Basque Origins | DNA, Language, and History

From the Spanish and French valleys of the Western Pyrenees to the Atlantic coast of the Bay of Biscay, the historically isolated Basque people have lived for millennia.
In this diverse and fertile region, the Basque have retained their unique non-Indo-European language and dialects, Euskara, as well as their own cultural and regional identities. As the surrounding populations of Europe have shifted over the ages again and again, the Basque people remain.
Known today by its inhabitants as Euskadi, País Vasco, or Euskal Herria, the Basque Country has become a region famous for its cuisine and wine of ancient grapes such as Tempranillo, of traditional fishing villages and picturesque cities. Tourism has replaced much of history’s strife. But defining Euskal Herria is as difficult as defining the word Herria itself. In Euskara its root herri can mean everything from village to population to nation. Euskal Herria is the collective identity of this ancient people.
Basque Country has historically comprised of settlements located along the western edge of the Pyrenees, currently organized in seven provinces: Gipuzkoa; Bizkaia; Araba; and Nafarroa on the southern side of the Pyrenees and Zuberoa; Lapurdi; and Nafarroa Beherea on the northern side. Euskara has five main dialects, a non-Indo-European language isolate with no close relationship to any other extant language. Overall, Euskara is spoken by nearly thirty percent, or three-quarters of a million Basques. The vast majority are in the Spanish region. Only seven percent are in the French portion. The French dialects are Navarrese- Lapurdian and Souletin, and the Spanish dialects are Upper Navarrese, Biscayan, and Gipuzkoan. These dialects are sometimes mutually incomprehensible, especially in the case of Souletin. Studies suggest that these dialects branched from a unified Basque language sometime during the Middle Ages and developed according to geographical, cultural, political, and administrative reasons. Although structurally unlike any Indo European language, the official Euskara Batua today contains many loan words from Romance languages --up to 40% of its vocabulary, and a modified Latin script.
The mystery of Euskara’s long linguistic isolation has led to many theories of its origins and possible related languages. Most of these hypotheses are very tenuous, such as Basque-Iberic comparisons based on fragments of extinct variations of Vasconic, Auquitanian, and Iberian tongues, or they are based on coincidence and pseudoscientific speculation, ranging from the popular assertion that the Basques are descended from Old Testament patriarchs to the folk beliefs that Basques are related to the distant Kartvelian populations of Caucasus Georgia to a slightly more plausible relation to the ancient Chechen language, neighbors of the Georgians whose language structure appears closer to Euskara. These models of Dené-Caucasian language families might mean that the Basque and their ancestors originated from the Caucasus. But only the latest genetic studies of modern Basque samples have reached clear conclusions.
Video Attribution:
Miguel Angel Zález
Dolmen de Arrizala o Sorginetxe (Agurain-Salvatierra). Álava..mp4
• Dolmen de Arrizala o S...
Senda Mágica
Dolmen Sorginetxe. Alineación astronómica.
• Dolmen Sorginetxe. Ali...
AUDREY JACOB
Stèles basques musée basque bayonne
• Stèles basques musée b...
Ollie Bye
The History of Iberia Every Year.
• The History of Iberia:...
Links:
Estimating the Impact of Prehistoric Admixture on the Genome of Europeans
Genetic origins, singularity, and heterogeneity of Basques
The Expanded mtDNA Phylogeny of the Franco-Cantabrian Region Upholds the Pre-Neolithic Genetic Substrate of Basques
Rome in the Construction of Basque Identity: Archaeological Arguments
Ancient genomes link early farmers from Atapuerca in Spain to modern-day Basques
A bunch of wikipedia pages with artwork and background:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_...)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquitani
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascones
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novempo...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_...

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

To my dear subscribers, thank you all. You have my love and appreciation. My latest history merch! Sea Peoples meet Late Bronze Age humor! I thought this was pretty amusing. teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102908 Support the channel below! Celebrate the birthplace of civilization and get our Sumerian Shirt | Hoodie | Coffee Mug today! CLOTHES: teespring.com/Sumerian-Clothing?pid=212&cid=5818 COFFEE MUGS: teespring.com/sumerian-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102908 Check out our new store! teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop Get your Sea Peoples | Late Bronze Age Merch below! Mugs: teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=658&cid=102950 Hoodies | Shirts | Tank Tops: teespring.com/get-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=212&cid=5819 Get your Hittite Merch below! Mugs: teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug?pid=658&cid=102950&sid=front Shirts | Tank Tops | Hoodies: teespring.com/hittite-empire-shirt?pid=2&cid=2397 Trojan War Merch Below! Mugs: teespring.com/trojan-war-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102950 Tank Tops | Shirts | Hoodies: teespring.com/TrojanWarShirt?pid=2&cid=2397 To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: paypal.me/NickBarksdale Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium! spqr-emporium.com?aff=3 *Disclaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Join our community! Facebook Page: facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/

[@andybeans5790]

Hey Nick, just a parting word to say best of luck in the future. I joined your Facebook group and was booted by one of your mods for not holding the same opinion on Hawass as him (and because he doesn't know ehat "censure" means). I've really enjoyed following your channel but this incident has kind of spoiled it for me, thanks for introducing me to Chris Hasler and the Ancient Origins site.

[@ehalverson6431]

How about a connection with the Algonquian people’s of the Americas? Is there a connection?

[@ehalverson6431]

I know My haplogroup belongs to the greater Haplogroup of X. I am X2a1. The Basque did come over to the Americas and there was a pidgin language that existed. The map of life, c’est la vie.

[@sparky6086]

More often than not, "Basque Separatists" aren't even Basque. The Basque Separatist movement co-opted the Basque identity. Basque & Basque Separatists are very often confused or conflated in the media. They are two different entities.

[@phoboskittym8500]

Put all this under the video no a stupid long comment

[@fastnbulbouss]

In an old Basque grammar book that I own there is a legend that says that the devil lived for 200 years in the Basque country, and had to leave because after all that time spent there, he still didn't know how to say yes or no in Basque.

[@keridesireeGerBaldi]

Lol

[@belstar1128]

Easy bai is yes ez is no.

[@alexandros6433]

That'd go for classical latin

[@daniaa.oliva-pena7338]

😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂❤

[@EasternOrthodox101]

🤺☦🇷🇺Stop creating myths - Basques are just a Celtic tribe, out of millions of them, nothing special about them, and carry haplogroup R1b just like all Celts/Gauls. They are all descendants of Riphat son of Gomer (Cimmerians)

[@user-fq4yz5ek3r]

Some historians and anthropologists theorize that if a people can adapt to mountain living they stand a chance of keeping thier culture and language alive while the rest of the land around them is swamped by others. All the languages of Europe are related to Sanscrit - the Indo-European languages, except four: Finnish, Hungarian, Estonian..and Basque. The previous three are Turko-mongol,or Ural Altaic languages. Basque had linguists scratching their heads for generations. The presently leading theory is that it's an ancient, Neolithic,pre-indo-european language. It's fascinating to contemplate. .

[@dazai209]

İ have been theorizing the same for kurdish language

[@alfredomontez9641]

God bless and protect the Basque people. Good to see people endure with their unique language and culture through the ages.

[@vizzini2510]

Obviously, there is no gawd, but how have the Basque benefited from isolation? What is their median income or education level, compared to their French or Spanish neighbors? Language is only valuable to the extent that it is used. If only a handful of people speak a language, then it is completely useless, except to further isolate those people.

[@musicadereyollipro6637]

Thank you

[@musicadereyollipro6637]

​@@vizzini2510 Spanish has lots of basque origin words.

[@zaphodtrillian5237]

@@vizzini2510 obviously mumma and pappa were related hey?

[@abruemmer77]

You surely mean, "Goddess Mari protect the Basque people"?

[@xfirehurican]

My uncle, Aniceto Sagastizabal, born in Elorrio in 1940 and using the name 'Gasti', had a successful career as a professional player of the Basque sport Cesta Punta (known as Jai Alai in the U.S.) from the mid-1950s thru the early 1980s in Spain, Italy, Mexico and the United States. He was a 'giant' of a man, yet as gentile and kind as a person could be. I still have one of his cestas and a pelota that he played with at a fronton in Orlando, FL.

[@betterd9160]

That sport is interesting and intense. I’d hate to get hit with that ball. Is it true that the mafia attempted to promote that sport or was it just some movie I watched once?

