BREAKING NEWS - Neanderthal Cave Excavated // Shanidar / Human Evolution / Neanderthals

Amazing insights this year from Shanidar Cave in Iraq.
What an incredible time for Archaeology.
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[@PeteKellyHistory]

Thanks for stopping by folks. What would you like to see me cover in the future? Watch my latest full length history documentary here:- kzbin.info/www/bejne/mWSrommLlquEp80

[@crakkbone]

Would you be interested in doing an ancient Aleppo video? So much has been lost, a reminder might be prudent. Thank you!

[@PeteKellyHistory]

@@crakkbone I'd really need to visit to do the place justice. One day hopefully.

[@Sandra.Molchanova]

I'm really curious about the genetic makeup of our ancestors and their hominid cousins, if there's any news on that, please roll it out

[@willgibbons1733]

@@PeteKellyHistory maybe you could make one on the druids if you haven't done one already. Thank you

[@andybeans5790]

I'm always interested in celtic knotwork, so anything from original celtic pieces to Catholic illuminated bibles would go down a treat 🧐

[@zhalahasni7975]

Thank you for your very correct location words. It is very nice to see people recognizing us as Kurds and my country as Kurdistan rather than Iraq. I am from where this cave is located, Barzan village. Great documentary I enjoyed it very much.

[@troytaylor9228]

As a retired x flintknapper making some pieces for museum displays or to copy broken pieces for them to get idea of what they were like to use I can assure you that duplicating Neanderthal tools is far more difficult than to duplicate human tools using the same material. The Neanderthal build quality was very specific and the consistency across vast distances far superior to that of humans which varied in some ways even in the material used. Humans were far less picky about what they used and the Neanderthal pieces have far more subtle enhancements to it like actual geometry to them akin to a modern hollow grind as well as chisel like areas over the more primitive homo sapien sapien tools which are far easier to reproduce. .

[@BaldingClamydia]

Never heard anything like that before, thanks for the tidbit xD

[@christianbuczko1481]

Ive always assumed the homosapians grinding the axes was far better than flint knapping an edge. In tests, a ground axe lasted longer because it hadnt got weakpoints in the edge. Maybe that superceded the requirement to develop knapping to the same degree??

[@andybeans5790]

I'm always staring at pieces of flint in the gravel beds near my offices, wondering about spotting a worked stone. I know it's highly unlikely and that all the split flints will be from excavation, but it passes my smoke breaks :)

[@MrBottlecapBill]

Everything you said about their tools could actually be argued to be a serious flaw in their intellect. So much effort and time to produce something that's no more effective with hardly any variation sounds like a robot to me. It's quite obvious that human tools far exceed anything Neanderthals ever made in quality, variety and sheer numbers. Being overly specific about methodology and materials shows a lack of creativity in my mind. The smart survivor uses whatever is at hand and makes it work with as little energy wasted as possible. We call that adaptation. I mean........it's a lot harder to copy a book with a pen and paper than it is with a computer and printer. Which is the more intelligent method to use? I have to disagree with your analysis completely.

[@christianbuczko1481]

@@MrBottlecapBill id say humans discovered a way of producing better blades by grinding, but neanderthals had better dexiterity. What you say though has parrallels with ww2. Germany had the best tech, but it was costly and hard to maintain. The allies had simpler tech, and ALOT more of it. I think the neanderthals were the german equivalent high tech, homosapians the lower tech in big numbers ally equiv.

[@Artur_M.]

The only news I actually enjoy watching recently.

[@userillusion86]

Artur M. I hear ya

[@ApriliaRacer14]

Artur M. TV and social media is poison.

[@55Quirll]

Same here, the only thing this house arrest decree has afforded me to do.

[@MrShnazer]

Artur M. This is the biggest fake news imposed on mankind.

[@robertoarriola-bustamante9169]

You like fake News, look for Jesus Christ Amen He has eternal life AMEN

[@ZhiggerA]

Kurdistan is the cradle of all civilizations!

[@zakhaid4824]

North of Iraq

[@panasonics346]

@@zakhaid4824 Kurdistan.

[@Ashur-Mesopotamia]

Just as the Turks came from East Asia, the Kurds also have their roots behind the Zagros Mountains. We are the indigenous people of this land.

[@bmb3333]

​@Ashur-Mesopotamia Not true, your roots from Syria

[@Ashur-Mesopotamia]

@@bmb3333 Mesopotamia is the homeland of the Assyrians. The famous royal cities of the Assyrians, Ashur, Nimrud (Kalhu), Arbela, Dur-Sharrukin and Nineveh were built in it. The Assyrians ruled for approximately 1,300 years - from about 2000 B.C. to 612/10 BC - in northern Mesopotamia an ancient landscape between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. A clear reference to the existence of the Assyrians, on the other hand, can already be found in the Old Testament (1st Book of Moses 2:14). There it says: * “… the name of the third river is the Tigris, which flows east of Assyria. The fourth river is the Euphrates..."

[@TEAMAGEPRODUCTIONS]

I was there in May of last year and when you look out of the cave it's one of the most picturesque views ever. I can imagine how even neanderthals probably were in awe of the vantage point every day.

[@mickavellian]

hey the had good taste.. I can imagine a new group on Naetherthal getting to a new locale and the main dude come over.. hey do I have s CONDO fOR YOU!

[@daragildea7434]

@@mickavellian What the fuck is "Naetherthal"?

[@daragildea7434]

@Atheos B. Sapien What the fuck is "autocorrect"?

[@daragildea7434]

@Atheos B. Sapien You seriously think they had computers in the 1950s? What a stupid thing to say.

[@D_Marrenalv]

@@daragildea7434 must be 13 years old.

[@pshtiwanaziz8824]

Very amazing cave I from Kurdistan I went to the Shanidar cave. The story is very interesting for humanity. Well done for your documentary

[@markkaidy8741]

They buried their dead in red ochre facing the east...they had earings and necklaces (although wrapped around stones not pierced), they had musical instruments of bone...Neanderthals were indeed intelligent and mixed with Cro Magnons.

