Christopher Clark: The 1848 Revolutions

In his Winter Lecture, Christopher Clark asks why we should think about the Revolutions of 1848 now. Recorded at the British Museum on 15 February 2019.
Read a published version of this lecture in the LRB here: lrb.me/clarkyt
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[@juliestrickland2145]

Chris with the low key opera skills 😱👏👏👏

[@caseyworthington7092]

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[@caseyworthington7092]

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[@caseyworthington7092]

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[@dayangn7782]

Hes one of a kind orator. His lecture is so entertaining and this is a second of his 1hr- lecture that ive watched before bed instead of being sleepy.

[@stefanolissi5561]

The outstanding clarity with which this man is able to explain such a massively complicate theme as 1848 gives me chills

[@BenjaminQDavidson]

Christopher Clark is an immense historian. Absolutely phenomenal.

[@shamasmacshamas7135]

35:05 He can sing!

[@radio655]

The effortlessness in which Chris jumps between his mothertounge and a flawless German and French pronunciation is very impressive.

[@Namuchat]

Even more so: he did a few words there with Berliner Schnauze (the popular tone from Berlin) ! 36:54.

[@jimpollard9392]

And a pretty darn good tenor rendition of the Robert Blum song.

[@SynapseDriven]

The two Portuguese words were about 95% perfect

[@Kannot2023]

Because he has a musical ear.

[@JinKee]

@@Namuchat He’s australian, from Sydney, his english is not in an aussie accent it is the Received Pronounciation English - a learned accent that nobody is born with.

[@frankmccluskey11]

Erudite yet entertaining. 1848 has much to teach us about work, hunger and political forces.

[@Drchainsaw77]

I like lecturers who can actually _sing._

[@McIntyreBible]

so do I, it breaks up the monotony. Lectures can be extremely weary, but Clark enlivens it!!

[@Likexner]

I also like that he sounds like Rowan Atkinson.

[@sorcerykid]

I was really impressed. I want to hear more of Professor Clark's singing myself!

[@Kid_Kootenay]

I've always been partial to ones who can strip

[@johndorney7812]

Hell of a voice too... 35.07

[@banzobeans]

35:07

[@rogerlephoque3704]

Is he castrato? I think we should be told.

[@jumpingjflash]

I like the way he pronounces 'revolyootion'

[@DwRockett]

Christopher Clark is such a good historian

[@kidmohair8151]

Prof Clark is, in my opinion, one of the best historians working at the moment. His ability to take a subject, like the year of revolutions, explain it and make it relevant to a modern audience, is unmatched. And to do that with such economy is a true gift, one to which we should all aspire, and be inspired by. The emergence of the nation-state in the aftermath of 1848 was harnessed by the reactionary forces of the old and tired monarchies and aristocracies desperately trying to cling to power. It was quickly taken up by the new economic aristocracy that emerged from the establishment of the wage-labour system, who saw that the best chance to maintain their power, was to use the same repressive machinery that the old aristocrats had kindly set up for them. It is still used by the (reactionary) populists in both Europe and the Americas, and the rest of the world, to distract from the planetary degradation and the (again) increasing social inequalities that have resulted from 2 centuries of the blind pursuit of capitalist greed. It has become married to, in this time, religious zealotry of a particularly vicious sort.

[@doug7232]

Jesus it's hard work keeping up with what this man is saying and assimilating a quarter of it

[@pedrocavalcante5822]

This video deserves subtitles.

[@kkhmkkhm]

You can activate the cc close caption feature of KZbin at the top right. It’s almost useful:)

[@heisenstein6392]

49:00 This statement is so deep and profound, people who've been paying attention to the state of our current society will relate to this deeply. Another fantastic lecture, bravo!

[@sor715]

it's centrist garb.

[@fratello885]

I would say 52.30 is even more significative: Clark speaks about the lack of cultural awareness of the todays elite, either politicians, academics or business "leaders". Could it have something to do with a general crisis of the principle of authority, cancelled categorically by the 1968 movement, a chapter still not enough clearly "aufgearbeitet" not only under this aspect with all its vast consequences until today! Cf. the very interesting last question of this event about the impact of 1968 on politics up to our days!

[@kevinmayer8055]

I've just discovered Professor Clark and am excited to hear more. He is a brilliant historian and lecturer!

[@MaxwellsDemon9]

I love "The Sleepwalkers" so much.

[@jwestney2859]

I am watching/ listening again, again. I have been studying history for many years. Rarely do I find something worth listening twice or more.

[@hevorg1381]

I really hope that the LRB and similar outlets become more culturally prevalent.

[@londonreviewofbooks]

Thanks - we hope so too!

