This one has bad audio, please watch the revised and updated version of this video here: kzbin.info/aero/PLyu4Fovbph6d9PJ25kXjmEDSAXQp76Mpl WHOOPS LIST! 1) Be sure to plug your ears at @24:49 for the bad audio super-nova 2) I made a bungle in speaking. Neither nickel-58 nor nickel-62 are radioactive. Nickel-58 actually makes up 68% of nickel.
@terapode4 жыл бұрын
I couldn´t have enjoyed more a video like this.
@IVORY1231005 жыл бұрын
Wow .. When I really want to know how dumb I am .. I watch videos like this . It is amazing what smart men and women have discovered throughout the years .. My father was one of these super intelligent types that tried to get me interested and curious throughout the years .. Even in his last week of life .. He loved to study and talk about quantum physics .. He passed at 87 with an alive mind
@thetobi5832 жыл бұрын
It takes a special kind of mind to pour ones life into research and discoveries of this calibur. Hell, my dad made the first Bradley and MLRS fighting vehicles for the armed forces, and here I sit a humble diesel mechanic. We can't all fill the massive shoes left for us by our fathers. Don't beat yourself up too much. You're probably smarter than most folks you know!
@sirtomasinofwinchester33822 жыл бұрын
The scary side to that is that there is a vast part of the population that is so undereducated that they deny most of this stuff.
@fabiocaetanofigueiredo1353 Жыл бұрын
You are much smarter than you think you are. You can do it, just need to start with the basics.
@skyrien5 жыл бұрын
Just discovered your entire series -- thank you for compiling such an excellent resource to take one from curious to somewhat informed :P
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
thanks!
@Littlewing6was95 жыл бұрын
Keep going, it's all good. Observe first then research what you see. If you get confused at times you're progressing, closer to the truth and a defining moment.
@ilanle3 ай бұрын
i love this lecture so much, i have listened to it more than 10 times and i understand it better and better every time
@projectjt31494 жыл бұрын
22:40 “You’d be dead!” 😂😂 dont know why I found the way you said that really funny
@JasonKendallAstronomer4 жыл бұрын
I’m pretty sure I imitated a movie line.... can you figure out which one?
@Erik-rp1hi4 жыл бұрын
Wow, the NRC graph on how Iron is the boundary between fusion and fission is a no brainer to me now that I see the graph. Very cool. Iron has the tightest bonds. I've know for years that Stars could not fuse elements larger than Fe but now I know in the gut why.
@mrx423 жыл бұрын
Another great lecture which deserves its place at University ! Thanks for sharing this piece of pedagogical art. Cheers,
@JasonKendallAstronomer3 жыл бұрын
Many thanks!
@corazoncubano53725 жыл бұрын
This is an understandable and comprehensive lecture on what it takes for a star to supernova. I'm looking forward to the rest of the series.
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
you can see the entire stack of videos here: www.jasonkendall.com/WPU/AstronomyLectures/fullcourse.shtml. This will take you in the correct order.
@ace__70632 жыл бұрын
I've just found your channel absaloutly tremendous totally under rated
@Carusus15 жыл бұрын
Absolutely spellbinding. Thank you!
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
thanks!
@basfinnis3 жыл бұрын
Amazing stuff. Great explanation of what goes on.
@tradtke1012 жыл бұрын
I don't know why, but your approach to teaching this clicks for me so much better than many other channels, even ones with far flashier presentation or sexier narrators. (Come on, everyone loves the buttery smooth voice of some random British bloke with no real physics training or education degree.) It's just arranged in a way and presented with aids that works for my brain. Wish I had access to this 20 years ago... Might have chosen a very different life path if I knew I could actually retain this stuff.
@Jonasdad88404 жыл бұрын
I absolutely loved your content.....had i been born in the US or any European countries, I definitely would have been an astronomer.....I live vicariously through you and absolutely loved every minute of it....
@JasonKendallAstronomer4 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@klaasdeboer81066 ай бұрын
I love your video's and I love to watch the night sky on a dark spot, the reason that I love your vidoes is that you involve enough physics to keep me interested, without getting too complicated for my background knowledge from school.
@EtcEtcAndEtc4 жыл бұрын
24.55 RIP headphone users
@ollieolliver26937 ай бұрын
Boost
@Nutty...7 ай бұрын
24:49
@azizk3393 ай бұрын
It was even worse than I expected, knowing full well what was coming 😣
@marcuspradas10373 жыл бұрын
Another excellent lecture.
