Cosmology Lecture 9

(March 11, 2013) Leonard Susskind presents the theory of cosmological inflation under which the early universe expanded exponentially before the Big Bang. This theory explains the lack of observed magnetic monopoles and the uniformity of the cosmic microwave background radiation.
Originally presented in the Stanford Continuing Studies Program.
Stanford University:
www.stanford.edu/
Stanford Continuing Studies Program:
csp.stanford.edu/
Stanford University Channel on KZbin:
/ stanford

[@DarkRahl69]

I am a freshman in community, currently taking introduction to physics. And I love these lectures, and I would just like to thank all in involved in the sharing of this knowledge.

[@thomasnicols9572]

Another excellent series of lectures by Professor Susskind!. Thank you so much!

[@DYoung2112]

Fascinating subject!!.Also nice camera and volume work(so we can hear the questions.Thx for posting.

[@RobeonMew]

Mike Ermantrout here is a very informative parking professor

[@scotty]

In a field I am what is missing I displace the field, but when I move I allow places to be filled. I move, to keep things whole.

[@SalvatoreIndelicato]

can you insert the subtitles in this lesson and in the previous lesson 5? Thank you and congratulations for this exceptional course in cosmology

[@DaMav]

Thank you -- these are great, and the production values have improved greatly -- better resolution, and the camera action; the content is of course first rate as always.

[@Jawok2010]

did I get it right that the radius of the event horizon depends on the "hubble thing" and not on the age of the universe?

[@peterpalumbo3644]

With regards to expansion beyond light sheets, if worm holes are created before then even if the light sheets go beyond observation or interaction with us we should still be able to access all of space and possibilities through the already established worm holes..

[@kenbeachjr]

So am I correct to surmise that the scalar field equation is always first before any other calculation so that the potential energy of the field can be added to the equation for balance?

[@xrisku]

Groucho Marx red shift comment was hysterical! :P

[@andrewpaul8732]

I read that it took ~10 seconds for the universe to cool enough to produce photons. Does this mean that there's a stretch on the putter most reaches of the universe that we can't see not because they're too far away but because they're beyond light? How big could the universe have gotten in those 10 seconds? I imagine quite large

[@juanvazquez7310]

Once the density of the field decreases, can buoyancy take over and reverse it course up the curve?

[@hjembrentkent6181]

The density of the field phi is today constant it doesnt decrease, the expantion of the universe provides the friction so it stays at the minimum

[@afifakimih8823]

great lecture...all of his lectures are great!!

[@sttraining7823]

Kook L Olokopll Love You lolllokioo look ooo O o oooollo L Lo I Opo

[@brendawilliams8062]

It works wonderful for engineers

[@magnus31415]

I would like to see the pictures he is talking about at 1:46:43

[@sunriseavefan98]

For the second one, just google "Cosmic web simulation". Not sure about the first picture, might be this one: www.newscientist.com/article/2218765-weve-had-our-best-glimpse-of-a-web-of-matter-that-spans-the-universe/

[@brendawilliams8062]

Enjoyable. Thx

[@nickkasvosve4729]

I wish the eminent Professor would repeat the students' questions

[@МалкинДмитрий-н1я]

Why this lectures has different continues in time?They are not fixed in time duration?

[@ami2evil]

Was Sol Rosenberg in this class?

[@joesammy4343]

This and 5. Dollars will by you a cup of coffee at this jucture

[@danielduarte5073]

Good information Great video

[@supersmash0990]

Is the 9 lectures enough

[@matthuckabey007]

I just cant get with this, as much as I want to, as hard as I try...

[@copacetic6440]

Man I'm all about these cosmology lectures and Leonard Susskind is the man but pushing hard & fast numbers around in early Universe theorem isn't what I'm interested in.

[@bugfixer63]

Does anybody have the pictures that L.Susskind sent to the students for this lecture? Thanks

[@BeyondWrittenWords]

Awsome performance in that age

[@arash4787]

This lecture was great!

[@ChispyReddit]

It gets very interesting after the 1:22:00 mark to 1:33:00

[@mysticcity312]

thank you

[@realcygnus]

awesomeness

[@classicCyber]

After reading the comments, i've came to the conclusion :The more stupide people get, the less they respect Knowledge

[@naimulhaq9626]

The relational world of Leibniz demands that all participants be considered in our equation in order to give an explanation (a parameter like mass or time taken in isolation signifies nothing- Lee Smolin). If the parameter space gets more and more complicated as time goes on we are in deep trouble.

[@metatron5199]

Your own comment is so inconsistent with itself it's just nonsensical.

[@sparhopper]

1:04:20 Did someone just ask 'when did the onset of inflation occur in relation to decoupling'? Wow... 'Decoupling' (surface of last scattering) didn't occur for around 400,000 years -after the onset of *inflation (*which began at around 10^-43 seconds or less). I only have a GED, but if Stanford would like to sponsor me... ;)

[@Wingularity]

I had the same reaction. Also to the guy asking if we’re on the edge of seeing monopoles.

