing... Had to rewind, and wow, I'm glad I did. Thankful for this conversation, it's got a lot of the ol' synapses sparking. I've not heard of Betul prior to this, thankyou Lex for bringing her to the world (or mine at least) I feel this is a person who has faced a hell of a lot in her life, and it's forged a fiercely keen intellect. Well, she's certainly earned the love and respect from this side of the internet. Wishing everyone a very happy, fulfilling and peaceful new year... Much love to everyone out there. 🕸️

[@cravedog5628]

what makes you feel this is a person who has faced a Hell of a lot?

[@naz3858]

@@cravedog5628 yeah we want to know

[@evgenyreshetnikov3483]

@@cravedog5628 arabic heritage, this goes by default.

[@michaelwichman2955]

I did the same thing… woke up to it and rewound and WoW !!! Mind bending and takes several loops to fully grasp the mechanics etc

[@Doo_Doo_Patrol]

Sounds like me falling asleep at the computer, normally working nights, so when I have days off I'm awake half the night. I agree. She seems like a sharp cookie, the kind I like.

[@mrtienphysics666]

She is such a smart person. It would be nice if she takes questions from the audience. There are so many questions that I want to ask her!

[@oldernu1250]

Thank you. Betul is a great translator of science for mere mortals. We need this to avoid stumbling in the dark of our ignorance. Glimmers of light help us find our way. Genetic transmission of memory...yup.

[@plutus6316]

You doing an amazing job promoting the geniuses of our society! There interviews are a true gift to us all.

[@ChipHead0110]

Betül is such a gorgeous woman, radiating love and intelligence. I do believe Lex has found a close to perfect matching soulmate. Awesome interview. Wish more people, especially young, would have the patience to watch interviews like these. So much fun, and so much to learn. ❤️

[@rebecavillanova7622]

Dreamer

[@ChipHead0110]

@@rebecavillanova7622 Yes?

[@katjohnson8740]

Betul is phenomenal. Thank you for the conversations recently with such brilliant women. They are awesome and the subject matter has been so worthy of consideration and understanding.

[@reubennichols644]

- Her Enthusiasm Made This Interview Very Engaging . -

[@jefkaplinger2717]

This guest has it all. Smart, successful, and absolutely gorgeous!

[@jasonstrauss1523]

Betul is truly an amazing scientist and personality. Thank you both for this podcast

[@recepomur9841]

Love these type of conversations Lex! Keep'em coming. Bayrakları asalım bu arada lütfen!

[@MrBodomable]

as as

[@scottlarson281]

This was amazing. I especially enjoyed the 'Restarting life on Earth" segment at two hours in. Betül is a wonderful communicator!

[@cammac8538]

You two have great chemistry. Ask her out Lex!

[@gillium3]

I thought Lex got married in...April?

[@ionia2376]

@@gillium3 Do we know who too? What if they're the happy couple?

[@ionia2376]

@@gillium3 Just realised what this was a reference to!!!

[@ionia2376]

@Маник N I think so?

[@BelleHealingMusic]

She is married, please !!!

[@Noir-Tesseract]

Damn. Betul has done a wonderful job in representing the understanding of what we call mother nature. The balance of life is beautiful, cruel, & brilliant. And she shows how sexy intellect is. Thank you Lex.

[@jeremyrushing9659]

This was an incredible conversation. I am a biochem major who is now running a music school, but have always been trying to keep up with physics and biology and, man you have some great content. thank you :)

[@svalckx]

Ha! I love this woman!! She really challenged Lex's romanticized ideas of life in general, but specifically that of a "higher power". I love her straight up, no nonsense, fact packed responses.

[@hatsapp6315]

ᵗʰᵃⁿᵏˢ ᶠᵒʳ ʷᵃᵗᶜʰⁱⁿᵍ ❤️ ˢᵉⁿᵈ ᵃ ᵐᵉˢˢᵃᵍᵉ ᵒⁿ ʷʰᵃᵗˢᵃᵖᵖ ʷⁱᵗʰ ᵗʰᵉ ⁿᵘᵐᵇᵉʳ ᵃᵇᵒᵘᵗ 👆👆 ᶠᵒʳ ᶠᵘʳᵗʰᵉʳ ᵃˢˢⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᵗ ...