@kalles87895 жыл бұрын
Cool videos. Really informative. 99% of the supernova energy is packed into neutrinos? Well, it's a quite effective way to get rid of all the energy of the star's core. It is fascinating that these dramatic processes in nature are almost undetectable and unvisible. All the light drom the supernova is just a small shadow compared to the almost unvisible neutrino outburst.
@CusterFlux5 жыл бұрын
Great Vid ( but be sure to plug your ears at @24:49 - bit of an audio super-nova )
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
whoops. sorry about that....
@saxoman14 жыл бұрын
You just got another subscriber. AWESOME video! (Except for "iron 56 is the most common element in the universe", that triggered me lol (read further down you corrected it)). You just clarified so many things that other sources refuse to go in depth on, like WHY exactly Iron is so detrimental to a star's support. This is the first time fusion vs fission was explained this way and its just so awesome to understand it like this now. Thank you!
@JasonKendallAstronomer4 жыл бұрын
Yeah. I cringe when I hear myself make that mistake. All with the one takes....
@tomlavelle8340 Жыл бұрын
The thorough explanation of a cosmic catastrophe.
@davidgriffiths76964 жыл бұрын
An impressive, detailed description of nuclear processes. Depending on how much use is to be made of it, apart from casual browsing, I think it would benefit from a little boiling down and tidying up. It sounds like a spontaneous illustrated talk and although it does a great job of enthusiastically imparting a lot of interesting information there is a fair bit of rapid fire repetition that had me clicking on the advance 10 s button. The wealth of content might be communicated a little more effectively with fewer words. All the same I found myself learning new things and understanding previously learned aspects of supernova more clearly than before, and have heard few utube presentations like it.
@edmoon3605 жыл бұрын
This is an excellent lecture - many thanks!
@NoOne-bm1vy5 жыл бұрын
Excellent, keep bringing these insights!
@ipomoea_batata99062 жыл бұрын
Thanks for sharing ... just found your lecture after reading Oppenheimer & Snyder, your lecture helped appreciate the context ... (That was: On Continued Gravitational Contraction, J. R. Oppenheimer and H. Snyder - Phys. Rev. 56, 455 - Published 1 September 1939)
@JasonKendallAstronomer2 жыл бұрын
Glad to hear it. This is what I hoped to hear.
@innertubez4 жыл бұрын
Thanks for another entertaining and instructive video!
@ArbitraryConstant2 жыл бұрын
one minor thing, fission reactors don't decay Uranium down to Lead, fission typically results in two smaller nuclei in the 80-150 range.
@JasonKendallAstronomer7 ай бұрын
Thanks for this! I'll incorporate it into a later edition...
@patrickschmeer67135 жыл бұрын
Great lecture! However, I would like to comment on two nickel isotopes mentioned at 11:01: Both nickel-58 and nickel-62 are actually stable. More precisely, nickel-58 is observationally stable ("believed to decay by β+β+ to iron-58 with a half-life over 7×10^20 years"). From: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_nickel
@patrickschmeer67135 жыл бұрын
Another link ("Isotopes of the Element Nickel"): education.jlab.org/itselemental/iso028.html
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
thanks for the correction!
@wayne9287 Жыл бұрын
When I was young I hated doing presentation in front of my classroom and I was collapsing even in harder than a supernova!
@arunkumarkarna21036 жыл бұрын
Wonderful lecture. Thank you!
@AlaskanBallistics4 жыл бұрын
Think I have watched this 4 times
@homebrew010homebrew35 жыл бұрын
Can you explain "iron 56 is the most common element in the universe" ? (@ About 11:30) I thought hydrogen, then helium were most common.
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
Yeah, I’m talking fast with one take. You are correct. H then He. Then... O, C, Ne, N, Si, Fe, Mg, S. Iron is #8
@Bertemus604 жыл бұрын
I took the statement to mean the most abundant heavy element produced by nucleosynthesis...much\most of the H & He predate stars...I guess I don't think of O, C, N & even Si as "heavy" elements...I suppose it matters what you are comparing them to
@CalvinLXVII Жыл бұрын
Excelente vídeo. Perfectamente explicado y detallado. Gracias por esta clase magistral. Saludos! 😉
@patrickschmeer67135 жыл бұрын
30:00: The bright comet at the bottom of the picture is C/2006 P1 (McNaught), also known as the Great Comet of 2007. Links: apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap070330.html and en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C/2006_P1
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
Thanks again!
