Building a SHIPPING CONTAINER CASTLE (home).

Check out my Podcast for more interviews - anchor.fm/prop...
This is an extract from an interview I had with Andrew Camarata on The Proper Job Podcast. He talked me through how he built his shipping container castle where he lives and calls home.
Go and Follow Andrew Camarata for the real deal - / andrewcamarata
Other channels that show similar content are -
‪@kirstendirksen‬ - / kirstendirksen
---------------------------------
Videos about simple living, self-sufficiency, small (and tiny) homes, backyard gardens (and livestock), alternative transport, DIY, craftsmanship, and philosophies of life.
‪@ExploringAlternatives‬ - / exploringalternatives
---------------------------------------
Exploring Alternatives is a hub of alternative living video content that they hope will inform and inspire you. Each week, they post a new video about people who are living in tiny houses, vans, RVs, and boats; and people who are exploring long-term travel, minimalism, zero waste living, off-grid living, and more. Exploring Alternatives also sometimes share videos about our own lifestyle experiments.
‪@life.uncontained‬ - kzbin.info...
After years spent not knowing what to do with their lives, they have finally decided to chase what makes them happy. Inspired by our past road trips, the hippies of the seventies, and the alien, Elon Musk, they are choosing to risk everything. They sold their traditional home, quitting their current jobs, and moving from Florida to Texas where they will build a dream debt-free net zero shipping container home.
‪@livingbig‬ - / livingbig
------------------------------------
His name is Bryce, and he is passionate about small space design. Join him on his travels on his journey to find the very best tiny homes, alternative dwellings and stories of downsized, eco-friendly living. He doesn’t just watch from the side-lines though! He also get stuck in with his own small space builds.
‪@FloatingOrbProductions‬ - / florbbydylanmagaster
----------------------------------
They live on a giant Floating Orb, a FLORB. Dylan Magaster, Jackson Peters, Sitara Shakti, and Troy Ozuna make up the team. Alternative Living Spaces is where you can find unique dwellings, Tiny Houses, Van Conversions, and more! Join them and be prepared for the adventure of a lifetime!
Video description
----------
The shipping container castle was built in 2 stages over the duration of several years. Shipping containers are a fast, fire proof and cost effective way of building a structure of any kind and people have used these for offgrid homes.

[@JamesCouch777]

Andrew is a heck of a guy. He is a good role model for any young man.

[@happychappy5135]

Only problem he's a sheeple.

[@odhranbyrne7434]

@@happychappy5135 what does that mean

[@five-starlighting6090]

@@happychappy5135 I don't get where you come to that conclusion...AT ALL!

[@RealLifeMassMultiplayerRPG]

yea imagine 10 billion people with castle . the american dream ! we only need 10 planet

[@_Belteshazzar_]

@@RealLifeMassMultiplayerRPG there definitely isn't 10 billion people. And there is a lot of land to build.

[@JamieMac203]

Andrew has the best channel on youtube, he works hard & gets the job done . Definition of a stand up American

[@neptune4167]

Its just a shame he has soo many ads on his videos. He wasnt always that way; and I get 1 or 2 ads but Andrew has like 7 per video.

[@jbbuzzable]

@@neptune4167 He once said he doesn't feel comfortable taking money through Patreon. I would think it would be preferable to so many ads.

[@MrTaorus]

@@neptune4167 adblock ftw

[@neptune4167]

@@MrTaorus AdBlock sux on iPad but 100% with you when on a desktop.

[@joeradican2023]

@@neptune4167 use Brave Browser...I have never seen an add on youtube since

[@MyFirstYoutubeHandle]

I fucking love this guy. In November when you want to put a coat on, just don’t so you can get used to the cold. Words of wisdom.

[@deth3021]

Also a great way to burn fat.

[@smokerx893]

lol he isn't wrong but uh.. even doing that when you work out in the cold every day you still give a small cheer when you see you get to have 2 full degrees after a week or two of -10 -20 lol

[@pkf4124]

Work faster and youll not need a coat.

[@saucybaka4439]

We've been doing that here in Canada for years

[@DanielTekmyster]

@@saucybaka4439 pretty much what i do here in New York, just suck it up early...but now it's 40F out and i feel like its summer LOL

[@shabadoo24]

This was in recommendations.. The first video I watched was the coal bin video, hooked ever since. Andrew has dry humor, no ego, no clickbait titles.

