Coal, Steam, and The Industrial Revolution: Crash Course World History #32

In which John Green wraps up revolutions month with what is arguably the most revolutionary of modern revolutions, the Industrial Revolution. While very few leaders were beheaded in the course of this one, it changed the lives of more people more dramatically than any of the political revolutions we've discussed. So, why did the Industrial Revolution happen around 1750 in the United Kingdom? Coal. Easily accessible coal, it turns out. All this, plus you'll finally learn the difference between James Watt and Thomas Newcomen, and will never again be caught telling people that your blender has a 900 Newcomen motor.
Chapters:
Introduction: The Industrial Revolution 00:00
What Was the Industrial Revolution? 1:48
Innovations in the British Textile Industry 2:38
Why did the Industrial Revolution start in Europe? 4:08
An Open Letter to the Steam Engine 4:57
What was going on in China during the Industrial Revolution? 5:35
European Advantages: High Wages and Low Fuel Costs 7:03
What was going on in India during the Industrial Revolution? 9:28
Credits 10:29
Learn more about the Industrial Revolution in these Crash Course videos:
The Industrial Revolution: Crash Course European History #24: • The Industrial Revolut...
The Industrial Revolution: Crash Course History of Science #21: • The Industrial Revolut...
Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at / crashcourse
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Twitter - / thecrashcourse
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CC Kids: / crashcoursekids

[@aylacastolo5843]

Views: 5% - Bored People 5% - History Addicts 90% - People cramming for an exam

[@camppillow]

perfect example of me dying! my homework of " *INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION* " is due tomorrow :p

[@jaredalvarez890]

@@camppillow mine is due tomorrow, I just need to know how geography helped the Industrial Revolution

[@thingonathinginathing]

History addict reporting in

[@zkysk7672]

I'm watching this for none of those reasons. I'm genuinely interested in the industrial revolution- because we are in one right now. Technology is changing everything, and there's a lot of similar patterns.

[@Orangeboyhd]

i fall in the 5% of history addicts

[@autophaqy]

who else is watching this while quarantined in your home for an online class assignment?

[@whatdoyoumeankillsforupto4703]

Here

[@rivernm105]

Here

[@alyssaturner1073]

literally me😂

[@picklerick8715]

O.o Silicon Valley O.O

[@hersheysbar28]

Ayy lmao

[@mikhail7905]

Who else had to watch this as a class assignment?

[@vaselini]

John Getachew yup. I still remember the teacher slowing it down so that we could understand him

[@mrduckyru]

History assessment lol

[@TR1PP531]

Yep I do at ACA

[@asmaamahran654]

uhhhhh more like a project

[@coopermcewan1648]

me

[@1millionsubswithonly2video39]

Teacher: Explains Industrial Revolution in over 6 weeks Me: ... i still don't get it Me: Finds this video Me: Ohhhhhhhh yeah, i get it now Also me: Fails the Test

[@Schizohandlers]

Bruh what are you not getting

[@1millionsubswithonly2video39]

@@Schizohandlers THE WHOLE THINGG

[@gamegirl8722]

@@1millionsubswithonly2video39 mood

[@elorahancock6326]

Blasian Gurl basically just remember that unions cane out of it and factories were huge and had no safety or child labor laws

[@1millionsubswithonly2video39]

@@elorahancock6326 What's a union? u mean onion ?

[@mergieismoronic]

You exist? *I N D U S T R I A L R E V O L U T I O N*

[@illiteratethug3305]

@Rhys Parry yes

[@hannahkellaway]

Your iPhone? I N D U S T R I- Capitalism ... Plus industrial revolution

[@dinonugget2238]

@@hannahkellaway H I S T O R Y Honestly I've never heard of capitalism I don't know. I'm in the 6th grade.

[@RockSmithStudio]

Ya. Also the digital revolution!

[@fivesARC--5555]

yep i thought the same thing

[@EmilyKardum]

my teacher played this in history today and I was so happy when he told us that we'll be watching more episodes later on, it's amazing how much better school is when john green is involved

[@VRichardsn]

Like with pretty much everything that has to do with learning, the less boring it is, the faster and better you understand and assimilate it.