@bkfishing5650 Жыл бұрын
I love these
@simranjoharle42204 жыл бұрын
thank you so much Sir.....this video was one of the best lectures I have ever seen.
@JasonKendallAstronomer3 жыл бұрын
So nice of you
@MrBrightlight665 жыл бұрын
what an interesting presentation. Very informative but easy to follow for non-experts like me.
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
Thanks. I'll likely need to do some more on this one, because a few people have contacted me about the nature of nuclear fusion physics.
@MrBrightlight665 жыл бұрын
@@JasonKendallAstronomer I only discovered your lectures very recently and have been following some of them. Found them immensely informative with enough detail to keep non experts like me interested but not bogged down by heavy maths. Amongs the best introductory astronomy I have so far come across on the web.
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
I do appreciate that!
@KF14 жыл бұрын
Excellent presentation. I have a question: given the intensity of the big bang, why only hydrogen and helium? Why not more other stuff, like a supernova?
@JasonKendallAstronomer4 жыл бұрын
Watch my Module 14 group on the Big Bang and Cosmology. You'll see why. kzbin.info/www/bejne/pGPMiat_frOrfZo
@basheerkalbouneh44973 жыл бұрын
Thank you, it is clear.
@williamworthy40913 жыл бұрын
Excellent helpful video
@JasonKendallAstronomer3 жыл бұрын
Glad you think so!
@ronaldgarrison84783 ай бұрын
As best I can determine, the only elements heavier than iron that are involved in life are: cobalt, copper, zinc, selenium, molybdenum, and iodine. Most of these are in tiny quantities, raising the question of whether life truly requires them, or if they're more of a matter of convenience, with functions that could be provided by something else. Cobalt, the linchpin of vitamin B12, is one of those with very tiny quantities, but it seems to be ubiquitous throughout the biosphere. But I think it's natural to wonder if life could occur with no supernova to seed the environment with heavy elements.
@abcde_fz4 жыл бұрын
At 11:32 I think you misspoke. You said Iron 56 is the most common element in the universe. Not even close, unless you mean maybe by weight? Or you misspoke, or I heard you wrong. Which is possible, I've got one ear less sensitive than the other, so I sometimes hear things wrong.
@JasonKendallAstronomer4 жыл бұрын
Yes I misspoke. I need to do an addendum video.
@ungmd212 жыл бұрын
I was team physician for the Pittsburgh Pirates when you tore your ankle up.
@JasonKendallAstronomer2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your care. The transition to academia was hard
@ungmd212 жыл бұрын
@@JasonKendallAstronomer FYI I am an amateur astronomer and enjoy your posts. Question: any thought on the origin of supermassive black holes at the centers of most spiral galaxies?
@thomasgade22611 ай бұрын
Update: some of elements heavier than iron is now believed to come from neutron star mergers like GW870817
@JasonKendallAstronomer7 ай бұрын
Thanks for this. I'll do a revision soon!
@DrGooseDuckman Жыл бұрын
Just woke up to this, and was wondering when Adam Savage started doing physics lectures...
@innertubez4 жыл бұрын
Why the drop from Helium-4 to Lithium-6 and -7?
@NullHand6 ай бұрын
The weird one out is actually He4. This nucleus is unusually stable and so pokes out above the curve. The "why" is hidden somewhere deep in the ugly-math of Quantum Chromodynamics, but there has been an empirical observation for a while that some nuclei have "magic numbers" of neutrons and protons that give them unusual stability. He4 is "doubly magic", as both it's neutron count and proton count rolled the magic snake-eyes.
@AmeliusDex5 ай бұрын
Do you have any material of things such as pair instability supernovae, or is there anything like that in the works? Amazing video, it's difficult to find a video as comprehensive as this so thank you for uploading this.
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 ай бұрын
I’m currently working on exactly one of those videos. Thanks for asking. Please subscribe and watch for it coming.
