Callisto:The Oldest Surface in the Solar System

Discover Callisto, the last of Jupiter's moons, and what we might yet learn about it.
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TopTenz: / toptenznet
Today I Found Out: / todayifoundout
Highlight History: / @highlighthistory
Business Blaze: / @brainblaze6526
Casual Criminalist: / thecasualcriminalist
Decoding the Unknown: / @decodingtheunknown2373

[@Blue_Phoenix24]

Simon needs to start his 100th channel: Astrographics 😄

[@Hamzakhan-dt3gv]

True

[@KawaiiKasai]

Astrographics is definitely growing on me

[@siddhantroy9539]

Yeah

[@shutup-gc2yk]

Oh, 100th? That was last week, it'd be the 350th

[@shiftymcgee9359]

Cosmo graphics?

[@HeavyTopspin]

In my 50s and still can't help but chuckle at "lovingly probe Uranus" said with a straight face. Thank you for making my morning!

[@perniciouspete4986]

As long as it's "lovingly"

[@slaphappyduplenty2436]

Just remember to use plenty of Astroglide.

[@MrTexasDan]

Mission Control ... Ready for trans-Uranal injection.

[@felironmaden1429]

It's the little things that make life worthwhile. Keep being Peter Pan, you're only as old as you drink you are!

[@davidelliott5843]

@@perniciouspete4986 If you must but please keep it little.

[@ZanzatheDivine]

Oh boy, a rerun!

[@billp6602]

Ok whew. Thought I was losing it

[@MistahBryan]

Thought so...

[@GhostRydr1172]

The original video was uploaded with a chunk of the closing minutes missing, so I figure this is to compensate.

[@giselematthews7949]

Don't think so dude.

[@eddiehancockii]

I hadn't watched it yet. Been sicker than sick so I welcome the reminder. But yeah. A definite re-up.

[@hfb_blaacc2591]

To me, Callisto has always been the most beautiful moon in the solar system.. I like the colours and all the bright craters :(

[@jasontoddman7265]

Are you familiar with planetary romance novels? There was a series of these based On Callisto written by Lin Carter in the 1970s, if you're interested in an alternate (if slightly derivative) and more Earth-like version of Callisto.

[@youngmasterzhi]

If you ignore the human alien hybrids, of course

[@MrEnjoivolcom1]

I too thoroughly enjoy Callisto's colors.

[@edwinbowen781]

I hope they put two rovers on Callisto n see the ice mountains in Valhalla crater n see it at book about from the surface! 😊 ❤

[@edwinbowen781]

In the future!

[@el_p3nguin078]

Simon taking a space tour complements Artemis 1 finally launching so well. Loving it Simon keep looking “out there”!

[@TheMadGod]

We need a protocol with this planet

[@spiritchanger]

There's no point in doing that, the space up there is practically dead.

[@peacekeeperz81]

😂 I see what you did there! Heck no we need to stay away 🏃‍♂️💨

[@youngmasterzhi]

There’s always a price to pay!

[@redline841]

"This game sucks"

[@spinningbackkick6021]

Where’s my whacking stick😂😂😂

[@Serketsama]

Can they build a prison there though?

[@thekingoftown07]

They should call it Black Iron Prison

[@scottinWV]

It's amazing all the research that goes in to all these videos on Simon's channels. Each video is hours of research, writing, and editing.

[@deusexaethera]

"Wikipedia, narrated." 😛

[@oisnowy5368]

Imagine doing the research that Simon can then research in turn.

[@theshadowman1398]

Is there a glitch in the Matrix or something ? I remember seeing this one a week ego.

[@resileaf9501]

The last time this was uploaded the video cut some three minutes before the end. This is the fixed version.

[@shutup-gc2yk]

I KNEW I WASN'T CRAZY! Bruh, I was so confused ong

[@monckey44]

lol I was so confused cause I didn’t see anyone else saying this

[@flareinc7413]

These four videos about these four moons were insanely interesting. Thank you,Simon for this inspiration and knowledge. ^^

[@Caleb1874ya]

“Uranus, a compelling vision for the future “ priceless lol…

[@jonathonparker2577]

He also said something about "Lovingly probe Uranus". What a perv!

[@ameliadiaz8040]

And so is Neptune. 🔱

[@joecool9739]

Callisto Protocol could also be an homage to Kalisto Entertainment...creators of Nightmare Creatures The original dismemberment game

[@jamesharrison2763]

Wow. I don't know many people that have played that little gem of a game.

