Cellular Respiration: Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle & the Electron Transport Chain

[@BOGObiology]

Please note that there is a BLEEPED expletive included in the mnemonic at 7:38-7:49 in the video. An alternative is specifically suggested, but if you have delicate sensibilities, consider fast-forwarding for those 10 seconds!

[@sarap.288]

I loved it!

[@marcellis6170]

We need more mnemonics like that. So much easier to remember!!

[@knicole2519]

Definitely caught me off guard on that Kreb's Cycle memorization saying lmdaoooo

[@BOGObiology]

And now you'll NEVER forget the steps of the Kreb's Cycle, will you? ; ) Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@lubnaabdulrehman4431]

Same 😂😂😂

[@henry2335]

I was like... damn, bio just got interesting lol

[@marinarosabarbosa]

LOL I laughed so loud my husband said "I thought you were in the computer studying"

[@xtraxearthling]

Me too! My jaw literally dropped and I started DYINGG. It will definately stick with me though 🤣

[@ziyaadraza7820]

I had to pause the video, I was laughing way to hard at the Krebs cycle thing, I def remember it though lmaooo

[@BOGObiology]

Glad you got a kick out of it, it's gotten me into a LOAD of trouble haha Love, BOGO

[@marinarosabarbosa]

Look no further: Best video on Kreb's Cycle. I love Khan Academy, but this one here is better than theirs on the subject.

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, Marina! Glad it was helpful! Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@rishigudimalla]

bless this channel omg you SAVED me before my exams

[@BOGObiology]

Glad to hear it! Sending you love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@ashlynnhoey2864]

I've been trying to wrap my head around how cellular respiration worked (learning about metabolism) for THREE straight years. Only after watching this video did it finally click and make sense. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR CONTENT! I had no clue that these three processes were connected, THAT'S how lost I've been. Now I enthusiastically told my mom the whole process without having to look at my notes (the basics of them of course). - Current A&P college student

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, AshLynn! Glad it was useful! I had fun making it

[@2dmensslut248]

This channel is a LIFE SAVER. Not even lying .

[@KJ00062]

I don't know why college teachers can't teach like this? By the way, thanks for helping.

[@BOGObiology]

Ha! Even I can't teach like this. This video was outlined, scripted, revised, animated, revised, recorded, and revised again before I published it. When you're teaching "live" you don't get to do that stuff. That being said, I always "outline" what I want to teach with a set of notes for myself, some key examples I want to make sure to bring up, and a few really good "scripted" questions that begin with a question every student in the room can answer. When I do that, I can focus on making sure everyone is on the same page, managing any problematic behavior, and tweaking the explanations on the fly rather than wondering "what the heck is my next line?". That being said, most college teachers don't do that. I really noticed it when I went to grad school after almost a decade of teaching; the teaching standard was pretty lousy as a whole, even at Harvard. the heavy emphasis on research selects against those who put more effort into teaching. Often, they're brilliant thinkers and do-ers, but not good explainers. Reminds me of how the best athletes are not necessarily the best coaches; they can so easily do the skills without thinking that it's really hard for them to break it down for a novice learner. Thank you for coming to my TED Talk! -BOGO

[@KJ00062]

@@BOGObiology sorry, that was a bit rude.

[@BOGObiology]

@@KJ00062 Eh, I don't think it was rude, I think it's honest. But I think it also highlights the fact that universities generally don't prioritize or reward good teaching. The emphasis is almost exclusively on research. So many of my professors were brilliant researchers but couldn't explain anything. It often reminded me of a superstar professional athlete trying to coach a high school sports team; it's so intuitive for them that they can't place themselves in the shoes of someone who is less skillful. Sigh. Maybe someday things will be different!

[@sophie-lh7xn]

currently binge-watching your videos for my AP bio exam... super helpful considering the fact that the course is a flipped-classroom and I can never extract the essential information from the textbook. I love these beautiful visuals to death!

[@BOGObiology]

sophie bates thanks very much! So glad to hear they’re helpful; I wish this had been a thing back when I took AP bio (and undergrad bio!) Definitely share with your classmates; if you thought it was helpful, they probably will, too, and hopefully will return the favor on future if they find something good. Happy to take questions (or just offer sympathy) via Instagram dm; same account name as KZbin channel name. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@sophie-lh7xn]

@@BOGObiology will do!

