The Industrial Revolution: Crash Course European History #24

We've talked about a lot of revolutions in 19th Century Europe, and today we're moving on to a less warlike revolution, the Industrial Revolution. You'll learn about the development of steam power and mechanization, and the labor and social movements that this revolution engendered.
SOURCES
Hobsbawm, Eric. Studies in Archaic Forms of Social Movements in the 19th and 20th Centuries. New York: W. W. Norton, 1965.
Hunt, Lynn. et al. The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures, 6th ed. Boston: Bedford St. Martin’s, 2019.
Kent, Susan Kingsley. A New History of Britain since 1688: Four Nations and an Empire. New York: Oxford University Press, 2017.
Riello, Giorgio. Cotton: The Fabric That Made the Modern World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
Smith, Bonnie G. et al. World in the Making: A Global History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019.
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#crashcourse #history #europeanhistory

[@andreakuo144]

you dont know true desperation until you're watching crash course on 2x speed hours before your ap exam

[@aidanforcetwo3592]

Orphans: *exists* Factory Owners: It's free real estate

[@elyca6329]

You may add someone working from home because of the COVID isolation measures ^^'

[@lakbaynikko7020]

views: 5%: bored 5%: history addicts 90%: cramming for exam

[@greenegg6010]

Close i gotta do homework

[@harrylarkin3555]

jerry felipé same

[@ezekielmigueldatuin9014]

Nice copy. Literally someone already wrote that in his other videos 😂😂

[@ingrid1033]

@@greenegg6010 Same 😑

[@j_coups]

nice copy paste but at least you tried! ☺️

[@MarceMarcus]

Child:*loses parents* Factory owners:”Hippty hoppty your now my property”

[@Mikkamel]

@Jay Blake No! NEXT week will be the one when John calls for hanging the last capitalist by the entrails of the last priest! He just needed to introduce some terms first, so that when the nerdtopia or whatever community are told in episode 25 that they are to be a vanguard party they understand what they must do!

[@Mikkamel]

@Jay Blake I haven't seen it, but I assume every episode is just about how the workers should control the means of production. All kidding aside, it's always nice to see a few comrades in the comments of my guilty lib pleasure videos. If I have a problem with your original comment, it is that a lot of the audience for these videos is still in school and would maybe actually listen if you explained what the actual problem is instead of just calling it liberal trash. But then again, that is a lot of effort, and it's not as if I put it in. But if another episode shows up where they speak about the horrors of capitalism, let's try to be friendly and open and actually engage with some people who do not already agree with us!

[@Mikkamel]

@Jay Blake He died in 1784, so let's just say he played a fine season against less than stellar competition.

[@Mikkamel]

@Jay Blake I'll check it out, even knowing that this will make me feel worse, which is why I've been avoiding those videos. But please remember that this video included a graphic description of a child being gradually dismembered until she died and there is a huge target audience for the video actually shocked about that. Liberal trash it may be, but there are people looking for actual explanations. I think a friendlier approach is better. Now I guess I'll see you in that god damn business video that I don't really want to watch. Stay strong!

[@eruno_]

@Jay Blake being concerned about working conditions is not liberal, conservative or uniquely socialist position to take. It's like being humane.

[@nadiatrudel]

Literally had a test about this yesterday and NOW it’s being uploaded? The universe works against me

[@mortuos557]

Don't worry... The next test will probably be later than the next episode 😜

[@juniormynos9457]

So there was a time when Europe made knock offs of original Chinese products?🤔

[@karlkarlos3545]

No, they just figured out, how to do it themselves.

[@juniormynos9457]

@@karlkarlos3545 Isn't that what knock offs are?

[@twistedtachyon5877]

Yup.

[@karlkarlos3545]

@@juniormynos9457 Nope. It's not a "Knock Off" if you figure out something by yourself.

[@Carewolf]

@@karlkarlos3545 Yes it is. That is literally what it is, as opposed to a copy.