[@therealrobbdee672]

​@betterd9160 I was about to comment about that! I never heard too much about Jai Alai in my life. Seen it in the intro to old Miami Vice. But, when I was a kid in the 80's I remember hearing about it for sum reason. Turns old Whitey Bulgar was involved w Jai Alai in Miami back then. I couldn't all the deets. But, a quick Google search prolly could fill in sum blanks

[@nicole-y-99]

​@@therealrobbdee672I remember hearing about Tampa jai alai in Florida 1980's

[@lesleymcshanemitchell9651]

The most exciting sport I've ever experienced.Fearless Men One small Ball [[cesta Punta// Jai Alai]]

[@xfirehurican]

@betterd9160 I was too young to know about mafia stuff, but a relative traveled to Cuba a few times and took me with her.

[@MrLuigiFercotti]

Was in the region back in 2000, just a lovely place. No wonder they defended it so fiercely. Was told by a Basque gentleman that they do not sell their land to non-Basque, and heaven help anyone that tries to. I wish them luck in preserving their language, culture and land.

[@Firentis]

That gentleman was a xenophobe and a racist then.

[@adrien5834]

@@Firentis Possibly, but not necessarily. As the OP mentioned, there are sound reasons not to do these things, if you want to preserve your cultural heritage from bigger, and perpetually encroaching, cultures (The Spanish and the French, in this case).

[@charlesjmouse]

@@Firentis Dear, dear. If xenophobia and racism are specific examples of bigotry what does such a sweeping negative characterisation of persons you may have never met and know next-to-nothing about say about you? Might it be possible for someone to have strongly held views without necessarily meaning they are anti anything else? This person may have very good reasons indeed, possibly a perceived need to protect what they value in the face of others who only value themselves.

[@mattklein5498]

@@Firentis But still a gentleman?

[@chrisknox4346]

My sister bought a house in Biarritz along with lots of other foreigners Does that count?

[@Andoni811]

Greetings from the Basque Country, good job.

[@The_Reality_Filter]

Your country has the most amazing food and wine.

[@capsaicincelt8929]

Brother I'm a american but my mother and father are Basque I'm so proud of my heritage and I wanted all to know that it is alive and well in America people are embracing the Homeland.

[@pashakdescilly7517]

@@capsaicincelt8929 is the language alive in your community?

[@akhilleys]

@Isaias Urrutia Hello, Isaias. Sorry for my English. Your last name means "far, or far away place" in basque (euskera) and is originally from Zumarraga, Guipúzcoa (Gipuzkoa in basque) or from Arasolo, Vizcaya (Bizkaia). Search the heraldic shield of Urrutia House writing "Escudo apellido Urrutia" (Shield in spanish is "escudo" and last name is "apellido"). Greetings from the Basque Country. 🤗🤗🤗

[@NeoJhon69]

Greetings from Colombia. ✌️👍

[@ninavongunten122]

My 2nd great-grandmother was Basque origin and she married my great-grandfather Westaway who was from Torquay, Devonshire, England. Their son, who was my great-grandfather, William H. Westaway immigrated to the U.S. and married Sophia Hutson. Many of the females in my family, including my mother, inherited the rare RH negative blood type that can be mostly found in Basque region. My recent DNA test did reflect my Basque, Portuguese & Spanish heritage as well as some other countries throughout Europe.

[@TheLiebde]

I am 0 negative and not Basque, yes, from Northern Spain, but not Basque as far I know.

[@HappyBeezerStudios]

@@TheLiebde who knows. There might be some basque ancestor some 50 generations ago, or none at all.

[@gullybull5568]

BECAUSE your celtic im seeing in this genetic assessment. an ancient race being destroyed by is.ra.Lamites. look at the noses. X is CHRIST chi ro judic pax or TRI - X war in peace peace in war A $$ PROFITEERING machine FROM the pre bab Y Lon days. roland perished fighting SARACCANS. ishmaelites . un believers of jesus.

[@Tina-ju3il]

I am a- and have Basque origins and possibly Portuguese, still learning

[@maddiedogg939]

RH - or + has zero to do with blood type. You can be any blood type and still be rhesus negative or positive. Being RH- just means you do not have the rhesus monkey protine in your blood. RH factor is a marker in the hemoglobin. If you are RH- and your partner is RH+, you may have to have a shot or a series of shots. Depending on the child's RH factor. If the child's RH factor is different from the mother, the mothers natural immune system will see it as a foreign body and attack it as such, causing a miscarriage without the shot. It's very interesting. It is a divergence the scientist cannot explain without saying there is a subspecies of human. And which it would be. The positive or negative. Which came first...the chicken, or the egg..😂

[@mariamushka6506]

I am georgian and I know that we have 300 words in common with the Basque people, it would be very interesting to investigate the folk musical polyphony of these two nations, there is also a lot of similarity in the musical harmony

[@intreoo]

That's very cool. It's interesting how similar the Basques and Georgians are; they both aren't Indo-European, live secluded in the mountains, and have retained their culture and customs through centuries of influence by other states.

[@real_name_]

That's almost a half-century theory, but the recent researches found no reliable relationship between the Euskara and the ქართული ენა.

[@Edm451]

@@intreoo they inbreed with each other.

[@DocStrange0123]

@@Edm451 Are you fourteen?

[@Turkish_Model__1]

Except...the Basque genetic profile is completely different from Georgians. They share almost nothing in common from a Haplogroup standpoint.

[@kayakat1869]

Basque culture is extremely interesting. You should do a video about the Saami of Northern Europe next. We are another indigenous European culture that unfortunately has had to deal with a lot of cultural genocide. We have been instrumental in fighting the Nazis in the far north, and standing up for ecological protections in the arctic. I think it is important to raise awareness of us and other indigenous groups, so that our cultures are more remembered and respected.

[@jakkeledin4645]

And Finns too. We and Same people are Both uralic peoples. Long time ago we was same with Same. That how we separeta is quite mystical THING. Anyway:My best wishes to Basques people. Lovely that there are more than us not indoeurepeans.

[@vercingetorixwulf9298]

I've heard of you. But not sure which country. I think the north of Finland and Norway. I could be wrong ..... I'm from London England UK

[@kayakat1869]

@@magistradox39 "cultural marxism" is just an antisemitic dog whistle, so no.

[@magistradox39]

@@kayakat1869 Why do you think so? The word Jew is not even crossing my mind when I think about Marxists. So, who indoctrinated you to think like that, to make absurd connections like that? I'm partly Jewish over my mother, have jewish relatives in Israel, was for 6 weeks in Israel the last time. Love and the Jewish culture to most part. And Marxism is not Judaism.

[@itallia666]

Many years ago while staying with friends in N. Sweden we took a road trip & toured around Finland & Lappland, i absolutely loved Lappland & the people we met, very welcoming & very proud of their culture. We got lost & it began to snow & blizzard & we couldnt even see to drive & had visions of being buried in our car, in the wilderness & never found 😯 Then to our utter amazement Amidst the white-out, a knocking on our car back window. We got out to find a man beckoning us to follow him to his place, not his home but a sort of cabin he used for hunting but it was warm, dry & we had been found! We ate the best stew ive ever eaten, slept like a log Apparently he had seen us earlier & thought about crazy city people always getting lost or in trouble. When the blizzard arrived he saught us out in case we were stupid enough to get out of the car & try to reach a town on foot in which case we would have def been in trouble. Pleased to say we managed to get our car toured back by a garage & ourselves to " city life" although none of us were city dwellers & lived rurally, in Sweden & me & my pal in England.

[@itallia666]

My great great grandmother was a Spanish Basque, all the females descended from her have the ABneg blood group, including myself & both my daughters, however my grandsons do not have the AB neg group. Ive always known of my Basque heritage & im extremely proud of it, i was born & raised in the far north of England in Northumberland & my Basque gg grandma was brought to my county in 1850 when as a nanny to a doctor from my city had a practise in Bayonne & Isabella came to work for him & his children but all we know is she was from the mountains. She became part of their family & so went with them back to UK & my county. Isabella was firey & very independant & just 4ft 11ins with hair to her calves She met & married my gggrandfather who owned hotels & restaurants in Newcastle upon Tyne city & she bore him 9 children. Im over the moon with this video & have learned much about the land of my ancestors. Thank you thank you

[@donaldcook3112]

. . . ' Italia 369 ' , That is a very interesting story from your familial back ground ; impressive sounding characters of note . I can not recommend to highly the books published under the pysudenim of ' T r e v a n I a n ' , especially ' The Summer of Katya ' and his masterwork In that guise ... ' S h i b u m i ' . Both are set in the Basque lands , where he ( real name , Dr. Rod Whitaker) moved to from the U.S. in the early ' 70's . A most remarkable , prescient , cultured mind who's ' S h i b u m i ' somehow continues to further inform after every reading.