[@tonyduncan9852]

There have been quite a few highly intellectual women so far. Scope for extramarital fantasies of a strictly platonic and stoic nature. . . . (four damn dots) 😵‍💫

[@DefaultModeNetwork]

Fascinating conversation, Dr Kacar’s passion is clearly infectious. Origin of Life discussions usually fall one of two ways depending on whether information processing came first or metabolism . She was definitely on the info side although the energy side is equally impressive and beautiful. The electron transfer system that makes ATP is universal in life as we know it and amazingly complicated. Life if deprived of energy substrate quickly gives up and dies. I would highly recommend Nick Lanes books - The Vital Question and Transformer if you want to hear the entire story. Thanks again Lex for a great episode.

[@nyquistfreq6875]

Such an insightful episode. The perfect end to a shite year. LOve your work Lex. Btw. Your channel spans the generations in my household, fuelling hours of conversation around the the dinner table. Appreciate the work put in to make these possible. Thanks and happy new year.

[@rhettstraube2559]

Same. Been playing many of these for my 7 year old. Can’t hurt.

[@melih27]

I loved this interview, never heard of Betul despite being Turkish. Much love from turkey !

[@dinacox1971]

Lex I recognized that you were very intelligent but for you to track in this conversation and help us to approach this immensely complex conversation is truly remarkable to me. Thank you.

[@WillemAsselbergs]

The Jazz Reference at 26' is outstanding. Cell Biology is indeed very much like a Jazz Ensemble. With the rhythms and speeds they can work (=process) with. Individually they work, but together it is magic. Thanks for sharing Lex and Betul. Amazingly educational.

[@robertbensetler1420]

Vincent Racaniello, Nick Lane, Michael Levin, and now Betul. There are not many places to get this kind of exposure to biology and life.

[@davebushmediadesign]

I keep wanting this episode to be in black and white. They look like two elegant characters in an old Hitchcock film.

[@hindenberg25557]

Lex, I've been a longtime fan of this podcast, since before the rename. It's one of my favorite things among the set of things bigger than podcasts. So it's with that love I give this feedback. There were many cases this time around where you didn't let your guest finish her thoughts. And that yielding wasn't reciprocated by you quite as much. I completely understand that it's near impossible to be on point so consistently, so I just hope this caring, non judgmental feedback helps push you towards that consistency. Keep it up brother, it's been really fun watching you on this crazy ride.

[@jwortman1984]

I felt that with Paul Conti as well. It’s hard to yield when you are excited about a topic or person. Still my favorite podcast. Lex is great.

[@annoxelia5440]

I try to listen to as many of your podcasts that I can. This was one of the best.

[@dpe4]

She has a very compelling manner to express complex functions and ideas. A rare gift.

[@merterguden2622]

Betül Kaçar is amazing! As a computer engineer, thank you to Lex for this podcast.

[@mrsbrdvd]

başka hiç türk yok kimse dinlemiyor mu yav?

[@akelemon7542]

Var da galiba tek tük 10 gün olmasına rağmen sadece 10 kişi beğenmiş

[@johnnyphilosophykal142]

Most attractive scientist of the year?

[@alst4817]

She purdy ❤

[@relaxedrelaxed]

What a powerhouse of a human! Very grateful for this interview. Thank you for all you both do! Betül Kaçar, You are such an inspiration! 🤩🪐🌠⚡

[@hatsapp6315]

ᵗʰᵃⁿᵏˢ ᶠᵒʳ ʷᵃᵗᶜʰⁱⁿᵍ ❤️ ˢᵉⁿᵈ ᵃ ᵐᵉˢˢᵃᵍᵉ ᵒⁿ ʷʰᵃᵗˢᵃᵖᵖ ʷⁱᵗʰ ᵗʰᵉ ⁿᵘᵐᵇᵉʳ ᵃᵇᵒᵘᵗ 👆👆 ᶠᵒʳ ᶠᵘʳᵗʰᵉʳ ᵃˢˢⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᵗ ..

[@Jarumar]

Wow! What a super-inspirationen conversation! Betül Kaçar is brilliant - she has that rare level of carefulness and precision to her thought process that signifies really great minds. I deeply enjoyed the whole conversation!