[@masdigha1]

@@londonreviewofbooks certainly hope so as well, but when you have the impulsive pop culture of USA dominating the post industrial world and beyond, and with a character like Trump running the show, then it is really difficult to imagine that. As a 25 year subscriber though, I think LRB has been making th world a better place to live. Thanks for all you do!

[@twelvecatsinatrenchcoat]

@@masdigha1 You just watched this London Review of Books content on an American website.

[@gutollewelyn7562]

Best lecture I've seen on any topic for an awful long time. His passion and expertise shines through and he presents it so wonderfully.

[@rocketpig1914]

great suit too

[@BlueBaron3339]

It's almost bizarre that you can find a lecture filled with such sheer scholarship and brilliance on a platform like KZbin. Even his singing is exceptional.

[@markusk6169]

Despite being Australian, Christopher Clark comes across as a true and heartfelt European. A great thinker and speaker, who is deciphering the complexity of 1848 and its implications on European history in an entertaining, thought provoking lecture in a sometimes bold, but mostly subtle, intricate and always humorous tone, attempting to tell history as objectively as it can be told. There are no rights and wrongs, only conflicting interests and forces leading to outcomes resonating to this day.

[@aaroninky]

what an astonishing lecture (and lecturer). bravo!

[@shalini8848]

He is so amazing!!!

[@Sheehan1]

Excellent, thanks LRB!

[@cartermarcelle7452]

What a great lecture

[@DucadiBorgogna_]

Amazing Lecture. Just amazing.

[@LarsPallesen]

That was a brilliant lecture.So clear and packed with information.

[@rogerlephoque3704]

Not since the era of A.J.P. Taylor has history been taught with such clarity in the popular media.

[@McIntyreBible]

35:07, Clark sings about R.Blum

[@ralphdavis9670]

"...there was music in the cafes at night, and revolution in the air..."

[@themsmloveswar3985]

Sounds like an advertisement.

[@Vic-on5ic]

Wonderful lecture!

[@Shadowsuit]

Just great, nuanced and deep. Clear and insightful

[@antonia3001]

okay but his pronounciation of the foreign words, especially the german ones, is flawless.

[@JH-hf8pg]

Dr Clark speaks German and has written a few books on Prussia. Really recommend them!

[@antonia3001]

@@JH-hf8pg Thank you so much for the recommendation, I will certainly check them out!

[@rogerlephoque3704]

polyglots uber alles.

[@neilpemberton5523]

@@JH-hf8pg Yes, I recently bought Iron Kingdom, his history of Prussia, and it is amazingly insightful and lucidly written. He is a rare talent.

[@pablosanta-maria5675]

He is a very clear. Excellent like all his work. As for clarity and well informed and highly entertaining I would recommend to watch his documentary on Frederick the great which is absolutely outstanding. This man is not only a seriously good historian but he has a true gift for keeping his audience glued to their seats. He is truly captivating.

[@polyglot8]

After being fed a diet of Joe Rogan and Jordan Peterson, it's so nice to take in engaging and thought-provoking scholarship for a change.

[@ghostdance56]

yeah, we're sure you're taking it in. LOL

[@themsmloveswar3985]

Who fed you that diet ? The MSM ? Or yourself? A rather dishonest comment by you.

[@Souledex]

God how tragic

[@meljenkins2043]

Professor Clark gives a refreshment and understanding of other expressions of Jefferson’s recognition of the essentials of the struggles for humanity.

[@jmcallion2071]

His C4 documentary on the rise and legacy of Frederick the Great was an epic and an intellectual starting point for understanding of this masterforce of mid 18th century Europe and a concise denial of any nascine later associated with the Hitlerite regime !

[@themsmloveswar3985]

In other words he successfully cleansed the militarism out of the militarism of Frederick the Great.

[@xaverweigl7050]

i like the map at the start. manga with speed lines

[@maxheadrom3088]

Magnificent! A lesson about historic events and a lesson of History!

[@8nansky528]

I ADORE READING

[@jona.scholt4362]

Anyone else listen to Mike Duncan's podcast 'Revolutions'? I've enjoyed his podcasts starting with 'The History of Rome', and they make for great listening if you have a work commute of any distance; mine being about 30 minutes fits the episode length well. I recommend them if you haven't listened, they're free to download. Cheers!

[@little_onion8267]

Came here thanks to Mike Duncan! I just finished the Revolutions podcast season on 1848 and I'm still hungry for more, so I've been reading books and looking up lectures like this one. It's really a testament to how good he is that no matter what era of history he's talking about, he makes you want to keep learning even after you're done listening.