[@itallia666]

@@donaldcook3112 Oh thank you so much, i adore reading esp non fiction but anything to do with my Basque origins & im there like a shot We know so little about my g g grandma only that she was Isabella da Riach & she had no parents they both died by the time she was 18. She had family & would never have been without home & love but she was a very free spirit, adventurous & very feisty. I think she had this relative who worked as a prestigious ladies maid in the city & Isabella went to work under her tutelage eventually becoming nanny to the Newcastle born doctors children. I know Bayonne was where they sailed to UK from but dont know if Isabella worked there or other but she did come from a mountainous area & so she adored being taken to our wonderful Lake District in Cumberland in our neighbouring county which is very mountainous. I have quite a few marvellous stories about her but they are from her life here in UK I will order these books you have recommended, i shall devour them. Thank you again for yr generous reply, i hope fortune follows you & stay wise, strong & brave

[@itallia666]

As a besides, i have just recently completed my birth surname family tree on my dads side & found out im a direct descendant Of a late 1700s lady who was burned as a witch in Dornoch, just north of Inverness, Scotland. I also discovered this ancestor was named Janet Horn ( my surname) was & still is pretty well known & there are several docu's on utube about her. She wasnt a satanic old hag but a well educated lady who researched herbal medicines, understood hygeine & cleanliness in an era without an iota of hygeine, attended women in childbirth for free as opposed to incompetent male doctors who charged fees & really despised female midwives. She was charged with witchcraft as so many midwives & herbalists were charged & burned at the stake in Dornoch. Im feeling very blessed to have on my mums side our Basque heritage then finding on my dads side a direct link to my ancestress who was burned as a witch! Its so synchronistic that most of my life ive been obsessed with wild flowers & herbs, eventually taking a Herbalist course of 4 yrs duration. That was yrs ago but im still learning as new applications for herbal treatments are discovered then the herbs from America or Africa, Australia!!! Its a never ending learning subject. Im very grateful our very old, huge family Bible was available to me for referencing my past & i have kept the family progeny updated into ths Bible section. Just thought id mention my illustrious ancestor. Its so wonderful to find out about WHO you are & from whence you have descended.

[@donaldcook3112]

@@itallia666 . . . That , ' Italian 3,6,9, ' is an even more remarkable ' aside ' to your initial familial discourse . What a story you have there at your fingertips - I am happy to bet that after you have read ' The Summer of Katya ' and then ' S h i b u m i ' ( and please do read in that order - my God , are you in for two treats - more like " r e v e l a t I o n s " ) then you will be implored to begin writing your own fascinating story , more like a ' saga ' me thinks . Trust me , you'll thank me for introducing ' T r e v a n i a n ' to you . On a different but related point . . . ' C u m b e r l a n d ' you cite ... Well , I am ' C u m b e r l a n d ' born and raised and began walking those mountains and fells age 10 courtesy of ' 1st Whitehaven Cubs & Scouts ' and have done ever since , slept out on a number of the highest peaks ( amongst other places ) in days before my youth had gone ; I look onto the more quiet and less tramelled Northern fells from where I live . I'll be back out there , for the first time post - lock down in a few days ... somewhere ' back a S k I d d a ' ... where it is quiet enough to hear yourself ... thinking . Be well .

[@everettamador9885]

Both sides of my families have Basque from both French and spanish...but I have A-pos blood....yet I have cousins on both sides with O-neg and A-neg blood!

[@ddoyle11]

I was in Basque country many years ago, hiking through the Pyrenees. Such a beautiful place, and very handsome people. And the food was wonderful.

[@funniebunnie4u]

My father's side of the family is Spanish Basque (I'm 1/4 Basque), and I am so excited to find this! What a rich culture we got to share in, even here in the States. There's a whole Basque community in Winnemucca Nevada, where my family first settled, when my Great Grandma immigrated, at 17 years old, all on her own. Can't wait to jump in to the video! Thanks again! Love, to all, from Texas! ✌🤠💕

[@sebastianliwinski222]

Apparently majority of them have RH negative blood type with blue/ green eyes which is interesting. I'm myself B" RH negative blue eyes, however I doubt it I have their blood line. There's a region in Spain with Basques people, and they conducted studies to actually confirm that they are RH negative blood type. Weird stuff

[@WhitePillPC]

Same with me, Spanish (1/4), Slavic (1/4) Celt (1/2l

[@rolflin]

@@WhitePillPC lot of spanish pèople is also celtic from galicia to cantabria, even a t castilla there are remains of celtiberic populations

[@lighttheway4694]

That sounds amazing. Are there any really authentic Basque restaurants in your town?

[@harleyanne3720]

@@lighttheway4694 There are Basque restaurants in Boise where we have a large population of Basque. Food here is fantastic. Also we have Jaialidi festival that is all about our culture.

[@josephthibeault9919]

Old proverb: if you keep your language, you have the key that will set you free.

[@poepflater]

Culture is not your friend

[@druid139]

Tír gan teanga, tír gan anam. Irish proverb: A land without a language is a land without a soul.

[@ripsumrall8018]

So English speakers are doomed? English changes daily!

[@bojanstare8667]

@@poepflater That way of thinking is charateristic for new "civilisated" savages and barbars. Who are just admirer of battle, streng, power, killing, "kings and generals" etc. Without silent workers and science will those barbarians stil living in caves with fur and blooded hands.

[@valdivia1234567]

Related to "if you control speech, you control thought".

[@richardmorin5967]

When I went to art school, a fellow student was, like me, of French Canadian descent. Another friend more knowledgeable about the Basques than I told me that although, the fellow student's background was French, hls name was Basque. It was then that I learned that many Basques like my ancestors from northern France migrated to French Canada. I also learned that the Basques are fairer in color than most of their French and Spanish neighbors and blue and grey- eyedness is common among them. Their unique language with ties to no living language is slowly dying on the French side of the Pyrenees but is quite vigorous on the Spanish side. No doubt, the French insistance that EVERYBODY speaks French is causing all the other languages in the country to fade. Breton in Brittany, Dutch in Flanders, German in Alscace-Lorraine, Italian in the Alps, Nice and on Corsica, Catalan in Rousilon, Basque in the Basque country, and Occitan through out southern France are all slowly dying. So why is Basque, along with Catalan and Galego, flourishing? My guess is that Spain's allowing for some regional decentralization as opposed to French centralization with Paris running the country, has much to do with it. A Bien Tot, Richard

[@stephenreeds3632]

It's flourishing because we are becoming more nationalistic. The Basques, like the Welsh and the Cornish who want to separate themselves from the UK, want to maintain independence. In Cornwall, road signs are in Cornish first although a very small proportion of the population speak Cornish. Basque is spoken extensively in Euskadi.

[@kalis4260]

@@stephenreeds3632 Hay mucha imposición!!!

[@dukemarlborough165]

Doesn't matter... you will all speak Arabic or Chinese in the end.

[@ayangdidi5524]

Quite agree with. As a Breton native speaker I can tell you the French government's policy is to squeeze slowly but surely Breton language ( Brezhoneg) pretending that it's a "danger" for France's unity ! As to the Basque language future on the " french" side of Pyrenees, it will be more difficult because " french" Basque speakers and rely on TV' s and Radios speaking Basque on the South side of Pyrenees

[@AntonioGonzalezJr-un1gb]

​@@dukemarlborough165-You mean Spanish, right?😂

[@osasunaitor]

Last year, an Iron Age hand shaped metal ornament was found in a Roman era archaeological site in Navarre. The ornament, nicknamed "The Hand of Irulegi", is believed to be a token of good luck, and contains an inscription in ancient Iberian runes, but the words don't seem Iberian. The first word, _SORIONEKU,_ resembles a lot the modern Basque word _"zorioneko"_ = "of good fortune". This has become the oldest known written word in Basque, dating back to the 1st century BC, and would confirm that the Basque language and people were already well established when the Romans arrived at the edge of the Pyrenees mountains. It was a very emotional discovery for all of us, the confirmation that this has been our ancestral land for millenia. Milaka esker Euskal Herritik guri buruzko bideo puxka honengatik!