[@moomoomachines7193]

6:33 R.I.P. Flowers. You will forever be remembered.

[@TR1PP531]

OH SAY CAN YOU SEEEEEEEEEEE BY THE DAWNS EARLY BRIIIIIIIIIGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHHT

[@kareldolezel1293]

The second half of the video is very simplistic. Firstly, Europe had a long history of mechanized production way before the steam engine and "cheap coal". Water powered and mechanized mills appeared in Europe as back as the 12th century. And there were aspects of industrialism way before the industrial revolution. For examle, let´s look at paper. Although invented in China in 105 AD, it was always a small production artisan process to make it. It´s only when it came to Europe that we first see economies of scale and mechanization. The first paper mill dates to 1276 Italy. When Johannes Gutenberg invented his printing press in 1440, it was a matter of entrepreneurialism, not just individual genius or "making inventions". He studied in a university, traveled to Strasbourg, made a business deal with merchants who provided him with venture capital for the development. Which he then used to assemble a team of artisans, who provided several years of engineering and inventions of their own to make it happen. Trying to beat the competition breathing on their back... And of course, the only reason the printing press was ever useful was because by that time paper was produced in giant mills, where cloth rags were beaten to a paper pulp by water powered hammers. The printing press then fueled Renaissance and education, wich fueled inovation and so on. You mentioned how the textile industry started it all, but the "flying shuttle" was invented by John Kay in 1733 and the "spinning jenny" was invented by James Hargreaves in 1764. The first textile factory of Comford Mill was built by Richard Arkwright in 1772 and was powered by water wheel. So by the time James Watt invented his steam engine in 1778, to make it´s impact, the industrial revolution already begun.

[@tigrang1134]

Wtf, y did u write all of that?!#$.?&*@#?

[@reachfan88277]

Bruh stfu you’re annoying omfg

[@idkdude27]

Take a shot everytime he says industrial revolution

[@devin_pauley_19]

Lol I did that in my history class

[@nostalgia8290]

I don't want to pass out

[@gamegirl8722]

are you trying to kill us

[@inportantspeedflash4401]

You blink * I N D U S T R I A L R E V O L U T I O N*

[@1millionsubswithonly2video39]

lmao

[@cece5675]

no one: john green: *I N D U S T R I A L R E V O L U T I O N*

[@andreasantos2492]

since we're all here because of online classes, y'all got the answers?

[@JessWeng]

I worship to your videos before an exam

[@JessWeng]

Pray**

[@drpyaepeterjackson]

Does it work ?

[@JessWeng]

Peter Jackson Haha lol, no :PPP

[@drpyaepeterjackson]

actually worshipping these videos makes u smart :)

[@JessWeng]

Peter Jackson lolllllll I wish ;)

[@taylorluvstrack]

I'm upset that it took me halfway through my sophomore year to discover Crash Course. Thank you, John Green and the whole staff, not only helping me understand topics as a whole, but making me much more curious to learn more and get interested in the subject. My history textbook just doesn't have the same effect, needless to say.

[@pathetically]

how did i just find out that this dude wrote The Fault in Our Stars

[@taylor8153]

did he really?

[@Good_Side]

@@taylor8153 it's been 5 months u don't need to respond

[@staticchronos2780]

@@taylor8153 yeah, he did

[@matiastoledo4201]

He also wrote paper towers

[@ky6517]

Wait so THIS is the John Green who wrote that?? Oh wow.

[@tigrang1134]

People watching this: 5%- history addicts 95%- people forced to for online school

[@ApersonIguess-rb6fu]

Fellow history addict here.

[@tigrang1134]

Angel Pansari no just improving

[@wldnlucas7855]

Tiko on iPad lol if u wanna improve ur an addict

[@sophia3037]

Copycat

[@tigrang1134]

SOPHIA stfu ur so annoying

[@WillaDaKilla474]

I half expected that when he ended the ramblings about how everything in our lives was due to the industrial revolution, he would say "unless you're the Mongols."