[@jona.scholt4362]

@@little_onion8267 have you listened to his first podcast, The History of Rome? The first handful of episodes are pretty terrible on the audio side of things. And you can tell Duncan was just learning how to do a podcast so his style we have become accustomed to (and fans of) is not yet fully formed. But by episode 10-15 you see that style come out. Also, the first episodes were short by the standard we know today; 15 minutes instead of 30. If you're a Duncan and history lover (I think I am safe in assuming that!) you'll love it. Plus it's about 180 episodes if I recall! I also wanted to ask; which of his Revolutions series do you like best? I'd say my favorite of his is the French Revolution, followed by the Simon Bolivar series which I loved because I knew very little about it going in. The rest I love about equally, though I must compliment his 1848 series as the 1848 revolutions had no single narrative to follow. Another "also": I'd love to go on one of his tours and I can't wait to get the Lafayette book he is just finishing up. Should be great!

[@little_onion8267]

@@jona.scholt4362 I haven't yet but I am very much looking forward to listening to it once I am fully caught up with Revolutions! I only started listening to Revolutions this past year as a way to keep my my mind engaged during lockdown, and had to take a break for a while to focus on my studies, so I have quite a ways to go yet - so far I'm caught up with Russia, have finished France, 1848, the Paris Commune, and am in the middle of Haiti. My plan is to listen to the whole of Revolutions while doing my own supplementary reading, and then use History of Rome to start a dive into Roman history when I'm finally ready for a break from the modern era. I also really enjoyed the season on the French Revolution and am looking forward to Simon Bolivar, although if I had to pick one season as my favorite it would be the Russian Revolution - the sheer breadth and scope of this current season is just astounding, and it truly feels like a capstone to the whole show. Although of course it's bittersweet that Revolutions is ending, it's very satisfying to go out on such a high note. And yes, I would love to go on one of his tours as well! I Hopefully we'll see tours again soon as things get a little back to normal - having Mike Duncan as a tour guide to a historic city sounds like a dream come true.

[@hughmac13]

No one from Australia: No one from Australia ever: Christopher Clark: Revolyootion.

[@M_Lopez_3D_Artist]

DANG that singing is insane quality wow

[@yrebrac]

Brilliant talker

[@Kid_Kootenay]

I had no real interest in the subject matter when this started but he is such a great speaker I got into it and have watched several now 😂

[@konstantinosvasios3852]

Absolutely 100% correct on the reasons on why to reflect to 1848 Revolutions in today's world... I think this is gonna become even more apparent in the years to come.

[@Likexner]

When the people storm a government building in 1848: What a great victory for democracy! When the people storm a government building in 2021: OMG, tErRoriSM, iNSuRrecTion, CaTasTrophE, oUR dEmoCracY iS UndEr atTacK

[@ernestov1777]

@@Likexner Except the Capitol attack was made because of false claims of election fraud.

[@Likexner]

​@@ernestov1777 "False claims" Of course the ones who "won" the election will say the claims are false. If they are so false, why do they fight so hard to prevent audits and investigations? Why were they censoring any evidence of fraud? Nobody did that when the dems claimed the 2016 election was fraudulent. They got their investigation. They found nothing. When the reps want an investiagtion, suddenly its "how dare you even question it". Are you willing to condemn the "muh Russsia" 2016 claims that the dems made as false too? If you believe someone when they tell you "the other person is lying but dont look into it", thats not very smart.

[@ernestov1777]

@UCsLzoEq4r6dTsVBL60GCLug Ahh yes, the old tactic deflect, and try a "no you" argument. I will try to go deep into your logic, if the left does it :Bad. If the right does it :Yes. Tell me if I'm correct.

[@nguonbonnit]

Wow ! So great. You help me a lots.

[@allansimoes8338]

Excellent historian and author and the narrative is simple. Thank you. Allan.

[@casteretpollux]

Underdiscussed. Just settling in to listen.

[@jak.enthusiast]

Cheers pete another banger

[@michaelsweeney4547]

As with most history lectures unfortunately, assuming you didn't already have detailed knowledge of the subject at the beginning of the lecture, you probably won't at the end be any better able to answer the question "what happened in 1848?" However I have learned a lot about Europe from reading Christopher Clark's "Rise and Downfall of Prussia".

[@spanellaful]

In norther Italy (for example Bologna) people still use the expression "E' successo un 48" (a 48 happened), to say that something very chaotic e relevant happened. And most of the people use it without even knowing that is a reference to the 1848 "moti" (movements-, as they are called there in the school books...)