[@nikolaykolev1438]

The Basque Language and Sanskrit are similar. The Basque Language is derived from it. In Bulgarian "zorioneku" it is translated as neka e zora/let it be dawn/. Euskadi/nashe myasto/-our plase/lokal,lokal/. Milaka/milata/-The Sweet Esker/e tazi/-is this Euskal/nashe/-our herritik/topal/-warm guri/dom/-home buruzko/buryata/-storm bideo/bide/-be puxka/puska/-placed honeengatik/svouata slava/-its glory.

[@osasunaitor]

@@nikolaykolev1438 there is no factual evidence that links Basque to Sanskrit.

[@nikolaykolev1438]

@@osasunaitor I understand the words because they correspond to Bulgarian words. Bulgarian Language coincides with Sanskrit 90%

[@osasunaitor]

@@nikolaykolev1438 you should write a scientific paper because you are the only person who sees this similarity. Sanskrit is one of the oldest Indo-European languages, a group from which Slavic languages like Bulgarian also evolved. Basque however is not a Indo-European language, it belongs to a different category which no linguist has been able to define yet.

[@nikolaykolev1438]

​@@osasunaitorI'm just comparing the words. I see they have the same root. Because they are the the same or close to understand. Our very name Bulgaria means Blaga/blessed/Aria. The Slavs vere a political fiction of 18th century. Slavs and Sloven are words with different meanings. The only Slavs are the Thracian Getae. Because Getty means glory/gayate/,glorify/gaetae=slava/.

[@carterobrien2958]

Yolande Betbeze, Miss America of 1951, was of Basque Origin. She was beautiful and talented in Opera Singing. She married a man named FOX and had one child. Lived in New York but attended Visitation Academy in Mobile, Alabama in 1946 as a teenager. She was in my Senior Class.

[@petefrys545]

Well done the Basques keep your language and culture and your people will survive.

[@Bautista503dhdb]

Just recently I found out I’m 4% basque even though that’s a low percentage the fact that it’s there says a lot about my ancestry. And now that I know I feel proud and more attached to the basque side of me more than ever so learning whatever I can and it’s language, is a big help thank you for this amazing video ! 🙌🏻

[@GhostlyOnion]

I'm 10%

[@JorgeRamirez-lw5uo]

im 4% basque as well

[@SA-ge5cj]

I’m 14% haha

[@paulahoskins9972]

Are you Rh neg?

[@zaphodtrillian5237]

@@JorgeRamirez-lw5uo that much hey? maybe you are related to your father?

[@lumbro5448]

as a basque and euskara speaking dude it makes me so happy to see this kind of content on yt

[@paulahoskins9972]

I hail from Basques country, and am Rh negative. Could always feel the gypsy in my soul. 💃 Thank you!

[@paulahoskins9972]

Me too! Gypsies Rock!

[@desireedebellis6766]

@@paulahoskins9972 Same here.... rh neg

[@jupiterherranz-wilkinson3787]

Me (fourth - 4) too - also Rh negative

[@ruslan61]

Greetings from Caucasus, Chechnya& Georgia/ Saqartvelo!!!

[@juanc.9814]

From the Basque Country, thank you very much for this very interesting work to which you have dedicated so much time. As a Basque about the mystery of our ability to resist so long I think there are three fundamental factors, our language, our character and our culture transmitted from parents to children in which love and respect for our family environment, culture and people, makes us defend it to death. Your video has made me think that the Basque language deserves to be recognized as part of the Cultural Heritage of Humanity. It still hides many secrets that I hope will be revealed with more serious studies every day. Unfortunately, where we are least valued and protected is in Spain, a country that if it considers us Spanish should be proud of the cultural heritage we represent. Unfortunately, they do everything possible to hide or denigrate our particularity. Thanks much again and Gora Euskadi.

[@derrengui]

I'm from Madrid but I have a lot of basque family and connections, I've been up there several times since I was a kid in the 90's, my basque speaking family are from Navarre and Irun but I also had a girlfriend from Ermua and a couple of friends from Bilbao. Basques are among the best people in Spain, I am obsessed with your language, your cuisine and your traditions Euskaldunak onenak zarete

[@robertolang9684]

ya never conquered but carry the same indo europen paternal as other Iberian that were conquered and replaced , gees what you are talking here shit taken from the ass with fingers , we all know that basks are afrikaners by they cranial fixtures , why still denying facts ? they just marry they sisters and become like that diferent of others iberian , can't you see yhe abnormalities in basque populations ?

[@elisecliftonklitz]

I live in Tennessee and my DNA said I am 1% Basque! That's so cool!!

[@osasunaitor]

Actually we are way more respected in Spain than in France nowadays. Proof is that the Basque language is thriving in Hegoalde (Southern or Spanish side) but it's receding alarmingly in Iparralde (Northern or French side), where the language could go extinct in a couple of generations. I think the Spanish authorities don't really appreciate us nowadays, but at least they allow us to decide how to keep our culture by ourselves. In France they have no choice :(

[@rogerroth7782]

I agree with the Cultural Heritage comment. It seems appropriate. My grandfather had Basque sheepherders.

[@S.J.L]

I was driving through Northern Nevada and there is a strong Basque diaspora presence there around Winnemucca and elsewhere. Interesting culture.

[@nevets2371]

The only thing more surprising than there being a basque diaspora in Winnemucca is someone else knowing about Winnemucca

[@S.J.L]

@@nevets2371 "I've Been Everywhere..." The song starts in Winnemucca, it's the hot spot in Northern Nevada.

[@nevets2371]

@@S.J.L I kinda just view it as that strange town between Reno and Elko

[@troygaspard6732]

To loose your language is to loose your culture. Basque country is striking, that they have held on to it through their language is remarkable.

[@davidrohlader3498]

Basque sheepherders lived in Quemado, NM.

[@Skiis44]

Do you mean lose as in misplace or no longer posses. Loose means to let out or set free or as in I think I’ll loosen my belt, that was a big meal.

[@sophiaschoice6370]

Loved it when I went to the Pyrenees. My mom is neg blood group and has a fixed joint in her thumb. She said she was from Basque heritage. Actually she looks a bit Spanish. Beautiful lady. These cultures should be preserved. X

[@Germanicus_Daimetor]

One of the most fascinating topics of all time! The Basque people, with whom I proudly share a small portion of my genetic lineage are strong, beautiful and unique peoples unblemished by the ravages of history! Truly an incredible feat!

[@dinomann1147]

Yeah... We are not beautiful particularly, maybe the west south ones because the mix with Romans and Celtics

[@janeternst6674]

I just found out I have Basque in my DNA

[@kalis4260]

@@dinomann1147 Muy cierto!!!

[@RealUvane]

Yeah, the hebrew connection is mindblowing.

[@jaguarrising390]

My family originally came from Valle de Mena .

[@jhb61249]

In 1993 I hired an Architectural firm in Idaho, USA. They were Basque. They seemed like very nice, honest and responsible people of highest integrity.

[@junebyrne4491]

I was there once and had one of the best meals in my life. It was garlic chicken. Also incredible wine. I have never been able to duplicate the recipe.

[@SamSpeed90]

The basques have always fascinated me for being a very unique culture, thanks to this very insightful documentary, I know a bit more about them.

[@TheLittledikkins]

And the way they cook salt cod is wonderful, that and their marinated beef tongue served at room temperature. Both of which a Basque neighbor taught me to make.

[@lenajaro6427]

I am a bit confused by hearing that the Lascaux cave paintings are the oldest and also that they are in the basque region. To my knowledge the oldest are the Altamira cave paintings and yes, they are in the basque in Spain...and that is why I didn't want to continue listen to this...

[@uriona87]

i come from a very proud basque family i wish there were more material like this video available i find everything basque fascinating maybe cause i am Basque but seems others would find it interesting too if they knew about it. put more basque related stuff on KZbin

[@oliviabb73849]

It’s very fascinating! ❤❤❤

[@veronicalivell773]

Is it true that most basque people have o neg blood type also have the delta 32 gene

[@TheLRider]

Greetings from your cousins in 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿 We love your country..