[@vidarrodinsson2237]

>they had musical instruments of bone No, they probably didn't. Trasological analysis showed that this bone was probably biten by cave hyenas. But what actually surprises me is that pretty much all evidence of symbolic activities of Neanderthals comes from after 70,000BC; after the Toba eruption. You could argue that this is because they migrated out of Europe and met anatomically modern humans, but the thing is that such signs of symbolic activity comes also from Teshik-Tash(Central Asia) and Europe, not only from the Middle East, so from places where there were no signs of presence of anatomically modern humans. And I don't know how to explain this sudden explosion. And overall there is very scarce evidence of symbolic activity before Toba eruption from all around the globe, including Africa(there was an interesting finding of bone carvings dated to 100,000-150,000BP from China in 2019 though).

[@Mankindatwar]

Cro Magnons exterminated Neanderthals

[@vidarrodinsson2237]

@@Mankindatwar Well, exterminated? Before that Neanderthals replaced(actually mixed with) anatomically modern humans in the Middle East. Does this mean that Neanderthals exterminated AMH?

[@stefanthorpenberg887]

The Bruniquel cave close to Gaillac, that seems to have been used for some ritual activities, date to 176 000 years bc. When only Neanderthals lived in Europe.

[@duanewilliams7353]

Some of their art inside the cave was interesting too!!!

[@joanhamilton2651]

Amazing. I love archeology and these finds are fantastic. Thank you.

[@The_Vincening]

paleontology.

[@t.j.payeur5331]

The archaeologist Ralph Solecki who excavated the cave lived to be 102 years old!? He must of liked what he was doing...

[@christianbuczko1481]

Or he'd seen what happened after you die...

[@maryanneslater9675]

I knew a geologist who worked until he was over 90. Someone asked with astonishment why he was still working, and a colleague butted in and said, "Oh, Jack's never worked a day in his life. He's just been having fun." And he said it was one of the funniest true things ever said about him.

[@hmpz36911]

Befitting. He became ancient himself

[@johnsinth8261]

brought a tear to my eye that they laid them to rest with flowers

[@bettyhouk8727]

Jonah S Perhaps we retained that lovely tradition from our Neanderthal Ancestors ! And we love to set around a camp fire 🔥 Bar B que

[@robertfudge9745]

It was to cover the smell of decaying body

[@danielantony1882]

@@robertfudge9745 Ya think?

[@danielantony1882]

@@robertfudge9745 Are you sure that they didn't cover them with dirt?

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

Bullshit... Flowers naturally grows out

[@daxxonjabiru428]

Archaeologists always return to the scene of the grime.

[@shielamariehankinson3824]

. Digging In The Dirt,, Peter Gabriel

[@MrShnazer]

Daxxon Jabiru archaeologists are nothing more than grave robbers.

[@turdferguson7112]

@@MrShnazer Edgy!

[@ellacarson2048]

Lol

[@julians7268]

Man... I was really hoping for a longer video. Loved what we got tho!

[@robertmacdonald6527]

If you're descended from indigenous Europeans, Neanderthals are your prehistoric ancestors... Not just "cousins"

[@pomponi0]

@@vemundr9263 Actually... theconversation.com/neanderthals-didnt-give-us-red-hair-but-they-certainly-changed-the-way-we-sleep-85173

[@pomponi0]

@@vemundr9263 Yeah, I know, but studies have shown that white skin and red hair don't come from Neanderthals, it's an example of parallel evolution just like Orangutans' red hair (which is caused by a different, unrelated gene)

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

@jesus mohammed the 3rd Homo Erectus is African...Homo Erectus come from Africa

[@mickavellian]

Yeap ans I am proud they invented the PREBUILT condominium

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

@@vemundr9263 you have no melanin because of Albino Dravidian...this is why the descendents burn in the Sun...the Albino Dravidian is the prototype for Neanderthals

[@lindahorkey9391]

This reminds me of the book’s I read Jean M Auel .. this finding is awesome..

[@wooliz4me51]

I liked her Earth's Children series, but it was kind of like prehistoric Harlequin Romance I the amorous sections.

[@catshez]

Aw yes, Ayla 😀 She and the Clan are with me always.. Thank you Jean 🌈

[@shmuelparzal]

You know, regarding the word 'Neanderthal', it's weird but I've noticed that when people are using it as an insult, people often pronounce the word nee-æn-dėr-thėl, but when describing the hominin, a lot of people familiar with the subject are now starting to say nay-aan-dėr-taal. In my own mind at least, it's created a subconscious division between the insult and the hominin.

[@Austin-kh1sv]

That's because most people (apart from experts, and those familiar with the subject) aren't aware that the word "Neanderthal" is derived from the name of a German valley, which is pronounced with a hard "T". People (particularly English speakers) default to the more familiar "th" pronunciation because that's the sound they generally expect that digraph to produce. I think this does, however, serve as a good example of what kinds of people view the term "neanderthal" to be an insult.

[@swtbbyjms3806]

I did a little research. It seems th is preferred.

[@mickavellian]

Well it is my family so I call them Neanthers😁

[@daragildea7434]

There's no such word as "hominin" in the English language.

[@katapinesxc6477]

That's an interesting thought !

[@doggydangerous]

I'm just amazed we can find anything from that time period. Really impressive. Still, so much we are missing. It's like having only two pieces of a 1000 piece puzzle and trying to figure out where your two pieces go and no picture for reference.

[@Silhouex]

You always hear this but it would be more accurate to say we have thousands of pieces to a 500,000 piece puzzle. We have found several different ancestors. Also... I'd say there is a definite reference, us. Does it look like us? Then it might be. That's kinda been the entire history of looking for ancient people.

[@anthonypeterson5618]

Are we certain that Neanderthals didnt make dwellings or thatched coverings? I find it difficult to see that they only lived in natural cave structures.