[@audreydayton7042]

This is incredible!!! Thank you so much for making these. I've just found my new favorite KZbin channel 😍❤️

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, Audrey! So glad you found the video helpful! Stop by any time and sending you love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@yogeshlakshman8488]

This video shows that you are a very good teacher mam Providing the overall view makes me stick the concept in my brain well Thank you mam😊

[@audreylockett3633]

YOUR VIDEOS ARE SO SO SO DETAILED AND INFORMATIVE!!! YOU NEED MORE SUBSCRIBERS!!

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, Audrey! So glad to hear this was helpful! Please forward to your classmates; if you found the video useful, they will, too. Sharing good resources is essential for surviving high level science! Sending love and best wishes from Boston -BOGO

[@laurenhoffpauir2715]

Awesome video! Thank you so much for putting all 3 processes together into 1 video!

[@BOGObiology]

My pleasure! I'd been meaning to remake my old videos for ages and I finally got around to it!

[@kyren5333]

I was confused before watching this video. Thank you for the help!

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, Kyren! Glad it was helpful! Please share with your classmates; if you thought the video was helpful, they probably will, too, and sharing resources is pretty essential for surviving higher level science. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@BOGObiology]

Detailed Cellular Respiration study guide available for download here! etsy.me/2UrGL4b Use the code KZbin for a discount!

[@pandanganmatiyn1487]

I dont understand why this only have 4.5k views. When in fact, your videos are more informative than others. You deserve more subscribers.

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, Pandangan! It's nice to have lots of views and subscribers, but it's not the be all and end all for me. Mostly, I just want to make the stuff I wish had existed when I was in college and drowning in biochem and the like. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@seemaabdulqasim4080]

Your teaching skills are amazing. my all confusions are cleared by this vedeo .THank you😊💗

[@minimini7338]

im an average high school student and this video is so useful! thank you!

[@tiffaninguyen1779]

this actually made me understand OMG THANK YOU

[@FaithEducation]

very comprehensive explanation. It helps my students a lot.

[@BOGObiology]

Glad it was useful!

[@jsdutil6834]

That's everything I need to know for my IB Biology quiz. Thanks.

[@lajc2580]

This is the best video i've ever seen explaining how all of this works. THANK YOU SO MUCH !!!

[@BOGObiology]

Great to hear! Thanks, Dek0ra! Sneding love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@nehasabu3296]

I can't thank you enough for this. I saw this a day before my exam wish I saw it earlier :(

[@BreannaQuan]

Aren't the "Prep Steps" actually called Link Reaction and I learned that they were already separate from the Krebs Cycle

[@BOGObiology]

Good question! There are a bunch of names for the same thing; when I learned these steps, they didn't have a separate name, they were just the later steps of glycolysis. However, when I started teaching, my students were really confused. One of my colleagues called these steps the "prep steps" and I really liked how it helped my students understand how you make acetyl coa out of pyruvate because you can't directly feed the Krebs Cycle with pyruvate. Calling it "link reaction" is actually even better, I wish I'd thought to call it that! -BOGO

[@BreannaQuan]

@@BOGObiology Oh okay, thank you so much! My IB textbook also says that 36 net ATPs are produced at the end in a chart just like yours.. how is that? and could you explain (:

[@BOGObiology]

@@BreannaQuan Hi, the amount of ATP produced can fluctuate a bit for a couple of reasons. 38 is the ideal if everything is working perfectly, which it never does. The mitochondrial membrane can "leak" protons, they sneak back across the membrane without going through ATP synthase (lazy little rascals). You can see why this would be problematic at 13:00. Some cells make other membrane proteins that can transport protons through also without harnessing them to recharge ATP. Also, there are new theories that we may actually spend a little ATP hauling pyruvate around. Scientists will probably shift this figure down to the low 30s sometime in the next few years, and then all the textbooks will change and the "updated" version will cost twice as much... In the meantime, go with whatever your textbook says (36 atp), but if asked to elaborate mention that it can fluctuate because membranes are leaky and protons are sneaky. Love, BOGO

[@BreannaQuan]

BOGObiology Thank you sooo much 💙💙

[@BOGObiology]

@@BreannaQuan You're very welcome! Feel free to share and forward to classmates if you think they'd find it helpful. Sharing resources is a HUGE help when it comes to higher level science, especially in undergrad. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@naikrosh]

Simply Awesome! So much conveyed in such a short video !