[@AverytheCubanAmerican]

Britain just figured out how to turn steam into power, so now, they can make *many different types of machines and factories with machines in them so they can make a lot of products real fast*

[@arkheavyindutries]

I got that reference! (bill wurtz)

[@crystalward1444]

Britain's only advantage was it had ready access to coal...first at ground level, and then below ground in their colonies, especially Australia, Eastern Canada, and India. Coal was the driving force of Britain until the Pea Souper (Great episode about that on The Crown) after WWII when Winston Churchill began energy conservation regulations to improve air quality.

[@cmrnmoir]

@@crystalward1444 That and the comparatively strong protection of property and personal rights afforded by the common law, as well as limitations on government power which meant that British governments weren't as likely to arbitrarily default on loans

[@caleblongabaugh5087]

Knock knock , it’s the United States

[@jeffbeasto3198]

@@cmrnmoir OFC, you have to remember the Royal Navy. The power of coal was also quite strong, however, the property & protection grows with each other.

[@Amaya313]

"If you closed your eyes in 2020 and woke up in 2021, how weird is the world gonna be?" Well, it's funny you say that...

[@Alfosan2010]

indeed interesting... After all this mess, Will America still be the leader of the world? Will China become number 1? Will Heineken replace Corona?

[@TellemJ]

Do you like my Nickname? I've made you waste 5 sec Nah China will be destroyed n conquered by America

[@jamietate3526]

He said this with no idea that if we closed our eyes in February and woke up in March we’d think we’d be catapulted 10 years

[@chinmaykalakonda6528]

I like how this came out after we finished this unit in class

[@JohnBrown-vo8dn]

Same

[@macpollen]

Same

[@eddyrao5910]

rly? we're still on the enlightenment and finishing up absolutism

[@SamAssadi]

To me it just stopped at the point he'll be talking about modernism which I have an oral exam in tomorrow 😅

[@macpollen]

I'm in eighth but my school has science one semester and social studies another. But I still get science all year because I'm in a science club.

[@anisilva9588]

I love that in these newer versions of Crash Course, the information is delivered much more calmly. I always feel like if a person has to speed through their information, then they don't know it very well. Excelent job with these videos!

[@bronze_cookie8333]

Whose watching this because they got it for their history homework during quarantine?😋

[@larryaimeevignola6750]

haha meeeeeeeee

[@cherylsheffield5926]

Me!

[@Nightmare6719]

Hello!

[@djthomh6193]

mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

[@mrwhitney3871]

Idiot

[@garr123]

Little Mary Richards survived, apparently. "But neither the spine of her back was broken, nor were he brains injured, and to the amazement of every one, who beheld her mangled and horrible state, by the skill of the surgeon, an the excellence of her constitution, she was saved!" Although, "Saved to what end ? the philosopher might ask-to be sent back to the same mill, to pursue her labours upon crutches, made a cripple for life, without a shilling indemnity from the parish, or the owners of the mill"

[@Nicarand]

5:00 As far as I know, Böttger was basically an alchemist who promised the Saxon lord, August the Strong, that he'd figure out how to turn various metals into gold. August had Böttger locked up in the castle of Meißen for long enough that he figured out how to make porcellain instead, which was probably even more valuable at the time. Because only the Chinese knew how to make it prior to that, they kept it a well guarded secret and importing it to Europe cost a fortune. If you've ever been to the region (Meißen, Dresden etc.), porcellain is still a huge part of its history and identity. Its invention and production was basically the foundation of Saxony's wealth in the early modern era and also paid for all the nice palaces and cathedrals in Dresden. And all the art and treasure that's basically in every nook and cranny of the Town Castle and Zwinger Palace.

[@CanuckMonkey13]

Interesting. As soon as the name was mentioned, my first thought was "the alchemist who said he could convert things into precious metals" and I was surprised to hear the thing about porcelain instead. I have no conscious memory of this bit of history, but based on your comment I am guessing that I learned it at some point and the relevant neural pathways have degraded too much for me to recall details but are still active enough to ping me with a tidbit when the name is mentioned. tl:dr: BRAINS ARE WEIRD.

[@TheAtheist92]

Silvermining in the Erzgebirge above all else and also the Elbe as a trading route were actually more important than porcellain in creating Saxony's wealth in the EMA.

[@Nicarand]

@@TheAtheist92 Fair enough, change that to "one of the foundations", then. It did have a huge impact, though.

[@matejeber91]

Porcelain was also very valuable because it is taste neutral.

