Definitive Guide to Skew-Ts and Hodographs - Part 3b - Calculating Parameters from a Skew-T (cont.)

[@RealDarthVader1980]

This actually makes more sense than any other video I’ve watched, but it’s definitely still complexed to learn lolz.

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you...soundings are really complex things; it does take some practice to really know their ins and outs.

[@niktita-7]

What an amazing description. Bunch of thanks to you. No uni professor could explain that the way u did

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you so much!

[@pygeekrfoo820]

I am an OU alum (BS Met) from years ago. I ventured into software engineering instead as a career but recently have been getting back into forecasting as a hobby. These videos have been amazing for relearning some of those long forgotten concepts. Great job man!

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

That’s awesome to hear; thank you so much!

[@f8PixelMagic]

A real Master Class here! Thanks for the clear explanations and logical development of concepts.⛈

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you so much!

[@ClergetMusic]

I am greatly enjoying this educational series. I took a lot of geography classes in college as my science electives and we discussed some meteorology and remote sensing techniques. I like this kind of stuff a lot. I have a Master's Degree (MM) in Music Education, so I'm a music teacher by profession, but being from Indiana and having lived through several tornadoes, one of which was an EF5 that passed about 150 yards from my front door, I am very interested in severe weather and tornadoes especially. Thank you for all you do, and I appreciate your academic approach.

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you so much! I’m happy to hear you’re enjoying the series!

[@TallyTechandTroubleshooting]

Whew! Had to go over this one a couple times for the "Equivalent" and "Potential " data. Great educational information! On to the next chapter! Thank you VERY much, again!! I have to get this information firmly rooted. Storm season around the corner here in the Tampa Bay area (SkyWarn Spotter). This series has been extraordinary!!

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thanks so much for the kind words! The equivalent and potential stuff can definitely be tricky at first, but once you get the hang of it, it becomes second nature. In the future, I plan on doing some individual videos on each of the different variables I've discussed in this series.

[@TallyTechandTroubleshooting]

@@ConvectiveChronicles Just went and purchased another binder for all this info, lol!! Also, just cranked open the old textbook (The Atmosphere- Lutgens/Tarbuck) for reinforcement. You got my brain chugging. Pretty soon I am going to need Uber to deliver as I will be glued to this stinking laptop!! You have one of the best channels on KZbin. Thank you VERY much for providing top-notch content on your channel!!!

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

@@TallyTechandTroubleshooting Thank you so much...Lutgens/Tarbuck is a classic!

[@Rationalmethod995]

This video series is fantastic! You have helped me understand several concepts I have never been able to grasp in the past. Thank you!

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you! So glad to hear the videos have been helpful!

[@unrealengine5-storm713]

This series is chalk full of knowledge. Really nice stuff

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you!

[@-KingOfKhaos]

It’s been years since my Met classes and these are by far better than anything we got back then! Not sure why University professors didn’t do it like this as it would have made a whole lot more sense 😅

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you so much! I really appreciate that!

[@masterbeater832]

these videos are awesome man! the only thing that i've honestly been confused on is how mixing ratio and temperature are correlated. mixing ratio is shown in grams while temperature is shown in degrees celsius, could somebody explain that conversion rate?

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you! So mixing ratio isn’t necessarily directly related to temperature. It’s the mass of water vapor per kilogram of dry air, so it’s a moisture variable, akin to dew point. There isn’t a conversion rate between mixing ratio (g/kg) and temperature (deg C) since they’re measuring two different things.

[@masterbeater832]

​@@ConvectiveChronicles ah i see. however i find myself getting kind of confused when we are finding things like the ccl, where we follow the mixing ratio for one line and we find when it intersects the env temperature for the other. does that not imply that there is some sort of relation between the two?

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

@@masterbeater832 In that sense, there is some relation...if you have enough moisture at a certain temperature, you'll see condensation. But the two variables are not interchangeable, as in you can't go back and forth between mixing ratio and temperature, as they're measuring two different things.

[@olbailey8606]

These are so good. Incredibly informative

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you!