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, Roshan! Took forever to make it, but I had fun drawing it. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@kaseyspivey3408]

Best video ever! please do one on anaerobic metabolism!

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, Kasey! It's on my to-do list. Sending best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@chazstrasner]

Hey! Can you make a video about Fermentation? That would be so helpful! You're one of my favorite KZbinrs already, you're very informative! Thank you so much!!!

[@BOGObiology]

Great suggestion! It's on my (lengthy) to-do list!

[@063jeyanithilap5]

Helped a lot! Thanks a billion... you made it into a cake walk😃

[@BOGObiology]

Glad it helped, Jeya! Sending love from Boston! -BOGO

[@gusgone4527]

To this old Englishman's ears (retired electron microscopist) You have really nice voice. BTW I'm looking for resources to teach my grand-kids cell biology.

[@moof101]

thanks so much this is really helpful!!! Before I had most things memorized, but now I understand them :)

[@BOGObiology]

I'm so glad, Leah! You're a rockstar. Love, BOGO

[@arocks1234567]

thanks queen bogo, im so very grateful

[@BOGObiology]

Haha thanks, Noor. Sending love from Boston!

[@mariama1802]

Great video!! I just want to make sure Aerobic cellular respiration happens in the cytoplasm for prokaryotic cells, and for eukaryotic cells, it occurs in the mitochondria?

[@icegarbin7273]

Straight to the point !!!! Love it!⛓️❤️❤️❤️❤️🔥🔥🔥

[@foryoufun4]

awesome video! thank you so much for teaching

[@BOGObiology]

You're so welcome, Yoni! Please share with your classmates; then they'll do the same if they run across something good in future. Love, BOGO

[@A2G2Anims040]

Best teaching ever heard ( sorry for bad English) 😍😍😍🤩🤩

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, Hypnotized DJ! No worries about the English, it's great! (I only speak two languages so I'm always so impressed by folks who speak several!) Love, BOGO

[@sellygomezlovesnajma]

Hi! Thank you so much for this informative video. I wanted know when doubling the number of molecules produced in the Krebs cycle, why does NADH go from 6 to 10. Shouldn’t it be 12 if i am doubling it and why does FADH2 stay the same (2)?

[@BOGObiology]

Hi! Great question. You make 3 loaded NADH per rotation of the Krebs Cycle, for a total of 6. You already made 2 NADH in Glycolysis and 2 in the Prep Steps, for a total of 10. Hope that helps! Love BOGO

[@aliciajanssens6565]

This was so helpful! I was struggling with this topic. Are the 'prep steps' the same as the link reaction?

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks! And yes, a lot of places call the "prep steps" the linking reactions, or just lump them in with glycolysis. My students found it really helpful to separate them out, though, so that's what I've always done! Love from boston! -BOGO

[@psychedelicpain420]

I like your voice and your articulation

[@iris5789]

Your video's are really helpful and deserve a lot more views, thanks! I was wondering if maybe you could do a video talking about photo respiration?

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks for taking the time to comment, Iris! Glad the videos are useful (I really wish this sort of tutorial had been around when I was in college). I haven't made a video specifically about photorespiration, but my video on C3, C4 and CAM plants spends a few minutes discussing it. I've linked it below. I'm 99% sure I also made a photo respiration instagram post a few months ago, but I'll have to track it down. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO kzbin.info/www/bejne/fpOvmGeigtWIl5o&vl=en

[@BOGObiology]

Found it! November 16, 2019. instagram.com/p/B4hyNChhxrT/

[@iris5789]

Awesome, that's super helpful! Thanks!

[@practical_ducky]

Hey Hey I can literally hold my breath for 2-3mins as I'm a swimmer and u said that in the starting that it would cause me brain damage😂. By the way u are a great anchor and a good speaker. Kudos to the script maker😂

[@practical_ducky]

😂

[@JyotiSinghIITD]

Which app do you use to create the animation?

[@catherinelauren579]

How exactly are 6 water molecules formed in cellular respiration? Great video BTW!!

[@BOGObiology]

Good question! It happens in the ETC. Check out 12:20 to see it! Love, BOGO

[@TooshanSrivastava]

you used the pedagogical method of dual coding so well to explain this; kudos and thanks a lot...also me at 07:43 O.o. :p

[@BOGObiology]

Gotta keep it interesting somehow! My students always enjoyed that example, but I had to teach it to them on the DL haha. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@TooshanSrivastava]

thanks a lot for the APA citation; such a relief, phew! Also, I bought your PDFs at Etsy and will be using them to train a couple of science teachers; not commercial purposes, so hope it's okay.