[@ANTSEMUT1]

They very well might of but those things don't preserve very well, plus I'd imagine they were nomadic to some extent.

[@tonyt.4762]

@ Almost certainly they did. there is proof their predecessors, Homo Heidelbergensis built huts or tents

[@davidsnow9453]

My thoughts are they were better protected in cave's from the element's and predators than they ever could be at the time in artificial structure's and they would be easier to defend their position from enemy's also with plenty of room for the whole clan and communal support.

[@anthonypeterson5618]

@@davidsnow9453 true but availability of cave restricts mobility. Have discovered habitual caves formed a pattern?

[@davidsnow9453]

@@anthonypeterson5618 good point how ever would they really have the need for mobility. They were not necessarily wanderers as there's evidence they actually cultivated. The lushness of the surrounding area's of these cave's they inhabited would host a variety of game for their takeing, aswell no doubt be hosting plenty of wild edibles.

[@gator_teeth]

My favorite human species is Denisovans, but dang man, Neanderthals are cool.

[@TipTheScales27]

Sean Crouch I hope we can find more sites of them soon! The fact that all we have is a finger bone fragment of one denisovan is pretty sad.

[@NinjaSanjay]

Denisova. Is still alive Bigfoot

[@jeremyashford2145]

Bless you for referring to Neanderthals and Denisovans as humans. Video-maker not so much.

[@stephenhaval6769]

Right now I am just 30 kilometres away from this Cave shanadar, greetings from Kurdistan

[@hopedontmope4999]

Ever since I was a kid I was drawn to Neanderthals. Thanks for the great information. I always knew there was more human in them than caveman.

[@andrewfrank7222]

Of course they are human. We can breed with them, and they us. No one ever claimed they are not human.

[@cseguin]

It warms my heart to see historic findings that pop our "I'm a human so I'm special" bubble . . . us humans ain't really all we make ourselves out to be . . . we're just another animal species on a rock.

[@cseguin]

@James Laden Indeed - but not of the _sapiens_ variety . . . it's possible that our cousins were just as full of themselves as we are . . .

[@slappy8941]

Of course we're special; name another animal that has computers. Dumbass.

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

@James L no they are not...they are CaveBeast...not caveMan... caveBeast

[@robertisham5279]

@@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile No they're a different types of humans

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

@@robertisham5279 How??? When it's mixed with Chimapanzee and Dog

[@christianbuczko1481]

Neanderthals were smart, and strong. Im quite proud to have them as my direct ancestors, as im mostly british, i know theres a sizable amount in our dna. Its suspected that dna is responsible for the celtic ginger hair genes as well.

[@redstone1999]

Human red-hair gene mutation differs from Neanderthal's. Seeing we are both of the Homo species, this confuses people. Genetic mutations is vital to species survival and adaptations. Some mutations have a negative effect and reduces the viability of such individuals.

[@christianbuczko1481]

@@redstone1999 negative effects only last until the line does out...

[@FrikInCasualMode]

About 5%. Probably less. Don't overinflate your ego too fast.

[@redstone1999]

@@FrikInCasualMode Did you know you are 3.125% of your Great Great Great Great Grandparents ( 3-GGP) DNA mix. No, none of your 3-GGP was a Neanderthal. :) This means that many of your ancestors carried Neanderthal genes. Upon researching ancient Human DNA, they are finding higher and higher Neanderthal DNA mix. It is estimated that cross-breeding happened several times some 35,000 to 55,000 years ago.

[@FrikInCasualMode]

@@redstone1999 Which doesn't change the fact that I - ethnically Slavic, caucasian male living smack in the center of Europe, am more closely related to Australian Aborigines, Han Chinese, San people or Inuit than to any Neanderthal potentially living couple of hundreds of kilometers from my current location 50 000 years ago. Yes, i most probably have some Neanderthal genes in my DNA - so what? It makes me a person with some genetic admixture, not a Neanderthal. Should i behave like some emptyheaded celebrity claiming membership in one of Native American tribes, because two hundreds years ago one of my ancestors took a wife from that tribe? What's the point?

[@rhm35z]

Excellent presentation!! Very professional and clear to understand. Thanks

[@peterclegg2609]

Never get tired of this type of news and content .

[@truthfilterforyoutube8218]

This is garbage...."Neandertales" , more likely. It's a fantasy tale about a fantasy that they're trying to convince you is not only possible, (which it is not ...and proven)... But now claim is a fact... Which makes them outright liars.

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

You should get tired of people lying to you...you should get tired of people feeding you bullshit and lies

[@dinkledankle]

Ah, the simps have arrived. Time to go, Peter.

[@truthfilterforyoutube8218]

@@dinkledankle didn't your mother tell you self-deprecation was bad for you

[@dataanalyst9343]

Because you have no girlfriend

[@DA-pj3or]

Thank you to the man who posted this to you tube. It's really refreshing to actually learn something. So much mindless crap on you tube but this isn't one of them.

[@debralucas2224]

That was very well done. Thank you 😊

[@realeyesrealizereallies6828]

Only a real neanderthal would be surprised by flowers in a neanderthal grave, as well as art or jewelery....

[@shielamariehankinson3824]

...eye dew, two !

[@Sandra.Molchanova]

Awesome to hear some un-Covid news, keep it up and thank you!

[@lisasargent2841]

Just found your channel & subscribed. Can't wait to learn more more more. Love archeology & so admire archaeologists.

[@philprice3870]

Only found your films tonight really interesting content 😃👍👍

[@Lipo]

I love archeology and paleoanthropology. Thank you for bringing us both!

[@mattsharpe3989]

PBS eons has a great video on Neanderthals taking care of eachother, several skeletons found with substantial injuries that had healed indicating that they had been cared for by others

[@WWTormentor]

Human evolution has always fascinated me. I’m glad to have found your channel. Looking forward to more news.