[@user-xq5og9lt8p]

7:28 "Sensitive people who cry over the horrors of a revolution: shed at least several tears over the horrors which have caused it" Jules Michelet

[@zainubaali6704]

I love learning about the industrial revolution. It’s overwhelming to think of all the ways industrialisation has changed the world. Great video 👍🏼

[@caseysmith4206]

Correction: James Watt is Scottish.

[@boazjamesmiller6387]

This isn't the first time John Green has made the mistake of confusing Scotland with England.

[@BOVdaMAN]

thank you!

[@Ngunjiri1]

Was about ready to paint my face blue and go ham in the comments.

[@dominickbiolsi6134]

You all are whining about 1 very minor ethnic mistake of an inventor from 240 years ago. He puts a lot of effort into this and these are great videos I regularly use in class

[@ihearcalling]

Bezos was watching the section about child labour with whistful tears for a bygone age

[@Bella-nt7ec]

why would he?

[@lyera99]

Nice to see my hometown of Manchester being mentioned on Crash Course! This city’s industrial legacy is still very obvious even today after years of redevelopment and gentrification

[@TheDragonOfWhi]

Did you just say James Watt was 'English'? He was Scottish.

[@seamushowling572]

Uh oh.

[@zlatko8051]

*insert angry Scottish comment here*

[@conornorris6815]

SCOTTLLAAND YA WEE BASTAARD

[@julians7268]

Git in muh *BELLY* !

[@bjf10]

This Scot literally shouted "ENGLISH?! WHAT?!" at that.

[@emmamaria8139]

The beginning explaining the way of life felt so peaceful to me for some reason

[@BeCurieUs]

I, too, would have ended the double polo experiment after learning it made me look like Steve Bannon

[@kyokyoniizukyo7171]

...Yeah, dang he really does look like steve bannon...

[@BeCurieUs]

@Brownie Amanteigado You are just assuming they use unethically sourced labor?

[@bangxingho3408]

The Industrial Revolution to me is just like a story I know called ‘The Puppy Who Lost His Way.’ The world was changing, and the puppy was getting...bigger. So, you see, the puppy was like industry. In that, they were both lost in the woods. And nobody, especially the little boy-‘society’-knew where to find ‘em. Except that the puppy was a dog. But the industry, my friends, that was a revolution.

[@Ghonosyphlaids]

My first real taste of class consciousness came about because of this discussion. The luddites violently rioted, unions tried to organize labourers and the proletariat tried for suffrage. Guess which groups were attacked and killed in droves for their actions?

[@TupacMakaveli1996]

Use to watch for school, now it's my general source of knowledge.. ah

[@IbeatHalo1onLegendary]

1:06 I was on board until you said "neanderthals", like, most europeans at the time were farmers (i.e. living a settled life). Neanderthals were... well, not settled.

[@joshuacampbell1625]

He meant in terms of standard of living, but yeah it is a pretty odd example to use. Early farmers at the dawn of the agricultural revolution might have been better perhaps.

[@IbeatHalo1onLegendary]

@@joshuacampbell1625 I understood the nuance, but i feel he like, of all the words to use to describe it, "neanderthals" was a pretty bad choice

[@Gwydda]

@@IbeatHalo1onLegendary I think it's because most people can't imagine the misery of agricultural life, since it's been romanticized for the past 100 years in arts, so a Neanderthal works for most people better.

[@darlene8130]

He's quoting someone else.

[@adm0iii]

Neanderthals lived hand to mouth, like serfs. And like them, when anything happens to make things worse (bad weather, blight, sickness), all they can do is suffer and die. Unlike serfs, neanderthals didn't have landowners forcing more work from them while they suffered and died, so neanderthals are actually better off.

[@ThePoindex83]

Thanks John and team. I’m really enjoying this series.

[@newnickfb]

Does John have like a new neighbor that's forcing him to be quiet and keep the energy down or something? I miss the old energy.

[@MatthewBosk]

10:43 beautifully said.

[@dotclyde137]

This is one of the best videos I've ever seen. Thank you Crash Course ❤️

[@mooncake1756]

im watching this video 1 day before my homework is due. life saver.