[@songomagongho5667]

Thanks🙌🙌🙌..very helpful

[@BOGObiology]

Glad it was helpful!

[@sunilkumarpandey8336]

Very nice explanation,won't ever forget the kreb's cycle though😂

[@tamarahector2365]

Great job

[@BOGObiology]

Thank you, Tamara! Sending love from Boston! -BOGO

[@YoLoScience]

Interesting video and information too.👌 Keep uploading. . . . . #yoloscience

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, YoLo! Sending best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@rightdirectionsbysaleem5387]

Nice. Bohut acha

[@jamjam2434]

I loved the video!!! Definitely cleared up my confusions lol. Could you do a video on the shuttle mechanisms in the future?

[@BOGObiology]

Ooh! That'd be interesting! Currently working on a video on natural selection but maybe someday! Take care, Jam Jam! -BOGO

[@jamjam2434]

@@BOGObiology Nice! Thanks and take care too~

[@FraolFikru]

I can't forget this video for rest of my life lmaoo

[@lab_rat_experiment]

LMAO I WAS LOWKEY NOT PAYING ATTENTION AND THE MNEMONIC WOKE ME UP...i can't stop saying it to my friends...

[@claudettearaneta5829]

Anerobic - Fermentation please

[@sandyjamjom2716]

Thank you

[@BOGObiology]

You're welcome! Sending love from Boston!

[@melissafraga7484]

Thank you.

[@shivamjaiswal2259]

Thanks..it help me lot

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, Jey! Glad it was helpful. Please share it with your classmates; if you thought it was useful they probably will, too! Sending best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@rosey5357]

thank you so muchhh

[@BOGObiology]

You're welcome, Katherine! I had fun making this video. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@anivietv279]

love this channel thank u

[@samuelantwi2838]

Thanks very much.

[@scarybott]

thank you!!!

[@BOGObiology]

You're welcome, Paul! My pleasure. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@keerthanareddy9991]

great work 👍👌👌😍👏👏

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks! So glad you liked it! Sending love from Boston -BOGO

[@Belikemiggie]

DAMN CINDY

[@BOGObiology]

Cindy is absolutely who your mama warned you about. She's doing the Kreb's Cycle with all kinds of different reagents ALL THE TIME.

[@shontelle8964]

I have a question, Can cell produce glycolysis without glucose?

[@BOGObiology]

Nope, you need glucose for glycolysis. There's another process called gluconeogenesis that converts fat into glucose and then does glycolysis with that glucose, but that's all I'm aware of. Hope this helps! -BOGO

[@72stingr]

My only real concern with this video is the incorrect calculation of ATP from NADH and FADH2. Revised values have been calculated that put the value to 30 -32 ATP.

[@BOGObiology]

Hi, I think I answered this in a couple other comments but yes the *actual* value is lower because membranes are leaky and protons tend to find ways to slip through when nobody is looking. This is more like an idealized number if everything works perfectly (but, with science of course it never does...) Sending love from Boston! -BOGO

[@CoolName04]

You're the best :)

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks, Fouz! Sending love from Boston! -BOGO

[@marinarosabarbosa]

Why can't I learn this freaking Kreb's cycle? HELP!

[@googleuser25]

You're not alone

[@kelvinchepkwony3410]

just wow

[@nadiamohammed5125]

It's fantastic and very helpful thanks a lot

[@Fabrisend]

Glycolysis also use oxygen?

[@BOGObiology]

Nope! No oxygen needed for glycolysis. The down side is that it only produces a few charged ATP. See 5:44 for the summary. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@weareallthesame7924]

There is a confusion in this video, there is no such thing as anaerobic respiration in eukaryotes. Technically speaking fermentation Is not a type of respiration as glucose is not completely oxidized to atp and water. Anaerobic respiration is when the final electron acceptor is something other than Oxygen but the electron transport chain still goes; this is not the case in fermentation.

[@lubnaabdulrehman4431]

Holly shit the pneumonic caught me off guard . I got so scared 😂😂😂😂 not used to teachers saying things like that !!!