[@naimulhaq9626]

The function PHI is at the root of all explanation, and is just too simple.

[@attheveryend]

phi is an empirical model. its value lies not in its complexity, but in its ability to account for observation. Every thoery in science ultimately rests upon how well it works.

[@nickscurvy8635]

Wtf since when did mike ehrmentrout from breaking bad become a cosmologist

[@Biednymaniek]

Its a big scalar field 55%

[@渡鸦1001]

I'm having lunch when hearing "wooh now we know what H is, the H is honey"…………笑死我了，差点一口饭喷屏幕上

[@渡鸦1001]

老爷子真是物理学逻辑学语言学多重鬼才

[@fabio194326]

Oh. Dios si fuera traducida seria genial para nosotros los latinos.

[@bledinelaj]

learn english🤣🤣🤣🤣

[@ДмитрийВербицкий-у7д]

Johnson Kevin Lopez Timothy Moore Jason

[@drippingshrimp]

Or more likely the other way around? The less they respect or even area able to recognise knowledge, the more stupid they get. But what is their alternative?

[@okiedokie4801]

Look at our own known universe as a super massive black hole. Round and spherical with a gravitational singularity. Gravity bends the space-time, causing a multi-lateral orbit of light and information. Matter from outside of our known universe is brought in at the event-horizon and scattered radiating on the outside. Everything we see around us is in the past, just a matter of re-organizing the information to find out that it all came from the same single point. How, I don't know just what I see

[@ricardodelzealandia6290]

This all sounds like fantasy and doesn't sound scientific. I'd need to see way more complete math before I believed this.

[@STONECOLDET944]

Math is written in the Greek alphabet by a demon who sadistically takes joy in exploiting peoples bad hand writing making them drop terms script line to script line Change my mind

[@cheyanne1161]

IF NOTHING HAPPENS SPONTANOUSLY , THEN HOW CAN YOU SAY THIS ELEGANT UNIVERSE CAME ABOUT BY CHANCE, MR. SUSSKINDE?

[@robheusd]

At least your comment happened 'spontaneously' which already disproofs your claim.

[@hjembrentkent6181]

I doubt he said the universe came about by chance, when was that?

[@mysticcity312]

hahahaha

[@chrismathis4162]

He didn’t say that. Actually in the quantum world things do happen spontaneously. Go back to church and stay out of science.

[@augustuscaeser10b78]

this is too much of luck...less of deduction

[@serialshagster6651]

Assuming that the universe is continually expanding, your "little box", unless used in an equation which is solved instantaneously, must stretch and grow with the growing universe or the equation and solution, are immediately no longer valid!?!?!

[@mysticcity312]

love

[@tiptap3331]

かなりいい動画だよ。参考になった

[@CecilliaDonald-u9f]

Williams Brian Thompson Laura Martinez Michelle

[@jackymarcel4108]

Harris Carol Jackson Brian Thomas Barbara

[@erwinmarschall2465]

So isn't the potential energy of the residual inflaton-field ( V(phi) today) a candidate for dark energy?

[@Metallurgist47]

Are we to accept that this field , as drawn , can apparently have a value of zero , and yet have a large potential energy.?

[@DaMav]

at 1:03 he redraws the position of the x-axis of the graph, showing and saying the field becomes very small but not zero. The potential energy decrease is the source of reheating.

[@Metallurgist47]

DaMav:I really meant when he is describing this scalar field as having a (thi)value of zero and yet a huge energy density ,at 0.34. I can't really get my head around a field actually existing if it has a (thi)value of zero anyway -- what's the difference between a field actually not existing and one which has a (thi)value of zero.?

[@Metallurgist47]

bodhisattva prajnananda Thanks for that --but ? V(phi) must be a function of the field (thi) /and or its derivatives , so that if (thi) is zero , so is V(phi) -- unless the field is momentarily "passing" through zero. Which I guess is the difference between a field existing --so that it may have transitory zero passages of (thi) ---and one that doesn't exist when (thi) is always zero ?

[@davidwilkie9551]