[@jonathancook4022]

In a world full of clickbait, it's such a releif to come across video titles that are acurate, descriptive, honest and that don't contain the phrase 'You won't belive what happened next' or 'Next level' or 'Insane Highly Skilled God-Level Workers'

[@larsmark]

@@jonathancook4022 Well the titles are not really accurate. Even if a video title does not seem appealing from Andrew you still need to watch the video. A video can say "Watching paint dry" it will probably be hald the video Andrew fixing the paint gun :) So its pretty much the oposite of click bait but ending up with the same result :)

[@SidPhillips]

I 100% agree with misleading titles and bullshit unoriginal titles like the ones you mentioned. As content creators the end goal is to get people to watch the videos, after all why release it on KZbin, they may as well just make it and store it on the hard drive. The only thing the potential audience has to go off is a thumbnail and a title, bit like a book cover and title. clickbait (in my opinion) has become even more prevalent in recent years because traditional media (newspapers, magazines) is losing money due to users switching to digital media, now they are creating even more extreme headlines to sell, more eyeballs = more ad revenue. Then we have youtubers desperate for views. But I think there’s another category - ‘rewarding clickbait’. A great title followed by great content, that where I want to be and I know I’m not there yet.

[@fknsl1]

"The first video I watched was the coal bin video". Hey, same with me. I thought he was kind of a Hack at first, By the end of the Vid, I figured the method to what he does. Then I went down the rabbit hole...

[@yyfreak1637]

@@fknsl1 my first video was changing the wheel bearings on his ford dump truck

[@smeggerssmeghead3100]

Been watching Andrew for years, he is a true mans man, his home is a true man cave. He works his bollox off, bravo.

[@Sahadi420]

Why is Sid Philips talking about his house when Andrew himself has TONS of footage showing it??? His videos are movie length!!!! Sid is just trying to jump on Andew's money train. THUMBS DOWN.

[@augustreil]

@@Sahadi420, Andrew must have agreed though right ? Either way, Andrew's a great person it seems.

[@JamesLeatherman]

"Allright, the job today is giving an interview for this guy from England."

[@BricoleurTV]

The project at hand...

[@djamelhamdia134]

@@BricoleurTV "Levi and I are in this job today..."

[@alanlake5220]

Hell yeah, from the UK

[@Mr22Ram]

Why did I read that in his New York State accent

[@meatwalker]

..for no reason

[@Billy420-69]

I'm a simple man, I see Andrew Camarata and I click.

[@rostrust8043]

Same bro!😁😁

[@robjames7845]

Yup. No questions asked

[@TsunauticusIV]

Guy with nearly a million subs gives time to a channel with only 2k subs. He’s a good dude.

[@SidPhillips]

*3k subs - he’s defo a good guy

[@blkmustang007]

@@SidPhillips 4k now lol

[@geoffrey6000]

@@SidPhillips 4.91k now lol

[@justbe4481]

I came across his video of him installing a radio in his old dodge ram truck with a chainsaw. I was a subscriber ever since. LOL

[@nebtheweb8885]

He has done that a couple of times. Most recently in a video he uploaded on FEB 10th named "Plow Truck Maintenance" at 33:45

[@berryreading4809]

A real man's dremel tool! 😄

[@jeremybaldree8269]

A bulldozer and a chainsaw you can do anything!!

[@constitutionislawofthislan6169]

I did the same thing. Andrew is a true hustler, whatever it takes to get the job done, he does it. Curious as to how old he is?

[@nickabel8279]

Hold up. What? *heads to search function

[@anthonycash4609]

As a 60 year old man now , it sure is good to see there is still some of our younger generation out there that can use there on minds and hands to build something and my I add he makes his living with his on 2 hands and is very good at it. People today need to make there kids follow his videos. And may I also add he is a well spoken and good mannered young man. Very good job Andrew been following your channel for a while now.

[@CarlosAlberto-ii1li]

Good post most young people today have their heads full of mad dogs shit!

[@SidPhillips]

Fully agree, this should be part of the curriculum in schools, make money through your hands - there are many more individual like him. STOP the rise of influencers!