[@BOGObiology]

Ha! There are a lot of semi-naughty mnemonics in science! Like the one for remembering Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. (Dumb Kids Playing Catch On Freeways Get Squished), or the "Four Fs" for the roles of the sympathetic nervous system; (fight, flight, fright and... um, reproduction ) ! ; ) In retrospect, however, I probably shouldn't have included it, even though it's so great for helping one to remember the molecules. The data from youtube analytics tells me that 90% of my viewers are in their 20s and thus should be okay with a bleeped expletive, but some people still get very, very upset by it. Maybe I'll include a massive warning label next time. Sending love from Boston! -BOGO

[@arocks1234567]

@@BOGObiology please dont stop, massive warning is excellent, lots of love

[@valeriapalmabuitrago6308]

anaerobic respiration/fermentation video plss

[@BOGObiology]

Great idea! I'll get to it eventually! Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@طيبة-ع8ج]

😍😍

[@erminareyaz3093]

Video is great for review but sound quality is poor

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks for the feedback; I'm working on it. I invested in a new mic but I have to record all my videos in my apartment. I don't have access to a recording studio.

[@KingUnity22]

The Kreb's Cycle is every Cindy's least favorite subject.

[@BOGObiology]

Hahahaha you win the internet today.

[@mash8349]

George Floyd went 8 minutes and 27 seconds without oxygen

[@BOGObiology]

Hi Mash. I want to make sure I'm very clear; George Floyd was killed in a despicable, sadistic and racist act of murder by a group of police officers. While it is true that about 3 minutes of sudden total oxygen deprivation will cause unconsciousness followed shortly by death, this is not precisely what happened to Mr. Floyd. Rather, the police officers gradually cut off his air supply by kneeling on his neck and torso. They continued to do so even as he gasped desperately for air, begged to be allowed to breathe, and after he ultimately lost consciousness. Mr. Floyd was slowly and horribly asphyxiated over the course of 8 minutes and 46 seconds. Gradually being strangled over such a long period of time was almost certainly excruciating both physically and emotionally for Mr. Floyd. I will personally do everything in my power to fight for reform and to help make sure that his killers are brought to justice for their despicable actions, and I hope you will, too. If you (or anyone reading this) needs someone to talk to, please feel free to reach out. I won't pretend to have all the answers, but I can promise to listen. My email address is linked in my channel profile. Love, BOGO

[@lubnaabdulrehman4431]

BOGObiology this is so kind of you. 💗

[@tpstrat14]

@@BOGObiology And what happened to Tony Timpa? I know that he was white and none of the officers responsible for his asphyxiation were charged, but can you help me out on the scientific explanation of his death?

[@BOGObiology]

@@tpstrat14 Hi Timothy, I hadn't personally heard of Tony Timpa, thanks for bringing that to my attention. It seems like it's yet another situation in which a person in custody was asphyxiated, though the official autopsy also listed cocaine toxicity as a contributing factor. Though I'd take that with a grain of salt. Pretty amazing how the cocaine toxicity only kicked in AFTER the arrest... I'll try to summarize how this occurs as conscientiously as possible. Essentially, every cell in the body requires a constant supply of oxygen. 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. There are basically no exceptions to this rule. Some cells (like brain cells and cardiac cells) are especially sensitive; they can only survive a few minutes without oxygen before they start to wither and die. Cells use oxygen in a series of complicated reactions to charge energy storage molecules so cells have energy to do their thing. Brain cells use the energy to conduct impulses, cardiac cells can have energy to contract and pump blood, etc etc. If someone is strangled, drowning, choking on a piece of food, etc, they cannot bring air into their lungs. Oxygen suddenly cannot be delivered to these crucial tissues, so cells use up all their stored energy and then suddenly need more. At about 12:15 in the video, I talk about the role of oxygen in respiration. Oxygen plays a crucial role in the electron transport chain, which creates many many units of stored energy. The cell suddenly goes from creating about 38 units per molecule of glucose to only about 2, which isn't nearly enough. Eventually, crucial bodily functions no longer have the energy to function; for instance, the diaphragm stops pulling air into the lungs, the heart muscles beat more slowly and then stop, etc. If you're "lucky" this happens very quickly. If not, you suffocate slowly and die gasping for air. Horrible. I should add that, as an EMT, I've had to do a number of "holds" on patients who were actively harming themselves (smashing their heads on a cement floor, biting into their own wrists, ripping into their own flesh with their fingernails etc) as a result of drug use and/or mental health troubles. We use bandages or velcro cuffs for immobilizing wrists or ankles, rather than sitting on a person. I cried after my first hold, it was terrible, but the alternative was watching someone bash their own brains out on the floor, literally. HOWEVER, there are absolutely ways to restrict someone's movement in the name of safety while minimizing risk to oneself and risk to one's patient. You never, ever kneel or put body weight on a patient's neck or chest, period. In most of these instances where someone is killed, officers are sitting or kneeling on the person's neck, chest and/or back, compressing either their lungs, their carotid artery or both. The person feels the urgent drive to breathe and often involuntarily flails trying to get away. Officers often take this as a sign of "resistance", and interpret it as needing to hold the person down harder. Horrible. Horrible, horrible. Hope this helps clarify. Love, BOGO