@aleksandarrudic36944 жыл бұрын
10^48 Joules for the neutrino burst energy output - may be an order of magnitude (or a few) too high? if correct, that would be something like 6 times total mass-energy of the Sun. In terms of luminosity, it's not just outshining the galaxy, but compares to the entire observable Universe.
@baladi9216 ай бұрын
I absolutely 💙 Cosmology.
@johnsheehan51094 жыл бұрын
Thanks for a wonderful video. I realize that the confirmation for this is more recent than the video, but the heaviest of elements are made from the merger of neutron stars, not super novae.
@JasonKendallAstronomer4 жыл бұрын
Yes, I just talk faster than a bear of little brain should, I should think
@hsharma3933 Жыл бұрын
I’m guessing the iron core star has a rotation with a significant angular velocity. So can we expect that it would have an extremely strong magnetic field?
@damanigrey81235 жыл бұрын
Thanks for these vids. Great information
@DavidvanDeijk9 ай бұрын
Hi professor, a question about the core bounce: when the core contracts that fast is its angular momentum preserved, meaning a really fast spinning core before it bounces back?
@JasonKendallAstronomer9 ай бұрын
That's very correct! That's why neutron stars spin so fast. I'm sure you've watched this: kzbin.info/www/bejne/hnrKnZ-uf66VjZo. But I leave it here just in case...
@mysticcity312 Жыл бұрын
What is the mass of our own star and what is the name of it's state?
@AB-db1pz Жыл бұрын
Great series, but why is the first 15 sec always so loud!
@amedeofilippi63365 жыл бұрын
Outstanding description of a supernova explosion.Just one question: any assumptions in the whole sequence that leads to the final state ( BH or neutron star, I believe ). No chance that the conservation of initial angular momentum could stop the continuous shrinking due to sort of balance between centrifugal force and gravity before reaching those two possible final states?
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
Thanks! Likely not. Remember that black holes are described by only three things: mass, rotational spin and electric charge. The last one is not known to matter at all in reality. The first is very important. But the second is also important and has been tested in the weak regime, with the Gravity Probe B experiment, modeling gravitational waves, and modeling the image seen by the Event Horizon Telescope. It doesn’t stop the collapse.
@sherrillsmith83804 жыл бұрын
Hi, Jason. I wanted to sign on to your website to watch your videos in order. However, your site is listed by Microsoft 10 as being "Not Secure", so I will just continue to enjoy your KZbin Channel. I have read that this situation maybe propagated by large software security companies to push their products. It is hard very challenging to justify taking the risk when there has been so much foreign interference now though perfectly innocent sites. I am sorry, yet appreciate your generosity in using the YT platform for sharing your experience and this fascinating information with us!
@JasonKendallAstronomer4 жыл бұрын
Sherill, your trepidation is justified. I guess the era of owning and maintaining your own website is over. I'll have to look at alternatives for distributing my static content. In the meantime, to show I'm not a "bad actor", you can always look me up on my William Paterson University website. In fact, I may move the summary content there. Furthermore, I did notice a steep, rapid decline in viewers recently. Perhaps people wanted to learn, but found what you found. I'll look into it. Likely, though, I'll be forced to use a more standard web hosting provider, that costs more, and gives me less....
@lohphat4 жыл бұрын
Given photon wandering taking a long time for fusion-created light to make it out of the core, once the heavier stages of burning start, is there any outward signs the burning mode has changed?
@h8GW2 жыл бұрын
Imagine matter being so dense that it stops _neutrinos._ Insane.
@JasonKendallAstronomer2 жыл бұрын
Yeah, and the stopping distance is quite short, on the order of tens to hundreds of miles (size scale of the iron core)
@aaronsmith80732 жыл бұрын
Well done! Didn't they find a neutron star remanent at the epicenter of the explosion recently?
@JasonKendallAstronomer2 жыл бұрын
Which one?
@aaronsmith80732 жыл бұрын
@@JasonKendallAstronomer I know the progenitor of SN 1987 A was Sanduleak -69 202. I think it was a recent discovery after the glow dimmed down.
@JasonKendallAstronomer7 ай бұрын
Thanks for the note!
@robertethanbowman7 ай бұрын
When they say that a neutrino will need a light year length of lead for it to have an even chance of getting absorbed.. does that apply to these high energy neutrinos?