[@alexnort2791]

great video

[@brickingle3984]

This man really forced his audience to listen to him sing. What a legend

[@gaborbakos7058]

He pronounces the different names and phrases in diferent languages very well. Which is very unusual from a native English speaker. :) He pronounces perfectly even the Hungarian names. What is more he mentioned Kossuth's name in the real Hungarian version. (first the surname and the given name after) Amazingly precise in detailes.

[@ThePuschkin1986]

42:20 "john calhoun,... a man with a remarkly frightening face"

[@kevinyin2663]

"That's the face of pro-slavery." lmao

[@terencenxumalo1159]

good work

[@crimony3054]

When he was talking about writing 10 pages on Ireland, did he mean single-spaced or double-spaced?

[@Guffington]

Just listening to the audio and not the video, I'd have thought Rowan Atkinson was giving a lecture.

[@skuzapo9365]

Well, History is a joke after all.

[@Vmvmvmvmvn]

This channel is full of jams.

[@hazelwray4184]

Gems?

[@herbayum76]

A very interesting lecture but so much densely packed information about developments in so many European countries spoken out in an upbeat tempo for me is somewhat difficult to swallow. A few more resting points in the form of some anecdotes i would welcome.

[@canyoucatchme138]

albert tjade damen Have a listen to Mike Duncan’s revolutions podcast. Season 7 is about the 1848 revolution and it is a great source to start you off. His pace is entertaining as well.

[@guharup]

Just bought the book.

[@maxheadrom3088]

I'm watching a class on Marxism by a Brazilian professor. I learned a few things: Marx was not Marxist, Marx first academic publication was in 1932 and that we should all learn about the 1848 revolutions - this is my first video and it seems I got lucky!

[@maxheadrom3088]

@Henrique Exactly, University of Brasilia (UnB) Professor José Paulo Netto. I saw a class he gave for Social Work students in 2016. Obrigado!

[@maxheadrom3088]

@Henrique Obrigao, Henrique! Vou procurar!!!

[@LuisAldamiz]

"Marxism" was invented by the Bersteins and Kautskys of German Social-Democracy, who could hardly be more departed from the thoughts of Marx and Engels, even if he claimed otherwise. Later the Bolsheviks (a neo-Blanquiste splint from the Social-Democrats, which they called Mensheviks) would also reinforce the concept of "Marxism", especially under Stalin, whose followers still claim to be the only "marxist-leninists" ever and always reject to be labelled as "stalinists". In order to be genuinely Marxist (i.e. adherent to Marx' and Engels' very insightful ideas) you must overcome first the fake "Marxism" developed in the early 20th century. Some prefer to call that stand "Marxian" but that sounds almost like "Martian".

[@casteretpollux]

I'm thinking you mean Marx was not neo Marxist? And that the lectures are not available in English?

[@casteretpollux]

​@@LuisAldamizLenin was Marxist.

[@lsobrien]

Just reading Benjamin and came across this interesting fragment. It nicely ties the optimism of the 1848 era with the dark pessimism of the 1930s: The conformism which has been part and parcel of Social Democracy from the beginning attaches not only to its political tactics but to its economic views as well. It is one reason for its later breakdown. Nothing has corrupted the German working class so much as the notion that it was moving with the current. It regarded technological developments as the fall of the stream with which it thought it was moving. From there it was but a step to the illusion that the factory work which was supposed to tend toward technological progress constituted a political achievement. The old Protestant ethic of work was resurrected among German workers in secularized form. The Gotha Programme already bears traces of this confusion, defining labour as ‘the source of all wealth and all culture.’ Smelling a rat, Marx countered that ‘…the man who possesses no other property than his labour power’ must of necessity become ‘the slave of other men who have made themselves the owners …’ However, the confusion spread, and soon thereafter Josef Dietzgen proclaimed: ‘The saviour of modern times is called work. The …improvement…of labour constitutes the wealth which is now able to accomplish what no redeemer has ever been able to do.’ This vulgar-Marxist conception of the nature of labour bypasses the question of how its products might benefit the workers while still not being at their disposal. It recognizes only the progress in the mastery of nature, not the retrogression of society; it already displays the technocratic features later encountered in Fascism. Among these is a conception of nature which differs ominously from the one in the Socialist utopias before the 1848 revolution. The new conception of labour amounts to the exploitation of nature, which with naïve complacency is contrasted with the exploitation of the proletariat. Compared with this positivistic conception, Fourier’s fantasies, which have so often been ridiculed, prove to be surprisingly sound. According to Fourier, as a result of efficient co-operative labour, four moons would illuminate the earthly night, the ice would recede from the poles, sea water would no longer taste salty, and beasts of prey would do man’s bidding. All this illustrates a kind of labour which, far from exploiting nature, is capable of delivering her of the creations which lie dormant in her womb as potentials. Nature, which, as Dietzgen puts it, ‘exists gratis,’ is a complement to the corrupted conception of labour.