[@zanderrose]

After he mentioned plumbing, he should've said "unless you're the romans"

[@VishrutKannan]

Lol Mongols are the exceptionXD

[@sophiacai8157]

@Minecrew Hcrid NO.

[@jiagengliu]

Well in this case Mongols are not an exception indeed :)

[@Alex-ur8kd]

Thanks the Mongols didn't reach England in 13th century, they were an unstoppable force.

[@derpygrenade4517]

Teacher: 11 minutes till the test Me:

[@martin.carmona]

Covid 19 is why I’m here rn

[@tyleacouch6314]

Martin Carmona same

[@malcolmjenkins4501]

Same

[@amyagoofyahh3037]

same

[@kayvee3634]

Martin Carmona same

[@turtle2246]

Same

[@ThatSkyBirdAira]

Am I the only one who said "Aww!" when I saw WALL-E at 2:18? I love that little robot lol

[@RonanBunny]

Nope, I am also a fan of Wall•E

[@joshuadarrow]

This is probably the best web series i have ever seen, history is a very under-appreciated subject.

[@artywolve]

I feel like there was a lot here about the outcome and not much about the process... The industrial revolution completely reformed British society, as people gathered from the countryside to form huge cities in order to work in factories. This sudden and unprecedented change came with all sorts of problems, and working conditions were horrendous, but the new working order and lowered costs of mass produced items like bread and clothes, along with their newly available education, gave former peasants the chance to rise and create the middle class. The railway network that drastically altered Europe paved the wartime supply lines, while steamboats improved cross-atlantic trade: things which had great impact on the people's way of life. Those dense industrial cities still exist, although their trade wealth is gone, factories replaced by offices; the clustered red brick houses still stand; the canals run between them; Ireland still makes expensive linen, and until the 80s Wales still mined coal. Even the co-operative is still running banks, supermarkets and funeral care.

[@geraldineburgos6510]

John sounds so enthusiastic when he speaks it makes me really want to pay attention when he talks about this stuff

[@Clutched392]

Me: is this a promotion for your T-shirts? John Green: no, this is *the mongols*

[@goneaccount9161]

Scatlife_ f

[@provokingpickles1108]

my teacher literally just shows me John Green's videos and expects me to somehow understand everything there is to be know on this subject

[@malina145]

cramming for the ap tomorrow be like-

[@maximusmorcos5407]

me rn

[@puree4427]

study periods 4,5,6 STUDY

[@jessicamedina8087]

You too huh?

[@devinotero1798]

Got it at 8 am tm

[@kat-ze4eh]

I’ve just started studying 😭💀

[@rodolfobeguiristain]

You live somewhere other than a farm? Industrial revolution! Oh I live in a cave!

[@walidsbeih9329]

Industrial revolution!

[@innocentferret2365]

In which she locks you in for several hours a day. Thnx Industrial Revolution

[@marinareinheimer2639]

i actually live in a farm lmao

[@Whitlock123]

We're not savages...

[@lilyvicbarlizo5790]

gay mario what is a wifi?

[@nads291]

this guy talking is making me hold my breath.

[@tradetor]

An open letter to steam engine: stop fking around and make half life 3 already!

[@mayankraj6008]

Half life 3 will be too glorious for source engine

[@BattlegroundsFTW]

Mayank Raj That's why they're making Source 2 first

[@NeroVuk]

They will prob make Dota 3 first, like Dota 2, but with hats. Top kek, lel.

[@mayankraj6008]

Nero Vuk They will more likey release half life 3 as so many people want it

[@NeroVuk]

Mayank Raj so many people have wanted it for eons now.

[@lucas8089]

This is going to help me a lot with my homework. Good that history doesn't change so this video never gets outdated

[@thenoblecrab2998]

“This machine kills fascists” had me dead in the vid

[@RayDai_thecpum_bacon]

1:37 I saw what you did there Mr. Green...

[@treadmill3889]

Yes, I saw the Mongol-tage as well.