[@tpstrat14]

@@BOGObiology First of all, thanks for these videos. They're very well done and are helping me a lot! Secondly, of course you hadn't heard of Tony Timpa. He's white. And George Floyd tested positive for COVID, fentanyl and methamphetamine. Did you know that? Just curious

[@tarlositerules]

Idk who Cindy from undergrad is, but she must’ve done you real dirty 💀💀

[@КуанышШекербаев]

like

[@BOGObiology]

Thanks!

[@lukecepeda819]

Now I know im dumb because of this video :(

[@BOGObiology]

Hi Luke. The content is effin' hard, and you're in good company. Only about 20,000 confused students have watched this particular video, but the introductory version is up to almost a quarter million. There's a reason so many people are looking for better explanations; it's complicated. If you're still confused, it might help to start here with the intro version, then come back here. kzbin.info/www/bejne/rp7JmX6Yorabp5I Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

[@KeepRowing247]

Love the sexual mnemonic Those are the easiest to memorize

[@BOGObiology]

Haha thanks, that got me in a whole bunch of trouble but my students thought it was hilarious, so I'd say it was worth it

[@joshblack4407]

$4.50nzd for the notes when I'm already subbed to many on patreon for their shit.. shit what's next lol

[@BOGObiology]

Huh? I don't have a patreon... The videos are free because KZbin doesn't charge me to post them. Etsy and TPT do, however. (TPT is a complete and utter rip off) The goal is just to not lose any money when I post the notes. If you're really, seriously, hard up for cash, drop me a line via email and I'll send you a digital copy of the notes. Love, BOGO

[@fbi_cheeznutz4097]

de hoyos lang malakas

[@Shah91270]

haha thx

[@jemimahmbabacha7903]

i understood everything until etc...

[@BOGObiology]

Yeah, that's fair, the ETC is confusing. It might help to think about it "backwards" from big picture to small. The goal of respiration is to recharge ATP. In order to recharge ATP, you have to push a whole bunch of protons through the atp synthase protein. To get the protons onto the correct side of the ATP synthase protein, you use proton pumps. The pumps need power to suck the protons from one side of the membrane to the other. NADH and FADH2 deliver the electrons that power those pumps. The Kreb's cycle re-loads NAD and FAD so they're ready to power the pumps. Now put it all together in the correct order: "NADH and FADH2 deliver electrons, which power the pumps, which move the protons, which turn the ATP synthase protein, which recharges ATP." Hope this helps! Love BOGO

[@nanomeows]

this is a lot

[@balmond7797]

you speak too fast huhu

[@BOGObiology]

Sorry! I get a lot of comments asking for me to slow down or speed up; I can never seem to make everyone happy!! Definitely try making use of the pause button, or the little gear icon to slow the video down to 75%. Hope that helps! Love, BOGO

[@afctryman5285]

This video is NOT school appropriate! Use of vulgar language and connotations about half way through.

[@BOGObiology]

3 things: 1. It’s bleeped 2. An alternative mnemonic is specifically suggested 3. Now you’ll never, ever forget the steps of the Krebs Cycle, will you? ; ) Love BOGO

[@babymobbie]

Nobody cares. If you dont like the video then leave oh and please take all your negativity with you :)

[@BOGObiology]

@@babymobbie How much do you love that they probably will always remember "Cindy Is Kinky... etc etc.", no matter how hard they try to forget? HA! -BOGO

[@deinstag2480]

Who said it had to be school appropriate? I thought it was a great video.

[@jordanbeyke4845]

Thank you

[@BOGObiology]

You're welcome! Sending love and best wishes from boston! -BOGO