[@hazelwray4184]

Walter Benjamin?

[@MrVorpalsword]

I was watching a conversion (on KZbin® about Germany, hosted by the London Review of Books - Christopher Clark participated), in which they suggested that Potato Blight was a trigger for this year of revolutions ... if you are reading this Mr. Clark would you put your point of view please? - It would be a direct connection to Great Britain which, as questioners have pointed out, was missing from the action, as well as suggesting why it spread spontaneously across Europe ....

[@lsobrien]

Yo, this is great, but where's my main man Tooze. His lecture was da bomb.

[@TheSpiritOfTheTimes]

What was his topic? Post-08 world?

[@lsobrien]

@@TheSpiritOfTheTimes American power "defying gravity" - the rise and potential decline of the US empire. The Q&A went into all sorts. There was a lot to process, so I'd like to see it again.

[@londonreviewofbooks]

Oh it's coming Luke, don't worry! Text and video will be online with the next issue on 13 March.

[@lsobrien]

@@londonreviewofbooks Cheers! LRB is consistently putting out the best content out there, keep it up.

[@londonreviewofbooks]

@@lsobrien Thanks Luke! Very glad you like our stuff.

[@allansimoes8338]

We know so little about the Revolution in Spain and Portugal 1928 to 1934 with General Franko and Salazar. Allan.

[@allansimoes8338]

Hope Clark can make on the 1905 and 1917 with a view to 1505 and 1517 with a 100 years interval. Allan.

[@christiankastorf1427]

Had Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia accepted the crown offered to him by the constitutional assembly in Frankfurt, he would have caused World War I. Russia and Austria feared any victory of decmocracy, it would have undermined their system of rule over surpressed people, and France feared the change of the political landscape of Europe. All these three powers had rattled with their sabres loudly enough and warned him. And there was the war with Denmark from March 1848 till February 1851 about the issue that the Dukedom of Schleswig was in Denmark but had formed a union with the German Dukedom of Holstein since the 1460s and to make things even more complicated the King of Denmark was Duke of Schleswig and Holstein at the same time . That war made the German unification attempt extremely unpupular all over Europe. But if the German unification of 1849 had worked the world would neither have seen the desastrous system of alliances that led to WWI nor the embittered people that supported fascism and that maniac Hitler. Europe might have been in by 1850 where it was not until 1990.

[@nurlatifahmohdnor8939]

In 1911, Captain Scott reached the South Pole but on the return journey he and his party perished in blizzards and -40°F. cold. Page 27

[@GuinessOriginal]

There was a lecture he did to a bunch of students where they asked him questions afterwards pertaining to the Ukrainian crisis that has been removed within the last month, does anyone know where that lecture was held and if there are any other copies of it up?

[@casteretpollux]

Any recall of what was said?

[@Paeoniarosa]

I wonder if the widespread uprisings in 1848 explains why the people behind the Russian revolution expected there to be worldwide uprisings at that time. I always thought they were crackpots, but perhaps this explains that. In school, historic events are so simplified and taught as if events are discrete, yet history is a continuous flow of events and influences.

[@chriseckert613]

I make the connection to today. I hope that we are able to find our way to the center now, without the bloodshed of 1848.

[@AlbertSchram]

Not all 1848 revolutionary fervour was in vain: in the Netherlands - a founding member of the EU - the King granted a Constitution, still in use today. On the downside, the 2 Leyden law students who had participated in the first communist congress in Paris in 1847, and authors of the magazine "De Burger - The Citizen" were convicted and force marched several hundred of kilometers to jail. Indeed slower delivery would have been better, but the singing makes up for it!

[@Jakob_DK]

Similar in Denmark, with a constitution with democracy and parliament from 1848, with gradually less democracy later and a push in 1902 for democracy not dominated by the king.

[@angusmcangus7914]

Christopher Clark now sits alongside David Starkey, Niall Ferguson and Victor Davis Hanson as the historians whose talks and lectures I really enjoy.

[@Ryan98063]

Add Christopher Hitchens and AC Greyling to your list

[@angusmcangus7914]

@@Ryan98063 While I have watched and read a lot of Hitchens C, he was not a historian. Neither is Greyling who was more than a bit intemperate over Brexit.

[@Ryan98063]

@@angusmcangus7914 kzbin.info/www/bejne/aZXSioand7ybkKs < How are these discussions (between AC Grayling and Hitchens together) not on the same level as the one we're watching now? I think you will not have seen this video which is what I had in mind in walking into this lecture. I also think, or certainly hope, you will be very pleased to see it on the merits or drawbacks of world war 2 allied bombing. Its worth watching.