[@sis6334]

1:38

[@aidenwild731]

we chesee

[@flg1475]

Sis is

[@aidan312]

This 11 minute video probably taught me more than my teacher talking for an hour about the exact same topic

[@Claudia-qg9dg]

2:21 there's a picture of the tesseract when he says "new energy sources" YESSSSSS

[@michaelmnh]

Exam tomorrow lmao

[@TooFast_]

I got you fam

[@ziky8511]

same

[@infinitespiral4151]

Same

[@Td1ce]

im taking summerschool for US history and i cant tell you how much this guy has helped me

[@ValenceAwesomeness]

I'm not sure how much I'm learning simply because I'm watching this for entertainment value. John Green, you've made my least favorite subject in high school my most favorite subscribed channel. Props to the rest of your staff as well.

[@mrandmrsdon]

Thank you for your videos. I am a school teacher and I use these videos as the engagement activity when introducing new units. My sixth graders love the fast pace, humor, sarcasm, and story telling in these videos and they spur excellent class discussion about the unit. Most times I never get to any other activities after I show these. You guys rock!

[@piksa840]

2019: John Green 2020: John Quarantine!

[@richujames8285]

00:00 sliding into them DMs and also my man sliding so hard knocked the earth out of orbit

[@cassandraflores6193]

OMG!!!!! Thank you Stan and John for putting the TARDIS in there!!! You guys seriously make me like history so much more!!!

[@christianailagan6328]

this is my life saver, especially finals are coming up 😭

[@bohan2843]

+Christiana Ilagan good luck :)

[@EaZePromo]

2 days and finals week for me

[@Yk-mm6xt]

+EaZe than get off of KZbin and start studying

[@EaZePromo]

Amy kesselman This is studying lmao

[@yusufsaquib2800]

Same dude. I need this xD

[@swiftie07swift35]

The man who gets me through all the test not all heroes wear capes.

[@abcslayer2722]

Thank you for mentioning China

[@Dogetor]

John sorry but a TARDIS runs on the energy of a dying star!

[@GeekInfusion]

Wasn't that just to contact Rose in the parallel world? I'm pretty sure the Time Vortex is the heart of the TARDIS. It turned Rose in to Bad Wolf.

[@Dogetor]

In the parting of ways, yes it does say that. But in Journey to the center of the TARDIS, the dying star: "The Eye of Harmony" is said to have powered it, that was the whole focus of the episode.

[@GeekInfusion]

Oh yeah, that's right. I'd forgotten about that. So many good episodes :)

[@owencooper5464]

Doge much time many star wow all dying

[@DarkZide8]

Doge it is probably using that energy in order to fuel a steam engine ;)

[@davidmedlin8562]

Just love history and John Greene

[@hastytkd5768]

I watch this stuff for fun but now I have an exam.

[@josephan5159]

This guy makes history fun

[@mbmotsoeneng8646]

I have spent the past two days watching this World History series and I have found it to be educational and entertaining including the episode on wait for it.....The Monguls. I wish John was high school teacher for like every subject my report cards would have looked better.

[@Kathy-pf5ms]

I have two essays due today, both history essays. I appreciate these videos so much lol.

[@ellapainter4063]

very useful thx i needed this for an exam

[@AbraxasCombatSquirrel]

Thank you Industrial Revolution for making Crash Course possible to produce

[@nicodemusedwards6931]

My skin, industrial revolution! My hair, industrial revolution! My black magic skills, industrial revolution!

[@ragestarshine5735]

i'll be legit sad when this series ends

[@reynacontreras7768]

Thank you John Green you are helping me ace my test (ace means score A+).

[@x.o.x.o.j.u.l.e.s]

I cant believe this was made 11 years ago and i actually like watching it... I was 5 when this video came out 😆

[@brightmal]

Another look at why the industrial era kicked off in Europe is the book "Guns, Germs, and Steel". I strongly advise reading it.

[@JakeVoorhees]

Thanks again for all that you do John and the team, another awesome video. Cheers!

