從「四緣」 說明歷史的偶然性，陶國障《哲人絮語》50

陶國璋 趙氏曾任教於美國Bryant University 、北京理工大學珠海學院、深圳大學、香港樹仁大學、臺灣中央研究院近史所等多間學府，歷任客座教授、副教授、研究員、助理教授、高級訪問學者；
2018年獲中國經濟思想史優秀（一等）著作獎，研究題目包括經濟思想、經濟史、政治經濟學，出版著作二十一部，論文三十餘篇。英國權威出版社 Routledge給予 "中國和西方頂尖學者（leading Chinese and Western scholar）" 的評價。
《趙氏讀書生活》，一個歷史學者的平台，分享學術、社會、政治經濟觀察，請以每月5元美元獲取收費平台Patreon的參考資料、獨家專欄、史學和哲學短講分享：
/ chiusreading
或於KZbin 上按加入成為會員，可獲影片的參考資料
/ @gctalk
/ drgavinchiu
PayPal.me/chiusreading
工作洽談：[e-mail]
Wise開戶連結：wise.com/invit...
virgin 上網連結：aklam.io/lRJws0
octopus電媒連結：share.octopus....
Gavin Sin Hin Chiu (趙善軒) is a well-known academic with expertise in the areas of economic thought, economic history, and political economy. He has taught at several universities, including Bryant University in the United States, the Zhuhai College of Beijing Institute of Technology, Shenzhen University, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, and the Institute of Modern History at the Taiwan Central Research Institute. He has also served as a visiting professor, associate professor, researcher, assistant professor, and senior visiting scholar.
In 2018, Dr. Chiu was awarded the first-class award for outstanding works in the history of Chinese economic thought. He has published twenty-one books and more than thirty papers, and the UK's authoritative publisher, Routledge, has evaluated him as a "leading Chinese and Western scholar."
In his book, "The Political Economy of the Han Dynasty and Its Legacy," Dr. Chiu and co-author S.C. Kwan examine monetary thought in the Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period (220-280 BCE). In the article, "The 'Cold War' between Ho Ping Ti and Academia Sinica. The Changing Political Identity of the Overseas Chinese," Dr. Chiu examines the political and intellectual conflict between Professor Ho Ping Ti and Academia Sinica during the period of 1967-1990.
Dr. Chiu is also the co-author of "The Income of the Customs during Late Ming and Early Qing," a book review of the "Note of the Customs Duties in the Qing Dynasty, 1644-1911," and the editor of "Search from the Beginning: The Intellectual Thought and Education in pre-Qin and Qin-Han Dynasties."

[@kkkam6987]

陶老師晚安，大家晚安，多謝陶老師分享，多謝！多謝！

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！

[@susanlee7572]

陶教授雖然不是佛教徒，但對佛教的了解，比很多人都深入。而且用顯淺的例子說明義理，深入淺 出，獲益良多。佛教與其他宗教不同，佛不是創造者也不是救世主。佛陀發現了如何解除人生痛苦的方法，將理論和方法與眾生分享而已。

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！

[@svork]

多謝陶教授

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！

[@fungkuenlee5140]

謝謝陶先生的哲學導讀。

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！

[@kjbbcc223]

多謝陶教授！

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！

[@natalieng5496]

感恩陶教授精闢的講解😃

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！

[@treepeonies01]

今天仍有不少人相信世界大核戰不會發生，但正如這集所說，世上沒有「不可能」的事，到底也發生了，事後惟有說「整定」來自我安慰。

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！

[@PETERPANPIANO]

👍

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！

[@suetyeecheng1271]

言戴因果例。再接固果因。😂😂天意從心願。🎉🎉🎉

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！

[@neutronstar77]

粵語（白話）太平洋戰爭中的「中途島」之戰，日軍在軍力大優勢下，為什麼會慘敗？本片會解釋美軍勝利的必然性，美國的深層次文化所起的作用。 （請按我的頭象進去看） 。。。。。。。。。

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！

[@wowojune9184]

👍

[@taokwokcheung8714]

謝謝支持！