Class (12) =Classification of Crude Drug (Part 03) | Chemical & Pharmacological Method

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Classification of Drug Part 1 (Alphabetical Classification) • Class (10) = Classific...
Classification of Drug Part 2 (Morphological and Chemical Classification) • Class (11) = Classific...
For the purpose of study the drugs are classified in the following different ways :
1. Alphabetical classification.
2. Morphological classification
3. Taxonomic classification
4. Chemical classification
5. Pharmacological classification
6. Chemotaxonomical classification
7. Sero- taxonomical classification
4. Chemical Classification
The crude drugs are divided into different groups according to the chemical nature of their most important constituent. Since the pharmacological activity and therapeutic significance of crude chemical classification of drugs is dependent upon the grouping of drugs with identical constituents. An out of this classification is as follow:
Glycosides - Digitalis, senna, cascara, liqourice
Alkaloids - Nux--vomica, ergot, cinchona, datura
Tannins - Myrobalan, pale catechu, ashoka
Volatile - Peppermint, clove, eucalyptus, garlic oils
Lipids - Castor oil, bees wax, lanolin, cod liver oil, kokum butter
Carbohydrates - Acacia, agar, guar gum, pectin, honey, & derivatives isapghula
Resins & resin combination - Colophony, jalap, Balsam of Tolu derivatives
5. Pharmacological (Therapeutic) Classification:
This system of classification involves the grouping of crude drugs according to the pharmacological action of their active constituents or their therapeutic uses, regardless of their morphology, taxonomical status, or chemical relationships.
Drugs Acting on Gastro-Intestinal Tract:
Bitters - Gentian, Quassia, Cinchona
Carminatives - Dill, Mentha, Cardamom
Emetics - Ipecacuanha
Anti-amoebics - Kurchi, Ipecauanha
Bulk laxatives - Agar, Isapghula, Banana
Purgatives - Senna, Castor oil
Peptic ulcer - Derivatives of Glycyrrhitinic acid
treatment ( Liqourice and Raw banana)
Drugs Acting on Respiratory System:
Expectorant - Liqourice, Ipecacuanha, Vasaka
Antiexpectorant - Stramonium leaves (Atropine)
Antitussives - Opium (Codeine, Noscapine)
Brochodilators - Ephedra, Tea (Theophylline)
Drugs Acting on Cardio-Vascular Systems:
Cardiotonics - Digitalis, Squill, Strophanthus
Cardiac depressants - Cinchona (quinidine), Veratrum
Vaso-constrictors - Ergot (ergotamine), Ephedra
Antihypertensives - Rauwolfia
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Nervous Systems:
Adrenergic - Ephedra
Cholinergic - Physostima, Pilocarpus
Anticholinergics - Belladonna, Datura
Drugs Acting on CNS:
Central analgesics - Opium (morphine)
CNS Stimulants - Coffee ( caffeine)
Analeptics - Nux-vomica, Lobelia, Camphor
CNS depressants - Hyoscyamus, Belladonna, opium,
Hallucinogenics - Cannabis, Poppy Latex
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