[@combatflowarts]

Very thankful for this, as there is alot of hyperbole surrounding the Basque people. Its nice to have someone look levelly at this topic, & just state what is known without riding into other topics. As ive always wanted to know more about them specifically

[@kolobokb151]

Salute Basgue People! From Caucasus!

[@nikohaitas9963]

Salute from Greece

[@juanc.9814]

Salute Caucasus People! From Basque Country!! Proud to be related to the peoples of the Caucasus!!

[@usrainagowno]

@@juanc.9814 what are you proud of? You have completely different haplogroups

[@milybanily]

Kaixo lagun !!

[@Martin-sp4zf]

I see a striking similarity between the photographs of the Basque males shown in the final few frames and the coastal and island residents of West County Galway, on the Atlantic ocean, Ireland.

[@neoac9893]

Gallos 🐓

[@BLFulle]

This was fascinating to me. My ancestors came to New Mexico at the end of the 1500's with Juan de Onate. Most of the people that originally came with Onate deserted leaving only 50 people from the original Onate group. Of the families that stayed all but one family was Jewish. As we started tracing these founding families DNA we found a good percentage of Basque DNA. I saw so many parallels in attitude with the Spanish families of NM and the Basque people. We managed to survive constant attacks from the Native Americans. Our language developed differently than any other Spanish settlement in the World. Many say we don't know how to speak Spanish correctly but our dialect is unique not wrong. It's as legitimate as any other language spoken around the world. We are also known for our isolation due mostly to our distrust of outsiders, mostly Americans, in the later years. New Mexico's terrain is made up of 40% mountainous area. That caused our isolation and also provided protection for us. We have intermarriages with the local native tribes and yet we've managed to keep a unique New Mexican identity that is separate from our native brothers. We also recognize Spanish as our official language along with English. My father's DNA showed 33% British Isles. That was such a surprise to us but as I learn more about European history I understand why he would have British Isles blood, Greek, French, Basque, Spanish and of course Native American. I live right by Indian petroglyphs, Clovis man was found in NM, and now I see I come from some ancient and mysterious people from Europe too. That's just amazing to me! Thank you for sharing this amazing video.

[@Fires755]

Basque are o - rh blood type??

[@Fires755]

Clovis man ?

[@BLFulle]

@@Fires755 Google Clovis Man.

[@JohnTravena]

I saw a documentary about Jewish families who left Spain during the inquisition and settled in New Mexico. Fascinating history.

[@glenncordova4027]

​Clovis culture was thought to be the first native American culture. It is known for its ivory tools and stone spear points. It ended with the continent wide extinction of ice age megafauna. It was first discovered in Clovis, New Mexico.

[@pacalvotan3380]

I find the Basques to be one of the most interesting people on the planet. I work extensively with GIS technology, and would love to one day work on a DNA GIS project that would literally map the origins of all sorts of people...including the Basques.

[@robertolang9684]

really ? but , they are nothing looking Gaul or Celtic they don't have nothing of Hallstatt they have is gagauzia on them

[@maiaiaremko4345]

I am absolutely swept by the importance of the language for saving the cultural values. Hats down Euskadi !

[@mitziefrazier378]

My DNA on my father side show 1 percent of Basque and 6 percent French and 45 present Italian! I am ecstatic that Basque go back to prehistoric time! I love it. My father’s parents are from northern Italy up by France and Swiss Alps! ❤ thanks for posting this Saturday morning

[@ImYourHuckleBearer]

I’m here because I just found out I am 43% Basque. Coming from my grandfathers side. Along with being 47 % Zacateca 🤧 this was an amazing video to answer my curiosities on Basque!

[@ramirochavera2437]

you are indian

[@kck-kck879]

​@@ramirochavera2437You are gay

[@itzelouise8714]

@@ramirochavera2437maybe is you and your trauma and inferior complex🤷🏼‍♀️

[@drunvert]

Mexican

[@berthapritchett9046]

Thank you so very, very much for sharing your research on the Basques. I had the privilege to study with a Sociology professor who was Basque at Richmond Professional Institute( now Virginia Commonwealth University) in 1964. My main interest is the Linguistics; and you really explained so much . I had no idea there would be so much “exchange” between cultures and individual

[@berthapritchett9046]

“Settlers”. I have had the honor of hearing Dr. Hormachae speak his own country’s language! Thank you for this article. With deep respect, Bertha Yates Pritchett (in Charleston, SC)

[@wilfordfraser6347]

This is really fascinating. The first time I ever heard of the Basques was when I had a Basque teacher in school. Funny, handsome, and larger than life.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Thanks for watching Fraser! Glad you enjoyed it and I’m jealous! Sounds like an awesome teacher!

[@giuseppelogiurato5718]

I have a Basque friend who is a teacher... Are you in Nevada?

[@giuseppelogiurato5718]

Lol, "Basque Teacher"... I'm sure he/she didn't teach "Basque" 🤣... Seriously though, where did you grow up that you had a Basque teacher? (If you say "Spain", I will feel really stupid.)

[@wilfordfraser6347]

@@giuseppelogiurato5718 I'm in the States

[@diegoapalategui579]

@@wilfordfraser6347 we are larger than life 😉

[@janetiscute77]

I was shocked that I have Iberian/Basque in my DNA breakdown. Very cool piece! Good job. 😀

[@howardlaird3720]

The Armenian language is very similar to Basque too. Of all the places I have been, the Basque is the one I revisit continually. The place and it's people and culture are like nowhere else

[@badgerfaninnj]

Armenian is an independent branch of the Indo-European languages.

[@Turkish_Model__1]

Except again...Basques and Armenians share almost nothing in common geneticly. Plus Armenian is an Indo-European language...

[@eksbocks9438]

Somebody also said that it kind of sounded like the Georgian language too. I think the only way to tell where it came from is comparing it to other languages. And see which one is the closest.

[@imacup.2667]

​@@Turkish_Model__1facts, armenian is IE while basque is not, but still, it sounds more ironic coming from someoje with a nickname "turkish model"

[@lgmoses3876]

@@Turkish_Model__1 Some basqs toponims `ARARAT,ARAQS,...300 similar words in pure armenian,what you want more.

[@annew7271]

The Basque have the highest concentration of RHO negative blood, Amazing mysterious people

[@BronxBastrad730]

They have the largest concentration of RH Negative outside of Ireland

[@Jah_Rastafari_ORIG]

@TryllaTröllMaistre Fictitious Fables of Europa If you poke your thumb in the dirt, shortly will sprout a tiny Red Cross bloodbank...

[@bicyclist2]

Because of this they can't breed with outsiders.

[@annew7271]

Not really because I am Rho-nehative

[@zoetropo1]

Rh- is 15% of the population in the USA. O+ is very common: I am an Australian of Irish and Breton descent, and I, my sister, my mother, and even my Malaysian Chinese wife are O+.

[@druid139]

I love it when a narrator has a clear accent and pronounces even foreign words properly!!! It allows one to focus on the information, rather than wondering why this is the first time they have seen the word! 👏🏻🙏 Thanks for your fascinating content. I subscribed.

[@coolbreeze2.0-mortemadfasc13]

Interesting. His pronunciation is distracting for me because it doesn't sound like a natural speaking voice to me. Sounds forced.

[@druid139]

@@coolbreeze2.0-mortemadfasc13 He pronounces (Basque friends, your opinion?), really well. He doesn't sound like a robot. He is obviously using a form of standard english, for international comprehension. Granted, there is a strange intonation, but he is clear and concise. You can't fault him. Also, I am guessing, that clear, standard english is easier for CC in other languages to be transcribed properly, with less ridiculous translations. 😆

[@coolbreeze2.0-mortemadfasc13]

@@druid139 I agree. I assumed that he's trying to speak clearly so that non-native English speakers will be able to understand easily. But as a native English speaker, it sounds a bit "stiff." I understand why he's doing it though.

[@druid139]

@@coolbreeze2.0-mortemadfasc13 Hehe, "proper" pronounciation always sounds overly formal to native speakers; as colloquial language is tribal, regional, or socio-economically different from those who created the standard. Look at old b&w movies from the 40s and 50s. Their speech, intonation, and tempo differs greatly from how we speak now. To the point where, it's quaint and comedic. All over a relatively short period of time. Since most would find Chaucer, or even Shakespeare difficult to fully glean today...I wonder how different spoken and written english will be a few hundred years from now.

