Cadences - The 4 types explained - Perfect, Plagal, Imperfect, Interrupted

[@goodvibespro]

This is a good presentation of the cadences. However, it would be helpful in this presentation to use the correct Roman Numerals for minor chords and not the major Roman Numeral references across the board.

[@erwinsmith5921]

yes!!!!

[@orpheus2644]

That actually confused me for a bit ngl. Anyone who doesn't know their chords might get the wrong idea.

[@kimspence-jones4765]

Agreed. Definitely took me a few seconds to adjust when I first noticed minor chords notated in upper case.

[@abcrx32j]

Makes no difference for me when it comes to understand what is being shown. But seen uppercase letters with a minor chord feels uncanny anyway

[@jasminecassidy3267]

We got the Roman numeral police over here 🚨🚨

[@blessingitaketo527]

SIR, you are saving my ass in these music classes. I can't tell you how grateful I am Thank you

[@turnercorey2839]

i guess im asking randomly but does anybody know a tool to log back into an Instagram account? I was stupid lost the password. I would love any tips you can offer me.

[@jaylenkylen9705]

@Turner Corey Instablaster :)

[@turnercorey2839]

@Jaylen Kylen thanks for your reply. I got to the site through google and im in the hacking process now. Looks like it's gonna take quite some time so I will get back to you later when my account password hopefully is recovered.

[@turnercorey2839]

@Jaylen Kylen it did the trick and I finally got access to my account again. Im so happy:D Thanks so much, you saved my account !

[@jaylenkylen9705]

@Turner Corey You are welcome =)

[@charlesbarrios4774]

This is the first time I fully understand cadences. I had piano lessons till grade 4 or 5 but i don't understand cadences even though it is in our book. Thank you Sir. Your analogy using nursery rhyme helps.

[@TheBodybuilder4life]

why is a ten minute video easier to grasp than 10+years of music classes? lol thank you for the easy breakdowns

[@annamayfair-diaznovelspoet8436]

What a great teacher, make it so clear and comprehensive, sharing it with my grandkids. Thank you SO much!👏

[@christianweatherbroadcasting]

Repent and trust in Jesus. We all deserve Hell for our sins, such as lying lusting coveting and more. We can't save ourselves, but Jesus can save us. He died on the cross to save us for our sins and rose from the grave defeating death and Hell. You must put your faith in him only. He is the only way to Heaven. Repent and trust in Jesus. Romans 6:23 John 3:16❤😊❤❤

[@isaiaheberly5485]

These videos are helping me though my AP music theory class that I am struggling with, thank you so much!

[@sarahd8093]

Hope your class went well!

[@jamescao2008]

Clearly and simplified explanation for Cadences. Average people who like music but need more music theory to know, it is the good place.to view.

[@theoe354]

Plagal candences are so underrated. They sound so good

[@jeffrininger4075]

Ben, you are a captivating teacher. A clearer explanation could not be presented. Thank you and Bravo!

[@MusicTheoryAcademy]

Thank you! That is really encouraging!

[@velcroman11]

I agree with Brian. IT IS REQUIRED to use the correct Roman numeral to identify MAJOR and “minor” degrees.

[@irismoralis]

Good video! Just why are some of the visuals blurred out? I found that distracting

[@intranexine8901]

He cant show the forbidden NSFW notes on youtube dummy, he'd get banned.

[@blackpanthermcu1122]

It is censored content😂

[@amyyoung6857]

This is so clear, thanks! I am using this to reinforce cadences for my students.

[@AlwaysLearningtoTeach]

Thank you so much! The simplest explanation of cadences I’ve ever heard!

[@gastonpiget1034]

Finally, I understand this business of cadences! Thanks!

[@ulflundberg5029]

Apart from your voice leading mistakes, which others already have pointed out, there is a rhythmic aspect of cadences that you don't mention. The standard rule is, that the V chord, the dominant, comes on a weak measure or part of a measure and then resolves to the I chord, the tonic, on a strong measure or part of a measure. You have it the other way around. Although there are plenty of cases where this rule is not followed, it is still the standard rule and it makes the cadence feel more final.