[@wolficroatia]

a wonderful presenttion: a good overview over all of Europe; in respect to Germany and Austria he got it quite wrong. also exaggerating the Hungarian uprising. The Hungarian uprising has not so much the idea of civil liberties, but the magyar supremacy. however he refers to Robert Blum , yes he was executed by Croats; it was Croats troops standing for the empire - against Hungary as Hungary revolution was so much Magyar. Happy to disccuss. the 1848 changed German lands forever - there are so many issues which survived the revolution and we are still living of that achievemnts.

[@jona.scholt4362]

@15:41 "How is it people in full time work can scarcely manage to feed themselves?". Some things never change. Certainly still an issue here in the states, where many don't even earn a living wage and where Congress won't pass a $15 and hour minimum wage, which itself is scarcely a living wage. This is what happens when politicians are at the mercy of the special interests and their corporate masters.

[@davidriddiford7385]

Coming from Australia and visiting the US over the years as a tourist and on business the wretched conditions of the low paid in the US has appalled me. I find it surprising however that the so called left or progressives fail to see the link between the low wages and the “open borders” immigration policy adopted in the US that provides an infinite amount of cheap labour. A case of supply and demand and an immigration policy that totally shafts the lower skilled worker. If the supply of labour was restricted the much vaunted market forces would effect an increase in the minimum wage to a level comparable with our developed countries

[@jona.scholt4362]

@@davidriddiford7385 Well, America is a country of immigrants (unless of course you're native American) and so open borders are fundamental principal in the US, though of course there is also, and has always been, a group who want to put up walls; literally in some instances. But open borders and low wages do not necessarily correlate. There have been many times in this country when the working class did well and we had the same border policy. The bottom line really is that the mega corporations are the ones withholding wealth to their workers, regardless of where they come from. And the US also benefits great from an open immigration policy. People tend to focus on the poorer immigrants but the US also has many many very educated immigrants and those people help drive the economic engine. Think of it this way; they spend their youth and education in another country and then came here as a very qualified worker. In that instance the US is reaping the benefits while the home country footed the bill.

[@davidriddiford7385]

John. As someone who resides in a country with a higher level of immigration than the US I agree with your comments about the positive aspects to immigration. Those benefits are undeniable. There is a downside to everything however and my point is the lower skilled suffer more of the downside in the form of competition for jobs , cost of housing and access to publicly funded services. For others particularly property developers, merchandisers and business generally there is no downside. For them it’s just a bigger market

[@jona.scholt4362]

@@davidriddiford7385 I'm not disagreeing that adding people to the labor pool (immigrants or otherwise) is a major benefit for the company and them being able to suppress wages. Supply and demand, right? My point was more that there is plenty enough to go around if the fat cats simply pony up a few more pennies, most likely in the form of an increased minimum wage. Also, I assume Australia has national health care (I'm not sure so please correct me if I'm wrong). In the US healthcare is (insanely) tied to your employer; and we have a "no cause" termination policy meaning you can be fired instantly and without cause. I bring this up since nationalizing healthcare here would automatically free up cash for workers and with that a fair minimum wage for all workers would be easily attainable. Immigration is just one of those topics that is tied up with so many other problems/issues with government. And it's, at least here, very much a political football. I would assume in Australia it is probably similar. I don't know why but until you mentioned it I didn't think about Australia and immigration. But now I can't think of any other country that could be as similar to the US. Every now and then you can actually learn something on KZbin comments sections!

[@casteretpollux]

People are starving in the UK.

[@demilembias2527]

Has this guy ever done a great courses? because I don't care what era it's on, if he did one I'll buy it at full price right now lmao.

[@Astroman1990]

35:06 *mic drop*

[@RonJohn63]

16:23 Times certainly have changed... 17:08 Times *really* have changed since then!! 1:00:57 That was the first thing I thought when Clark said that the problem was franchised out to the periphery.

[@Frisbieinstein]

Famed Roman Cicero's name also meant chickpea. I've been absorbed into a national teleology!

[@2msvalkyrie529]

Play at 0.75 speed . More comprehensible . Was his taxi waiting outside with the meter running ?

[@gordian99]

Yes, it would have been better if he said slightly less IMHO at a normal pace.

[@2msvalkyrie529]

I would have liked to hear more about Marx and his analysis of the 1848 situation . His POV on events was always illuminating. Unfortunately his grasp.of Economics was rather less soundly based. Nevertheless , in other respects a towering intellect - as important as Darwin ? Sad to see him denigrated because of so called " Communism ".