[@coolbreeze2.0-mortemadfasc13]

@@druid139 I suspect very different. Especially in the US given the influence of Spanish.

[@77Cardinal]

I came here because of a dog. Over the years I have had 4 Australian shepherd dogs. The Austrailan shepherd is a breed that was founded on herding dogs brought by Basques to Australia and then to California when sheep, shepherds and their dogs were imported to build sheep flocks in the hill country along the west coast of America. While cross breeding occurred in Australia and then again on the central coast of California the basic and most desired traits of the original dogs brought from Basque country were preserved. I'm no expert, that's just my understanding. I have a 3 month old Aussie puppy who did a satisfactory job of herding one of my dog friendly horses into his stall this evening with no training. So I came to watch this video because I've been searching to learn how this breed can be so good as human companions and also so reliable as helpers on a farm. You showed the evidence of ancient dog burials and DNA evidence of paleolithic farmers, hunters and shepherds in the region who must have bred these dogs for centuries. I don't know enough to connect all the dots. But it isn't hard for me to believe that the 3 month old puppy who knows how to move and where to stand to gently push an 1100 lb horse into a barn stall is the result of thousands of generations of farmers and herders and many thousands more generations of carefully selected and well loved dogs. This is as good a time as any to thank the Basques for sharing the dog they bred. They are loved and worked and honored on our farm.

[@shanestevens5352]

As a descendent of Basque people I appreciate others making this information available so I might better understand my ancestors

[@alicehardy9094]

videos. I will never get tired of your programs. It's immediately obvious how much work you have put Into the programs. THANK YOU!

[@allisonfisher9304]

I married into a family of Basque origin via Colombia, they are certainly their own people💜

[@johncater7861]

Very well presented. The Basque have been pushed around for millennia and more recently by Franco. Like Welsh and others, I am glad that their language still persists and is now accepted and encouraged. The original guerrilla warriors?

[@neatchipops3428]

No the original capitulators... so the only culture that survived the devastation of Iberians by rome.

[@tntshuffle-9799]

The Basque were a warrior people who just so happened to be good at farming also. They simply knew they wanted to stay out of everyone else's Bullsh*t and expected outsiders to leave them alone. Nothing wrong with that. But of course, they ended up eventually, being swallowed up by politics. It's a shame, really. I love Spain but feel bad for the Basque people. My great grandparents came from that region and many people in my family have RHO neg blood type.

[@neatchipops3428]

@@tntshuffle-9799 They were the only tribe in Spain that DIDN'T fight. Haha, which is why they are still "there." The romans did the opposite of "leave them alone" but then... that's why Spain eventually got the Visigoths... and Vandalized too.

[@Jagdtyger2A]

I find it interesting that the bronze artifact at 14:10 derived from early Celtic invaders depicts a weapon similar to the Iberian Falcata. It also looks like a bronze weapon found in burial tombs of red haired people in China from the same period which also looks like a Greek Kopis blades. That shape of weapon sure got around alot. I will have to look into Indian weapons from the same period to see if there are similar shapes there as well

[@FaithfulOfBrigantia]

The "Iberian" falcata, was actually adopted from the Celts. The Iberians didn't have ironwork until after adopting it from the Celts.

[@Jagdtyger2A]

@@FaithfulOfBrigantia You had better look at the Greek kopis and the Kukri. They all are from Indo European peoples, the Celts included

[@toomanyopinions8353]

Sources?

[@gypsybill]

Wow! That was very informative, thank you

[@Sorrotti]

As an adolescent, my mother would often tell me "You're a hard-headed Basque just like your father."

[@ericlaval9583]

Yes hard headed ! When you compete against a wall with a chistera or à flat wooden racquet it says it all. I was born in Biarritz….but not basque

[@AtomicReverend]

My mother used to say the same thing

[@tamaliaalisjahbana9354]

Your mother was not a Basque? Then you are just a half hard headed Basque?

[@milybanily]

Noooooo ! Hard headed are our brothers from Navarre, not Basques

[@glennvage]

@@ericlaval9583 been lucky enough to travel the world a little bit as a surfer.keep coming back to the first place i ever surfed,because it's the best.not just for surf,but for the people.i go up sometimes to lacanau,doing mimizan and biscarosse on the way.as far down as santander.mostly though,i run up and down between anglet(cavaliers) and capbreton(la piste).a priveledge to have been made as welcome as i have over the years by some of the nicest people i ever met.thank you all

[@brierobinson194]

I never knew about basque! I found it when i did my Dna, 80% Portuguese (from São Miguel, Azores) and the rest Basque!! Who knew?!? Great info!! I feel special! ❤️

[@operator1717]

Been to the Basque Country a few times. An amazing place.

[@inigogonzaloazurmendi5642]

Thanks for such an interesting video! I'm so proud of being part of such an unique culture, and it makes me so happy to see it being celebrated all over the world :)

[@antinoofromgreece6560]

You're so luck. I love basque people. What a beautiful people with amazing country.

[@zoetropo1]

Are you at all related to the Michelin 3-star restaurant's owners?

[@aaronandreso.gamboa1883]

As a Bolivian with Basque blood I feel the same.

[@cristiangalarga4979]

@@aaronandreso.gamboa1883 how you know you have basque blood

[@aaronandreso.gamboa1883]

@@cristiangalarga4979 My grandfather told me that his great-great grandfather arrived to this land prior to the independence to Potosí (as almost every ancestor of Spanish blood Bolivians). That one ancestor, three brothers to be precise, were of the few Gamboas that arrived and established in the Alto Perú, Gamboa is a Basque surname. Now we (Gamboas of Bolivia) are spread across different regions of Bolivia as their decendents moved to different parts of the country.

[@Honeybadger_525]

The takeaway I got from this video is that the Basque language and culture itself was probably a major factor that helped preserve its unique identity, rather than simply just geographic/genetic isolation. Regardless of how and where the Basque culture originated, one has to agree they have had a disproportionate impact on European and world history. They also have fantastic cuisine!

[@jmiquelmb]

Yeah, while Basque Country is relatively isolated, it's not like they're in the middle of some uncrossable mountains or something like that.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Agreed! Thanks for watching!

[@jameswells554]

Due to Basque steel we now know there was pre-Columbian contact between Europeans, Portuguese fishermen most likely, and Native American People near the St. Lawrence Seaway.

[@nunciosidereo4070]

@@jmiquelmb sorry but why do you say that? It s just in the middle of the roman road between Tarraco Cesaragusta and Burdigala (Bordeaux) and Burdigala-Astorga(AsturicaAugusta)-Legio(Leon).

[@nevyen149]

@@jameswells554 The "Basque axe" only pushes back the date of arrival of Europeans to the Lake Ontario area, not the entire New World. The find is dated in the early years of the 1500's, after Columbus' first voyage, and just a hundred years or so before it was previously understood contact had taken place.

[@darylecosgrove3270]

I read many years ago that the Basque language was related to no other Western European language. Fascinating. And what a good story put here by this creator. Thank you.

[@ravarga4631]

PIE or Pre Indo European culture/language.

[@caliburbeats9495]

Could be related to Arabic because the moors conquered their people along with Spain, Greece and Italy. But the moors eventually got stopped at the gates of Paris by Charles “The Hammer” Martel.

[@CountryB4Party]

@@caliburbeats9495Nah, the Basque presence in the region predate the Moorish period.

[@peterhaslund]

I love mysteries and the Basque country is a beautiful place, full of proud, hearty people

[@kimberlyperrotis8962]

Several of those Basque verb cases I have never seen before, fascinating.

[@northstar2839]

You find them in Georgian language too, but a lot more complicated, due to the “screeves” ...

[@pamle1]

Proto-European throwbacks, like the Welsh and others, but they were isolated enough to retain much of their language.

[@kweejibodali7009]

i love the art history, the use of paintings and other art, i am really impressed by the collection in this documentary... I was also impressed by the story of Roland and his giant army sweeping through and receiving surrender, and the painting used to show the ambush of this army on the way back home by the basque people....and then how he recounts how many people have tried to get to know and understand basque communities. and failed. it is so obvious that .. you are in our hood, you don't know it like we do, we will demolish you ! and how can you know them ? their experience is unique... they are part of a culture that survived so many invaders and remained unchanged and isolated. they have borrowed loan words from other languages like latin, but they have also influenced other languages like spanish and french, but in the end, their language is basque, while other countries have taken on the language of their invaders.