[@ignitionfrn2223]

1:15 - Chapter 1 - Giant in the sky 5:00 - Chapter 2 - Ice, ice , baby 8:25 - Chapter 3 - Dark waters 13:20 - Chapter 4 - Base in space 16:30 - Chapter 5 - The new frontier

[@The-entirety-of-Italy]

God speed my good man

[@papachis9535]

Excellent series. Thank you. Let’s hope we survive long enough for the review!

[@QBCPerdition]

Nice to know Simon intends to keep making videos into the late 2030s

[@TheScotsalan]

I sometimes suspect he is a time traveller 😂😂.

[@collectingonthecheap56353]

@@TheScotsalan Time traveller, to some, the return of Merlin the Great to me. I at least believe that had Merlin appeared now, he would be offering his knowledge on KZbin much like Simon is currently.

[@Stroke2Handed]

Simon has a new channel, which covers the ever-growing list of his channels, for those who get confused about which one they're currently interested in viewing.

[@Overfloable]

Mercury's density is about 98% that of Earths. Both are around 5.5g/cm^3 with Earth being the densest. Please correct me if I'm wrong. Wonderful video as always though, hosted by one of KZbin's best!

[@DeltaAssaultGaming]

What about its protocol though?

[@zsarion]

It involves some kind of dead space

[@jacksonstarky8288]

I had always thought of Io as the oddball Galilean moon, because of its volcanic activity... but Callisto's orbital separation and low radiation dose make it interestingly unique... or uniquely interesting? It seems that we'll have a very interesting couple of decades before the predicted economic collapse of modern civilisation around 2040-2050.

[@drifterax7731]

Callisto hits different after The Callisto Protocol

[@jockoharpo2622]

What is the Callisto Protocol?

[@drifterax7731]

@@jockoharpo2622 video game about a prison on Callisto that has a zombie outbreak

[@jockoharpo2622]

@@drifterax7731 Thanks Drifter. Appreciate the reply. I have a photo of that actual moon from NASA/JPL's interactive map a few years ago. I spotted an image on it's surface of what appears to be a gray. The Gallileo space probe took the image during a fly by. Dunno if it's someone playing games or not. There are others as well as styrations of all sorts of circles within circles just like it's neighbor, Ganymede.

[@drifterax7731]

@@jockoharpo2622 no problem and that sounds pretty cool! The planets and moons in our system are very beautiful and mysterious, I could stare at them for hours

[@KawaiiKasai]

I was hoping for another unedited video, but I'll re-watch this, np

[@stubear35]

When is Neptune going to get it's video? Looking forward to seeing that one 🙂

[@Zutia]

Holy shit. I've only really watched Casual Criminalist, where Simon's keeping up his running commentary. I never actually paused to realise what a great orator Simon really is!! Seriously he's bloody incredible! No wonder he's got so many successful channels 😅

[@Solidus_Hamza]

Now i can understand the lore of Callisto Protocol

[@peterroberts4415]

Yay, the video is back!

[@unmuffledautonews]

Simon, I would love for you to cover the Bonneville Salt Flats on this channel. They're truly an awe-inspiring place and being there feels like you're on the moon.

[@pancholopez8829]

I think he did

[@chompeyboy]

Except for the gravity and atmosphere thing, and the car to get there thing too.

[@rustyrobinson8027]

Wow thanks that's awesome

[@dianecripps204]

These moons are fascinating. Still, who would want to go live on a big ice cube so far away from anything.

[@Surgicalshred]

Me, duh.

[@eld460]

What is this sorcery? Have I become a time traveller?

[@Jason-fp4ob]

Right!? Did I not watch this last week? I’ll still watch it again though!

[@sharonbraselton4302]

gód fir yiu buy a déloràñ

[@Pimpemon]

These videos about planets and space should be on their own seperate channel.

[@Beryllahawk]

I'd be content with a playlist, and have seriously been considering just MAKING one on my own, except it would take a hot minute to comb through the channels lol

[@griffinmckenzie7203]

Why?

[@davidelliott5843]

If Callisto has an extremely deep ocean, it’s likely to be frozen which would expand as the moon cools and crack the surface crust. There are no cracks in the surface so a frozen ocean is unlikely. If it’s not frozen what’s keeping it warm?

[@sillpill2886]

What a time to be alive to witness the first missions to these far out foreign places

[@stephendoherty8291]

Yet we have found life on the underside of ice fields on both our poles, so life living on ice is definitely possible

[@umbrellacorp.]