[@ahuels67]

Curious of what role the USA played in this whole thing. By that I mean the idea of the USA and its Constitution which I would think most of Europe had known about very well by that point, maybe not tho

[@wladekhanczar]

Everything is correct, only prof. Christopher Clark forgot to say that the main cause of The 1848 Revolution was the potato blight that began in 1844. Millions of people died in the mass rot of potatoes, 70% of Europeans were peasants. The second major cause of the 1848 Revolution were Poles who called for a general revolution against the regimes of the Russian, German and Austro-Hungarian empires. Poles organized uprisings in 1830 and 1846. Polish generals led the insurgent armies, for example General Miroslawski in Germany and Italy, and General Bem in Hungary. The poet Adam Mickiewicz organized the Polish Legion in Italy, issued a declaration on the equality of men, women and Jews, and the Polish slogan was: For our freedom and yours. The Polish aristocracy financed Karol Marx, who, inter alia, called for a revolution against tyrants. Such a Polish rebellious nature since the partitions of Poland in 1772, 1793, 1795. It was the Poles who smashed the USSR and the Warsaw Pact from the inside, Lech Wałęsa and Pope JP II, and the whole concept was described in 1951 by prof. Zbigniew Brzeziński - Security Advisor to US President Jimmie Carter from 1977-81 ... so it was appropriate to mention the participation of Poles in the 1848 Revolution in one word. When the Congress of Slavs was held in Prague in 1848, Poles were designated as the main nation that is to unite all Slavic nations in Europe ...

[@McIntyreBible]

42:14, Senator John Calhoun.

[@AhmetwithaT]

35:05 here's the reason why you came back to this video

[@mariopenulli1395]

35:05 I did not expect this. Definitely not.

[@cfroh]

So glad to see this, incl the Frankfurt violence that led my Frohman's to send their kids to America, starting our history in the U.S.

[@matthewdevereux1288]

Thank you. @devereuxmatthew

[@nurlatifahmohdnor8939]

Page 29 Of seventy-six migrants' ships to sail from Scotland in 1848, seventy-three came to this southern port.

[@nurlatifahmohdnor8939]

Page 29 New Zealand, before then, was threatened with a devastating depression, but in 1882 the first shipment of frozen mutton set sail from Dunedin's harbor.

[@somniato7759]

I'm a Conservative but Robert Blum is a respectable man

[@anti-defecationleague5180]

What are you trying to conserve?

[@LuisAldamiz]

@@anti-defecationleague5180 - Patriarchy. All conservatism is about preserving Patriarchy, which they call "traditional family".

[@christopherlupoi]

​@@LuisAldamiz Ah yes, instead we should have a matriarchy where degradations runs rampant in society and morals and virtues are based on "whats not illegal" right?

[@LuisAldamiz]

@@christopherlupoi - Matriarchies have never existed, at least not beyond isolated enclaves, in all human history and almost certainly prehistory. Matrilineal societies, matrifocal if you wish, yes, but they had quite outstanding roles for the men, unlike Patriarchy, which basically throws women under the burka and into the kitchen or harem space. Moral means custom or tradition, from Latin "mores". Latins also had that saying: "o tempora, o mores!" (each time, each customs), so even them, those pesky conservative, proto-fascist even, Romans were aware that customs change and adapt to the times. What conservatives and rectionaries would want (but can never achieve) is the restoration of the landownerist social system of the Middle Ages. More or less because even they, you, know you can't even reach that far backwards. It's doomed because conservatives/reactionaries never question private property (a tenet that is common to old landownerist-patriarchal and not-so-new-anymore capitalist-decodifying periods). It is Capitalism which is driving that decodification and it is doing so by use and abuse, by corruption and disposal when not anymore useful, of landownerist-patriarchal institutions (incl. your beloved "morals", as moral as slavery and arranged marriage, for example, such an exemplary moral society the one of the feudal warlords!) As you can't question Capitalism's core tenet (private property), you can't fight against the very poison that rots your "morals". You don't even understand what is going on and begin crying like madmen: "communists!", "cultural marxism!", etc., when in reality it is not: it is just decodified humanity, which, once removed from the landownerist rural scenario, becomes hunter-gatherers in the concrete jungle because only the hunter-gatherer instincts remain as the institutions and "morals" of the old regime are destroyed by Capitalist mercantilization one after the other. That war is not class war: it is The Mafia (Capitalism) vs KKK (landownerist nostalgia). The Mafia always wins in the mid run of course. Both exploit workers (of both genders) equally.

[@onceltom]

@@LuisAldamiz FEEL BETTER NOW?