[@steve_lehr]

Nicely done, Trey. I'm a flight instructor and former USAF meteorologist. You would be shocked at how few flight instructors know the basics of atmospheric stability. I think all instructors should be taught how to plot a skew-T from raw data and calculate all the legacy stability indices (LI, KI, SSI, etc) as well as the classic levels (CCL, LCL, LFC, EL). You can only be effective at teaching any subject if you understand it to a level greater than that you're teaching to. (For example, if you want to teach algebra, you need to learn calculus.) I will recommend your video series to my CFI colleagues.

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you so much, Steve! I really appreciate that!

[@aaronjones1469]

Awesome👍🙂 video. Really good job in explaining on how to calculate parameters from a skew-t.

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thank you!

[@aaronjones1469]

@@ConvectiveChronicles Your welcome.

[@gl3618]

Of course where i am at in FL the nearest stations that do soundings are Jax, Tampa, Atlanta, and Louisiana...great. none really close as there is a large gap in the big bend area of FL...

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Yeah, I wish every NWS office would give us balloon data. Too many big gaps out there, including NW FL.

[@steve_lehr]

Minor correction at 5:44, you meant to say "mixing ratio line."

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Yes, thank you

[@szymonzemela1338]

does EL impact hail growth because the higher the top of the storm is the colder it is so larger hail stones?

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

The EL impacts hail growth because deeper storms allow hailstones to more easily reach into and spend longer times in the hail growth zone. Deeper storms can yield much larger hail.

[@LegitChristian]

Excellent stuff ! So Equivalent temp in severe weather is finding out how close the moist and dry adiabats are?

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Thanks! Not exactly...the equivalent temperature is the temperature that air would have if all the water were condensed out of the parcel and then it was brought back to its original pressure level. Condensation produced latent heat, which raises the temperature of the air parcel. It's just another measure of how much moisture is in a parcel, and it's not used too often in its raw form.

[@LegitChristian]

I guess one question I have in reading Skew T is under a normal regime of decreasing temperatures with height, the violent and jagged deviations in dew points either exhibiting more less dryness with height. What is happening there? As in instability.

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

It's hard to say and differs on a case to case basis. There is no one "perfect" temperature or dew point profile; there will always be little deviations in each profile. If you see a very pronounced layer of decreasing dew point with height, that is a layer of drier air. In many cases, that will coincide with a layer of warm air and steep lapse rates (sharp decrease in temperature with height). Warmer air aloft often yields a stronger capping inversion, prohibiting storms from developing perhaps altogether. Often, it takes a deep dive into the environment to see why these deviations in the profile occur; sometimes they have ample impact on instability and sometimes they don't. Hope this made at least a little bit of sense!

[@LegitChristian]

@@ConvectiveChronicles Thank you This really helps!

[@peachxtaehyung]

Also I was wondering could you list me the things in the skew t that are important when forecasting severe weather please? Or at least MOST important to it? So I know what to REALLY study? Cuz I just am trying to learn for my own interest and knowing how bad conditions are etc if that makes sense!

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

Stay tuned for Part 4 (two videos from now)...I'll go over some real-world applications that should answer these questions!

[@peachxtaehyung]

@@ConvectiveChronicles ok awesome thank you!

[@partlycloudy7707]

Why is the virtual temp given in Kelvin?

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

That’s just the standard

[@Mad4Wx]

How does ThetaE and W Correlate

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

In basic terms, the higher w is, the greater theta-e will be. We can prove this mathematically by the fact that theta-e is based off of equivalent temperature (Te), which is calculated through the equation Te = T + [w*(Lv/cp)] where T is air temperature, w is mixing ratio, and Lv/cp is a term that factors in latent heat release via condensation. As you can see, if you increase w, Te will increase, and in turn, so does theta-e.

[@peachxtaehyung]

Im really starting to see why you need to be really good at math to be a meteorologist 🤣🤣 I'll probably never be able to do the virtual temperature one lol I am not good at math especially division

[@ConvectiveChronicles]

That's the nice thing about skew-Ts, they don't involve direct math. The techniques I've covered in these videos help us estimate the values, even though they do have actual equations associated with them. Luckily, with the virtual temperature one, the SPC soundings usually do the math for you!