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Industrial fishing for yellowfin tuna in the equatorial waters of the Pacific Ocean makes an important contribution to the world's fish supply. The 1.3 million tonnes of tuna caught each year supply 25% of the world's canned tuna. Furthermore, such fishing is vital to the economy of the Pacific Island Countries (PIP); the fee for fishing licenses for foreign fleets represents 10 to 40% of the public revenue of several small island nations. However, the effects of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the distribution and abundance of these species generate uncertainty regarding where the benefits will be greatest. During La Niña, the tuna catch is best in the western part of the region and during El Niño, the best is further east. To keep catches within the limits of sustainability and optimize the distribution of economic benefits, eight PIPs monitor and distribute catches through the Fishing Days Limitation System (VDS). Those eight countries are known as the Parties to the Nauru Agreement (NAP). The VDS establishes an allowable catch quota for fishing days within the jurisdictional waters of the PNAs. Fishing days limitation works as a consistent and reliable tool to manage long-term fishing productivity and the authorization exchange improves productivity profitability. The expected result is more equitable returns to fishing for a livelihood. The allocation and exchange of fishing days allows flexible adaptation to climatic variation and gradual changes from year to year. Although reducing emissions is not the primary concern, limiting ship activity indirectly limits carbon emissions from fuel consumption.