[@nemo-nb3gh]

Much historical information in his talk which is quite interesting to a lesser or greater degree . during the question period 20 minutes from end of talk does he speak of the fundamental problem of wealth disparity then in mid 19th century and a growth in reactionary cut backs in the late 20th and 21st century. in the late 20th and 21st century (the progression towards fair wealth distribution in the FDR era in the US and around same time in Britain in the mid to late 20th century, there have been continuous rollbacks starting around the late 1970s ) . since reagan/thatcher to today policies for a more equitable distribution of wealth continues reactionary economic roll backs for the everyday vital working persons - from janitors to nurses to doctors -- continue till this day both from both tories and labour( in the US republicans and democrats) . about the cult figures that are re emerging as they did in 1848 , Trump the arrogant 2 year old is a case in point of a cult figure .

[@shelbynamels973]

So easy to listen to, unlike the presentation by Richard J Evans, whose cadence makes it hard to follow, and who seems to be going thru the motions, to the disadvantage of his subject matter.

[@paulsmith5035]

He only mentions the failed European revolutions never mentioned the successful Haitian revolution.(1790-1804) How did New world revolutions subsequently influence the old world revolutions?

[@McIntyreBible]

48:10, a consequence of the 1848 Revolutions according to a theorist.

[@ghostdance56]

lets hear your theory.

[@McIntyreBible]

@@ghostdance56 I’m quoting what C.Clark said!

[@ghostdance56]

@@McIntyreBible - thats right, why.

[@shanibar1490]

World War III Has Begun; How It Unfolds Depends on Us We think of the Russia-Ukraine war as a local conflict, but it is much more than that; it is a global war on multiple fronts. The war is not only a military conflict; it is also an economic war of attrition. With skyrocketing gas prices and shortage of staples, people all over the world are feeling the consequences of the war. This war is transforming the entire modus operandi of humanity. Since the dawn of time, we have been accustomed to living by the motto, “survival of the fittest.” By and large, the rule was that the strong determined the rules, and the rules were often abusive toward the weak. Now, it seems like a new mindset has set in: Wanting something and being strong enough to take it does not mean that the world will accept it. The war, therefore, is being fought on the inside no less, and perhaps more than on the outside. Our very makeup is changing from abusive to cooperative, from narcissistic to altruistic. It hurts, and it will not happen without a struggle, but it is irreversible. This is the path of our evolution toward the purpose of our creation-to encompass within us all of creation. To do that, we must come to care for it, just as a mother encompasses her child through her maternal love. The struggle to transition from our current uncaring and mean approach to all creations but ourselves, into wise and compassionate beings is called “the war of Gog and Magog” or Armageddon. Since the war is about our inner makeup, we can fight it within us. If we object to struggling with ourselves over who will rule-the ego or love-the physical reality will force us to choose love nonetheless. However, it will do so by hurting us in a very physical way. The war in Eastern Europe is nothing compared to what we might have to endure if we resist the process. The horrific descriptions of our sages and prophets hint at it, and we would not want to live through it. Alternatively, we can fight this war within us without firing a single bullet. The choice is in our hands. All we need is to continue in the same direction that nature is already leading us: toward connection. If we make an effort to care for one another, even though initially we don’t, then we are moving in the right direction. If we try to resolve conflicts not with guns or even legal battles, but by strengthening the care and friendship between us, then we are saving lives and sparing torments from countless people. In conclusion, let us try to rise above the hatred and see the human on the other side, who suffers too. Let us think that this war was given to us so we would think about each other more than we have so far. After all, were it not for this war, we would not notice one another. Now that it is here, we are no longer indifferent. Although our feelings our currently negative, now that we are aware of them, we can work on them together and turn them around. These are the wars of the Messiah who moshech [Hebrew: pulls] us out of the ego, and into mutual love.

[@Machtyn]

That John Calhoun looks like an evil Doc Brown (Back to the Future).

[@OldSkoolUncleChris]

workers before the city council 19:00

[@truthseeking6611]

In hindsight, losing the war with Prussia was the best thing ever happened to France.

[@nigelhornberry8062]

Yo he can really sing

[@DJRobNHood]

I have only ever heard Christopher Clark speaking German, this is kind of wierd.

[@DavidErdody]

No *apps* on it??? 20:32

[@gunnareinarsson6590]

My fear is that as brilliant an academic as Christopher Clark is, giving such an excellent lecture on the theme of 1848, is that men of his sort will still manage to miss a decisive truth about our times, namely that essential ideas of liberty, such as constitutionalism, citizenship and free speech, are today exclusively carried by and the sole domain of the nationalist right.

[@mariopenulli1395]

A considerable part of academia is "missing" a lot of glaring grievances lately while earning handsomely talking exclusively about others.

[@MaxwellsDemon9]

Cool story bro