[@derekwilson8432]

I find it funny how john used to yell and scream information quickly, now hes more chill

[@PAUNOMOLUSCO]

I kind of like this way though.

[@benjaminmoser7426]

Hey John et al. Loads of respect for the venture. These are really great teaching that feature really sharp scholarship. These are videos that I would love to use. All in all I would love to see the idea of a US history specifically designed for ELLs featuring focused vocab and a more intentional cadence. Look into it because this team is uniquely talented.

[@percygallagher922]

“Production and profits came first to avoid financial ruin” Thank god we learned from that...

[@unreasonablyagreeable1081]

History is so cyclical, seems like we are going through our own industrial revolution, as we move away from manual labor to automation. Rather than go about finding ways to organize and shape the changing industrial-automated landscape... They rather just fight to keep companies from automating. I understand no one wants to lose their job, but why is it so difficult to have discussions on how we can take advantage of automation and improve the quality of life to human beings.

[@nope2dat]

I think you already have some examples of those conversations with talk around universal basic income or the potential for self driving transport to revolutionise our public transportation system. I think the problem is that with the digital revolution mass media is dead. If you look at the pre-industrial and industrial eras societies were so much more unified, with collective media through which everyone discussed the issues. Culture and cultural influences were historically defined by which class you belonged in and those sources distributed ideas among themselves. Today in the age of the internet there is no mainstream culture just thousands of competing subcultures all of which compete to have the most influence and dismiss the others.

[@beth8775]

Because surviving automation means doing away with the idea of "earning" a living, and way too many people cannot comprehend that.

[@Bella-nt7ec]

something needs to be done, or else all that jazz will lead to that Planète des singes by Pierre Boule, actually like the 2120 cosmonaut at 16:30

[@rossiuow]

A criminally underappreciated video.

[@shockingheaven]

Watching this during quarantine

[@walid7084]

Ah yes, just in time for my unit test tomorrow, bless your souls.

[@bruhitsjoyce3521]

omg yuhhh same I have an exam tomorrow

[@pudanielson1]

Along with job diversification it brought about a different social society and social revolution in how we view human live

[@richardsimms251]

Very good video. Thank you.

[@Brut.V]

Wow that thought experiment at the beginning really brought to light the immense change experienced in this time period. Never thought of it that way.

[@mattdonahue9516]

You couldn't be more dead on with this! You're right, without the luminaries of the scientific revolution within the enlightenment we too, would be living like neanderthals.big up James Watt! Don't forget the great, great Michael Faraday!

[@rosabelgonzalez8021]

Amazing, thanks

[@GustavoSilva-ny8jc]

Amazing ep

[@eddon4108]

"Stan says I look like Steve Bannon." That one got me!

[@rekhakumari-hf1jn]

Very good explanation 👌👍

[@CypherUK]

A correction to the video... James Watt was not an English inventor, but a Scottish inventor, having being born in Greenock in Scotland.

[@Silverm04]

As I start my new lesson on the Industrial Revolution, there couldn't be a better time!!!

[@DVRKSHVYVN]

Thank you for being my study guide in college in Western History

[@notallthatimportant6890]

I probably won't be the first or last person to say this but James Watt was Scottish not English. He actually came up with his improved steam engine in Glasgow actually in the building that I studied mechanical engineering in. I know European history is a big subject and Scotland is only a small part of it but his nationality is the first thing in his Wikipedia page.

[@frakow49]

I'm so dumb that everytime I hear about "steam" I just think about the game program, not about the steam engine😂

[@user-uu3ld5in2m]

Great video

[@Wineclaw]

8:01 The more things change, the more they stay the same

[@jayjayokocha8196]

Well that time was the "birth" of capitalism.

[@agentjohn4313]

7:28 I was eating... THANK YOU JHON!! XD

[@nFrostE]

Lol

[@MrNoobprawn]

Watt was Scottish not English 😬

[@emilyrupczewski7446]

10:36 the birds (burgs) work for the bourgeoisie

[@LetsTakeWalk]

Ah, now everything is getting some STEAM.

[@gatb4387]

You idiot, I love you.

[@eloisecarcini1280]

Love the pun!You seem like an awesome person already!It takes creativity for this!I already like you!