[@CarlosAlberto-ii1li]

@@SidPhillips problem now is that UK is a 2nd America and it's all monkey see monkey do, if you have no teachers to teach then you are sunk, these problems stem from mid 70's parents that did not control their kids and if you do not give you own children 'home education' then don't expect the school to do it because it's not what their job is.

[@joevalencic5275]

@@CarlosAlberto-ii1li Carlos, it is said that imitation is the highest form of flattery. In the "Makers" world, Andrew epitomizes the entrepreneur spirit, born out of a natural curiosity to see just how far a person can push themself to accomplish their dreams. He is respected by this community for demonstrating that solid work ethic, most likely imitated from his father and other hard working role models in his early years. Andrew shows that if you want something, then it’s up to you to do whatever it takes to attain it, and not wait for someone to give it to you or guide you towards your own goals. Blaming a system for personal failure or lack of drive and personal achievement is a foolish premise. I’ve always liked this saying..."If it’s going to be, it’s up to me!"

[@CarlosAlberto-ii1li]

@@joevalencic5275 Not exactly the correct word for inheriting something from your father but obviously a word we all understand, l also comment here or anywhere when people say things about machinery, by all means have respect for any machinery in whatever form is necessary but have much respect for the engineers that created it.

[@basselnayefmohammed5558]

This man has his own experience, distinct intelligence, and effective use of his skills. I love his way of doing things

[@PTrolin]

Andrew has a brain like no other . I love everything he does . "He learns along the way" . Obviously he's doing great because he's doing nice and fun stuff all the time . He also runs a business and lives on it & it's amazing . One of the most entertaining to watch on youtube . Love it ;) Keep doing what you're doing Andrew , peace out from Sweden !!!

[@chaiselabrie6965]

Dude is so young and knows soooo much.

[@oliveacres7743]

Been following Andrew’s channel from close to the beginning. Got me to playing around with creating a channel for our small farm. Then one day I said I really should subscribe to his channel. Then I was really impressed that he turned around maybe the next day and subscribed to my very small KZbin channel. That impressed me. Nice guy.

[@nepaoutdoors8536]

The container castle really is incredible but i could never get past the no insulation. Being warm and cool is something we take for granted, but makes life so much better.

[@ezk9026]

This guy is ridiculously talented to do this stuff by himself for the most part. Incredible

[@mmengyan]

I have been following Andrew for about a year. Love his clear explanation of mechanical repairing things.

[@kman-mi7su]

Sid needs to interview Levi, he's been a "partner" in Andrew's video endeavors since day one.

[@mikeziri]

he's also the Lab Inspector

[@VoorhizL]

yes, unfortunately levi passed away recently. RIP

[@EC4400]

the view , waking up to that view! The sunrise, sunsets, stargazing, autumn colors, snow falls all from that view.

[@lawrenceforbach2627]

Great update with Andrew’s. You’re correct that nothing he’s did comes off as him being lazy.

[@dreadwing01]

Andrew is one hell of a role model. My son and I watch his videos together every time he puts a new one out.

[@jarmstrong2843]

For a young fellow, Andrew is a good role model for younger generations to follow. He is NOT afraid of hard work and has a stick-to-it attitude and ultimately shows folks you reap what you sow. He is very resourceful in the repairs he does to equipment and always seems to get the job done. The best part about his videos are his dogs. The two dogs are his family and one can tell he deeply cares for those cute critters. Andrew is the type of fellow you’d want as a friend since he seems to be a decent, hard working individual.

[@nebtheweb8885]

King Andrew and Castle Camarata. Tenacious, hard-working, and always finds a way to reach his end goal.

[@berryreading4809]

Andrew needs some kind of film award, who else has a wheel come off of their vehicle while going down the road, then while simultaneously avoiding a crash they are able to pull out the camera in time to get the wheel rolling away on video 😂👍

[@normharper4492]

More Americans need to watch your channel and your country would fix its problems with anything. There is something to be said for just plain old hard work, which you have in Spades! Great job Kid... Your parents must be so proud of your accomplishments..... Your friendly Canadian from NS.

[@SouthOfGate]

nice this new version of your interview with Andrew Camarata! Great that you got permission to use his footage as well. I listened the original 50 minute podcast so this is fantastic. Thanks to you and also to Andrew for supporting you as well. He is a very honorable and generous man.

[@thomasc707]

he's a totally inspiring young man.