[@fazza6748]

Hello

[@memyselfandi6390]

Çok ilginçti . Tesadüfen rastladım , büyük keyif aldım teşekkürler .

[@alexbrown1170]

First view: An emergent play of a man and woman in deep conversation about reality. Biology is the stage. Brilliant, stunningly coherent flow of big questions made easy. A vibe that also approaches the awe of the context- life Rocks!! I have saved this and will share with my kids and friends. Thanks Betul and Lex- this is a gift for this holiday spirit. Karma lives! 🙏🏼🖖🏼❤️

[@lain623entelegrat]

Let's talk 👆 got more profitable things to talk about

[@kenharber3676]

When ETs receive this transmission they will know that there is at least a little bit of intelligent life on earth . One of your best Thanks Lex !

[@reubennichols644]

- " " " . . . a t l e a s t . . . . . . a --- l i t t l e --- b i t . " " " -

[@FaceFcuk]

Not after what I seen today , ppl fighting after waiting outside the shops all night to buy bottles of prime drinks 🤣

[@nelsongilbert1695]

Betul Kacar is amazing! Lex, thank You for having the wherewithal to ask her for an interview. Chemistry fighting with biology, fighting with climatology, at the grace of astrophysics supporting a goldilocks zone in a place for a time. Living and suffering, mutually exclusive.

[@eternisedDragon7]

The vast majority of suffering on earth existed long before humans even existed, let alone "defining" it.

[@ZM-dm3jg]

@@eternisedDragon7 What does god lack? Limitation. Without suffering, there cannot be that which transcends suffering.

[@eternisedDragon7]

​@@ZM-dm3jg God is nothing more than an ancient fantasy book's character invented by superstitious ancient humans to cope with the gruesomeness of the universe. It is proven that we can neither prove the existence of this fantasy book character nor disprove its existence and so agnosticism with respect to its existence is proven to be the correct current standpoint of our knowledge on this matter. But at the same time, the in space and time exhaustive seeming consistency with which the laws of nature hold provides overwhelming empirical support that we should expect nothing will change about the behavior of the universe at least for a very long time, and so the god question is completely irrelevant. We have far more pressing and urgent problems to address than this banal philosophical one that has no indication of being of ethical benefit even for if it could be solved. If any intelligent aliens exist out there in the entire universe that happened to also have had such god beliefs, they could have kept such up for millions of years and pondered it and could have begged and prayed for mercy or for a revelation or a miracle to change the universe to the better, and yet, empirically we can solidly observe nothing ever changed, no response, no help, nothing, except a potential lesson from such expectable history of civilizations in the universe for us to not be so delusional. And empirically it can easily be disproven that goodness, positive quality of life were to somehow require suffering, as none if it is required to be experienced at all for being able to feel joy. Neurochemistry provides the physical causal means by which our experiences are shaped, determined, and there exist (albeit extremely few) people with congenital insensitivity to pain, so they cannot feel pain (by certain means, though they're apparently still susceptible to psychological stress), and yet they can feel joy. The experience of suffering in itself, detached from any other causal processes tied to it (which are assumed to be at least conceivably enabled to behave the same way if just the feeling of suffering is gone), has no justification whatsoever for existing in this world.

[@brandenwallace4666]

No we all do

[@doittoit4116]

It’s been amazing to watch Lex grow and develop his podcast tremendously in such a short time!

[@scrubby2]

This woman is straightforward and no nonsense, i like the soberness of her delivery, she speaks like a scientist through and through.

[@lorn4867]

and humble ❤

[@beklerken1]

In the age of pseudoscience and where the elite academia are bought by billionaires for exploitation to benefit financially or for profit, what a breath of fresh air Betul Kacar is to us "commons" , that I have found to be priceless. Iyiki varsiniz Betul Hocam. ☮ & ♥ from Oz.

[@Rizandoelrizo]

Lex's podcast is beautiful, the rhythm, the questions, congratulations.

[@ryaneastunder7383]

I could listen to her forever...

[@laurenstorey8206]

@lexfridman Please do a talk with an ecologist one of these days they would blow your mind about the natural world!