[@Frank-mm2yp]

BREAKING NEWS: They made string (apparently) Stay tuned... Whenever the archeologists, historians and other specialists in their field cannot figure out something they really do not understand fully, 9 times out of 10 they will rely on the good old fall back position: "RITUAL". The archeological analog of "punting" in Amercian style football

[@saladdays180s9]

We are then supposed to adhere to their ad hoc theories, because they are "experts". Fortunately. we are not encumbered by "rocking the boat" status quo issues, we can piece together all the info that is starting to become available and use it freely to test a hypothesis, and with feedback refine it quickly. There is much inaccurate info on YT too, but at least when it comes to much of what's on the internet, we don't have to pigeonhole everything as RITUAL. Just venting. Cheers

[@john8rechterschot]

Couldn't have said it better. It's always "ritual", for everything they can't explain

[@Frank-mm2yp]

@@saladdays180s9 AGREE

[@Frank-mm2yp]

@@john8rechterschot THANKS

[@maryanneslater9675]

Well, if you can't figure out what need something fulfills, ritual is one of the remaining options. Especially if someone has to take significant time away from procuring or producing food, shelter and clothing to do it. Entertainment and teaching would have been important, but not important enough for many hours of work.

[@ThisIsYourOnlyWarning]

Hey, nice video. I want to offer you some advice. Try to pick one catchy word for your video titles, like “surprised” or “exciting” and not so much exaggeration in them, because people will complain that your titles are baiting them to watch or the title didn’t meet their expectations. I think that will help you get more serious interest and views. You are reporting really important information and I sincerely appreciate your work. I just wanted to offer you some genuine advice. I hope it helps. Thanks

[@ianwilkinson4602]

WELL SAID there is far too much of it, like one headline I read " How Doggerland sank beneath the waves" like Atlantis you might say ? NO, it did not SINK it was inundated by a rise in sea levels over time as many other places were, CLICK BAIT is what it is.

[@mwj5368]

You are right on! The reason I clicked on this was because of the "BREAKING NEWS", yet no interview or at least words from the recent scientists and their new news, just like he was reading from a text book. I actually feel it's another of those click bait titles. I mean, yes it was nice, but I was disappointed and felt he was actually misleading.

[@rene3339]

Very good documentary. Actually Solecki discovered in early 1960ies the grave of a man, which age was estimated at 40 years. The grave had flowers, indicating possibility of some rituals. The remains were dated to be about some 60 K.y olds.

[@claudiosaltara7003]

Superb explanation. Since reading about Shanidar over 50 years ago the Neanderthals became my favorite ancestors Whose reputation was being rehabilitaded.

[@HollyOak]

Why do people constantly assume the Neanderthals were inferior? There was mingling and interbreeding that went on between Neanderthals and whoever were the 'humans' at that time. Sharing of ideas, customs and DNA. That would suggest there was an equality between them. Have you looked at the recent finds of earlier humans found in Australia? One hypothesis says they travelled into Africa before humans travelled out.

[@christopherlawley1842]

Seems humans always do this. Especially the "winning" side of civilisations. The Romans did it. The Europeans did it If the peoples don't match /your/ idea of what is civilised then they are obviously primitive. (stupid idea)

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

Because they were...it is NOT a caveman...it is a caveBeast

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

Stop lying

[@alexabplanalp4455]

@@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile Lol then why are their ancestors the ones making all of the technological advancements? Why are their ancestors the ones with the best societies?

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

@@alexabplanalp4455 bro...a Neanderthal is a Albino Dravidian genetically spliced (mixed) with Chimpanzee and Dog...this is a MONSTER not Human....STOP FUCKING LYING!!!!!!!!!!

[@KathleenMcCormickLCSWMPH]

According to 23 and Me, I have more Neanderthal genes than 98% of the people they’ve tested. And I’m proud of it!

[@Johannes_Brahms65]

This is a nice topic. Could you make some more like this one?

[@mickavellian]

This topic is consuming my life. IF indeed memories are passed through DNA.. SOMETHING has given me an impetus to SEARCH.

[@speakupriseup4549]

Excellent video, human prehistory is such a fascinating topic.

[@marymisdom3955]

Very interesting video. More please. Thank you.

[@Twitchi]

Awesome, thanks for the update :D

[@tomtinkersrezlife278]

Love all the old history keep it up guys

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

This is lies... Straight Garbage

[@debbralehrman5957]

It is wonderful that today that they have put the skull together. A Neanderthal woman about 40years of age. Thanks for sharing this report. 👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻🌹

[@kazimierzmarkiel5400]

In Iraqi Museum in Bagdad during the Saddam Husein rules in Iraq- just on the entrance , the first exposition was there- the complete skeleton from the Shanidar cave. And the Museum itself was making a big impression. In next building there was the library: everybody , who was digging there, was obliged to leave there his original documentation: I have found the works of Layard and Koldeway. Never forget . Stary

[@francisfischer7620]

Beautiful job!? Absolutely fascinating! Really beautiful work!!

[@vickonstark7365]

Very interesting. Thank you.

[@CobinRain]

Subscribed! Most excellent film....helps us to think more clearly about neanderthals. For me the fact that they clearly survived the last Ice Age in conditions where you would need sophisticated technology to survive tells the story. Think eskimo/inuit people today.....so animal skin preparation and sewing skills for a start to tailor tight fitting warm clothes, hoods, mukluk type snow boots essentials to live even one day. So who knows what we will find in future?

[@batintheattic7293]

It's such a beautiful place, too. I wonder what the Neanderthals, looking out of the Shanidar Cave all those millennia ago, would have seen. Would it have looked the same, then? Was it a place that would have protected those inside from attack and predation?

