Cosmopolitan Ethics vis-à-vis Pluralism: Why does Hazar Imam say the two have been misunderstood?

While cosmopolitan ethics sounds very complicated or arcane, in this presentation, we offer a practical, comprehensible, highly praised perspective about it, based on Hazar Imam's clear explanations. Then, building on that, we reconsider the relationship between cosmopolitan ethics and pluralism, suggesting why, as Hazar Imam himself has also had to point out, the two have been fundamentally misunderstood. Due to these misunderstandings, we discuss why pluralism degenerates into license, or unrestricted individual freedom, and undermines morality. And, finally, conclude with a comprehensive collection of Hazar Imam's quotes highlighting his explicit judgments against morals and values which are inconsistent with our Ismaili Muslim value system.