3:05 What?!.... A Mortal Kombat reference. 😅 It caught me of guard. 😄

[@Hamzakhan-dt3gv]

Interesting video

[@EmilyJelassi]

Please do a video on Neptune! 🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻

[@iwuvu5940]

Hey Simon! Are you playing Callisto Protocol when it releases?

[@HayTatsuko]

Just want to say I appreciated the reference to "Kubla Khan", regarding Callisto's possible sub... er... can you even call it subterranean if it's not on Earth? Oh, to hells with it. Subterranean sea of the sunless variety! Also, infinite lament that Coleridge's poem-writing was (by legend) interrupted by the Person from Porlock so thoroughly that he forgot the rest of his possibly-druggy masterwork.

[@vexile1239]

I do believe that that term is correct as it is under ground

[@FunnyMangoMan]

Callisto looks so cool

[@lukeschroter9389]

I was wondering what happened to this Callisto video because last week I saw it but then it somehow got deleted

[@MrHungrySimon]

It was cut short, was about 18min long and just ended abruptly

[@MrHidePatten]

And Callisto Protocol coming out in 10 days.

[@Cryptid71]

Love it

[@deusexaethera]

15:44 - I see what you did there. 🤣🤣🤣

[@AztridV13]

OMG. The end of this made me so emotional. I freaking love our little cosmic neighborhood

[@jarrodyuki7081]

Entjs shadow is intp!!!!!!!!

[@jarrodyuki7081]

Entj shadow is intp!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@lqr824]

What is the big round colored light for, exactly?

[@batsiziki119]

what's the name of the song at 1:05?

[@equious8413]

I cannot imagine how pants shitting it would be to discover some marine megafauna on some distant moon. Drone cracks through the outter shell and the planet is just filled with mountain sized squid. *Shudders*

[@RECTALBURRITO]

I will be seeing you 8 years from now!

[@collectingonthecheap56353]

Catching a funky space fish. Already imagine that if that were possible, someone will find a way to bring it back to Earth and manage to make it another invasive species in the Mississippi River.

[@troillmainn]

19:26 "...and lovingly probe Uranus" 😂🤣😂

[@ameliadiaz8040]

Let's not forget Neptune as well. 🔱

[@polreamonn]

Calisto is also a fantastic tune by FM Attack.

[@multiyapples]

Interesting.

[@4ESTT]

Simon says “hella” at 2:10 man’s is secretly from the Bay Area

[@davidelliott5843]

Callisto is covered in water ice because it’s so incredibly cold. Any colonial mission would need a power source. Solar energy is far too weak, leaving nuclear power. But we have basically ignored every option except the potentially dangerous and extremely heavy PWR. We need to get that sorted or there won’t be any point in sending anyone so far away.

[@stephendoherty8291]

Would the larger/deeper impact craters not have thinned the surface ice.

[@MacaqueStinx]

Certified Callisto Protocol moment

[@mothothebe5974]

The only moon we could really colonise in the Jovian system. Others are too volatile on the surface.

[@zimriel]

Ganymede is possible if magnetically shielded.

[@AlcatrazIsland5]

After playing The Callisto Protocol I've decided that I would never want to set foot on that forsaken moon.

[@v.emiltheii-nd.8094]

Deja vu!

[@truemoayyed8482]

Hello Simon

[@ViceCitizen]

If you ring the bell when Galileo says "Toasty", you get to fight Simon in the dungeon under Prague Castle.

[@76rjackson]

Welcome to WhistlerTube!

[@NorthernChev]

Where is this, “Yooroper” you referenced?

[@ActionJackson669]

Currently having visions of Uranus 😍🤓😍🤓😍

[@estebanthaddeus8170]

If we do find water on the 3 moon would you think we just harvest it purify it and put in storage on earth. I could see space colony growing around the moon also could spreading cause a rubber band affect just thinking of earth as Eden of last hope and new Beginning.

[@harryaarrestad583]

Love teconn

[@MeteoricBurst]

Since when were you under the impression Simon wasn't doing this video again?

[@rogerszmodis]

Hopefully we will have done some uranal probing long before we have the technology to have a robot spaceship factory on one of Jupiters moons.

[@creepycassette]

there's also a "based on a true story" video game coming out about Calisto on December 2, you might have heard of it, its called: THE CALLISTO PROTOCOL

[@dereks1264]

Uranus HAS to be Simon's favourite planet.