[@MrVvulf]

In the amount of time discussed the landscape would certainly have undergone quite a few changes in both flora and fauna as the climate changed. Several ice ages have come and gone in the last 60,000 years. The temperature of the world was approximately 5 degrees celsius colder and much drier at that time. www.newsweek.com/our-ancient-ancestors-were-forced-africa-60000-years-ago-climate-change-679153

[@christianbuczko1481]

Most likely it was fertile, there must have been good food supplies close as they were hunters mainly. Id guess a river or big water source, trees+ scrubland. That whole area was likely cooler and wetter during the iceage in the north hemisphere than currently. Its not too far from the indus valley and whats remembered as eden in that area of course.

[@jeremyashford2145]

MrVvulf “Global temperature” or “the temperature of the world” as you put it is a fictional concept created to support the not-quite theory of anthropogenic global warming. The temperature variations experienced by the Neanderthals were far greater than a fictional global average.

[@ANTSEMUT1]

@@jeremyashford2145 STFU asshole, just because you don't understand something doesn't mean it's fake.

[@juliamahler8285]

thank you Pete for another great video

[@togodamnus]

I myself think that it is almost comical how every single remote opportunity to jump toward the first available possibility that Neanderthals were no different than modern humans and are currently being offended by the insistence that they are hypothetically being demeaned by any presumptions that they were not artistic and at least as brilliant and sensitive as current day modern human populations. What appears obvious without much conjecture or presumption is that Neanderthals were far more robust, if primitive is too harsh a term. The Neanderthal morphology is distinct and easily recognizable in terms of form and profile. For example, the Neanderthal hand was recognizably different with longer thumb, shorter palm and large fingered, not at all like a chimp or ape, but not much like humans either, same with footprints and footbones, and the rest of the skeleton. I doubt the wall paintings and hand stencils were created by Neanderthals, the hashtag markings from Gibraltar look like someone sharpened a stick, it doesnt look like art. I just dont see how we can scientifically make the kinds of declarative statements and maintain optimal educational value, its just not good science. Its far too conjectural for me to feel convinced with much of the current narrative and mindshares in regards to Neanderthals vs the modern current form of human. Evidence of flowers and plant residues in the depositions means that there were plants nearby the site, it does not mean they made flower arrangements or held funerals. I dont doubt at all that the Neanderthals or other 'archaic' forms of Hominins were in some ways favored and in some disfavored. Larger eyes and nasal features suggest they were favored in terms of sensory capabilities and the skeletal anatomy clearly indicates they were robust and lively individuals with skills and abilities that favored them in what they did and how they preferred to do things. In some ways im sure we were favored. I dont see it as a contest and i dont understand the desire to insist they were not significantly different in many essential and basic ways. Why not draw the same conclusions when discussing H erectus or other concurrent and preceding species? What is the point of that narrative and constantly leading the witness instead of just providing the evidence and fully combing thru the far more interesting discussion of the other possibilities, potentials and hypotheticals? Thanks for reading and keep up the good work, these are super interesting topics and discussions and im always stoked to see new vids on the human/hominin lineage and origins topic. Rock on

[@brianpeck4035]

The amount of pollen found in the burial is probably higher than what would signify blown in detritus. The argument for neanderthal greater intelligence is a response to many years of the alternative conclusion based on too little evidence.

[@ianwilkinson4602]

A great reply and well thought out. What does it matter in the great scheme things what they did and didn't do they were still human, they left us a small legacy in our DNA and we wouldn't be the same without it.

[@ianwilkinson4602]

@faultroy Don't know why but all television/ videos etc., have been dumbed down to be nothing more than entertainment, even the BBC are guilty of this. Either "they" think we are too stupid, or that peoples attention spans are so limited, that they have to sensationalize the content.

[@stripeytawney822]

faultroy your bias shows in that full female comment. only a fool can think insulting half the population is productive. nothing else you say can be taken seriously.

[@Austin-kh1sv]

@faultroy Only women get hysterical or neurotic. Men are perpetually calm, level-headed, and patient. So sayeth the great faultroy, the most prominent sociologist of our time!

[@floridahuntsman7915]

If they were men as us ,they clearly were never dumb. As far as the burial ,with a stone behind the head and the position of the hands ,as if they were only sleeping. Possibly,they believe in an after life or even a recycling of spirit. I have enjoyed learning about them since a child, and we keep learning more .

[@juanh.8836]

I have a hard time believing that neanderthals were anything different than what humans are today. Their cranial size was much different but then again you look at the size and shape of previous civilizations such as the Aztecs or the Mayans and their foreheads look an awful lot like those statues on Easter Island. This didn't make them less evolved.... consider that they had sophisticated Societies . Just because a cranial size of a neanderthal was not the same as a human didn't make them less human.Take for example the difference between the cranial size of a Chihuahua versus a Great Dane. Two different sizes and they both act exactly the same. What I think makes them different from Modern Man has everything to do with environmental challenges that we have long since overcame. Even our eating and hygiene practices have changed the longevity of Our Lives as well as the size and strength of our bodies. If you were living in the last ice age I'm sure you would have had some serious vitamin deficiencies leaving your mental faculties depleted of nutrients... just think of what scurvy did to sailors just a century ago. This didn't make them Neanderthals or less evolved. To be fair, archaeologists have pointed out the differences between the skeletal remains of those who are Neanderthals versus those who are of modern man. To the untrained eye a skeleton of a man looks like the skeleton of a neanderthal. what I say is nothing more than conjecture... But then again, so is what modern-day science is selling....

[@fightfannerd2078]

their brains are way bigger

[@ravendgalnasky1606]

that's my home sweet home thank you Mr Pete Kelly

[@bighorse10048]

according to a resent DNA test i had done. I am in the top group of people with the Neanderthal marker.

[@MikeJones-oo7wi]

@Michael Powell and now with five gee they know exactly where too harvest them from at all times.

[@JeffCaplan313]

And are you a highly intelligent, mostly introverted top-tier STEM/tool user, I wonder....? 🤔

[@bcbconklin]

lots of body hair; I've seen the type...

[@mickavellian]

what is your percent ?