The QM-TIME principle is the limit of reduction, and Reductionist thinking, ..as simple as gearing in concept, and infinitely complicated and messy in applications to the observable universe. So most experience is thoroughly embedded in the context but perceived to be mostly a collection of thumb rules and piecemeal events separated by gaps between compound pulses of information. Signals, ..Electronics Engineers have "solved" the riddle of the Universe, empirically, using appropriate placement of materials in effective geometries that modulate-demodulate quanta of information sequencing into intelligible data and representations of physical phenomena. Most Electronic devices are using a crystal oscillator that converts, with filtration and refinement, one FM signal to another by reflecting them, "entangling" and integrating them, off a designed "singularity". So the environment of the Quantum Fields Mechanism is evident in principle, by a combination of intentional design and "inadvertent" occurence of material properties, ..within the crystal multi-oscillator device model of signals processing. Digital devices are using the 1-0D geometry to make "clean" and clear signals via binary logic error correction-computation. This basic concept of modulation by naturally occurring design, within the mathematical properties of a temporal superposition singularity, is "understood" empirically, by "laws of mathematics", ("lawful precedent" is approx equivalent to "sum of all histories"), in the big picture of existence, but not so much in the full modulation-substantiation spectrum, of eternity-now, in principle. The link between Quantum multiplicity and Uncertainty Principle has yet to be elaborated, for the "Gaps between Primes" eg etc. (This is the kind of detailed (significant-signal) knowledge provided by Professor Susskind's lectures.) The implication of the applied QM-TIME principle is that existence is a Universal wave-package =signal, of integrated and entangled quantum information, ..the manifestation of an observable objective in perspective as a dynamic physical material in context, and substantiated by the mathematical structures that are the eternally-enduring sum of all histories, ..in crystalline/quantum modulation-fields, now, ..equivalent to scalar fields in the Cosmological context. This lecture is concerning quantum-scalar (?) fields within fields of varying density and intensity, and different "gearing" proportions of engagement-viscosity. If existence is Quantum 1-0D and the spacetime where we exist is 1-2D times 3 planes of a brane in perspective, then the EM fields are also the engagement by half D probability distribution, in-of 1-2D inverse, such that the superposition 1-0D is a 4D EM-space of harmonic cofactor orthogonality. 5D is the beginning of "complicated and messy", implying weak probability engagement because of the gap between dominant prime-probability and "solid" temporal duration in liquid multiples of field inflation, eg 1-5th timing-spacing field density on a ln "e" scale of corresponding probability-existence, occurence-conduction points? The actual occurrence, or lack of occurrence of monopoles, and the composition of this Anthropic observable universe, is definitely due to how the Quantum Fields are distributed-manifested and engaged "locally", ..biologically. This logic is inevitably Pi circular, it's possible because it exists in the observable probability provided by eternity-now possible occurence opportunity. "e-foldings", equals the quantization of 1-0D eternal omni-dimension by e-Pii singularity-now fractal units of orthogonality?, ..very complicated and messy. Eg a "hot Big Bang" would be much more likely to be chaotic and lumpy than what appears to be the observed universe, but a Pure Math confinement of potential change in this Evolutionary State is inevitable, in a self-referential=>biological system of QM-TIME. (?) Cause-effect applies to change-now probability, in possibility-potential, in an immutable limiting context of Eternity. QM-TIME multiplicity. The Singularity Vanishing Point, Unity-Origin, is the limit restriction of cause-effect=multiplication-division of one, now-simultaneously, inherent-potential change which is entirely Mathematical phase-states and change of shape in quantum chemical resonance unitary bonding, ..and perceived psuedo random uncertainty, ..Superposition "Annealing". At the bottom of the pool.., showing the limit condition of axial-tangential brane in perspective, 1-0D infinite vanishing point, "i" reflector of eternity, and resonant real objectives in the brane of temporal vertices, now. (The Sun is a reflector of excluded frequencies from condensing, inclusive binding energy) Differentiating identifies the "center of mass" (=>classical) perspective VP of specific tangency-brane in spacetime terminology, for timing-spacing Feynman Diagram vertices.

[@nick29oz]

good video

[@reeceschommer9448]

I’m not even close to being in College and I’m still watching us so I can outsmart my classmates

[@DaMav]

Where is Cosmology Lecture 10??

[@hrldcpr]

Here's a full playlist kzbin.info/aero/PLvh0vlLitZ7c8Avsn6gUaWX05uD5cedO-

[@patriciaheil6811]

that's the best discussion of magnetic monopoles I know of

[@pedroakjr2371]

I just realized we might have arrived late to the party. Perhaps we are only getting a small part of the information we'd need in order to really understand the universe. "People" in a trillion years will be in a even worse position. It'd be fascinating to see their conclusions about the universe and life in general. They will probably think they are so special and unique. Or maybe, by that time, they'll have learned to time travel already.

[@okieoneshinobi]

After much thought and reflection, I have come to the conclusion that Leonard Susskind is actually John Malcovich in disguise.

[@TheRoccoTV]

Somebody should show him Bioshock Infinite and make him explain it.

Could one think, the expansion of space is a dimention of it self ?

[@hjembrentkent6181]

Good question i think you are in the right ballpark, you could ask is the expantion due to space itself being curved. It is a main field of research at the moment en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_universe#Curvature

no, im not thinking it expands in something, but the edge of expansion could be an dimmension of it self. there must be more to it then 3d in my mind.

shomolya ty

[@kaushaltak007]

Ex physics student here. Have been working in Data Science now for 8 years. I enjoy watching these lectures! ❤❤ BTW did someone take notes? If yes, it would really help me and everyone to refer to them whenever we have forgotten something.