[@mikehuff9793]

I kept checking the time in hopes that I had entered a state of time-dyslexia and there was really 3 hours left yet was sadly disappointed each time I looked at the clock. I could listen to you two talk every day

[@michaeld5345]

I like how Lex always makes people take their scientist hats off for while and think outside the box. It really challenges people and makes a great discussion

[@whitenoise2027]

Who's really asking the questions ... ,,He's looking down at a tele-prompter as the conversation deepens, he diverts it! He interrupts her. He's an opportunist, working for the bigger opportunist that want to depopulate and mix human biology with AI. I don't trust him. He said they're under MK ultra mind control. Just like Orlando Bloom.

[@WrangleRz]

back to back to back fire podcast. Wow Lex. The last few podcast are actually insane. Keep going with the science

[@pamelawanamaker6523]

Wow, I began listening to this last night as I was getting into bed, and a fantastic way to go to sleep my friends. Now I’m starting over and listening again. Thank you, Lex, for this amazing episode.

[@SarahPerine]

Oh my goodness I do the same thing with so many podcasts 😹 this one is exceptional though! What a woman🙌🏽

[@iamhe999]

In a few minutes, I will finish listening to this interview for the fourth time. That is the most I ever listen to one of these interviews this woman I’m in love with her clarity and her verbal abilities and her persona seems really wonderfully nice also. I thought I already knew a lot about translation. Now I know a lot more, I am very grateful bring her back. She is truly a national treasure a worldly treasure. Sincerely, Rich.

[@BelleHealingMusic]

She is Turkish, not national by the way. As you hear her accent she came to the USA after she had her degree in Turkiye. So !/

[@mattyjmar10]

Betul means "true" in Indonesia and this interview was indeed truly wonderful.

[@towboattrash]

I don’t understand why people, especially as intelligent as lex, can’t see that you can’t have good without bad, life without death, growth without struggle. “Another word for life is change”, everything changes. Even in death there’s no energy loss, it just converts to other types of energy. Pain and suffering is part of whatever this is we call existence. Embrace it and grow through it.

[@simplylethul]

What a load of bullshit.

[@bluesman66]

I am so inspired and proud of her. What a great mind.

[@elliot_soy_femboy]

Great podcast, Lex! We want one with Tim Minchin!

[@PoliticalFuturism]

This is such a phenomenal interview. Betü Kaçar is an absolute star, someone to look up to - her intellect is immense, sharp and extremely powerful. Lex somehow retains the beginner's perspective even after all his accomplishments, asking basic questions to really dive into an issue - something we could all benefit from.

[@matth2645]

such a fantastic conversation, thank @lex and Betul!

[@ChiBearsman2269]

Lex, best podcast I’ve even watched! For real! What a wonderful human being Betul is ✌🏻

[@volfcan8330]

"You can study chemistry, you can study physics, you study geology anywhere in the universe. But this is the only place you can study biology. That's it. So, definitely something very fundamental happened here."

[@zoranpovijac3816]

We cant even be sure to say that. Simple organisms may be present on other eartg like planets which exist.

[@volfcan8330]

​@@zoranpovijac3816 As far we know this is the truth. There are millions of possibilities like one you said. And probably there is but time will reveal them.

[@konstantinlyons6659]

One of your all time best conversations, Lex!More of this ,please 😀

[@balabani]

It is amusing to see Betül’s reactions to Lex’s musings. Betül is a lovely bright person. I specially like when she gets carried away with her enthusiasm and starts gesturing with her hands. One of her statements that impressed me with its modesty is “We all more or less have the same brains but we are offered different opportunities.” I am glad that not only she was offered those opportunities but also she had the right foresight to grab and hang on to those opportunities to become the person she is.

[@Katharina643]

Fascinating! One very simple question please: " How does the information' enter into the fabric of life? " When comparing it to the computer, we know, information' enters through the construct and brilliance of the mind of a person....

[@bujodrag]

Lex Fridman, this one is fantastic. I'm watching it for second time. Like the two talks with Lisa Feldman Barrett, i can't walk, have no job but my friends bought for me two of her books that you talk about. They are fantastic. Thank you for your podcast, you are a great man.