[@aliakturk2418]

I love my ancestors and I love Kurdish people. Holy Kurdistan Kurdistan Kurdistan Kurdistan Kurdistan✌️✌️✌️

[@franco00767]

We have shanidar and gokalitepe both in Kurdistan. My own DNA test shows my ancestors lived in that area for 150,000 years. In my opinion Kurdistan is the great place to search for earliest civilization on earth. We all came out of Africa, a group went to India and all the way to Fiji and Australia. The other branch came to Kurdistan, started farming and domestic education animals. Inter married with Neanderthals and denacavins. And because of climate change and end of ice age moved north to east of Caspian sea to Mongolia, Korea, Japan and inter married to other group of Chinese homosapian. From caucuses and Kazakistan a group moved to Eroupe. Every group have DNA markers that I am certain that can be checked. And prove human movement over last 300,000 years out of Africa. Native Americans are of course the decendent of east Asians and they were in America's for at least for 130,000. They have recently discovered trace of their hunting and tools in southern California.

[@Marchawc]

I really appreciate your channel and your slick documentary style. However, I hope you don't mind, there are numerous, mildly irritating inaccuracies in spelling, pronunciation and data that crop up in your videos. E.g: "auroch": the singular is (an) 'aurochs', the plural is also 'aurochs' or 'aurochsen'. The Dogger Bank (currently just 15 m (49 ft) deep at its shallowest point!) is named after a type of Dutch single-masted sailing vessel, not a 'fisherman' ('visser'). The last cold phase of the last ice age is known as the Younger 'Dryas', not "Dyras (graphic)". That said, you do have a very professional video production and I would encourage everyone to support and crowd-fund your channels. We need more of what you can offer.

[@davidmiller4425]

I live in eastern Washington where they found the kennewick man, in kennewick Washington and I think that this place has massive amounts of new discoveries

[@johnh.365]

I also live in eastern Washington and the Kennewick man remains were a true find, showing Caucasian traits which didn't sit well with the indigenous people and the "professional" researchers who were intent on getting their names associated with the find. So now, Kennewick man is locked away so that no one can study him.

[@davidmiller4425]

@@johnh.365 I actually worked for james chatters a few times over on saint street in Richland, he was the archeologist who did the preliminary investigation, and he indeed had a laboratory in his basement

[@barbratopete6458]

Love your studies Professor

[@aliakturk2418]

We would be happy if you also mentioned the cave found, that is, the name of the old settlement and the name of the region or country. Because Kurds have the right to be happy and proud of themselves like other peoples. Because this cave is on the territory of Kurdistan and so is Göbekli Tepe. Shouldn't Kurds be happy or proud of themselves, admin? 72.5 million Kurds are without country shame on world. Biji Kurdistan long live Kurdistan and independence Kurdistan.

[@dr.marilouhaines4545]

Enjoyed the update. However, as a scientist I am very skeptical of drama.

[@islandmonusvi]

Wishing that archeologists would stop all the psycho-babble and just focus on the raw data at every scale. Obviously, Neanderthal Culture survived and thrived...and passed on their powerful genetics. They must’ve done something right until a massive catastrophe suddenly ended their incredible lineage. As will happen to ours as well...eventually.

[@truthfilterforyoutube8218]

This is garbage...."Neandertales" , more likely

[@mickavellian]

The lineage IS there. the supposed EXTINCTION seems more a matter of dispersion.. Have you noticed the "Asian" features of some people from Finland?

[@daragildea7434]

@@mickavellian The Finnish language is in the same group as Turkish, central Asian, and west Siberian languages. What the fuck does that have to do with Neanderthals?

[@lindseycorum9591]

Hominids that arise from different sources do not evolve to the point of interbreeding, quite the opposite. Homo erectus as well as neanderthals had to be human in order to interbreed with other groups. It's no different than Aborigines and pygmies today, very different and yet fully human.

[@bd4811]

Would like to see more of this place

[@duanewilliams7353]

I'd like them to dig straight straight down in the back and get the spinal column of the giant!!! to get it all have to go a long ways down!!!

[@harrykirk7415]

Anyone would think the cave site featured in this video is a beautiful natural wonder. Nothing ordinary about that place.

[@helenclarke4735]

You know, you can find more interesting comments on the subject than in the video. I'm sure the video was meant to start discussions as meant to inform.

[@dromeiro]

Helen Clarke - Comments are youtube's jewels.

[@jaymanlivecom]

Thanks for making!

[@seanmccann8368]

Modern humans often think they invented humanity, perhaps our forebears were more human than us.

[@svenandersen]

@JRRnotTolkien so you re anti moslem?

[@Austin-kh1sv]

@JRRnotTolkien Pedophilia and fanatic tribalism (unfortunately) certainly existed among early humans. Those darker aspects of humanity aren't the result of the corruption of our species by modernity, they've always been there.

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

Because Homo Sapiens did...and the others that came before... neanderthal are found in caves...not civilization

[@daragildea7434]

@@svenandersen It is a fact that Islam teaches that first, Jews must be annihilated, and then everybody else must either convert to Islam or be killed. I know it is, because I have studied all the major religions of the world, and several minor ones as well. Islam is fascism.

[@robertisham5279]

Tell that to the black Supremacists who like the to use the term Neanderthals as an insult.