@lohphat4 жыл бұрын
11:00 58Ni and 62Ni are listed as stable. Did you mean Fe? en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_nickel
@JasonKendallAstronomer4 жыл бұрын
Yes. I really should redo this one to get rid of slips of the tongue.
@LordPhobos65025 жыл бұрын
I was under the impression that past a certain pressure & temperature, iron/nickel would fuse into zinc, but at the cost of absorbing energy, thus accelerating the core collapse? Is this correct, or only for a certain mass range?
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
Zinc is definitely on the "bad side" of the Iron Mountain. Anything with an atomic mass greater than Fe/Ni will consume energy to be produced, and thus hasten the collapse.
@joeavila15454 жыл бұрын
Nature's fireworks and life giving event
@Puzzoozoo Жыл бұрын
All this is probably going on inside Betelgeuse now.
@PaulHigginbothamSr4 жыл бұрын
what I would like to see is a graph showing the star's mass as it drops from the hydrogen envelope down to the iron core. As a percentage graph. I would think the lowest hydrogen compaction level would be a large part of the total mass of the star.
@homebrew010homebrew35 жыл бұрын
How do the odd numbered elements get created ?
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
There are many ways. Most common fusion and fission actions are... proton capture, alpha particle capture, beta decay and capture. There are many others, but these are the basics. Neutron capture, too. As they build in various paths, some are energetically favored than others, so the most common reactions and the “easiest” win the day.
@freddigglegmail3 жыл бұрын
at what temperature does the rms speed of the hot vibrating particles approach c?
@trevorvanbremen47182 жыл бұрын
Probably a 'silly' question here, but i think it would be even MORE silly not to ask... I've learned that fusion produces energy only up to the iron/nickel level (I think of this as being akin to exothermic as net energy is RELEASED). Beyond the iron/nickel boundary, it no longer releases energy (which I think of as being akin to endothermic). We're constantly told that it all just STOPS at the iron/nickel level, but surely there is SOME degree of heavier elements produced? (Even though their production is a net DRAIN on total energy, I cannot help but think that they are 'occasionally' still produced, even if the actual probability is fairly low... Assuming they ARE produced at all, what would be the realistic percentages involved for Cu and other heavier elements? Below 1%??? Below 0.0000000000001%???? Perhaps any such 'heavier' elements produced have a higher probability of becoming 'fission' fuel at the immense temperatures involved and they are therefore annihilated almost immediately???? It'd be interesting for me to know...
@JasonKendallAstronomer2 жыл бұрын
This is a really good question. The environment in the core of a collapsing star becomes so dense and saturated with high-energy photons and neutrinos, that all the heavy elements that do exist are, in fact, annihilated. However, the momentary explosion also does produce some heavy elements through rapid-neutron-capture processes. These then decay down to more stable isotopes of the same or other elements. That's what the major part of the glow from a supernova remnant actually is, the fission decay or nucleonic decay (radioactive decay) of elements. So, yes they are created, but not directly in the core, but in the shockwaves outside the core. The core is likely pure neutrons, or pure quarks, depending on mass and composition prior to the supernova event.
@trevorvanbremen47182 жыл бұрын
@@JasonKendallAstronomer Thanks HEAPS for the response... I have one further question (if you have the time...) Imagine we're a day / week / month BEFORE core collapse begins in our hypothetical high-mass star. i.e. There's still enough outward pressure to remain in equilibrium with the inward pressure of gravity since the final stage(s) of fusion are still ongoing. Is there ANY probability at these SIGNIFICANTLY lower temperatures / pressures to create ANY of the 'heavier than iron / nickel' elements?0 (While the 'average' temp / pressure throughout the core might be insufficient, I cannot help but think that there could be 'hot spots' within which the local conditions ARE sufficient to support such production? I accept that it's quite feasible that any such elements may well be annihilated at a faster rate than they're produced leading to an overall population that tends towards zero)
@amararyan41284 жыл бұрын
I think a temperature of 10bnK will correspond to around 1Mev rather than 10Mev. 10Mev would require around 100bnK perhaps... Does high density also play some role?