[@nisbetbryce4240]

"English inventor James Watt"?!?!!! Watt was Scottish, not English.

[@Madhattersinjeans]

Typical foreigner slip of the tongue, referring to all people from the United kingdom as English no doubt. At least he didn't call football "soccer" i'll give him that one.

[@finnersmcspeed5646]

It is a great shame, the fact that they didnt iron out the falsehood of that statement makes you wonder how factually correct this video is.

[@darkrai6543]

@@finnersmcspeed5646 Or maybe it was an honest mistake and nitpicking something doesn't usually mean the whole work is valueless.

[@maxmullen6337]

Mad Hatters in jeans. Soccer is the correct name given to it by its English inventors. When I was not that young we often called it soccer. The name has gone out of fashion now, just as free speech and democracy has. Although free speech etc hasn’t actually “gone out of fashion”, it’s more like - banned.

[@maxmullen6337]

Nisbet Bryce. More to the point, James watt wasn’t actually an inventor. He didn’t invent the steam engine and he only became famous through his association with Matthew Boulton the Englishman. He improved on Newcomen’s original design of some 50 or 60 years earlier. He and Boulton are also famous for slowing development of steam power by a series of patents. The steam locomotive was invented by others.

[@tsb7045]

I hope John's alright today lol. He was so much more charismatic in his videos from 2011... .. He looks just about ready to retire today 😂 We love you regardless John!

[@ashlynchin5984]

THIS IS THE BEST TIMING MY TEST IS ON THURSDAY!

[@tomlinlasalle]

ugh were so far into the series and i really dont want it to end!

[@andersonbeaverhausen3856]

Most don’t know but, having tons of polos is one of the biggest midwestern flexes there is.

[@beth8775]

😆 Maybe that's why I dislike them so much

[@meehleibfamily3070]

Please keep doing Crash Course. Please please please

[@prenticedarlington2720]

The thought bubble graphics are fantastic!

[@unclekeza6439]

POV:You have a History exam tomorrow 😭😭 but didn't study

[@armanke13]

I'm bingeing this series playlist.. now it's ending.. WHAT SHOULD I DO NOW? 😅 waiting next week.. Thanks Crash Course and Jaden Smith

[@KilgoreTroutAsf]

"The first machines were made out of people" -David Graeber

[@KaranSingh-or7yy]

*Make a video about upcoming industrial revolution 4.0*

[@michellej1372]

There were quite a few important inventions from Scotland during this time. I wonder if they’ll mention any Scottish inventors... John: ‘...English inventor James Watt....’ *sigh*

[@TheAustralianMapper5378]

You never call a Scottish person English.

[@LichsuhoathinhDrabattle]

This Channel is an oasis in the desert of KZbin content for history lovers💥💥🎞

[@sheriffpenguin5666]

got this video for my history homework during quarantine.

[@bgclo]

10:49 I think you mean "Huge... tracts of land!"

[@natalieolofssonno25]

My industrial rev test is tomorrow... This is great timing :)

[@Ken-lv8ej]

You can go and play Vicky 2 if you're looking for a (not) accurate telling of the industrial revolution as well.

[@AwesomeIAm15]

Or if you need a guide on how to crash the 19th century world market through buying up the world’s entire supply of goods

[@Madhattersinjeans]

Oh man vicky 2, such a unique game to play. Fair warning to people the UI is god awful to use, but the game does have some interesting things going for it. I spent ages learning how population changes when you acquire different goods and such and as a result they would change how they voted politically. Interesting spin on the otherwise standard strategy about painting the world map 1 colour.

[@JinJinDoe]

Love European history CC. Keep it up!

[@izscott264]

My history teacher has us watch your videos Have a nice day

[@JordanAmit]

really good sense of humour this season

[@bigjoe1260]

0:16 Why are Canada and Greenland connected It hurts my eyes

[@Ullmannite]

The polar caps were much larger back then and the artic hardly explored, so they couldnt really tell if there was a landmass beneath the ice sheat or not. But you are right, it is really weird to look at. But so is the rest of the, for example look at Scandinavia or all of Europe

[@Ngamotu83]

I suspect when that map was made humans had not yet fully explored everything in the Arctic circle, so they just assumed Canada and Greenland were connected.