[@diskgrind3410]

Andrew is my hero! He represents the can do attitude! I've been watching his videos since almost the beginning! I hope some day to meet him and talk and maybe see his finished house.

[@nicholasbodnar7361]

He's got some awesome work ethic. He's local to me in the same county. It's awesome to watch what he creates.

[@cyclonicleo]

Andrew is just a hard working, no bs, simple kinda guy. Likes what he does, tries different things, sees a problem and tries to solve it. His driveway video got me hooked and i've been a subscriber ever since.

[@tonynagy2042]

I dont think i've missed any of Andrew's videos'... they are awesome!.... Cheers.

[@ask4george1]

I admire his work ethics. There are so many people standing in the road asking for handouts. Andrew puts them to shame.

[@Eric-gi9kg]

This was Awesome. Gives a different point of view of Andrew that we don't see or hear on his videos. I'm glad that I was able to come across it. And Yes...I'm huge follower of Andrew's channel.

[@rjbtv2025]

Love Andrew, the dogs and his welding woman that helped him weld the house.

[@davidbray6515]

Andrew is one of the best if not the best on youtube

[@michaelheimbrand5424]

Easily the best channel on KZbin. He does everything I wish I had the talent and energy to do. If I was able to build a house, it would be pretty much the same as what Andrew did. I have a deep respect for this man and how he do things. Yep. I'm an addict of Andrew's videos. I always learn something and love to see someone do stuff in a way that makes very much sense to me.

[@jaysoto1182]

Andrew really is an underrated legend of youtube.

[@JayJay-de8vq]

Andrew is definitely in the top couple percent of the most motivated and creative people that's for sure!

[@dejayrezme8617]

Really nice interview and summary of his castle build, thank you! I'm a longtime fan of Andrew's channel, but I think this is the first time I heard him in a longer conversation with someone haha.

[@SinnisjInsulator]

This is definitely one of the coolest builds I've seen, being a medieval fan as well as a fan of using recycled sea containers for homes. It's so solid and cheap. Just need a sprayfoam friend after lol.

[@williammassey911]

Thanks SID. I listened to your original podcast. This is a nice follow up video. I strongly recommend that interested viewers look up Andrew Camarata. Start at the beginning and prepare your self for the following. He's gonna fix something. Usually because it broke for no reason. The most offensive language you'll hear is "it's a piece of GARBAGE"... Thanks again SID.

[@mikedkc]

Andrew is a great example of what America used to be.

[@jeannefarnsworth9615]

There's still a lot of us out there. My husband and I built our forever home in the mountains of Utah. He was 70 and I was 64 when we started.

[@johnhughes1615]

Thank you. Very cool to hear Andrew interviewed in this manor. Gave me a chance to learn more about someone I admire.

[@jonnyglez3530]

This guy Andrew camarata is a real deal I’m impressed with him big thumb up ⬆️ for him 👍

[@pyrogun1839]

"9 or so, maybe 10" same lol I hate waking up early and doing stuff right away. It's not natural!

[@tjcmay6363]

Awesome job. You reminded me of my dad who passed away 13 years ago. He was a welder and made a camper frame out of metal. He would of thought your house was a smart idea.

[@BoomBoomLou]

This was a great interview with Andrew and hearing the process explained of course you see it done on his channel through a lot of videos but actually hearing him explain things and articulate his process was awesome.

[@MurCurieux]

I don't think you could get more of an accurate picture of what the American Dream looks like than this video. Amazing man. Congrats

[@michaelshepherd733]

Very cool to hear interview of Andrew......

[@pornstarlivesmatter3319]

WHAT AN AMAZING PROPERTY!!!! THIS LOOKS LIKE HEAVEN..ID NEVER WANT TO LEAVE MY PROPERTY

[@semmes5342]

He is one extremely skilled man that can fix almost anything....

[@tylerofviolence]

Andrew is richer than most now more than ever with his accomplishments and passion. Keep up the great work

[@rainman7992]

he is an honorable and ethical man, stands by his work, conscientious. Lives life on his terms.

[@ferrita76]

Very good selection of clips from Andrew's videos!

[@SidPhillips]

Thanks for the kind words Pablo & I also appreciate you sharing this in the Facebook group. BUT I could of done better after reviewing the video several times. I believe it definitely told the story on the container castle coming together, but for instance the paint scene near the end could of been speeded up and I used the sketch up clip twice, plus I didn’t enlarge certain clips. I worked on this for 48 hrs and that’s about my limit until I have to move on to another creative project or I just get bored... so upload was clicked. BUT like my dad always told me, check your work for mistakes before you submit!