[@stevenv6463]

Very interesting that Basques are so unique. Got to love mountains keeping diversity

[@ProteoEuthismos]

Real Uncorrupted European History : Haplogroup R1b,R1a [Indigenous Europeans] [Basques/Iberians. Gaels. East Slavs.] Haplogroup IJ [Indigenous Near Easterners] [Agriculture. Megaliths/Burial mounds. Pottery. Polytheism.] [Hittites. Anatolians. West Iranians. Ingush/Chechens.] Haplogroup I [Neolithic Indo European wave from Anatolia.] [Megaliths. Polytheism. Pottery. Longhouses. Axes. Sailing ships. Flatbread (Tunnbröd).] [Bosnians.Scandinavians.Sardinians] Haplogroup J2 [Bronze Age Indo European wave.] [Ancient Mycenean/Minoan Greece. Rome. Writing. Metallurgy. Architecture. ] [Modern Cretans] And some lesser sporadic influxes of Haplogroup E [North Africa] and Haplogroup G [Northwest Caucasus] [Celtic and East Slavic languages are just the product of Early Medieval Christianisation of previously illiterate (likely Basque speaking) populations. Basically pidgin Latin and Orthodox Greek with Germanic influences (Vikings).] And that's it people. Everything else is a fairytale imaginery fantasy that never actually occurred.

[@michaelmika2995]

I was born in France and my mother often spoke of the Basque area. Nice video. Thank you. Michel

[@Demiurg0007]

Respect to Basque people from ancient Iberia in Caucasus, which is nowadays Georgia. For some strange reason we have quite a few common words and even toponims of viligies. And our language also is not related to any other languages in the world. P.S Dear author thank you for a really great job, very informative and visualy well structured. But when talking about Georgia you showed probably some other country"s map. I am Georgian, and I could not recognized it. Thank you.

[@vgjl1824]

Respect, from the west iberia

[@mananalataria5359]

Here is another hello from Iberia in the Caucasus! 🇬🇪🕯️I am 68 an since my childhood I have read whatever was connected to our remote relatives Iberians of West, whatever was available in our language. There are a lot of similarities in the language, tradition and character of the two Iberians! P. S. There is Georgian region which was historically called Herrieti. It's population Herris. Even in modern Georgian language we have the same word (H)erri, that means nation, population!

[@scottterry2606]

Thanks for this. I've been curious about the uniqueness of the Basque people for a long time. Through you, I can see that their origins are as still as debated as ever but I learned quite a bit about the research.

[@historytales202]

This is so good. Nick would be so proud of what this channel has become

[@Lou.B]

THAT was absolutely GREAT! THANK YOU!

[@danicornea]

Small in number...still great in preserving their identity....Good job ....

[@The_Reality_Filter]

It would be great if you could do a study of the Berber people of Morocco who share many similarities with the Basque even though they live in Africa.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

I think we can make that happen!

[@kilipaki87oritahiti]

@Etruscans civilization Lol no. North Africans has never been black aka Bantu. Black people always lived south of the Sahara desert. Egyptians, Lybians, Moroccas are all Afro Asiatic people related to Semitic; Arabs, Jews and other Semitic people of the Middle East. Just because it's in "Africa" doesn't make it black. Like Americans, are they native? No. Or Turkish people. Are they European/Mediterranean or Asian/Middle Eastern? They adopted a Turkic language with Persian, and Arab loan words, and Islam, yet genetically and appearance wise they are Southern European. And north Africa also used to be inhabited by Celts, Greeks, Romans, and later Arabs.

[@andrewflynn6883]

@Etruscans civilization oh so you're just a crazy person, good to know.

[@lemmeuseyourecvmassunscree9389]

@Etruscans civilization WE WUZ KANGZ AND SHIET

[@JackHaveman52]

@Etruscans civilization And like the scholar that you are, you end with a real flourish. "Uneducated ignoramus"....that's exactly how my professors taught us in how discuss academic matters. (extreme sarcasm) You do realise that you would gain credibility if you'd dispense with the name calling and, in its stead, provide links to studies that would back up your claims. Then, those of us, who could be interested, would take the time to investigate them and maybe even learn something. However, all I see is an arrogant blowhard, who I find to lack any credibility, due to methods that are no better than those of a bully. Please grow up.

[@avirani0203]

My maternal grandfather was Basque. I am always looking for information on Basque history.

[@alexmintz7786]

A wonderful review!

[@carihislop161]

The high percentage of Rh negative blood would also have helped preserve the culture. It's interesting that you see a mixture of DNA on the exterior of Basque Country, but at the heart it's very Basque. If the heart has a higher prevalence of Rh negative that would make sense. Any invaders would not have been able to breed with them. The babies who inherited the 'foreign' blood type would have been rejected by the mother's bodies. Does anyone know if the Basque have myths or stories about the difficulty/rarity of breeding with outsiders? They must have noticed. If your daughters and wives are raped by invaders (which must have happened every time invaders passed through), but thousands of raped women miscarried around the same time it's likely they would have assumed it to be some sort of magical protection by their goddess.

[@olafbitter3999]

It is true that Rh+ blood type is dominant over Rh- so if the mother is Rh- and the father is Rh+ the baby is going to be most likely Rh+ too. BUT if the baby is the couples 1st child they are going to be fine. It's only the same couples 2nd baby at risk because the mothers body starts producing anti-D antibody. That's why in these cases these days the mother is given an injection at the 28th week to stop her body from producing antibody.

[@jmcr1963]

Rh negative blood is common in the whole of Spain. In Andalusia I know lots of people who are Rh negative with no connection with the Basque Country. It is a European gene.

[@TheMeshal33]

Rh- are hybrid by nature

[@motorvating]

@@jmcr1963 But much higher in the Basque people then any other, so indicating the mutation happened in the basques,

[@GholaTleilaxu]

I live among Basques. I don't know about myths about breeding with aliens/outsiders in Euskadi (though I don't yet speak the language), but there are a few jokes (in the Spanish Castellano language) about breeding with your 1st degree cousins. The jokes about breeding with your sisters are taboo.

[@k8eekatt]

Thank you, such interesting history!

[@josedavidpaltanortiz6660]

Very interesting. There is still a lot More to learn about the basques. Thank you for sharing.

[@rhondasampsel2806]

Thank you what an informative video.I knew hardly anything and love hearing about the Basque.Again I am Thankful!

[@mlytle0]

Nicely done! Congrats on just being able and putting out the effort on the pronunciation of the names of obscure tribes, an unappreciated difficulty.

[@chacchel6845]

Thank you for this! I now know a lot more about my basque heritage.

[@hae-meo-sum]

Thanks for uploading this media.

[@viorelpiscanu9425]

Many thanks for this video! Very interesting even TODAY! 😊

[@Angel268201]

My family hails from Asturias, in between Galicia and País Vasco. Gorgeous country!

[@skeptigal8899]

I’ve been there, it’s amazingly beautiful.

[@SandrinesVoxServices]

Yes, gorgeous gorgeous! I am from the French Basque Country which beautiful too and your area is gorgeous indeed! Eskerrik asko

[@patxi601]

We basques and asturians have very good relations and similarities.

[@milybanily]

Cantabria, don't forget Cantabria.

[@dennisfideli.estrella6060]

The best documentary yet ever on this most interesting topic of the Origins of the Basque People... I will watch this video over and over again... from Manila, Philippines...

[@encyclopediapierciana6815]

I'm no expert, but this video looks fantastic! Have to listen to the whole thing, but first signs are great! Very well done! Wonderful way to get a broad overview of the whole topic. Very well done! Thanks!

[@rachelv.doherty9466]

I am a Canadian and Acadian my paternal grandmother was Catherine Basque. Loved her so!

[@drummermomcjs]

Very interesting and informative video. I first encountered the Basque people in Northern Nevada. I was treated to a Basque dinner that was most enjoyable and all from freshly grown produce and livestock. It was delightful and most filling.

[@stevenschilizzi4104]

Thank you for this fascinating overview. I sure do hope the Euskadi people will maintain their language & culture alive and kicking far into the future. And for those who don’t know it, the game of “pelotte basque” as it’s called in France is really lots of fun - both to watch and to play. Worth a go!