[@user-hd8qj7wr3n]

Watching for a assignment in class😃

[@Evelighte]

even my AP world teacher shows us your vids every time we are working on a topic that you have a video on, and he even gives us homework on it. thanks for the year of easy, 5 point homework assignments!! 👍👍👍

[@multimoron11]

The production quality of this channel is so god damn high

[@rlbadger1698]

If you read down the comments you get arguments about coal production and economic environments, ect.. But the one thing you don't get is the one glaring difference from every where else. The concept, idea, and craze (fad) of invention to get rich. The spinning jenny was the first invention to make it's inventor rich. The idea that you could invent something and get rich was what made the industrial revolution.

[@KN-vg3yz]

BALLS LIKE ITS FIFA

[@imperiumdivinity]

love how the 'energy source' in John's explanation was the Tesseract from the MCU. nice touch. and it brought back memories.

[@sneharoy009]

I think a major factor that led the British to industrialize first was the fact that they were surrounded by water , hence transportation was easy.

[@RyanZentmyer]

My teacher makes us cite everything that's not common knowledge but I learned so much from AP World History last year that isn't common knowledge and I no longer have the textbook so this video is a lifesaver, both as a review and a source that I can cite for my paper.

[@abigailfrierson5965]

good luck to everyone taking the apwh exam tomorrow!

[@sil1260]

Wow, very fun and helpful video for me. thank you!

[@soullesspacifistofficial]

So useful! Going to keep using this channel for all my studying needs!

[@Dan-ei2be]

Anyone else feel he talks really fast, I have to slow down the video LOL

[@niclouds5292]

I speed him up to 1.25.+Hi

[@IainRosen]

+Hi That's why it's called a crash course

[@insiya4561]

+Hi IKKKRRRR!!! He speaks so fast that he doesn't have time to take a breath.

[@misterw236]

+Hi I struggle with his fast pace as well. I would watch a video twice as long if he spoke at half the pace. I need time to process what's being said.

[@machilis1999]

+GC W i watch his videos twice always😂

[@sinder9737]

**Insert comment nitpicking some minor aspect of the video here** **insert comment complaining about some aspect of history left out of the video** **insert comment on self-hating his own history or the western world here**

[@ammaryusuf7392]

the first part was really specific. I love your channel. keep making videos!

[@tomppa327]

This video was awesome! Good information in a form that was easy to understand. One of the best channels in You Tube!

[@anxme_o2572]

This dude really be hitting everything 00:01 6:32

[@gavine2363]

I love how he goes into how the East has also made incredible developments throughout history. Everyone says Gutenberg was first to mass produce paper in 1400-1500 but the east beat us to it in 800-900

[@liliths1001]

Thank you so much for making

[@christiannieuwveld9597]

John Green is AMAZING!!

[@cranten2631]

how is my project? The Industrial Revolution The industrial revolution was the transition to new manufacturing ways in the period of 1760-1840. This transition included going from products made by hand to by machines. The machines were running on steam power, this made the production of products easier. The steam engine was used in mining, used to draw water from the ground so the mines don't flood. The steam engine was perfected by James Watt, and in honor of him, they named a unit of power after him. The industrial revolution started in Great Britain and quickly spread across Europe and the Americas. Also, many technological innovations were originally British ideas. Britain became the worlds leading commercial nation by the mid-18th century from trading with colonies in North America and the Caribbean. The industrial revolution influenced most of the modern things today (cars, television, phones etc.). One reason Great Britain was the worlds leading commercial nation was the high wages, Britain also had coal which made steam engines run with could be paid for by the high wages. Before the industrial revolution, 80% of the world's population was in farming to keep its self and the other 20% from starving. Today less than 1% of people are in farming. The invention of the flying shuttle by John Kay increased the speed of weaving which created a demand for yarn, which led to the creation of the Spinning Jenny and the water frame. The steam engine made the flying shuttle better, which needed the Spinning Jenny and the water frame to improve too. The steam engine powered trains and steamboats and also made more efficient cotton mills. For the first time, other chemicals besides stale urine were being used to bleach clothes people wore. The first of these chemicals was sulfuric acid. Why did Britain experience the industrial revolution first? Its an argument between people, some argue that science and invention that made the creation of these technologies possible. Another argument is Freer political institutions encouraged innovation and strong property rights which created incentives for inventors. Also, there is its small population, and small populations need labor-saving inventions. The steam engine has never really been approved upon since James Watt changed it. almost all energy run on a steam engine, whether its a nuclear or coal power its just basically a steam engine. Britain had two major advantages in the industrial revolution. 1: coal, this is because the thing that made the industrial revolution go was a steam engine which ran on coal. 2: wages, Britain had the highest wages in the world, most likely due to the black death killing off a lot of its population, so it tightened labor market to influence them to want to work with the high wages.