[@TheTacticalMess]

I’m just now learning theory and stuff so I wanted to ask you, what do you mean by weak and strong part of the measure? To my current understand strong parts would be 1 and 3 of a 4 beat measure with weak being 2 and 4

[@ulflundberg5029]

@@TheTacticalMess In 4/4 the 1 is the strongest beat, the 3 is the second strongest (that is weaker) and 2 and 4 are the weakest. Thus, if you have two chords per measure, the subdominant chord should come on beat one, the dominant on beat three and the tonic on beat one of the next measure in a traditional cadence. This can be upscaled. In a four bar sequence, the first measure is the strongest, the third the second strongest and measure 2 and 4 are weaker. Thus, in a traditional cadence, the subdominant comes on the first measure, the dominant on the second and the tonic on the third measure. This is the basic rule, but There are plenty of exceptions.

[@TheTacticalMess]

@@ulflundberg5029 makes sense thanks Ulf

[@ulflundberg5029]

@@TheTacticalMess Glad to be of assistance. When analyzing or writing music, these things are important.

[@mr.nothing2916]

Thank you so much sir.. Do more videos about music theory.. I learning step by step by your video

[@joseraimondi7848]

Thank You so much for taking the time to explain it so well!!

[@-Mark_F]

Excellent teaching. You have made something that I thought was going to be complicated really easy to understand. Thank you!

[@MusicTheoryAcademy]

Thank you - that’s really encouraging to hear 👍

[@francescodevirgilio3257]

Incredible lesson! Learned a lot. Please do more!!!👏👏👏👏

[@larsolebergersen3216]

Very clearly explained. A small wish would be to avoid all the parallells in the voicing.

[@Leanchew]

I have just visited your website. You are so generous in sharing your knowledge, skills and passion for music. Thank you very much. May you be richly blessed!

[@dineshb26]

Such a perfect presentation!!! Genius!!!!

[@trangnhaaaa]

I'm glad I've found this video. I'd have had better grades if I'd found this sooner haha. Thanks a lot!

[@larsmunch4536]

I saw this, only to check whether the phrygian half cadence was mentioned. It is used to finish a tune by Hans Leo Hassler, used for several old hymns. J.S. Bach liked this tune and made several chorals and variations over it. Paul Simon also uses it in American Tune, but he changes the finish, so in his version there is no phrygian half cadence.

[@naelpontes8444]

2:10 why did you censor the sheet music?

[@badlazarus]

Splendidly organized and factual presentation, very easy and enjoyable to follow.

[@brianhatimbula1992]

I ❤ love this brief and comprehensive explanation about cadences🎼it's helpful coz am a flutist and I like composition.👍🏽

[@williamsun3847]

The way he teaches is very clear :)

[@thomasnguyen6144]

I love the perfect and plagal cadences. I had to identify them for Ear Training.

[@thebloodsalad]

my higher music exam is tomorrow and you have saved my ass, thanks

[@joshuafrimpong5430]

Thank you so much.You just saved my music aural

[@burntsider8457]

Two other cadences often heard are iv -> I and flat VI [aka the Peggy Sue chord] -> flat VII [aka IV of IV] -> I (e.g. in Beatles "P.S. I Love You." Bb - C - D)

[@SimonTittley]

Excellent lesson - very good structure and underlying pedagogical technique (I am 35+ year guitar/bass/music theory teacher)

[@rubemlucasbh]

Wow, loved the didatics. I did learn something very useful today. Thank you.

[@Thiaw-m6w]

Excellent presentation 🙏

[@MikkoRantalainen]

Great video! I hope the video didn't have blurred parts because those look distracting but otherwise this was perfect!

[@DingDongNotes666]

Gosh, went through a few and couldn't follow. Finally, I found you!

[@5966ramesh]

Thank you Ben. Well explained in a very simple and easy to understand way.

[@Otonium]

I loved the clarity of this video. Thanks!

[@michaeljedynak8902]

In the minor keys, why is the V chord not minor so that all chords in the progression/cadence remain diatonic? I understand how a V major chord has the major 7 that wants to resolve back to the root nicely, but am wondering if there’s any other reasoning that can deepen my understanding. Thanks yall!