[@Tartersauce101]

We should be looking at Triton

[@mostly_insane2291]

Wasn’t this uploaded the other day?

[@michaelgallagher3640]

Yo Simon 👋

[@DasSeltsameExemplar]

So, europa's surface is very young, about a few million years and its surface is very smooth because of it (ofc Underground ocean could also be the reason), callisto's surface is the oldest like this guy said, so it should be literaly mountains and craters without between, yet mars has the biggest mountain in the solar system

[@TheCow2face]

is this a re-upload??

[@garrettperez9439]

Of course I get the recommendation as soon as I download The Callisto Protocol 🤣

[@whoever6458]

Gotta love any space video that has some jokes about Uranus. lmao

[@tomshady3530]

"lovingly probe Uranus." lol

[@celticlass8573]

It's a legacy of the 90s that when I hear the word Callisto, for a split second I think of Xena: Warrior Princess.

[@sharonbraselton4302]

yes it znart ibd

[@13brightyellow]

Had to go to the comments just to make sure I wasn't crazy and I had actually already watched this except for just that last bit.

[@shutup-gc2yk]

Hey, Simon! When are you dropping your own brand of ethically sourced, organic, cruelty free, high purity, sustainably made nose candy? Special White, SW by Simon Whistler 👀❄️ I need your productivity 🥴

[@beckybrynjolfsson]

how do they know what is in the center of these planets? they don't or if they do they have information on alien life too.

[@TheScotsalan]

I aint a scientist, but am an engineer, so apply dunning kruger to me. 😂. Diameter of planet is easy, distances and orbital speed gives mass and thus density, apply gravity and chemistry and they can guess at the makeup etc. I think its like if you saw a vid of a ping pong ball, a golf ball, and a steel ball being hit by a golf club, you would have a good chance of guessing what the balls were made of 👍🤝

[@psilocinesthesia]

Math. Like @TheScotsalan said, you can use observable data like diameter, orbit, magnetic field, surface features, etc to mathematically work out a lot about the inner workings of a planet or moon, or any other planetesimal. For example, there's a mass threshold where the object must produce enough heat and pressure on its interior to melt the interior and become differentiated into separate layers of denser material.

[@mrwannabe00]

Is this a reupload? Could've sworn I saw a video about this moon same channel and man

[@resileaf9501]

The last time this was uploaded the video cut some three minutes before the end. This is the fixed version.

[@Cryodrake]

Didn't he already do this one?

[@bumblebee9337]

Last one had a rather abrupt ending.

[@resileaf9501]

The last time this was uploaded the video cut some three minutes before the end. This is the fixed version.

[@TheCow2face]

@@resileaf9501 he could at least say its a re-upload

[@resileaf9501]

@@TheCow2face Does it matter? Anyone who has watched the video last week noticed that it was suddenly cut before it ended. Seeing it again today with additional time is a pretty big indication that it's the fixed version.

[@marcelogaea1064]

“… Uranus… “ 🤭 🤣🤣🤣

[@Doiteify]

Heres hoping fact boy and the crew are still making videos in time for those sequals.

[@BigGahmBoss]

Will we get the end of the video today?

[@KiiXii]

I’ve just had this cali-

[@hewhoshallnotbenamed5168]

An encore upload I see!

[@Spring2345]

"That most alluring of all..." Hats off to the writer for that joke.

[@Syangden]

Callisto Protocol?

[@go7cha459]

Didn't you put this vid out last week?

[@ZanzatheDivine]

Yeah but it cut out prematurely near the end

[@MiaD666]

I wish i had a Tardis to travel to all those planets.

[@mirthenary]

I'd settle for a millennium falcon

[@emarti3853]

I can't wait till we explore Uranus

[@ameliadiaz8040]

And then Neptune. 🔱

[@leeowen4989]

The oldest surface in the solar system? The faces of the Rolling Stones...

[@nickjohnson410]

15:49 👍

[@GamerzZone0212]

Imagine drones finding a old prison on this planet. Lol my soul would leave my body immediately 🤣

[@johnfyten3392]

We're all big fans of Uranus Simon

[@demcomp]

A reupload? What happened to the first one?

[@resileaf9501]

The previous video didn't upload properly as it was cut short at about 18 minutes into it. This is probably the fixed version.

[@demcomp]

@@resileaf9501 really?? I was sure I saw it till the end lol.. oh well I'll see if this ending is different lol

[@orsiniproductionstudios3042]

*when you run out of places on earth to talk about* *makes new channel* “Space-Graphics. Nailed it.”