What's the difference between /ɹ/, /r/ and /ʀ/? - English R vs. rolled Spanish & German R Sounds

[@BillieEnglish]

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[@To.Ma.To_78]

8:34 this remark is just too funny! when I moved to Canada and noticed that unlike what I had been taught in school, literally no one ever says, "there are," I inquired about this "oddity" and the response I got was the following, "yes, your observation is correct. in speech, we never say something like, 'there are, here are, where are' because this repeated 'r' sound is for the animals only and not meant to be said by humans. but in writing, you're still supposed to use the formally 'correct' form." and yes, I can confirm that this is exactly how it is in all of North America as I've witnessed news anchors reading the prompter where the script said, "there are" and yet they still confidently proceeded to read this as, "there's" in a heartbeat.

[@pssilva3973]

(1:39) I barely can hear the /r/ in "authority" because it is not so clear as in "red" when it is in its inicial position. Who knows you can post a video explaining the English R's in inicial, middle and final position. I think native English speakers use both retroflex and bunched /r/ depending on their position within a word or between words. I think the word "authority" uses a bunched r.

[@stephenzhao5809]

Thanks a lot, Billie❤

[@fgdfhdhjd7776]

Thank you!

[@quite-3089]

Thank you so much, Teacher. 🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉

[@إبتهاليوسف-غ5ل]

Could you please explain retroflex?

[@Pete-tm3xi]

Hi Billie! Great channel with very clear explanations. But you said a little mistake at the end of your video with the voiced alveolar tap or flap /ɾ/. The sound is often analyzed and thus interpreted by non-native English-speakers as an 'R-sound' in many foreign languages like Portuguese with the word "caro"(expensive), Spanish with "pero"(but), Greek "mirós"(thigh) and in many other languages. The terms tap and flap are often used interchangeably.British linguist and phonetician Peter Ladefoged proposed the distinction that a tap strikes its point of contact directly, as a very brief stop, and a flap strikes the point of contact tangentially: "Flaps are most typically made by retracting the tongue tip behind the alveolar ridge and moving it forward so that it strikes the ridge in passing." That distinction between the alveolar tap and flap can be written in the IPA with tap ⟨ɾ⟩ and flap ⟨ɽ⟩, the 'retroflex' symbol being used for the one that starts with the tongue tip curled back behind the alveolar ridge. The distinction is noticeable in the speech of some American English speakers in distinguishing the words "potty" (tap [ɾ]) and "party" (retroflex [ɽ]). For linguists who make the distinction, the coronal flap (as in Spanish pero) is transcribed with ⟨ɾ⟩, and the tap (as in dd in American English ladder) is transcribed with a non-IPA symbol ⟨ᴅ⟩. All this to say that it would not be correct to argue that the alveolar tap or flap/ɾ/ is not considered an R.

[@BillieEnglish]

Hi Pete! Yes, I believe this is how I explained it too. This is not an R sound at all, but the sound symbol looks like one and so confuses many students which is why I discussed it briefly in the video: to ensure students understand it's not an R sound but more of a T sound. I have a separate video on the Flap T on my channel as well :-)

[@Pete-tm3xi]

@@BillieEnglish Thank you for your reply. If you read my comment, I let understand that the voiced alveolar tap or flap/ɾ/ is an R in many languages, for that matter, the symbol resembles an R. It would be more correct to say that in English the voiced alveolar tap or flap /ɾ/ is not used as an R (In English for which the segment is present but not phonemic, it is often an allophone of either an alveolar stop ([t] like in "better") , but in many other languages it is the case, therefore we can say that the /ɾ/ is an R

[@ppp-s2l]

What are differences in articulations between ɹ and ɚ?

[@BillieEnglish]

Great question! I will try and address this in a future video or shorts!

[@Naoual789]

Very interesting to make difference between rrrrr ❤I'm asked to write a long morphophonological data analysis essay analysing tibetan numerals simplex ves compound linaerly and non linearly , could you deal with that?

[@RobertDawson-l7w]

The retroflex r and bunched use the same symbol? Does that mean they are the same exact sound? Why do different cultures use the script r when the phonemes are completely different? What is the history?

[@christianlazo7462]

I would like to know about .....icould I use a flap T in Internet or interesting......because in spoken English, the t in the middle disappears.Thanks.

[@BillieEnglish]

Yes you can!

[@helenpansy614]

Thanks a lot!

[@two-treeneighbour-zj2xk]

Pease explain the pronunciation of flower and flour？We would love to hear from you.

[@BillieEnglish]

Of course, watch out for a future shorts video! I'll post it next week :-)

[@saramohammed962]

Can you please explain the topic consonant cluster stop+nasal

[@BillieEnglish]

I don't think we have this sound sequence in English, though it exists in other languages.

[@javifontalva7752]

In many dictionaries the American pronunciation of better would be transcribed as /'bɛt̬ɚ/ with a voiced t but I think /'bɛɾɚ/ is a better transcription. I also think that is thr same sound as r in pero in Spanish /ˈpeɾo/.

[@kostyat6812]

👍

[@orhoushmand85]

My tongue is too stiff for the alveolar trill, it can't vibrate, and the alveolar trill is clearly impossible for me.

[@BillieEnglish]

It isn't so much a muscle movement of the tongue but rather, the tongue starts flapping/ trilling because of the air stream - you just need to put it in the right position and then use a strong air stream.

[@orhoushmand85]

@@BillieEnglish I have no rights position for my tongue.

[@wingedhussar1117]

Quick correction from a German native speaker: Most Germans pronounce the "r" as a voiced uvular fricative, not as a trill... Furthermore, the "o" in "rot" is a long vowel, thus the correct transcription would be [ro:t] with a long mid-closed vowel.

[@To.Ma.To_78]

dunno which video you watched, but that's exactly what she said we well at point three (5:35). because you seem to correct her at something which she didn't do incorrectly in the first place.

[@ramamonato5039]

"red" German: rot [roːt] Dutch: rood [roːt]

[@To.Ma.To_78]

since you don't really seem to know German, why do you still sound like a German who moved to New Zealand by the age of five?! I assume that Spanish as well as English are your first languages, but you definitely don't sound like the average Latino living in America. I mean, in no way I'm curious about your personal life, but since you're a language teacher, it'd be really interesting to know all the natural influences you picked up on. for instance, that people who try to acquire your English basically are learning New Zealand (apparently an adjective as well, which I honestly didn't know, lol) cadence would be quite nice to at least mention. and to know all your other first and second languages would also be great to further increase trust. for instance, the US is actively employing immigrants from Latin America as English teachers for new arrivals because people are more willing to listen to one of their "own," who knows not know their language but also all the struggles and went through the exact same situation and finally overcame all hurdles than when they let's say face someone from Minneapolis who might only know like ten Spanish words.

[@To.Ma.To_78]

I added a response to myself, which KZbin "swallowed." where I explained how I wrote everything before even watching this video, lol (this is definitely not advisable behavior.) I was going off by someone who claimed to be German and deemed the German part as not fully correct. but as it turned out, I shouldn't have listened to this single opinion.)