[@valuedhumanoid6574]

Who would use a chainsaw to install a new radio in his dash? Andrew Camarata would. Loose body panel? In goes a self tapper and no longer loose. Bolt stripped? Out comes the cutting torch. This guy lets NOTHING stop him, that's his appeal. He is fearless. A few times he almost lost it, but that comes with the territory. Even on jobs where you think he's finally met his match, he pulls out some trick that makes you go "huh...that's clever AF". And his love of his dogs, or anyone's dog is legendary. Just a down to earth workin' machine

[@dafishcooka]

Love Andrew, amazing content creator and an even better mechanic/engineer/master builder/landscaper/architect the list goes on and on. He is an inspiration!

[@garethjudd5840]

Andrew is a real inspiration for running a small business. It definitely helps with plentiful cash, if you continue to live with your parents, don't get married or have any kids. All the money you earn goes straight into your pocket.

[@lorchid23]

Love Andrew... it’s so refreshing to see a hardworking, self-made young man who doesn’t wear skinny jeans or a man bun.

[@andrewmccallum5699]

Andrew Camarata - is one of the nicest guys you could probably meet in your life, watched him for a few years now, if you pay attention each video about what he does is down to the details / really top guy, there's nothing I think he'd not have a go at and whatever he turns his hands to / he does it well. His videos are really cool, always something you can learn and he's happy to share, plus each ending - shows where / what he's been doing, a job well done, plus love the dogs too!

[@jakobibonzo8528]

I like this guy he’s a good role model and I’ve learned a lot from him and he’s funny with some of his videos I like it with the mix of funny and entertaining and educational keep up the good work man

[@roblovegreen]

There is great joy in being a creator. We all are creators, we just have to follow our passion and bring our imagination into reality.

[@robertdominiczak6523]

It’s not about an American it’s about a guy that loves life. God bless him.

[@AbramsExcavating]

As always more great content from Sid and Andrew! Thanks for the video!

[@SidPhillips]

cheers mate

[@deniseh8932]

i watch all Andrews videos they are very interesting

[@nieksalomons]

whats your favorite? Mine are the two videos about installing a new radio with a chainsaw in a car, very funny

[@deniseh8932]

@@nieksalomons one of the recent ones where he got the old jetski's and fixed them. He can fix anything he is great

[@tnolan3176]

Andrew's videos are always interesting whether he is working or playing !!

[@chrisdik5311]

I saw your video for the first time last month and then I saw all of your older videos 😂 greetings from Greece. Your house and your idea of building its brilliant. And the view from the top floor close to the windows it's breathtaking. All this nature it's perfect

[@baltsosser]

That house project was the thing that made me subscribe to his channel. Really a brilliant bit of work. I appreciate it, especially the crenellated walls on the upper floor.

[@zbudda]

I like how Andrew has never E-begged, used click bait thumbnails or even trash talked other channels...and just got on doing his own thing, working hard without the bullshit and fake bling.

[@electricalron]

Thoroughly enjoyed this interview. AC is a hell of good person and role model.

[@BUDSBEAU]

Andrew Camarata IS THE MAN !!! he has the most interesting channel on youtube. i found him a few years ago by accident and have been a follower ever since. sometimes he does tings a little different than other might do it, but it always turns out fine and looks great !!! his castle is amazing !!! more people need building like this to live in, maybe not this size. of course Andrew uses his mainly for work, so i could see him wanting a smaller version using mainly concrete. GREAT INTERVIEW WITH A GREAT GUY !!!

[@backyardbuilttrucks1]

Have watched Andrew from the first few videos , love watching him . Man has one hell of a work ethic , does everything himself . Self made . And great role model for young men that hard work and doing things right pays off huge.

[@bluecollardadventures2338]

this guy is amazing - i think a lot of people want to do things like this but they let 'life' hold them back, expectations and whatnot.