[@paddysmusic3503]

You've got part of the answer already. In some sense, keys are a relatively modern invention in the history of western music. The modern understanding of keys leads to an understanding of composition that's quite different from what was used before. One such consequence of this new understanding is that music is viewed through the framing of chords, but earlier understandings are framed through single melodic lines. The V chord is major because its third is raised (obviously). When thinking of each of the four notes of the chord in this video's example as four separate melodies, the melody that features the B natural as the second to last note leads up to the C because it is a semitone away from the C. The B natural is closer to the C above it than the note below it, which creates a sonic effect of "leading" to the C. If the V chord had a Bb or minor third, there would be a semitone between the Bb and the note below it (Or at least there should be. The video features an Ab before the B natural which doesn't really make sense in real music. You can think of it like bad grammar), and a whole tone with the note above it (that is the C). Therefore, the Bb would actually lead away from the C and not towards it and would not be able to create a proper cadence or ending. You can look at other notes in the melodies of these cadences to see this working. One particularly satisfying example is the so-called minor deceptive cadence, where the bass note moves up from scale degree 5 to scale degree 6, which is a semitone above. The video doesn't demonstrate this, but in actual music this flat scale degree 6 usually moves back down to scale degree 5 which sounds very cool and powerful in the right contexts. I recommend looking some of these up and I can give you some examples if you like. It is not necessary for music to remain "diatonic". That term doesn't really mean very much as far as I'm concerned because it's an invention that came along with the idea of keys. You can think of western tonal music as being 'progress based'. By progress based, I mean that all of the notes in a piece are progressing or driving the music towards the final notes. This is how classical music tells a narrative or story without using words. Anyway, I hope that's interesting for you. I'm an undergraduate student of music and it's currently early morning where I am. No one's up and I can't sleep so I found myself on KZbin. If you're studying for school exams, don't worry about what I've said. The information in this video is probably all that you need. If you're a more developed musician, I hope none of what I said was in any sense patronising. But, the lack of a broader knowledge on the topic amongst musicians bugs me sometimes and this was a half-good excuse for me to vent some frustration. If you or anyone else reading is interested in things that I've said, I'm very happy to discuss it. Thank you for coming to my Ted Talk. :))

[@kdl0]

@@paddysmusic3503 I think it's to do with natural vs harmonic/or/melodic minor and is just a stylistic choice... I personally think for the sake of clarity of instruction they should have stuck with natural minor, so that they don't have students wondering why they threw in accidentals without any explanation.. because then what you're really doing is changing keys.

[@paddysmusic3503]

@@kdl0 i wouldn't say it's stylistic. The three scales are doing quite different things and in my opinion this is never explained clearly enough. If you think about what they're doing in terms of voice-leading. Natural minor targets the 5th scale degree falling down from the 8th scale degree (melodic minor does the opposite) The harmonic minor provides an upper semitone embellishment on the 5th scale degree and then a lower one on the 8th. This leaves harmonic minor without a link between degree 5 and degree 8 which means it doesn't make structural sense to play through it as a full scale unless you properly articulate the different elements. Scales obviously have utility in performance practice and in reading. But as a composer i don't like seeing them used as a way to loosely teach composition. Everything should be broken down into voice leading which admittedly is more complex but was the way music was constructed until pretty recently.

[@BeyondTheMind007]

Thank you very much, your way of explaining is very concise.

[@zappa3837]

Two questions (for other commenters or the content creator): 1. Would it be helpful to think of a cadence as a period in a sentence? 2. Do blues use a plagal cadence (ie, 1-4-5-4-1)? Just trying to wrap my head around this as a drummer.

[@MusicTheoryAcademy]

Thank you for your questions. 1. I think it is certainly helpful to think of the 2 finished cadences as being like the end of a sentence. However, the perfect and the plagal cadences have 2 distinctive sounds that a period doesn’t distinguish between. The 2 unfinished cadences are not the “end” of the musical “sentence” and so this is where the analogy may break down. 2. In 12 bar blues the chords (I-IV-I-V-IV-I) are considered to be primarily a chord progression rather than a series of cadences. The last IV-I (or sometimes V-I) could be considered as a plagal or perfect cadence, but I think it is more helpful to see it in terms of a chord progression. Hope this helps!