[@sOdEeP406mUsIc]

So strange... the cave area and the outside pictures look so familiar and i have never been there before. Then you really gave me goosebumps at 09:45 because the figure depicted there in the drawing is exactly how i am laying and resting as I watch this video/episode. I have a pillow but my hand is all bent also acting as extra head support and my other arm folded just resting over my abdomen and under my chest area. I have never done past life regression, but I have never been drawn to *any* area in *anything* i have seen on a movie, film, documentary, or media at all in my life until I saw this video today. The view from afar especially and looking down into the valley with the zig-zag trail leading up to the entrance of the cave.... and then the picture of what the cave looks like inside at 01:17 and again at 01:27 like i have been there before in some previous lifetime. Wow - honestly never felt this feeling before ever. I have never been to that part of the world. Granted, the landscape itself looks a lot like the mountainous area around Divide, Montana - near Butte, Montana.... my family - my cousins all live around Butte Montana, and my Uncle Marty and Uncle Steve own properties of our families (big ranch and a camp ground area) right near the highway where the Big Hole River runs under the bridge of the highway... the mountain and landscape and the wild flowers look just like the mountain range of that area so maybe I am just having some sort of merge of child hood memory and this landscape shown in your video. Just thought it was so interesting I have never gotten goosebumps before from a video like this. Thought it was worth mentioning even for my own sake.... lol. Thanks for all the videos. I am endlessly interested in our human evolution - especially when it comes to the belief that ancient aliens are involved in our DNA upgrades from Neanderthals to what we are utoday. ETs are friendly and full of peace and love so it would not surprise me that they would want to gift us with their intelligence and knowledge however they could share.

[@stanmuso]

Why'd that neanderthal in a suit kinda low-key look like Robert Deniero at a glance lol

[@bholmes5490]

actually he looked like my grandfather. My DNA test shows 3 per cent Neanderthal, my brother 4.

[@STohme]

Interesting analysis. Many thanks.

[@2rrr2rr]

Perhaps something about the origins & evolution of stone tools

[@christianbuczko1481]

Stone tools predate neanderthals. They got more sophisticated though, and almost as good as homosapians.

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

Neanderthals never made tools...at all...the most you get is taking a big rock and smashing it to get little rocks to scrap fresh meat off bones

[@christianbuczko1481]

@@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile they made alot of tools, axes, blades ect. Also they had bone flutes and other sophisticated technologies comparable to humans. They were top predators, that means intelligence, problem solving and language. Looks wise, you could pass one on the street and not tell they were different, except abit uglier by our standards of course.

[@christianbuczko1481]

@@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile lack of current dna in africa means their decendents did not survive, africa had many groups of hominids, either neanderthals came directly from africa, or spontaniously evolved from nothing somewhere else. Lack of proof in them being there IS NOT proof of them never being there. 90% of humanities ancestors preffered coastal living, raising sea levels 50m+ have covered most ancient sites. Then theres the problem of bones surving, africa is not goot at preserving bones. In fact, as every hominid came from africa, or evolved quickly thereafter, youd expect bucket loads of various species. For lucy, the 1st ancestor known, theres about a total of 3 or 4 known bones. Thats it... for a species which lived millions of years that shows older bones dont last, so finding things isnt going to be easy.

[@lsjohn]

Very good. Thank you. I'm interested in what seems to have been a global catastrophic event between 12000 to 13,000 years ago

[@cathybaggott2873]

Last ice age began 40 000 years ago and ended 12 000 years ago very suddenly, resulting in floods. Possibly caused by meteor crash. Neanderthal groups must have been isolated and displaced by ice age, resulting in much reduced population. Mediteranean hominids largely escaped glaciation but impacted by floods when it ended. All this followed by large volcanic eruption that poisoned land and water so that what was left of humanity had to rebuild.

[@wendyarmstrong823]

Pete, can you do a piece on Charlemagne and the massacre of Verden (October 782)during the Saxon Wars?

[@PeteKellyHistory]

I’ll absolutely be looking at Charlemagne again over the next year or two.

[@PeteKellyHistory]

No risk of that. I’m 83% Neanderthal. We have immunity.

[@wendyarmstrong823]

@@PeteKellyHistory Fantastic Pete! I'll be looking forward to that.Thank you.

[@wendyarmstrong823]

@@PeteKellyHistory Thank you again, voice of reason and logic. I agree 100%.

[@ingwiafraujaz3126]

I second this. If you do, please include the Frisians, as the Saxons and Frisians fought the Franks under Charlemagne side by side. And if you can mention the destruction of the Irminsul, I'd be eternally grateful. Fingers crossed!

[@louisadigrazia1285]

Fascinating. I long for all information on our old cousins.

[@beaksofeagles]

This particular body described at the end looks more like someone who died while sleeping in the cave. They are in a sleeping position with rocks placed at the back of their head. How do they know that this is a burial and not a natural death in situ?

[@70stunes71]

First thing that came to my mind also. What is to say the being merely went there and lie down for sleep, and simply passed away in their sleep? Which is most likely the case...

[@benjaminrush4443]

Excellent - Hope to view more. Thanks.

[@wb5036]

I love history. I love digging into ancient societies. However, this video does not impress me. What it sacks is substance and proper critique. Let’s focus on the pollen first. Is there uncertainty? It sounds like it. What is controversial? Was it in the ground? Could it have been placed there later? Etc. I know almost nothing after watching this. Then, the stone and the resting position. It clearly shows intent. We’re they sick and made comfortable? Was this some sort of lost burial technique (a permanent sleep)? Was this a burial site? There is so much that wasn’t said. I learned very little. Neanderthal lasted a long time. A society doesn’t survive on stupidity. Sadly, I learned nothing about the Neanderthal in this video.

[@Agislife1960]

If you watch the way elephants behave at the remains of other elephants, it's not hard to imagine that the Neanderthal's would've treated their deceased with reverence.

[@robsorgdrager8477]

I scored very high on neanderthal traits on 23 and me, I'm built almost exactly like the first image of the museum display on this video, thick, course straight hair....I guess at least I know what I am 😁

[@bjrnn.2689]

Do you know your iq ?

[@maryanneslater9675]

I would have loved to get my brother-in-law tested. He had a sloping forehead and strong jaw with a bit of overbite, and was physically much stronger than he looked. And had German ancestry. Unfortunately he died young, before DNA testing became popular. He would have gotten a great kick out of it. Because of him, I picture Neanderthals as energetic and stubborn with a penchant for "hold my beer" practical jokes.

[@robsorgdrager8477]

@@bjrnn.2689 I'm 137 the last time I was tested...20 some years ago. Iq is just the ability to understand and retain information. Intelligence I feel is completely different.