[@turriddu6421]

Its also called "jai-alai" and is played in Florida

[@seanazpeitia3023]

Euskadi is the word for lands. The people are called Euskualdunak. Just for clarification

[@nazrulchowdhury4829]

Wish all the best for Basque people. As a supporter of independance for all ethnic minorities, wherever they are, I hope, they will be able to live their life the way they want without any harassment or intimidation. May God fulfill their dream. Ameen.

[@ProteoEuthismos]

Isuldu zaitez putakumia. You don't know what are you talking about.

[@Another_taco.Yes_please]

That was fantastic. Thank you so much!

[@wanderingsoul1189]

One day I will visit Basque region. I've watched an Euskara movie HANDIA (Giant), set in the 19th century, very tragic and moving, full of beautiful landscapes.

[@Anna-tj7mp]

It is wonderful. All northern iberia is wonderful but the Basque country out of this world. I walked it on the pilgrim route but want to return to see San Sebastian....

[@wanderingsoul1189]

wawaooo... Anna, it must have been a great experience on your part. You lucky lady. I'm truly jealous. ♥️

[@Anna-tj7mp]

@@wanderingsoul1189 it was, Wandering Soul. It lives inside my heart. And I hope you enjoy a pilgrimage as beautiful, ideally there, if not, a pilgrimage anyway. ❤️

[@wanderingsoul1189]

Anna, let's see whether the cosmic magic takes me there. I treat every travel, tour as pilgrimage. 🥰

[@berus66]

@@wanderingsoul1189 you'll love it here! Every fibre of your being will dance in the South Wind, between the Pyrenees and Atlantic. People who come here, as tourists, random or spiritual path searchers, everyone love it. The connection is beyond human words. There is lot to explore and reconnect. You'll see ✨

[@monicanecoechea4782]

Thank you for this highly informative video. My heritage is Basque on my father's side... last name Necoechea... and love learning about our unique history and want to visit the Basque country soon. My hope is to complete the Camino de Santiago Frances that primarily goes through Basque country then spend time in Bilbao and San Sebastián. 🙏🇪🇸🚶‍♀️

[@aitortelle13]

You have a royal last name, Nekoetxea comes from Eneko-Etxea (Iñigo dinasty) which was the royal house of Navarre for 300 years. You have royal haritage

[@AndrewEvenstar]

@@aitortelle13 that is amazing and I've never seen her last name before. I'm only watching this video because ancestry updated part of my heritage to Basque. My family came to the USA from Spain in the 1600s

[@kalis4260]

Y de paso por Vitoria también!!! No te olvides!!!

[@rx100z]

தமிழ்

[@aitortelle13]

@@zaphodtrillian5237 wtf...not at all

[@barbarahuff117]

Good show. Good work here. Good job to the crew and all. Thanks.

[@sheavandenbrink2944]

Great video! One thing though, you mentioned the Belgae( not sure on the spelling) and the Gaul as seperate entities. My understanding is the Belgae were Gauls. Again great video, it helps me explain my ancestry to some of my family who keep denying we came out of that region. Cheers

[@dr.floridaman4805]

That is amazing. This is so awesome. I had to rewind and replay what you said about the river Elba. My dude

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Thanks for watching Man! Happy that you enjoyed this!

[@miikapekk5155]

Basque are more Iberian then any Iberians. These people's , their language and culture need to be preserved, honoured and cherished for being so unique and mysterious!

[@diegoapalategui579]

true

[@higochumbo8932]

Basques were not Iberians, though.

[@miikapekk5155]

@@higochumbo8932 People who live and are native to the Iberian peninsula are Iberians, it's a geographical location. Like Britons are not a race they are the group of nations that occupy the British isles. Welsh, Scottish , Irish and English. Iberians are Basque, Valencians, Catalans, Castillan, Asturians, Galician, Andalusian, Gitanos, Arragones, Portuguese and all. Basque people are not outsiders or a foreign entity their place is in Iberia. Also it's not " Basque were not Iberians" they are still around and are not extinct.

[@higochumbo8932]

​@@miikapekk5155 No. Iberians were a specific cultural group who inhabited the eastern and southern coasts of the peninsula. Basques were not Iberian, Spanish Celts were not Iberians, and the descendants of the Tartessian culture were not Iberian. The name Iberia was just bad science by Greek geographers, even if today its use has become widespread. In Spanish, we can differentiate between people of Iberian culture ("íberos") and things related to the geographical denomination ("ibérico"), but in English there is no such differentiation, so when specifically referencing pre-roman peoples of Spain (Hispania), using Iberian to refer to the Basques is not the most correct term. You are specifically making a reference to the Basques in a pre-Roman context (the "most Iberian/Spanish/Hispanic" due to speaking the only surviving pre-Roman Spanish language). If you were talking about ham, for instance, I would not care. That is, in any case, also not correct. The descendants of the Iberians and Spanish Celts still inhabit the peninsula, they just changed their language, it's not like the Romans killed everyone but the Basques. I fail to see how a descendant of an actual Iberian from, say, Murcia, is less Iberian than a non-Iberian Basque just because of the language. So, the people are roughly the same, but the culture has changed, and that is as true for the Basques as it is for any other Spaniard. The only difference with the Basques is that they have kept their pre-Roman language. And finally, Basques did not and do not live only in Spain, a significant part of their land is in France, so the name Iberian is doubly incorrect.

[@diegoapalategui579]

@@higochumbo8932 First...which Basques? There are several tribes within todays basques. Second, the only genetic difference was created by imbreeding, at the end of the day one of many celtiberian tribes. Some more Celtic Or more Iberian than others.

[@AdianGess]

Hello, I'm from Scotland and most of my family down the women are all rh neg. Told we are basque and being for Scotland, knowing how the basque fight to keep there identity is great, something us celtics feel the same. Great stuff

[@sidritqafzezi3958]

As for the record. What you have in your blood indicates that Basques are more closer to prehistoric European hunter gatherers. Hunter gatherers were probably O negative.

[@MiloManning05]

Irish are basque

[@emmp4956]

In Cantabria, a neighboring region, in Euskadi. The blood groups of most of the population are O and A, with a predominance of RH Neg. And we have nothing to do with the Basques but with the rest of the peoples of the Atlantic arc (Celts)

[@thealexprime]

During the Cantabrian wars, the Vascones made a point of supporting the Romans against the Celtic tribes in exchange for keeping their territories. According to historical sources, the Vascones considered the Celts to be invading tribes. ✌

[@leonabug619]

Neither one of my parents were knowledgeable of their origins or ancestors. My whole life I was told that Im half Mexican (dad) half white. I just recently learned that I'm only 19% Mexican, and from my dad I inherited 6% Basque. I inherited 15% of my Scottish heritage from my mom, and she has RH negative blood, as do I and my daughter. My daughter also has 6% Basque, 4 of which she got from her dad. When I was 7 or 8 months pregnant, during a routine visit I told the nurse that I was RH negative, and she quietly stepped out of the exam room, only to return with a Rogam inj for me. She said that my baby must be Rh negative as well, bcuz no way I would have made it to my 3rd trimester if she was positive. She also said dad must be Rh negative too bcuz it's a recessive trait, both parents have to be Rh negative to make Rh negative baby. I don't know if i believe that part though. What are the odds?

[@HepCatJack]

The Athabascan language family (including Navajo and Apache) is apparently structurally related to the Vasconic languages (including Basque). I remember reading something to the effect that European explorers of North America were sometimes able to communicate with certain Tribes using Basque. I do not remember if these were Spanish or French accounts. It's possible that the Basque were not as isolated as is commonly believed. The Basque-Algonquian language is a pidgin that arose for intercommunication between the members of the Mi’kmaq tribe, Innu and other Amerindians with the Basque whalers, cod fishermen, and merchants in Newfoundland, Quebec, the Labrador Peninsula, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Most of its vocabulary consisted of the Micmac, Innu and Basque languages with a little Gascon.

[@peterparker9286]

Mik mak tribe thats Michigan when they invaded us coming down the St. LAW RINSE.

[@maidsua4208]

I have heard or read somewhere that the Basques fished on the banks off Nova Scotia long before Columbus sailed across the Atlantic, and that they traded goods with the natives.

[@jacknimble7950]

Love it! Great Documentary 👍

[@nancygaleucia9915]

This is a great story. Thanks

[@unknownmatrix8424]

thanks for presenting this video. many sailors who joined Ferdinand Magellan's fleet comprised the Basque and seeing this video i am happy to see Guipizcoa, my maternal grandmother's roots.