[@Niko-hj5hb]

very good

[@torres6490]

Love the way you threw that promotion in there. Also, love you videos!!

[@UndercoverLemon]

John Green, the advertisement wasn't shameless, it was worthy. I would most definitely support crash course and buy the shirt if I didn't live in a third world country where buying online goodies isn't very easy. Anyway, much love, respect and emotional support for what you guys have been doing.

[@idontgetit2349]

class assignment during coronavirus :(

[@jamieobree1181]

I feel there is enough history in the world that Europe's should not be appreciated less, but rather the rest of the world's be appreciated more. I love learning about cultures and regions sadly neglected by European education, but I feel that belittling Europe's greatest events (like the Industrial Revolution) is not the answer. Instead emphasise other world events like the Arabic invention of the modern numerical system, the core of all modern science (try calculas in Roman Numerals :P). Or the incredible influence of African-American musicians on modern music going back to the Blues. No one need be insulted, some just need more praise.

[@paulk314]

The Arabs did not invent the modern numeric system. It was invented by Indian mathematicians and adopted by Persians.

[@ananyaupadhya1974]

Arabic numerals were invented by the Guptas in India and transmitted to Europe by the Arabs, hence earning them the name.

[@RetroCountryRules]

Stop misspelling "calculus" !

[@Techtips200]

can u make a video on what goes behind the scenes in making these awesome videos

[@sciblastofficial9833]

Anil Bhosale what does dftba mean

[@Techtips200]

SciBlast Official don't forget to be awesome

[@NBurst]

THESE VIDEOS ARE TRASH

[@marcellogamez5529]

dislike to you xpird

[@fclp67]

honestly that before the intro, sequence was amazing

[@okaykailo]

Thank you so much for these videos

[@jenniferruberio7451]

Yes I am quarantined at home studying for a discussion board. It's our first week online.

[@will.aldrich]

3:57 that was one hell of a plug.

[@nikolakonecna7070]

Industrial revolution knowledge helped me to an A in Social politics exam...I love how everything is connected :-)

[@jianxavier1224]

great show!

[@pedroheberle6665]

Great video, John, just one objection: it was iron rather than steel that, along with coal, fueled the whole thing up in the beginning, including that virtuous railroad cycle that you mentioned - and that for the better part of the nineteenth century. My source is Hobsbawm, who claims that even the "Age of Capital" (ending in 1875) was still an age of iron, not one of steel.

[@kayla-spam-8276]

bed? *industrial revolution* electronics? *industrial revolution* prescription? *industrial revolution* hotel? *trivago*

[@investigate711]

I will forever thank you guys for giving me summary's of everything the day before an exam

[@TheKarver21]

I just used your video in my HIST 1301 class! My students love you!

[@artemy8450]

I thought the kid at 1:07 had a bong

[@cranten2631]

he does

[@Xhirix]

8:07 That took me a few seconds to process

[@leemoulton7776]

Lol

[@graceparsons6083]

You are literally my hero!!!! I should have been watching these vids from day 1 instead of trying to understand my Professor's beyond horrible lectures ... Seriously thank you for saving my grades

[@anupamatiwari293]

thank you very much!this really helped me in my debate about the industrial revolution

[@JL-vz8dj]

dying rn bc i have a final tmrw about this stuff and i think my teacher lowkey hates me so i gotta do well, ty john

[@jacksoldano5331]

Was that the Tessaract during your definition. Nice

[@studyhafufo8550]

Thanks to this video I got an A+ on my test about the industrial revolution.