[@zappa3837]

@@MusicTheoryAcademy it does help! Thank you, sir. Again, being a drummer, it’s hard to wrap my head around these distinctions, but you’re gifted at simplifying things, and have helped me along. Thank you. Truly an honor

[@MamaDee249]

Wonderful explanation of a Cadence. Thank you!

[@calcal5135]

Excellent video. Where do diminished and augmented chords fit into cadences. I know that they are often used as transition chords between the chords of the cadences you mentioned. Do you have list of ways that dim and aug chords can be used as transition chords in these cadences?

[@ThomasHope73]

Good question.

[@nealpaddock]

Great video. Explained well, didn't know anything about it but now practising and using. Subscribed.

[@wantnoodles]

Love the perfect authentic cadence on Disgustang!

[@Darth_Jah]

Very helpful. I never knew about such things when I wrote my music, now this will help me have an understanding of how I want to point the directions of my songs. Thanks!

[@annadmr111]

Can you help me ,please. It's very urgent, tomorrow I have exams. What type cadence is it? Chord B flat, A , D , G to E flat, G, B flat, E flat. The home key is E flat major. Thank you

[@MusicTheoryAcademy]

Important note on chord symbols: I hope you enjoy this video giving a basic introduction to cadences. A couple of points to note: Both the minor chords and the major chords are shown in capital Roman numerals. Whilst this is an accepted approach in traditional notation (see ABRSM Guide to Music Theory Book II for examples of the use of this notation), it may have been more helpful for me to use lower case for the minor chords as is often the case - many apologies if this has caused any confusion. Also, please note that for simplicity I have chosen to use “block chords” and not followed the usual traditional conventions of voice leading in 4 part writing (e.g. parallel 5ths/octaves, etc..) in the examples. If you are working on advanced 4-part harmonisations for an examination (e.g. chorales) then you will be marked down for this if you do the same. I will try and do another video on part writing soon to cover this topic. Hope this helps.

[@nickyork8901]

But the key points you wanted to make about why things sound finished and unfinished were there and very well explained, thanks for a good teaching video.

[@redsoil5821]

So good presentation. Perfect .Thank you

[@JocelynBethany]

Your explanation is invaluable. Thank you!

[@jojox1904]

NOTES FOR SELF perfect: ends on I (V-I) (string finish) plagal: IV-I (gentle finish) unfinished: never ends on I: -> imperfect/half cadence (I-V, II-V, IV-V) -> interrupted/deceptive: unexpected (ex V-VI)

[@duyhuynhnguyentuan6266]

omg this video is so clear, thank you so much!

[@williamrich7638]

5:49 - There are parallel octaves between the alto and bass in the V - vi half cadence. There are also parallel fifths between the tenor and bass. All four parts are going up. A worse piece of four part writing would be hard to find. That's why you should never get music theory lessons off the internet.

[@Leanchew]

Wonderful lesson. Clear and so-informed. Thank you so much!

[@Rich6Brew]

Re: Humpty Dumpty. It probably wasn't a good idea to let the horses have the first go at effecting a repair.

[@knobby7342]

Excellent. Well put together. 😊

[@fortissimoX]

Very nice and short explanation. Thanks!

[@jimchallender4616]

A bit beyond a home piano player that's never had a piano lesson, but very interesting. I've known for years that I could use some formal training. Perhaps now is the time.

[@Fra123]

Great video, fantastic explanation, thank you very much

[@HornMouf]

Dude... I needed a video like this!

[@ArgunandMomo]

Is cadence ending on the 3 of any scale only used for key changes?

[@马特top10]

Can't wait to watch all your videos!

[@atakurt6055]

I love this video. I keep coming back to it

[@anzatzi]

Great examples! Learned a lot

[@mitsunori222000]

Well explained. Thank you.

[@velcroman11]

Wall chart is very useful, thank you.

[@hoodpianogirl]

Thank you!!! soooo useful for my upcoming grade 5 exam

[@porkcade6958]

Really good teaching

[@pancakepals-3231]

2:32 3:34 4:43 5:38

[@kleeby4462]

What's it called if you go from say C to C minor to G? Sounds very cadencyish to me or is that something different. For context the verse is E minor and the Chorus is G mayor. Oh and amazing video, really concise ❤

[@peggywynn]

It's simple and hope I understand it.