[@billboyd2009]

Because the map outside of the USA does not matter.

[@CanuckMonkey13]

I would guess that @Zirconium is mostly right here--looking at the entire area north of Canada it looks like anything frozen over was mapped as being land. No sign of Baffin Island, for example, and there isn't any north coastline to speak of.

[@aussietom85]

Solidarity comrades!

[@yoannfleytoux5917]

Workers of the world, unite !

[@prescottmajette5290]

That opening monologue was phenomenal.

[@prescottmajette5290]

And the Steve Bannon joke. Great episode!

[@SirAmicVarze]

Good to hear that nothing has changed in Manchester.

[@maximilianomadrigal6661]

john: imagine if you woke up in 2120. Climate change: Hold my beer.

[@XSpImmaLion]

It's very important to note that we still didn't move much past the industrial revolution era with all it's problems and conditions - we just outsourced it. The weird hugely unequal situation the world lives in today. There are still people living like neanderthals in several parts of the world, we still have factory floors that look right out of the industrial revolution era in poor countries, but then we have small pockets in the world that seems to be living in some sci-fi utopia. We always hear about, sometimes thought ourselves, about these scenarios where we take modern technology back to the middle ages or some other past period in human history and see the reaction of people seeing these magical devices doing their thing. Actually, you could do that today, without time travel. You just have to go to the right places, where people are still living like it was the middle ages. The fact that you are watching this video at all means you are part of a bit over half the world's population that some form of access to the Internet at all. That it's fast enough to watch a video on KZbin, it fractions that percentage by a whole lot. If you are watching it on a desktop computer PC screen, you are in the less than 25% threshold (the majority only has access through a smartphone). If it's yours, paid for, then the number goes even lower. The inequality gap is just so huge that it's almost impossible to fully comprehend. And it's not only about money, it's, for instance, about having actual access to quality education content like this video, at all, and having time to watch it. We often end up mistakenly believing some stuff out of repetition. For instance, you probably heard that everyone has a smartphone these days. We take it for granted. But actually, despite the smartphone having a growth and explosive spread that is unparalleled in comparison to almost any other modern technology... a bit over 40% of the world still don't have one. And if you add that to the percentage of people who are still using dumbphones, it goes even higher. We evolved fast and a lot during the past century or so, but it happened in an extremely uneven way that seems to only be getting more exacerbated over time, unfortunately...

[@tareiknetro315]

Please, make something about accounting

[@amaliagomez8766]

OMG this quarantine homeworks, im just watching this because an history homework

[@thamizhanraj]

nice .

[@armanke13]

Great arts selections! Can I find the references to those?

[@jobanh7ify]

I miss “You from the Past” but at this point he graduated already... 15:15 man Thought Bubble went to dark on this episode...

[@harrydowning8278]

best intro ever

[@justgaminridin599]

John my guy, in my school (I’m in 10th grade) we all literally love you. So John northwesterns asking you, please make and recreate the mongal tash. Like make the old background and zoom in on your chair. Just once. Thank ya.

[@Liquessen]

Regarding spies at this time, in Sweden we have a silk museum where one story is that a guy stole and smuggled a weaving machine out of France and that's how silk manufacture came to Sweden.

[@Jay_Johnson]

Usually it's called the English Civil War not Revolution, the Glorious Revolution would have been a better example of an *English* Revolution and only 30-40 years later.

[@juniorberns]

Nice

[@alexixeno4223]

In fact, steam power is so important, we are still using it

[@Ngamotu83]

Careful with describing the Luddites there. They weren't so much opposed to technology, but rather to technology replacing people. Essentially they rioted against job automation.

[@FroehligGirlz]

Count me a luddite. Handcrafted, non-plastic Halloween costumes and Christmas (or holiday of your choice) ornaments win. Buy local, folks!

[@drakinis1556]

Wish I had this class 3 years ago when I took ap euro

[@CattyLoony]

JOHN. I JUST FINISHED THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION UNIT! GAH!

[@johnbartholf777]

John dressed as my hero Steve Bannon. A dream come true!

[@ajinkyamehta6417]

Hay crash course which software did you use to edit the video