[@robsorgdrager8477]

@@maryanneslater9675 I would imagine neanderthals being very wise in a real life kind of way. I also see them as emotionally sensitive beings able to read feelings like dogs do . They seemed almost OCD when making tools and art. I could only imagine they would have a healthy sense of humor as well. 😎✌️

[@bjrnn.2689]

@@robsorgdrager8477 l know a lot of people with high iq that also scores high on neanderthal dna. I think there is a corelation. To me iq is intelligence, and iq corelates positive with everything we see as good in a modern society. Plato knew this 2500 years ago. Thats why he was pro eugenics. I think "the myth of the metals" from " the republic" describes iq, he didnt know back than.

[@djcmission]

My sister's son used 23 & Me to discover Neanderthal DNA, probably from his father's side. I've had mine done by Ancestry, no Neanderthal, but definite Celt (Scot-Irish). I am 3% Norwegian as well. I had read of this before, but thanks for posting. We need to be reminded of our genetic diversity.

[@racialconsciousness6996]

Human beings have an innate attraction toward anything that appears to be mysterious. And that's what drives so many people's fascination with Neanderthals. But the problem is that it's leading people to makeup fantasies about Neanderthals, fantasies about them being far more advanced than they really were. People will see absolutely anything as "ceremonial" or "spiritual", which then gives them the justification they're so desperate for to say things like "...proving that the Neanderthal were highly intelligent, and perhaps even superior beings...". --- Almost everything we know about Neanderthals is based entirely on speculation. We guess what things mean, because we don't actually know. And that's where our personal sentiments end up filling in the gaps, rather than true scientific evidence.

[@Ck-zk3we]

race doesnt exist

[@racialconsciousness6996]

@@Ck-zk3we -- Except for the fact that race can be determined by any genetic or anthropological examination.

[@katrinajarrett4251]

@@racialconsciousness6996 Everyone is genetic unqiue My blue eyes come from the Black sea region from one man 10,000 years ago.

[@ianwilkinson4602]

You only have to watch a few episodes of "Time Team' to verify that :-)

[@erepsekahs]

Terrific stuff, don't stop.

[@michaelchitwood389]

I am proud to count Neanderthals among my Ancestors.

[@michaelchitwood389]

@victor soto only about 4 percent of the time, as i don't panic buy shyte-paper by the truckload like you do, lol! Have fun eating it when the food runs out!

[@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile]

I wouldn't be proud of that...your educators are lying and full of shit...it is not a cave man...it is a caveBeast

[@michaelchitwood389]

@@aNigga_is_a_Crocodile you are too absurdly mistaken to take the least bit seriously. As for "educators", i have not had any in 30 years.

[@patrickbush9526]

It has always been my theory that Neanderthal was a separate species decades before that information was released I have been fascinated by Neanderthal since I was a young boy great video kudos

[@Coachcruzboxing]

Maybe he just died in his sleep(the last remains they mentioned)

[@bootlegapples]

Thanks for the post.As for the material not a fan of the story-book melodrama and eerie music.It's light on new information.It's like it's made for children with short attention spans.

[@andrewgodly5739]

I like how the commentary made the ancient empires that existed around the dig site seem real small and dumb. Be careful, you might offend those weirdos that romanticize empires

[@mallorga1965]

Narration's pace is particularly appreciated. You've got my subscription.

[@ctastrophe]

According to 23andMe I have more Neanderthal DNA than 74% of the user base, though I have 0 of the physical traits my levels of Neanderthal ancestry indicate according to their research

[@christianbuczko1481]

Maybe you got the brains instead of the looks...

[@bjrnn.2689]

I clock in at 97% And my brain is even higher... ᕙ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)ᕗ

[@josephpecoul6532]

Just got on board thanks for the video I appreciate your time you put into it. Cant wait until the next one.

[@shannonmanning6166]

The attempt to distinguish "brutal" from "civilized" is not only a side effect of our own epistomological bias, gained from watching feel-good shows, it is, scientifically, a lie. The picture of a Neanderthal laying flowers gently around a corpse, possibly singing a sad little song, is a beautiful picture, absolutely, but bears, by all evidence, no resemblance to Ice Age survival struggles. Tissue taken from Neanderthal teeth strongly suggests that they were almost exclusively carnivores. The further assumption this video clip asks us to make is also a logical fallacy: that burial practices were a sign of "civilization". This is easily disputed by the Homo Naledi burial site, aged at around a quarter million years. Groups that, for whatever reason, established burial practices where the dead were separated from the tribe tended to survive, while those that stayed close to their dead were at a survival disadvantage for the obvious reasons (disease and predators). While the "Neanderthal super-predator" claims made by some seem to go overboard on the demonization of Neanderthals, the egregious attempts to soften a successful species to the point that we could make a "G" rated show about their lives is, to me at least, ridiculous.

[@nmarbletoe8210]

I agree, "brutal" vs "civilized" is a template we put on history, with little relevance to actual events. Civilization is the most brutal invention of humanity.

[@lauraleecreations3217]

Very interesting! Thank you! I’m glad I found this!!!

[@socialisttrafficregulator2015]

"We are being censored..." No, you're not. You're being ignored. lol.

[@herbertmccray7918]

Hello, Phillip McCray of Louisville??

[@socialisttrafficregulator2015]

@@herbertmccray7918, sorry sir. I'm not.

[@herbertmccray7918]

Thank you, sir. Peace and blessings to you!

[@wooliz4me51]

Excellent video! Thank you!

[@taskenspiller]

"Dating all the way back to prehistory." Ok then, so the cave is more than 6000 years old, which is when prehistory ended.

[@jeremyashford2145]

Prehistory ended a lot later in Africa.

[@taskenspiller]

@@jeremyashford2145 Yes, and that makes his point even less accurate.

[@J.Burrough]

Great video! Have you noticed at 6:51 the Neanderthal skull is not oriented correctly, It’s tilted forward? It’s shown this way in most every display I have been able to find.