@Dragrath14 жыл бұрын
I cringe with some of those mistakes "Iron is the most common thing in the universe" Last I checked Hydrogen Helium Oxygen is way more Iron is in the top ten elements in our Universe but it isn't anywhere close to the most common. Also worth noting that Red giants can make small amounts of certain heavier elements via decay limited neutron capture chains and the really massive elements are now understood to come from far more exotic processes involving Neutron Stars. Either via Neutron Star collisions or the extremely rare destruction of a newly formed Neutron stars via "aborted" Supernovae called Collapsars. Normal Supernovae aren't extreme enough to get you Uranium since slow Neutron capture gets terminated at Bismuth. It is interesting to note there have apparently been several supernovae in our galaxy since Kepler saw SN1604 saw and SN1987A they were just invisible to use due to the intervening gas and dust (The "curse" of being inside our galaxy). Of course both were Type Ia supernovae resulting from white dwarf mergers and thus not core collapse so no Neutrinos would have been visible. The name separation between Type I and Type II supernovae based on hydrogen has the unfortunate consequence of separating the more massive classes of core collapse supernovae Type Ib and Type Ic from their less massive cousins since the reason they lack Hydrogen, or in the case of Type Ic Helium as well, is that their progenitor stars stellar winds were so strong they stripped away their Hydrogen and or Helium envelopes. These stars known as Wolf Raynet stars are a fascinating class of stars which depending on their mass and metallicity result in black holes or WNh are probably the most mind boggling of these as they are fully convective due to intense catalyzed nuclear reactions in their cores it is hard to fathom 100+ solar mass behemoths burning through nearly all of their hydrogen R136a1 being a crazy example with over 315 solar masses and having burned through 60% of its hydrogen. Of course it isn't even known if stars of that type even die in supernovae (as oppose to collapsing strait into a black hole) so I'm getting a bit off track. That said one of the more interesting discoveries from the combination of the geological records of the Earth and the Moon is that over the the interval of 20-2 million years The Earth had some close encounters with a number of nearby Supernovae the last of which exploded about 2 and a half million years ago a little over 400 light years away. Evidence comes in the form of short lived isotopes such as Iron 60 buried within sediments deposited around this time as well as our solar systems position within a large "local bubble" formed by the expanding shock waves of these supernovae and filled with under dense gas and dust radiating in X-Ray light. Currently our solar system is near the edge of this region and will "soon" leave the supernovae remnant but it seems we missed quite a light show. Of course there is some, still somewhat controversial but growing, evidence that suggests these supernovae probably played a role in altering climatic conditions on Earth. The most well supported of these effects currently is probably the deposition of energy into the Earth's atmosphere which at the distance suggested by tracking back trajectories it can be determined would be concentrated in the upper troposphere driving increased lightning frequency by lowering the critical threshold for storms to generate lightning strikes. This meshes well with evidence from the fossil record suggesting that over the last 20 million years fire frequency increased driving more fire based ecology in particular the rapid diversification of grasses and the establishment of the Earth's first grasslands. Yes Grass and thus grassland environments haven't existed until about 20 Ma with modern grasses only evolving about 30 million years ago and only becoming a significant component to Earth's flora in the last 20 million years prior to that you just had various types of forest environments. This change which seems to have been very important in our own evolution fits neatly with our close approach to a massive star forming region as our solar system passed through the local arm segment of our galaxy.
@JasonKendallAstronomer4 жыл бұрын
Yeah, I do need to do an edit of that video. I do these long one-offs. Now that they are getting a lot of attention, I need to revisit a couple of them.
@TopLobster99754 жыл бұрын
@@JasonKendallAstronomer not to be a negative Nancy, but I noticed you called Sn "Scandium" when it is Tin. Just food for thought =]
@tradtke101 Жыл бұрын
It never occurred to me to ask before... But does nuclear FISSION ever happen in a star? Just thinking that you've got these heavier elements later in stellar life under crazy pressure/heat, all kinds of particles flying around... Seems like it could happen? And I mean in a broad sense it's just like a symmetric process to fusion. I understand the basics of fission and realize you want less stable fuel, but it's also more favorable conditions energy -wise than on Earth's surface. If not, why? Is it a fuel thing? A neutron thing? Is this a stupid question?
@hobonickel8408 ай бұрын
Can you please do a presentation on one of the most occulted subjects .. "micro novae"
@JasonKendallAstronomer8 ай бұрын
Sounds interesting!