[@musiclovers.sabyasachi]

Thanks a lot for elaborated explanation.... 🙏

[@jasonrsk8]

Great Lesson Dude! Thanks!

[@claudita3669]

This was very helpful, thank you.

[@NONE2NONE]

Regarding the Unfinished I-V cadence...why is it that we desire to hear the I? Is it because we've been trained to through popular music examples, or is there some type of evolution in wanting to hear that cadence finish?

[@FrostDirt]

That's because the V chord in major chord contains the 7th note which is a semitone away from being the tonic. This semitone difference has a very strong tendency to resolve to the tonic.

[@FrostDirt]

I urge you to learn about stable and unstable tones.

[@NONE2NONE]

@@FrostDirt Yes, and we all recognize this tension and release to the I. But the question is if our "recognition" of this transition is based on evolution or just trained listening of popular music transitions in our lifetime.

[@MikkoRantalainen]

For examples of all these in a single song, try Ghost Love Score by Nightwish.

[@talasadaqa5452]

Great Explanation! Thank you

[@producing8996]

very good explained thank you

[@haplozetetic9519]

Nice explanation, but was the audio in this intentionally set 20dB below normal?

[@alexwong8076]

Is it relevant to the broken chords?

[@Phoboss32]

Please do more Videos!

[@jorgeparr3002]

Awesome stuff Sir 👏 THANK YOU SO MUCH SIR 🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉THANK YOU

[@kristofcserna]

Why did you play major chord on V in minor 5:O3 ? It's minor chord as well, isn't it? (it builds up of 1.minor 2.diminished 3. major 4.minor 5.minor 6.major 7.major)

[@MusicTheoryAcademy]

Thank you for your question. Chord V in a minor key depends on whether you are playing in the natural or harmonic minor. In the natural minor chord V is a minor. However, in the harmonic minor scale the 7th note (leading note) is raised by a semitone (half step) and so chord V becomes a major chord. I chose to use the harmonic minor in the example as I feel it gives a strong sense of the “sound” of the cadence. Hope this helps. All the best!

[@Dave-gf3kd]

Very educational and well presented! Thank You!

[@tchaikovosky]

Thank you so much for this video! I learnt a lot

[@eos6935]

I've been wondering what 'cadence' meant for too long; thanks for the explanation. Off-topic, but does anyone know what font is used in the titles of these slides, such as in the title 'What is a Cadence?' at the beginning of the video?

[@flooaquarius4719]

It’s called Copperplate

[@dimo5058]

Thank you so much! This helped a ton!

[@auntumn.dog09]

thank you so much, i was able to understand thanks to you

[@Amoresimz]

Where should we find the link

[@ArkansasGamers]

Why are some of the notes blurred???

[@Quackers42069]

idk

[@smkh2890]

My only question is why should we consider Three to be a Tonic?

[@shannonwan3767]

How come some of the notes were blurred?

[@oscarhiggins2340]

thank you

[@KS-ng6zg]

One of the most perfect examples of "Interrupted" cadence I can think of that this video made me realize the theory behind it being *so* satisfying to me - is the end of the song "6 Underground" by Sneaker Pimps. That little upturned drum-ish sound at the end? Oh my Gods - I finally know why I love it so much, and what it's called. Thank you so much, MusicTheoryAcademy!

[@annadmr111]

Can you help me ,please. It's very urgent, tomorrow I have exams. What type cadence is it? Chord B flat, A , D , G to E flat, G, B flat, E flat. The home key is E flat major. Thank you

[@ReegyDee]

Is it also called a cadence for speech? Like I always felt like some Chinese words sound "unfinished" or like a question.. "ni hao ma"

[@manuthwickramanayaka4667]

Thank you 😊 sir...I can identify cadences❤

[@mattiacrispino2602]

This is pure gold. Thank you so much 🤍

[@Nicolas-of6li]

thank you!

[@jesusvillavicencio2169]

Thank you! What kind of cadence would be the song "Smell like teen spirit" by Nirvana?

[@bobosiridalata]

decadence