[@dougsie8791]

That code wheel man! It's so important because it shows Life is a goal or Life itself IS the goal - that never ends - or does it gain another level entirely once it reaches beyond energy level efficiency? Please have Betül Kaçar on again she is amazing to listen to and learn from.

[@BigMTBrain]

"That code wheel [...] shows Life is a goal or Life itself IS the goal" How? Listen again at the segment that begins at 37:57. Selection pressure only means that the evolution of something follows the demands of the environment, not that the environment was demanding or having a given outcome as a goal. Our human pattern and reason seeking tendency is to place special reason to phenomenon when happenstance is the simple explainable reason -- it happened because it happened -- the conditions were right -- not because there was a determinant force or pattern that drove the phenomenon to occur.

[@dougsie8791]

46:10

[@dougsie8791]

48:14

[@dougsie8791]

49:01. There you go, just an idea. Take it or leave it. I wont sit here and type out a whole what if for ya.

[@BigMTBrain]

​@@dougsie8791 It's difficult to debate with those who would rather believe than to simply observe without desire or belief of any kind. Read the transcript and understand that Kacar is merely anthropomorphizing for easier, relatable conversation. Read the transcript and see that she NEVER says anything about a goal or a definite plan. She's merely talking about what was necessary FOR life to happen, not that life was necessary TO happen. She even says "I don't know", "it could've been accidental". Further, a mechanism or process "that seems to be conserved for 4 billion" is not stating its goal but rather stating this is what happened. This lady is a true scientist. Even when Lex tried to draw her into the subjective realm of "what's the meaning of all of this - life?", she shows she gives no credence to subjective desire for things beyond the scope of science. YOUR suggesting that there was a "goal" to the occurrence of life is just YOUR subjective belief, not hers. Here's the transcript... read it - or don't: "46:10 - (Kaçar) - I DON'T KNOW if you can get life, if you don't find a way to process the information around you. - (Lex) - In a repetitive dynamic way. - (Kaçar) - Yeah, and SOMEHOW that's what got selected, maybe not selected, I DON'T KNOW IF IT WAS ACCIDENTAL, but that's what it seems to be conserved for 4 billion years, that that's what life established." At 48:14, she's merely discussing a process possibly reaching it's maximum energy efficiency. Haha... that just speaks of an efficient process, not an intended process. You're clearly seeing what you want to see. At 49:01 - Again, efficiency, even if it is "more efficient" doesn't speak to intent or a hidden mind behind it, just a process that evolved to high or even maximum efficiency. Again, you are seeing only what you want to see. I imagine you, like most people who prioritize belief over simply observing and waiting for rigorous science to reveal the objectively true reality, will go right on preferring your belief and desire for life to not only be special but an intended goal, despite the evidence. The Code occurred. That's all we know. Anything else is pure speculation driven by one's desires and preferences, which have no place in science. You're definitely more suited to DEATH STRANDING than science. Maybe stick to that - obviously, more your capacity.

[@leomehalic21]

Lex this is one of your best interviews with one of the smartest, intuitive and accomplished guests ever, and most intriguing and attractive. Thank you both.

[@lost.projects387]

There’s a more fundamental conversation happening than the one we are all ostensibly listening to here. Congrats ❤

[@CestLePanda]

This interview began playing on auto play while I was doing other things and just passively listening to KZbin... and about a minute into it I began realizing what the conversation was and I just started giggling at how fascinating and niche it is. It's beyond. Lol

[@tigsik3128]

I freaking love this podcast! this interview in particular is soo good.

[@bobmathieson987]

Highly informative and entertaining once again. I had to smile, it is like watching a highly specialized and appealing life form from an intelligently superior galaxy communicating with our own (primitive) human counterpart. Brilliant viewing and thanks Lex for your honest and most attractive self.

[@kyrgyzsanjar]

Yes. It feels like she spends in “her life” more time than in this world, right? :) very knowledgeable! To keep in active memory all these minute details of your work! Amazing!

[@AP-dk9xt]

Maybe the two of you should do interviews of others together. Great chemistry. Very fun to listen to you both together. Both of you get into it equally. I bet she could grow real plants anywhere.

[@TrueMetalWarlord]

Hey man, just want to say love your conversations, you put on a fantastic podcast and I'm glad I found you. Keep it up!