@hobonickel8408 ай бұрын
@@JasonKendallAstronomer Thanks ...becomes more interesting "in light" of the fact it's been officially entered into the wiki as being discovered only in 2021 but there is much information of scholars and professionals sending in research regarding the subject going back years. Of course they were met with great resistance and imho solar cycles should scale like everything else. I have become extremely fascinated with the spotlight of influence vs the occultations of science knowledge and this subject of solar micro bursts or the solar micro novae has been a fun one. You also have mainstream influencers out their saying we don't have much info/data on the sun. Your content has been quite an eclipse to the contrary! Thank you!
@CatFish1076 ай бұрын
As a bit of intuitive analogy, 20 to 40 ms of delay as an audio effect is a really quick snapback, like two drummers, juuuuust slightly out of time.
@JasonKendallAstronomer6 ай бұрын
This is an older video, and I'm working on a complete re-recording. Thanks for the note!
@CatFish1076 ай бұрын
@@JasonKendallAstronomer I don't mind the old videos, and will happily listen to new ones. Thanks very much for the public outreach education. This kind of thing is true to the spirit of the original hopes for the internet.
@cryostratos53593 ай бұрын
What about direct urca process?
@tk423b3 жыл бұрын
What if you had 10000 SPF, could you survive
@xXxTeenSplayer Жыл бұрын
11:30 "Iron 56 is the most common element in the universe". I don't think that's correct. Most people would say hydrogen. Could you explain?
@JasonKendallAstronomer Жыл бұрын
Yeah, that was a verbal blooper of mine
@slickpbw3316 ай бұрын
pretty good discussion but there are some inaccuracies. fission reactors do not produce energy by converting U to Pb by radioactive decay. fission is not the same as radioactive decay, the physics of each are very different. Fe56 is not the most common element in the universe, not even close, H is the most common element in the universe by far, followed by He; this is corrected later in the presentation.
@JasonKendallAstronomer6 ай бұрын
Thanks for the corrections. I'm doing a full re-recording of this video in the coming week.
@drinkxyz4 жыл бұрын
Neither nickel-58 nor nickel-62 are radioactive. Nickel-58 actually makes up 68% of nickel.
@HarlowBAshur5 жыл бұрын
What about heavy elements produced in binary neutron star mergers?
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
I cover that lightly in my Gravitational Wave and Gamma Ray Burst sections. They are, of course, significant contributors, so I'll eventually have to make an addendum video. I'm mostly covering the fiducial introductory concepts of fusion.
@JasonKendallAstronomer5 жыл бұрын
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernova_nucleosynthesis#/media/File:Nucleosynthesis_periodic_table.svg this shows typical expected sources as we currently know them.
@jimweisgram91852 жыл бұрын
2022 comment. It now appears the heavier elements are formed when 2 neutron stars collide.
@JasonKendallAstronomer2 жыл бұрын
Watch my videos about gravitational waves.
@JasonKendallAstronomer7 ай бұрын
And thanks, I'll update shortly...
@jussiheiskari8260 Жыл бұрын
This propably is here, but 10 000 000 kg is exactly 10 thousand tonnes, not hunreds thousands tonnes ( one ton is 1000 kg)
@JasonKendallAstronomer7 ай бұрын
Thanks for the note! I'll fix in an update...
@hueginvieny79593 жыл бұрын
Everything was amazing until you messed up the microphone just about blew out my speakers and made me crash other than that awesome stuff keep on keeping on
@JasonKendallAstronomer3 жыл бұрын
sorry about that. I may get around to re-uploading it, but I put a tag in the video to turn down volume...
@hueginvieny79593 жыл бұрын
@@JasonKendallAstronomer its perfect the way it is I learned so much I'm watching all of them thanks for the time you spent to make them
@jonash60707 ай бұрын
Hydrogen is the most common thing (element) in the universe. Iron 56 is only the most common isotope of iron in the universe. Supernovas outSHINE an entire galaxy, not outlast. Otherwise great video.
@JasonKendallAstronomer7 ай бұрын
Thanks for the note. I’ll update it when I do the remaster.
@jonash60707 ай бұрын
@@JasonKendallAstronomer I found your channel yesterday, and will spend many hours going through your videos. I love learning about the stars.
@jessfucket4 жыл бұрын
Why does eta carinae have blasts only on the poles and equator? A mag field strong enough to hold back an exploding star? www.pitt.edu/~cejones/GeoImages/0PlanetaryFormation/StarDeath/EtaCarinae.jpg