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Replacing the M880/M890 series, the CUCV represented General Motors' first major light-truck military vehicle production since World War II.[11] GM CUCVs were assembled mostly from existing heavy duty light commercial truck parts. The CUCVs came in four basic body styles: pickup, utility, ambulance body and chassis cab.[11][12] The M1008 was the basic cargo truck, the M1010 was the ambulance, and the M1009 was a Chevrolet K5 Blazer uprated to 3⁄4-ton capacity.[11][12] With the exception of the M1009, the trucks were all rated as 11⁄4 ton (commonly called a "five-quarter"), even though some of them had payloads in excess of that. There were heavier-duty variants, including the M1028, M1028A1, M1028A2 and M1028A3 shelter carriers (the shelter being a mobile command, communications or intelligence operations enclosure).[11][12] The M1031 was the chassis cab. These latter trucks were all rated for heavier 3,600 lb (1,600 kg) or 3,900 lb (1,800 kg) loads, compared to the M1008s 2,900 lb (1,300 kg) load capacity. The M1028A2 (converted M1031 or m1028a1) and m1028A3 (converted M1028) models had dual rear wheels.[12] Many M1028s were upgraded at the company level to M1028A2 and A3 specs-the dual wheel rear end arrangement was a result of the M1028 flipping on its side because of the high center of gravity when carrying equipment shelters.[13]
GM produced some 70,000 CUCVs from 1983 to 1986 (model years were 1984-1987), though most were model year 1984.[11] Chevrolet continued to build CUCVs in low numbers from 1986 to 1996, mainly to accommodate military markets that needed replacements for existing CUCVs.
Powertrain
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All CUCV Is were powered by GM's 6.2L J-series Detroit Diesel V8 engine non-emissions diesel.[11] These were rated at 155 hp (116 kW) and 240 lb⋅ft (325 N⋅m), which was 5 hp (3.7 kW) more than the emissions diesel engine of the time. They were all equipped with the TH-400 automatic. All but the M1028A1 and M1031 used the NP-208 chain drive transfer case. The M1028A1 and M1031 units had a slip-yoke rear output version of the NP-205, which was specified mainly for its PTO capacity. The CUCV series had a governed top speed of 55 mph (89 km/h).[14]
Axles
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The M1009 Blazer used 10-bolt axles (front and rear) featuring 3.08:1 gears. The rear axle was equipped with an Eaton Automatic Differential Lock (ADL) while the front was a standard open differential. The M1008 trucks used open Dana 60 front axles, with the M1028 and M1031 variations often having a Trac-Lok limited slip. In the rear, the M1008s used the GM 10.5-inch (270 mm) 10.5" Corporate 14 Bolt Differential with No-Spin lockers (the commercial trade name for the Detroit Locker). Rear axles on M1028A2 and A3 duallies are Dana 70 HD. The axle gear ratios were 4.56:1.[15]
Electrical
As with other military vehicles, the CUCVs used a 24-volt electrical system.
It was actually a hybrid 12/24-volt system that used 24-volts under the hood for the starter, volt meter, diesel engine glow plug circuit along with the mandatory NATO slave receptacle for jump starting any 24 volt NATO vehicle, and hookups for military radios. The rest of the truck was 12-volt.
It was equipped with two 12 volt batteries and two 12 volt 100 amp alternators. One alternator is isolated from ground and connected in series with the other. These produce 24 volts with a 12 volt center tap much like the 240/120 volt domestic house distribution system. The 12 volts to ground were derived from the center tap.[16][17]