[@sanderbeijleveld5065]

Watching Andrew do what he does best, is most of all as simple but inspiring lesson along the lines of; If you work steadily and faithfully to the (life)goals you have set for yourself, breaking them down by thinking "What needs done now" and "How is this best achieved", you don't have to stress and worry much because You will feel your way to success naturally. Staying true to yourself and standing by what you know to be right is the best way to approach any new Project, Challenge or situation, it is when we are open and comfortable with our own ideas and beliefs that we can be truly open and comfortable with others. Stay true Andrews, you will leave quite a mark on this world I have no doubt, A long time subscriber

[@ducky3545]

I did not know Andrew was a firefighter that adds to the cool factor

[@samueladams584]

Amazing. I'm over here trying to get motivated to build a shed here in the Florida heat and this guy built a castle.

[@rjb6327]

Andrew is admired by every one that watches his videos. Nice guy and a good work ethic. Wish I was young again. I'd love to work with him.

[@stoveboltlvr3798]

I'd love to have the chance to build a structure like this. I think many people would and that's what draws you in plus he's a dog lover that celebrates their birthdays. He must be a good guy.

[@captainobvious9188]

When I think about the equipment and personnel you would need for some random (I.T. guy like me) to pull this building off - that Andrew did for himself - it seems like the cost would become really crazy, fast. So it is just so rad that he did all this. I love stuff like this!

[@Rubbernecker]

AC is an incredible young man.

[@1DerfulSniping]

Well done sid that was very professional and equally entertaining thanks!

[@lifeongps]

Most amazing building ever built! Yes nicer than the Sears Tower! Love it!

[@s.thompson867]

Among us who know, Andrew is a legend. RIP Levi.. :-(

[@myfamilymatters]

Great interview. Have been watching Andrew for a few years. Really enjoyed your video. Thank you.

[@diannehall4190]

My husband and I watch you every day and you are wonderful and what you do. Unbelievable

[@tjm8994able]

Guy is the definition of a jack of all trades.

[@ILkaterlyn]

I have enjoyed his projects since I found his videos when searching for container ideas His love of dogs is honorable as well.

[@DJslushy92]

And it happened again Andrew... i just finished a 12 hour shift, came home and am watching this with my gym gear on... maybe tomorrow. I've been watching for over 5 years now. Great stuff bro.

[@falxie_]

Andrew has been great to watch through quarantine

[@cashk100]

Exactly. I think I’ve watched all the videos Lol.

[@jay-rus4437]

After 26 years in engineering, construction management, and GC business owner, I too use basic lists of things to do in order to stay productive and keep track of progress. Havent ever found a better more effective way to accomplish the same

[@shawnhayden6674]

That was interesting. No big surprise interview break through.

[@meelusine]

He is someone of a kind for sure !

[@TylerDickey1]

Ah man this is gold, Andrew is a huge inspiration, totally follows the beat of his own drum!

[@MindCrime550]

years ago the algorithm suggested a video titled something like "bought another jet ski" and i watched him tear it down and put it back together. good vid but didnt see another until about 6 months ago and i binged the castle build and then all his equipment stuff.

[@alleycatvietnam]

Ahhhhhh....Adventures with Andrew.....have subscribed for many years.

[@user-fu6yu3jj7w]

Too awesome! Ive only seen one castle typa build like this but it wasn't made with shipping containers and it had round tourits and no balcony in the tower type deal either! I wish we could have a thourough tour but ah, you don't always get what you want either! Nice job, good work, it's beautiful!

[@BillyLapTop]

Great interview! Andrew is great material for sure. I drop everything to watch his latest videos. So amazing to watch. Thanks for providing some insights into his work ethic and thinking.

[@mitchellwelke2095]

Great interview Sid! Some of the same channels that I follow or have watched. Andrew Camarata is an amazing individual. He has a great future ahead of himself.

[@SidPhillips]

Thanks mate

[@josianrodriguez1249]

ANDREW CAMARATA IS THE BEST KZbinR OUT THERE.

[@wanderingwade8877]

4:321 This is super cool! He even planned the garage to fit his tank in it. Thank you algorithm!

[@nossa_casa_container9160]

MY HOUSE CONTAINER kzbin.info/www/bejne/b4G7YoCpp9VlhKM MAGIC ISLAND BRAZIL .............

[@ronnetteharvey2002]

I absolutely wanna cry. Why can't the government do things like insure people get homes as safe as this. Cost effective. GREAT design. I love it. Thought I'd add, I've been in 2 home fires. A person never forget it. I don't see how they could.